CN109631839A - A method of bridge pier settlement observation in water is carried out using total station - Google Patents
A method of bridge pier settlement observation in water is carried out using total station Download PDFInfo
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- CN109631839A CN109631839A CN201910068287.4A CN201910068287A CN109631839A CN 109631839 A CN109631839 A CN 109631839A CN 201910068287 A CN201910068287 A CN 201910068287A CN 109631839 A CN109631839 A CN 109631839A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, the following steps are included: in the case where bridge two sides are no both wired, two control points are respectively established in river two sides, and an observation station is built at the observation position among two control points, or, in the case where bridge, which only has side, both not wired, two control points are being established without river bank corresponding to both wired sides, and build two observation stations at the observation position among two control points；Two observation marks of interval setting, observation mark are corresponding with observation station on each bridge pier；Absolute altitude is led into control point using precision level, total station is set on observation station, the sedimentation of bridge pier is obtained by the height change between total station survey observation mark and control point.Not only it ensure that the demand of settlement observation, but also improved the efficiency of settlement observation, while reliably, easily and fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to settlement observation technical fields, it particularly relates to a kind of heavy using bridge pier in total station progress water
The method of observation drops.
Background technique
Observation of the tradition for pier stud observation mark in water at present, can only use two methods through the inspection of the scene of a crime: one, using existing
The trestle set up of construction, is observed by second grade leveling requirement, then because of trestle stability when observation, Construction traffic row on trestle
It sails and personnel shuttles and walk about influence, not can guarantee measurement accuracy and reach second grade leveling requirement.Two, it is such as set up using pier stud two sides flat
Platform observation, because bridge span away from be unequal span, then be unable to satisfy " High Speed Rail Projects specifications of surveys ", " country one, second grade leveling survey
Gauge model " in requirement of the second-order levelling front-and rear-view away from≤50 meters.According to the above, this both of which can not be implemented.
For the problems in the relevant technologies, currently no effective solution has been proposed.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem in the related technology, the present invention proposes a kind of using bridge pier sedimentation in total station progress water
The method of observation solves the demand of bridge pier settlement observation in special line for passenger trains large watershed river, and improves settlement observation
Efficiency.Simultaneously reliably, easily and fast.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A method of bridge pier settlement observation in water is carried out using total station, comprising the following steps:
Control point and observation station is arranged in S1, wherein in the case where bridge two sides are no both wired, respectively establishes in river two sides
Two control points, and the observation station is built at the observation position among two control points, alternatively, in bridge
Beam only has side without establishing two controls without river bank corresponding to both wired sides in the case where both wired
Point, and two observation stations are built at the observation position among two control points；
Observation mark is arranged in S2, wherein two observation marks of interval setting, the observation mark and the observation station phase on each bridge pier
It is corresponding；
Absolute altitude is led to the control point using precision level by S3, and total station is arranged on the observation station, by described complete
Instrument of standing measures the height change between the observation mark and the control point to obtain the sedimentation of the bridge pier.
Further, in S2, two observation marks are located on the cross section of the same bridge pier.
Further, in S3, absolute altitude is led to the control point by second grade leveling requirement by the precision level.
Further, in S3, the every 6 months repetition measurements in control point are primary.
Further, in S3, when the observation mark uses forced centering mark, the total station is surveyed using second grade leveling
Amount method measures the sedimentation of the bridge pier.
Further, in S3, when the observation mark uses prism, the total station uses Trigonometric Leveling pair
The sedimentation of the bridge pier measures.
Further, the prism is fixed on the bridge pier by L-shaped prism connecting rod.
Further, in S3, when First Observation, carries out in such a way that annexed leveling line is surveyed back and forth, remaining observation
The mode of Shi Caiyong annexed leveling line carries out.
Further, when clicking through annexed leveling line observation using the control, the total station is placed in described
On control point, used using the observation mark as turning point.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: bridge pier settlement observation can be realized by carrying out settlement observation to bridge pier in water using total station
It is general, it not only ensure that the demand of settlement observation, but also improve the efficiency of settlement observation, while reliably, easily and fast.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 be according to embodiments of the present invention it is described bridge two sides without it is both wired when the layout drawing put of control；
Fig. 2 be according to embodiments of the present invention it is described bridge only side without it is both wired when the layout drawing put of control.
