CN109629556B - Pier variable cross-section vibration isolation pile foundation and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Pier variable cross-section vibration isolation pile foundation and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
- E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
- E02D5/285—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/08—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against transmission of vibrations or movements in the foundation soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种桥墩变截面隔振桩基础及其施工方法,包括钢桩以及从上至下依次围护设置在所述钢桩外围的上部节段、中部节段、下部节段,所述上部节段从内至外依次为三层隔振层、第一混凝土层、第一波纹钢、第一混凝土护壁,所述中部节段从内至外依次为一层隔振层、第二混凝土层、第二波纹钢、第二混凝土护壁,所述下部节段从内至外依次为第三混凝土层、第三波纹钢、第三混凝土护壁,所述下部节段的底部封闭。本发明的优点是:施工方便,降低了桥墩的造价;桥墩的单桩结构形式简单,传力路径清晰,桩顶的位移振动与由上到小逐渐缩小的弯矩特性相适应;隔振层将振动波向周围土体扩散时,消耗了部分振动能量。
The invention discloses a bridge pier variable cross-section vibration isolation pile foundation and a construction method thereof. The upper section is composed of three vibration isolation layers, the first concrete layer, the first corrugated steel, and the first concrete retaining wall from the inside to the outside. The middle section is composed of a vibration isolation layer, the second vibration isolation layer, and the second concrete protective wall. The concrete layer, the second corrugated steel, the second concrete retaining wall, the lower section is the third concrete layer, the third corrugated steel, and the third concrete retaining wall from the inside to the outside, and the bottom of the lower section is closed. The advantages of the invention are: easy construction, reducing the cost of the bridge pier; the single pile structure of the bridge pier is simple, the force transmission path is clear, the displacement vibration of the pile top is adapted to the bending moment characteristics that gradually decrease from top to bottom; the vibration isolation layer When the vibration wave is spread to the surrounding soil, part of the vibration energy is consumed.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于桥梁桩体施工技术领域,具体涉及一种桥墩变截面隔振桩基础及其施工方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge pile construction, and specifically relates to a bridge pier variable-section vibration isolation pile foundation and a construction method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着桥梁设施的发展,桥梁的结构和施工环境越来越复杂,因而,对桥梁桩体的稳定性提出了越来越严格的要求。现有的桥墩基础通常是由钢筋混凝土填充,上述结构底部的抗振性能较差,在桥梁上部结构晃动时,桥墩难以提供足够的减振力,从而导致桥梁稳定性降低。With the development of bridge facilities, the structure and construction environment of bridges are becoming more and more complex, thus placing increasingly stringent requirements on the stability of bridge piles. Existing bridge pier foundations are usually filled with reinforced concrete. The vibration resistance of the bottom of the above-mentioned structure is poor. When the bridge superstructure shakes, the bridge piers are difficult to provide sufficient vibration damping force, resulting in reduced bridge stability.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是根据上述现有技术的不足之处,提供一种桥墩变截面隔振桩基础及其施工方法,通过在钢桩底部设置三层变截面的支护结构,且在支护结构中加设隔振层,使得桩基础具备抗振性能。The object of the present invention is to provide a bridge pier variable cross-section vibration isolation pile foundation and its construction method based on the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art. By setting a three-layer variable cross-section supporting structure at the bottom of the steel pile, and in the supporting structure A vibration isolation layer is added to make the pile foundation have vibration resistance.
本发明目的实现由以下技术方案完成:The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
一种桥墩变截面隔振桩基础,其特征在于,包括钢桩以及从上至下依次围护设置在所述钢桩外围的上部节段、中部节段、下部节段,所述上部节段从内至外依次为三层隔振层、第一混凝土层、第一波纹钢、第一混凝土护壁,所述中部节段从内至外依次为一层隔振层、第二混凝土层、第二波纹钢、第二混凝土护壁,所述下部节段从内至外依次为第三混凝土层、第三波纹钢、第三混凝土护壁,所述下部节段的底部封闭。A bridge pier variable cross-section vibration isolation pile foundation, which is characterized in that it includes a steel pile and an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section arranged around the steel pile in sequence from top to bottom, and the upper section From the inside to the outside, there are three vibration isolation layers, the first concrete layer, the first corrugated steel, and the first concrete retaining wall. The middle section is the vibration isolation layer, the second concrete layer, and the first concrete protective wall. There are two corrugated steel and a second concrete retaining wall. From the inside to the outside, the lower section is a third concrete layer, the third corrugated steel and the third concrete retaining wall. The bottom of the lower section is closed.
