CN109629547A - A kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement system and method - Google Patents
A kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109629547A CN109629547A CN201910025648.7A CN201910025648A CN109629547A CN 109629547 A CN109629547 A CN 109629547A CN 201910025648 A CN201910025648 A CN 201910025648A CN 109629547 A CN109629547 A CN 109629547A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/027—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating properties relating to fluids in the soil, e.g. pore-water pressure, permeability
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement system and methods, it include: the outer-layer box body with automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility being made of rigid material, the sample room that at least one side wall is made of elastic material is set in outer-layer box body, sample room bottom is fixed on the bottom of outer-layer box body, and it is equipped with the sample port that can be packed into pedotheque, sample port is equipped with sealing cover, the water inlet port connecting with aqueous vapor pressurization facility is set on sealing cover, it is equipped with water air pipe at the top of sample room, in the suspended state that can be floated up and down at the top of sample room, permeable stone is respectively set in the top and bottom end of pedotheque in sample room.The present invention utilizes outer layer water tank, the state of Imitating soil sample great burying in a natural environment, and the saturation of pedotheque and the various soil parameters of drying regime two states are measured under this emulation mode, it is final to obtain various physical parameters and its HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter under great burying state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement system and methods, are a kind of Soil Hydrological surveys
Measuring appratus and method are the physical characteristic parameter of a kind of pair of soil and the system and method that hydrodynamic parameter measures.
Background technique
In Soil Hydrological technical field, it is often necessary to carry out soil sample to carry out the correlative studys such as Soil Hydrological Process.
For example, soil physical parameters and its HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter are important evidences for studying Soil Hydrological Process.In order to obtain
Soil physical parameters and its HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter are taken, is generally sampled using undisturbed soil, the mode of experimental determination obtains.Soil
It is that the multiphase medium being made of solid soil particle, interstitial water and gap etc. is constituted, since soil constitutes substance
Characteristic is different, and general soil can expand during water content is increased, and can shrink during dehydration.But for
The biggish soil of buried depth, due to the increase of depth, the soil pressure that soil is subject to can also be increased accordingly, so that the moisture of soil
Structural adjustment in transmission process is limited, to influence the soil moisture characteristics such as the moisture conduction of soil in turn.Therefore, in order to
Guarantee the soil physical parameters of measurement and its accuracy of HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter, then in the process measured to soil
In, need to guarantee state when the obtained pedotheque of sampling still can maintain respective depth position.
Existing great burying soil permeability coefficient and moisture diffusion coefficients measuring method also can not be timely and effectively to soil
Sample carries out pressurized treatments, state when pedotheque being made to revert to great burying, and then makes the soil permeability coefficient measured and water
Divide the accuracies such as diffusion coefficient.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement systems
System and method.The system and method join the physics of soil using the soil environment of double-layer tank simulation underground great burying
Several and HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measures.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement system, comprising: by
The outer-layer box body with automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility that rigid material is constituted, the outer-layer box body is interior to be arranged at least one side wall
The sample room being made of elastic material, the sample room bottom are fixed on the bottom of outer-layer box body, and are equipped with and can be packed into soil
The sample port of earth sample, the sample port are equipped with sealing cover, and setting is connect with aqueous vapor pressurization facility on the sealing cover
Water inlet port, the sample room top are equipped with water air pipe, are in the suspension that can be floated up and down at the top of the sample room
State, permeable stone is respectively set in the top and bottom end of pedotheque in the sample room.
Further, automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility includes the hydraulic pressure sensor being located in outer layer water tank, described outer
Layer tank top is connected with the booster water pump of hydraulic pressure sensor control, and the outer layer water tank bottom is equipped with hydraulic pressure sensor control
Relief valve.
Further, the outer layer water tank is equipped with observation facility.
Further, the sample room side wall is equipped with deformation-sensor.
Further, the deformation-sensor includes circumferential deformation sensor and axial deformation sensor.
Further, weighing sensor and aridity sensor are equipped in the sample room.
Further, the described aqueous vapor pressurization facility includes the siphon pipe with water injection valve and flowmeter, and with it is described
The high-level water storage case of siphon pipe connection, the height in the high-level water storage bottom portion are more than the height at the top of sample room.
Further, aproll facility is respectively equipped at the top and bottom of the sample room.
Further, the water inlet port connection heating blower of the sample room, described goes out water air pipe connection pumping
Pump.