In figure:
1, control point；2, observation station；3, observation mark；4, both wired；5, bridge pier.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other embodiment obtained belong to what the present invention protected
Range.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of use total station according to embodiments of the present invention carries out bridge pier settlement observation in water
Method, comprising the following steps:
Control point 1 and observation station 2 is arranged in S1, wherein bridge two sides without both wired 4 in the case where, it is each in river two sides
Two control points 1 are established, and build the observation station 2 at the observation position among two control points 1, or
Person is establishing two without river bank corresponding to both wired 4 sides in the case where bridge only has side without both wired 4
A control point 1, and two observation stations 2 are built at the observation position among two control points 1；
Observation mark 3 is arranged in S2, wherein two observation marks 3 of interval setting on each bridge pier 5, the observation mark 3 and the observation
It stands 2 corresponding；
Absolute altitude is led to the control point 1 using precision level by S3, total station is arranged on the observation station 2, by described
Height change between observation mark 3 and the control point 1 described in total station survey obtains the sedimentation of the bridge pier 5.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, in S2, two observation marks 3 are located at the same bridge pier 5
On cross section.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the precision level is by second grade leveling requirement by absolute altitude
Lead to the control point 1.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, in S3,1 every 6 months repetition measurements of control point are primary.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, described when the observation mark 3 is using forced centering mark in S3
Total station measures the sedimentation of the bridge pier 5 using second-order levelling method.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, in S3, when the observation mark 3 is using prism, the total station is adopted
The sedimentation of the bridge pier 5 is measured with Trigonometric Leveling.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the prism is fixed on the bridge pier 5 by L-shaped prism connecting rod
On.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, in S3, what when First Observation surveyed back and forth according to annexed leveling line
Mode carries out, remaining time is carried out by the way of annexed leveling line when observing.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, when being observed using the control point 1 into annexed leveling line, by institute
It states total station to be placed on the control point 1, the observation mark 3 is used as turning point.
In order to facilitate above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention is understood, below by way of specifically used mode to above-mentioned skill of the invention
Art scheme is described in detail.
The present invention is observed bridge pier 5 using total station.According to field condition, in the river two of first segment route bridge
Bank respectively establishes two control points 1, and absolute altitude is led to control point 1, two control points 1 by second grade leveling requirement with precision level
Need to build a measuring platform at intermediate observation position.
The side of second segment route bridge has existing line not to be able to satisfy to establish two observations control in river two sides respectively
The measurement scheme of point 1, to meet in-site measurement technical requirements, at the scene without burying two on the riverbank of both wired bridge side
A control point 1, and absolute altitude is led into control point 1 by second grade leveling requirement with precision level.Observation among two control points 1
Need to build two measuring platforms at position.
Control point 1 should do stability test when using, and using stable or metastable point as the reference of sedimentation and deformation
Point, and the point that should have certain amount solid and reliable is as a means of check.Sedimentation and deformation observation is wanted using national second-order levelling technology
It asks, assesses detailed rules for the implementation testing in conjunction with sedimentation.It is observed back and forth using two-way line, observation is respectively formed closure checking condition every time.Often
It before secondary observation, should test correction to used instrument and equipment, and retain inspection record.
Sedimentation and deformation observational network elevation controls net system using Construction Elevation.The every 6 months repetition measurements in control point 1 are primary.
Due to field condition observation limitation (due to being limited by the conditions such as bridge pier 5 and river bank relative position, individual bridge piers
5 are greater than 50m etc. at a distance from riverbank), when observation, is unable to satisfy second-order levelling instrument main technical requirements (front and back parallax
Transfinite≤1.5m, minimum height of sighting line >=0.5m, front and back add up sight difference≤6.0m, sight length≤50m etc.), therefore use not
Measuring appratus height and prism it is high height difference difference EDM-height measurement method transmitting.For the accuracy for ensuring settling data,
It must be carried out using the method for retainer instrument, fixed survey station installation position.
, bridge pier 5 settle point observation using high precision total station (range error ± 1mm/km, angle error be 0.5 "), use
The measurement method of triangulated height carries out testing.Specific requirement is as follows:
1. the cloudy day should be selected to be observed as far as possible to reduce the influence of refractive power, vertical angle observation preferably after sunrise 2h to sunset
It is carried out when target imaging is clear during preceding 2h.
2. position number is at 4 more than the survey time, forced centering target repeats installation error and is less than 0.2mm.
3. temperature and air pressure when being observed strictly records input, temperature is accurate to 0.2 DEG C, air pressure 0.5hPa.
It 4. instrument sets station location and strictly fixes every time, should be arranged on fixed job control point 1, set station twice and survey height
The difference of difference should be less than 1mm.
5. observing in route design, reduces to the greatest extent and set station number or reduce route distance, be conducive to precision controlling, avoid separate
The vertical adjustment precision of the distortion monitoring points of job control point 1 transfinites.