所述隔振层包括内侧的混凝土层和外侧的高阻尼橡胶层。The vibration isolation layer includes an inner concrete layer and an outer high-damping rubber layer.
所述中部节段外部设置有锚杆支护,所述锚杆支护包括多个水平设置的锚杆,所述锚杆的一端水平插入土体,另一端连接在所述第二混凝土护壁上。An anchor support is provided outside the middle section. The anchor support includes a plurality of horizontal anchors. One end of the anchor is inserted into the soil horizontally and the other end is connected to the second concrete retaining wall. .
所述锚杆在不同的高度呈环状排布在所述第二混凝土护壁外围。The anchor rods are arranged in a ring at different heights around the periphery of the second concrete retaining wall.
所述上部节段、所述中部节段、所述下部节段均为环形结构。The upper segment, the middle segment, and the lower segment are all annular structures.
一种涉及任一所述的桥墩变截面隔振桩基础的施工方法,其特征在于,所述工作方法包括以下步骤:经量测后确定施工位置;根据所述施工位置挖掘桩孔,在上部节段对应深度的孔壁内植入第一波纹钢,在土体与所述第一波纹钢之间填筑第一混凝土护壁;在中部节段对应深度的孔壁内植入第二波纹钢,在所述土体与所述第二波纹钢之间填筑第二混凝土护壁;在下部节段对应深度的孔壁内植入第三波纹钢,在所述土体与所述第三波纹钢之间填筑第三混凝土护壁;在所述第一波纹钢内侧依次填筑第一混凝土层和三层隔振层,在所述第二波纹钢内侧依次填筑第二混凝土层和一层所述隔振层,在所述第三波纹钢内侧填筑第三混凝土层;放入钢桩并回填所述桩孔。A construction method involving any one of the described bridge pier variable cross-section vibration isolation pile foundations, characterized in that the working method includes the following steps: determine the construction location after measurement; dig pile holes according to the construction location, and The first corrugated steel is implanted in the hole wall of the corresponding depth of the segment, and the first concrete retaining wall is filled between the soil and the first corrugated steel; the second corrugated steel is implanted in the hole wall of the corresponding depth of the middle segment. , fill a second concrete retaining wall between the soil and the second corrugated steel; implant a third corrugated steel in the hole wall of the corresponding depth in the lower section, between the soil and the third corrugated steel A third concrete protective wall is filled between the steels; a first concrete layer and three vibration isolation layers are filled in sequence inside the first corrugated steel, and a second concrete layer and one layer of vibration isolation layer are filled in sequence inside the second corrugated steel. For the vibration isolation layer, a third concrete layer is filled inside the third corrugated steel; steel piles are placed and the pile holes are backfilled.
在植入所述第二波纹钢前,在所述中部节段深度架设锚杆支护,并在填筑所述第二混凝土护壁时,将所述锚杆支护的锚杆端部固定在所述第二混凝土护壁中。Before implanting the second corrugated steel, set up anchor support at the depth of the middle section, and when filling the second concrete retaining wall, fix the anchor end of the anchor support at in the second concrete retaining wall.
本发明的优点是:(1)施工方便,施工速度快,大幅节省钢筋和混凝土材料,降低了桥墩的造价;(2)桥墩的单桩结构形式简单,传力路径清晰,桩顶的位移振动与由上到小逐渐缩小的弯矩特性相适应;(3)隔振层将振动波向周围土体扩散时,消耗了部分振动能量。The advantages of the invention are: (1) Convenient construction, fast construction speed, significant savings in steel bars and concrete materials, and reduced cost of the bridge pier; (2) The single pile structure of the bridge pier is simple, the force transmission path is clear, and the displacement vibration of the pile top is reduced. Compatible with the bending moment characteristics that gradually decrease from top to bottom; (3) When the vibration isolation layer diffuses vibration waves to the surrounding soil, it consumes part of the vibration energy.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明实施例中桥墩变截面隔振桩基础的剖面结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a variable-section vibration isolation pile foundation for a bridge pier in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图通过实施例对本发明的特征及其它相关特征作进一步详细说明,以便于同行业技术人员的理解:The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail through examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the industry:
如图1所示,图中各标记分别为:钢桩1、上部节段2、中部节段3、下部节段4、第一混凝土层5、第一波纹钢6、第一混凝土护壁7、第二混凝土层8、第二波纹钢9、第二混凝土护壁10、第三混凝土层11、第三波纹钢12、第三混凝土护壁13、混凝土层14、高阻尼橡胶层15、锚杆16。As shown in Figure 1, the marks in the figure are: steel pile 1, upper section 2, middle section 3, lower section 4, first concrete layer 5, first corrugated steel 6, first concrete retaining wall 7, The second concrete layer 8, the second corrugated steel 9, the second concrete retaining wall 10, the third concrete layer 11, the third corrugated steel 12, the third concrete retaining wall 13, the concrete layer 14, the high damping rubber layer 15 and the anchor rod 16.