6. should re-start observation when the settling amount of adjacent observation cycle occurs abnormal and be carried out with last time measurement result
Comparison, if two times result is not met, check the stability of job control point 1 immediately, translocation datum mark is needed to be examined when necessary
It surveys.Such as find that job control point 1 or datum mark have sinkage that will observe data and report assessment unit, to carry out datum mark or
The height value of job control point 1 is modified.Then settlement observation is carried out according to revised datum mark or job control point 1 again
And calculate sedimentation value.
7. performance data presses the observation of engineering sedimentation and deformation and assessment database under unified format typing line.
The method of the present invention for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station is specific as follows:
1. observation mark 3 is arranged, in order to meet the needs of deformation observation, need that observation mark 3 is arranged on bridge pier 5.
(1) each bridge pier 5 is respectively provided with two observation marks 3, and two observation marks 3 are located at same bridge cross-section.
(2) observation mark 3 is embedded at left and right sides of bridge pier.Height is arranged on bridge pier in this section observation mark 3 and riverbank is tall and big
The position being approximately equal.
2. observation mark 3 can use prism and L shape prism connecting rod.
3. setting station triangulated height method in order to carry out normal sinking deformation monitoring preferably with centre, using high-precision
The scheme that total station measures uses the total station automatic Observation of exploitation when measurement if observation mark 3 uses forced centering mark
Program sets up total station in settlement monitoring on the riverbank of bridge pier horizontal path two sides, and bridge pier buries forced centering observation monument,
Forced centering mark height and total station antenna height are contour, with observation mark 3 substantially with high, control when the height at control point 1 is embedded
System point 1 is measured after position chooses using second-order levelling method, and the control point 1 of riverbank two sides should carry out translocation,
It individually completes monitoring net and establishes work, if observation mark 3 is connected by prism when total station is measured using Trigonometric Leveling
Extension bar and prism are constituted, the stringent naturalization of the elevation at control point 1 to prism centers.
The observation mark 3 of bridge pier divides or so line to be observed respectively, and (one of control point 1 is named as by taking left side as an example
CPII036, another control point 1 are named as GCPII037, and bridge pier 5 is successively named as 319 ~ 323, the observation mark 3 on the left of bridge pier
It is named as D1), the Free Station first between CPII036 to 323D1 observes CPII036~319D1；319D1~320D1；
32D1~321D1；321D1~322D1；Height difference between 322D1~323D1；It is freely set between GCPII037 to 219D1 again
It stands, observes GCPII037~323D1；323D1~322D1；322D1~321D1；321D1~320D1；320D1~319D1 it
Between height difference, form a route, each observation station 2 adjusts height of instrument and carries out independent observation twice, and independent observation is formed twice
Round-trip measurement.
The present invention should be carried out in First Observation (zero observation) in such a way that annexed leveling line is surveyed back and forth, according to " building
Build deformation measurement specification " requirement: " deformation measurement it is supplied only seasonally, it reflects a certain moment deformable body relative to control point 1
Deformation extent or deformation tendency, answer this First Observation (initial value) be whole deformation observation basic data, should conscientiously observe,
Carefully review increases observed quantity, carries out twice with precision independent observation, to guarantee that First Observation achievement has enough precision and can
By property." remaining time observation can be carried out by the way of annexed leveling line.
The observation route of bridge pier 5 carries out annexed leveling line observation using the control point on riverbank in water, will in observation
Total station is placed on riverbank control point 1, and the observation mark 3 on bridge pier is used as turning point.Annexed leveling line, which has measured, to be closed
In CPII036 and GCPII037.
In conclusion carrying out settlement observation to bridge pier in water using total station by means of above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention
The general of bridge pier settlement observation can be achieved, not only ensure that the demand of settlement observation, but also improve the efficiency of settlement observation, while can
It leans on, easily and fast.
The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which comprises the following steps:
Control point (1) and observation station (2) is arranged in S1, wherein in the case where bridge two sides no both wired (4), in river
Two control points (1) are respectively established in two sides, and build described in one at the intermediate observation position of two control points (1)
Observation station (2), alternatively, in the case where bridge only has side without both wired (4), corresponding to no both wired (4) side
River bank establish two control points (1), and build two at the intermediate observation position of two control points (1)
The observation station (2)；
S2 be arranged observation mark (3), wherein on each bridge pier (5) interval setting two observation marks (3), the observation mark (3) with
The observation station (2) is corresponding；
Absolute altitude is led to the control point (1) using precision level by S3, and total station is arranged on the observation station (2), passes through
Height change between observation mark described in the total station survey (3) and the control point (1) obtains the heavy of the bridge pier (5)
Drop.