实施例:如图1所示,本实施例具体涉及一种桥墩变截面隔振桩基础及其施工方法,通过在钢桩1底部设置三层变截面的支护结构,且在支护结构中加设隔振层,使得桩基础具备抗振性能。Embodiment: As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment specifically relates to a bridge pier variable cross-section vibration isolation pile foundation and its construction method. By setting a three-layer variable cross-section supporting structure at the bottom of the steel pile 1, and in the supporting structure A vibration isolation layer is added to make the pile foundation anti-vibration.
如图1所示,本实施例中的桥墩变截面隔振桩基础,包括钢桩1以及从上至下依次围护设置在钢桩1外围的上部节段2、中部节段3、下部节段4,上部节段2从内至外依次为三层隔振层、第一混凝土层5、第一波纹钢6、第一混凝土护壁7,中部节段3从内至外依次为一层隔振层、第二混凝土层8、第二波纹钢9、第二混凝土护壁10,下部节段4从内至外依次为第三混凝土层11、第三波纹钢12、第三混凝土护壁13,下部节段4的底部封闭。上部节段2、中部节段3、下部节段4均为环形结构。上部节段2至下部节段4横截面积逐步减小,形成由上到小逐渐缩小的弯矩特性。由于桩基础的最大位移发生在桩顶,而桩顶固定时最大弯矩也发生在桩顶,上述变截面的桩基础结构也适应了桩顶到桩底的弯矩特性。由于桥梁振动由上向下传递,通过上部节段2设置三层隔振层以及中部节段3的一层隔振层,使得振动波向周围土体扩散时,有两部分的能量消耗。As shown in Figure 1, the variable-section vibration isolation pile foundation of the bridge pier in this embodiment includes a steel pile 1 and an upper section 2, a middle section 3, and a lower section that are arranged around the steel pile 1 from top to bottom. Section 4, the upper section 2 is composed of three layers of vibration isolation layer, the first concrete layer 5, the first corrugated steel 6, and the first concrete retaining wall 7 from the inside to the outside. The middle section 3 is composed of one layer of isolation layer from the inside to the outside. The vibration layer, the second concrete layer 8, the second corrugated steel 9, the second concrete retaining wall 10, the lower section 4 from the inside to the outside is the third concrete layer 11, the third corrugated steel 12, the third concrete retaining wall 13, the lower section The bottom of segment 4 is closed. The upper segment 2, the middle segment 3, and the lower segment 4 are all annular structures. The cross-sectional area of the upper segment 2 to the lower segment 4 gradually decreases, forming a bending moment characteristic that gradually decreases from top to small. Since the maximum displacement of the pile foundation occurs at the pile top, and the maximum bending moment also occurs at the pile top when the pile top is fixed, the above-mentioned variable cross-section pile foundation structure also adapts to the bending moment characteristics from the pile top to the pile bottom. Since the vibration of the bridge is transmitted from top to bottom, three layers of vibration isolation layers are provided through the upper segment 2 and one layer of vibration isolation layer in the middle segment 3, so that when the vibration wave spreads to the surrounding soil, there are two parts of energy consumption.
如图1所示,本实施例中,每层隔振层包括内侧的混凝土层14和外侧的高阻尼橡胶层15。桥梁振动带来的振动波在隔振层的不同介质表面的折反射衰减,在高阻尼橡胶中也存在阻尼耗能的效果。上部节段2从内至外依次为混凝土层14、高阻尼橡胶层15、混凝土层14、高阻尼橡胶层15、混凝土层14、高阻尼橡胶层15、混凝土层14、波纹钢、混凝土护壁;中部节段3从内至外依次为混凝土层14、高阻尼橡胶层15、混凝土层14、波纹钢、混凝土护壁;下部节段4从内至外依次为混凝土层14、波纹钢、混凝土护壁。As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, each vibration isolation layer includes an inner concrete layer 14 and an outer high-damping rubber layer 15. The vibration waves caused by bridge vibration are attenuated by refraction and reflection on different media surfaces of the vibration isolation layer, and there is also a damping energy dissipation effect in high-damping rubber. The upper section 2 is composed of concrete layer 14, high-damping rubber layer 15, concrete layer 14, high-damping rubber layer 15, concrete layer 14, high-damping rubber layer 15, concrete layer 14, corrugated steel, and concrete retaining wall from the inside to the outside; The middle section 3 is composed of concrete layer 14, high-damping rubber layer 15, concrete layer 14, corrugated steel, and concrete retaining wall from the inside to the outside; the lower section 4 is composed of concrete layer 14, corrugated steel, and concrete retaining wall from the inside to the outside.