2. the method according to claim 1 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that in S2
In, two observation marks (3) are located on the cross section of the same bridge pier (5).
3. the method according to claim 1 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that in S3
In, absolute altitude is led to the control point (1) by second grade leveling requirement by the precision level.
4. the method according to claim 1 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that in S3
In, the every 6 months repetition measurements of control point (1) are primary.
5. the method according to claim 1 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that in S3
In, when the observation mark (3) uses forced centering mark, the total station is using second-order levelling method to the bridge pier
(5) sedimentation measures.
6. the method according to claim 1 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that in S3
In, when the observation mark (3) uses prism, the total station uses sedimentation of the Trigonometric Leveling to the bridge pier (5)
It measures.
7. the method according to claim 6 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that described
Prism is fixed on the bridge pier (5) by L-shaped prism connecting rod.
8. the method according to claim 1 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that in S3
In, when First Observation, carries out in such a way that annexed leveling line is surveyed back and forth, using annexed leveling line when remaining observation
Mode carries out.
9. the method according to claim 8 for carrying out bridge pier settlement observation in water using total station, which is characterized in that in benefit
When being observed with the control point (1) into annexed leveling line, the total station is placed on the control point (1), it will be described
Observation mark (3) is used as turning point.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110260840A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-20 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | The measurement method and system of long bridge bridge pier absolute settlement amount over strait |
| CN111609833A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-01 | 武汉弘泰建筑工程质量检测有限公司 | Settlement observation method for high-rise building |
| CN111721260A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-29 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | High-precision light beam method settlement measurement method based on i-angle error correction of level gauge |
| CN111750827A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-09 | 中设设计集团股份有限公司 | Wide-water-area large-span pier settlement observation method |
| CN112033355A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-12-04 | 河北建设勘察研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring settlement of pier stud in underpinning of bridge pile foundation |
| CN112556643A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 中铁大桥局集团第二工程有限公司 | Elevation measurement method for settlement observation of pier in water |
| CN113280787A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-20 | 山东大学 | Bridge linear detection method based on opposite side height difference measurement |
| CN113324516A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-31 | 东南大学 | Method for monitoring vertical displacement precise triangular elevation of pier in water |
| CN114046770A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-02-15 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | Marine settlement observation and measurement method |
| CN114166174A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁二十局集团第一工程有限公司 | Deformation monitoring system and method for steel truss girder slideway support |
| CN114199125A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-18 | 中交三公局第二工程有限公司 | Method for measuring plane position of original bridge in expanded bridge |
| CN115112089A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Device and method for observing settlement of cross-sea high-speed railway bridge |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110260840A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-20 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | The measurement method and system of long bridge bridge pier absolute settlement amount over strait |
| CN110260840B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-06-29 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Method and system for measuring absolute settlement of bridge pier of cross-sea long bridge |
| CN111609833A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-01 | 武汉弘泰建筑工程质量检测有限公司 | Settlement observation method for high-rise building |
| CN111609833B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-31 | 武汉弘泰建筑工程质量检测有限公司 | Settlement observation method for high-rise building |
| CN111721260A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-29 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | High-precision light beam method settlement measurement method based on i-angle error correction of level gauge |
| CN111721260B (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-03-01 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | High-precision light beam method settlement measurement method based on i-angle error correction of level gauge |
| CN111750827B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2021-11-30 | 华设设计集团股份有限公司 | Wide-water-area large-span pier settlement observation method |
| CN111750827A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-09 | 中设设计集团股份有限公司 | Wide-water-area large-span pier settlement observation method |
| CN112033355A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-12-04 | 河北建设勘察研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring settlement of pier stud in underpinning of bridge pile foundation |
| CN112556643A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 中铁大桥局集团第二工程有限公司 | Elevation measurement method for settlement observation of pier in water |
| CN112556643B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-24 | 中铁大桥局集团第二工程有限公司 | Elevation measurement method for settlement observation of pier in water |
| CN113280787A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-20 | 山东大学 | Bridge linear detection method based on opposite side height difference measurement |
| CN113324516A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-31 | 东南大学 | Method for monitoring vertical displacement precise triangular elevation of pier in water |
| CN114046770A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-02-15 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | Marine settlement observation and measurement method |
| CN114166174A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁二十局集团第一工程有限公司 | Deformation monitoring system and method for steel truss girder slideway support |
| CN114199125A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-18 | 中交三公局第二工程有限公司 | Method for measuring plane position of original bridge in expanded bridge |
| CN115112089A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Device and method for observing settlement of cross-sea high-speed railway bridge |
| CN115112089B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-04-21 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Cross-sea high-speed railway bridge settlement observation device and observation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190416 |