如图1所示,本实施例中,中部节段3外部设置有锚杆支护,锚杆支护包括多个水平设置的锚杆16,锚杆16的一端水平插入土体,另一端连接在第二混凝土护壁10上。锚杆16在不同的高度呈环状排布在第二混凝土护壁10外围。锚杆支护能够加强中部节段3的稳定性,能够有效避免上部节段2和中部节段3尺寸突减带来的不稳定性。As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the middle section 3 is provided with anchor support on the outside. The anchor support includes a plurality of horizontally arranged anchor rods 16. One end of the anchor rod 16 is inserted into the soil horizontally, and the other end is connected to on the second concrete retaining wall 10. The anchor rods 16 are arranged annularly at different heights around the periphery of the second concrete retaining wall 10 . The anchor support can enhance the stability of the middle section 3 and effectively avoid the instability caused by the sudden reduction in the size of the upper section 2 and the middle section 3.
如图1所示,本实施例中的桥墩变截面隔振桩基础的施工方法,包括以下步骤:经量测后确定施工位置,施工位置由桩轴线和开挖断面的边缘线构成。根据施工位置挖掘桩孔,挖掘采用钻爆法,由上至下分节段进行变截面开挖,依次挖掘上部节段2、中部节段3、下部节段4。在上部节段2对应深度的孔壁内植入第一波纹钢6,在土体与第一波纹钢6之间填筑第一混凝土护壁7;在中部节段3对应深度的孔壁内植入第二波纹钢9,在土体与第二波纹钢9之间填筑第二混凝土护壁10;在第一波纹钢6内侧依次填筑第一混凝土层5和三层隔振层,在第二波纹钢9内侧依次填筑第二混凝土层8和一层隔振层,在第三波纹钢12内侧填筑第三混凝土层11;放入钢桩1并回填桩孔。在植入第二波纹钢9前,在中部节段3深度架设锚杆支护,并在填筑第二混凝土护壁10时,将锚杆支护的锚杆端部固定在第二混凝土护壁中。As shown in Figure 1, the construction method of the variable-section vibration isolation pile foundation of the bridge pier in this embodiment includes the following steps: determine the construction location after measurement. The construction location is composed of the pile axis and the edge line of the excavation section. Pile holes are excavated according to the construction location. The drilling and blasting method is used for excavation. Variable cross-section excavation is carried out in sections from top to bottom, and the upper section 2, the middle section 3, and the lower section 4 are excavated in sequence. The first corrugated steel 6 is implanted in the hole wall of the corresponding depth in the upper section 2, and the first concrete retaining wall 7 is filled between the soil and the first corrugated steel 6; the first corrugated steel 6 is implanted in the hole wall of the corresponding depth in the middle section 3 Insert the second corrugated steel 9, and fill the second concrete retaining wall 10 between the soil and the second corrugated steel 9; fill the first concrete layer 5 and the third vibration isolation layer inside the first corrugated steel 6 in turn. The second concrete layer 8 and a vibration isolation layer are filled in the inner side of the second corrugated steel 9 in turn, and the third concrete layer 11 is filled in the inner side of the third corrugated steel 12; the steel pile 1 is put in and the pile hole is backfilled. Before implanting the second corrugated steel 9, set up anchor support at the depth of the middle section 3, and when filling the second concrete retaining wall 10, fix the anchor end of the anchor support in the second concrete retaining wall. .
本实施例具有如下优点:施工方便,施工速度快,大幅节省钢筋和混凝土材料,降低了桥墩的造价;桥墩的单桩结构形式简单,传力路径清晰,桩顶的位移振动与由上到小逐渐缩小的弯矩特性相适应;隔振层将振动波向周围土体扩散时,消耗了部分振动能量。This embodiment has the following advantages: construction is convenient, construction speed is fast, steel bars and concrete materials are greatly saved, and the cost of the bridge pier is reduced; the single pile structure of the bridge pier is simple, the force transmission path is clear, and the displacement vibration of the top of the pile is closely related to the small one from top to bottom. It adapts to the gradually shrinking bending moment characteristics; when the vibration isolation layer diffuses vibration waves to the surrounding soil, it consumes part of the vibration energy.
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