A kind of the step of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS measurement method of parameters using above system, the method, is such as
Under:
Step 1, it obtains pedotheque: obtaining pedotheque in survey region field condition, and measure pedotheque in situ
Depth, weight, temperature, humidity；
Step 2, it is fitted into pedotheque: pedotheque being fitted into sample room from sample room bottom, sealing cover is covered tightly, at this moment by sample
The circumferential deformation sensor and axial deformation sensor of product room side wall are set as zero, while proofreading sample weight by weighing sensor
Amount；
Step 3, it pressurizes: pedotheque suffered pressure in situ, starting is calculated according to the environment that field obtains pedotheque
Pressurization facility fills the water in outer layer water tank and reaches the pressure being calculated, with this Imitating soil sample suffered pressure in situ
At this moment power records the deflection of sample room side wall, including circumferential deformation amount and axial deflection；
Step 4, it fills the water: opening water injection valve, pedotheque is filled the water, until water air pipe has water flow outflow out, at this moment pedotheque
Saturation closes water injection valve, weight when the circumferential deformation amount and axial deflection and pedotheque of record pedotheque saturation are saturated
Amount and water injection rate；
Step 5, dry: starting heating blower and aspiration pump evaporate the moisture in pedotheque using the heat of hot-air,
Degree of seeing drying sensor, until pedotheque is completely dried, according to the aridity of pedotheque while being sent into hot-air
Gradually turn down the hydraulic pressure in the water tank of outside；After pedotheque is dry, the deflection of sample room side wall is recorded, while recording soil
The weight of sample, and by saturation and numerical value measured by dry two states calculates soil other objects under the conditions of great burying
Manage parameter and its HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention utilizes outer layer water tank, and Imitating soil sample is big in a natural environment
The state of buried depth, and the saturation of pedotheque and the various soil ginseng of drying regime two states are measured under this emulation mode
Number, it is final to obtain various physical parameters and its HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter under great burying state.The system structure is simple,
It can be realized complete automatic measurement, greatly reduce artificial intervention, improve measurement accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of system described in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the system structure diagram with automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility described in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 3 is the deformation-sensor structural schematic diagram of sample room side wall described in the embodiment of the present invention five；
Fig. 4 is the pressurization facility structure schematic diagram of aqueous vapor described in the embodiment of the present invention seven；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the diffusion and collection facility of sample room described in the embodiment of the present invention eight；
Fig. 6 is the sample room structural schematic diagram that heating facility is had described in the embodiment of the present invention nine；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of method described in the embodiment of the present invention ten.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement system, as shown in Figure 1.The present embodiment include: by
The outer-layer box body 2 with automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility 1 that rigid material is constituted, the outer-layer box body is interior to be arranged at least one side
The sample room 3 that wall 301 is made of elastic material, the sample room bottom 302 is fixed on the bottom of outer-layer box body, and is equipped with energy
It is enough packed into the sample port of pedotheque, the sample port is equipped with sealing cover 303, and setting is pressurizeed with aqueous vapor on the sealing cover
The water inlet port of the connection of facility 4, the sample room top 304 are equipped with water air pipe 5, and being at the top of the sample room can
The suspended state to float up and down, permeable stone 305,306 is respectively set in the top and bottom end of pedotheque 6 in the sample room.
The basic ideas of the present embodiment are: using the pressure in outer layer water tank simulation soil, to the soil-like in sample room
Product generate pressure, and the pressure as suffered by the soil in soil layer comes from multiple directions, i.e., from all around and top, only
Bottom is to generate pressure to following soil horizon, therefore can be ignored, therefore entire sample room is placed on outer layer water tank
Bottom allows hydraulic pressure from top and all around generates pressure to sample room, thus can be very good Imitating soil sample in reality
True pressured state in border.
It can thus be seen that outer layer water tank must be made of rigid material, and there must be certain intensity, can resist
Steel or other metal materials can be used in certain hydraulic pressure.In order to observe conveniently, observation can be set on outer layer water tank
Window, or observed using the flexible situation of expansion of the facilities such as pinhole cameras to sample room.
Required pressure is tested to make to generate in outer layer water tank, the present embodiment is provided with automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility.From
The effect of dynamic constant pressure pressurization facility mainly makes to generate constant pressure in outer layer water tank using external hydraulic pressure.Automatic constant-pressure adds
Press facility can there are many form, such as using constant pressure caused by water level stable in high water tank, or using water pump and
Hydraulic pressure in automatic control system outer layer water tank carries out automatically controlling.The shape of outer layer water tank can be cube or cylinder
The various shapes such as shape, ball-type, but as low-pressure pressure container, for convenience of manufacturing, cylindrical body is design the most real.
Sample room is the key element of the present embodiment, is the facility for being substantially carried out experiment.It is being saturated for measurement pedotheque
The various parameters of state and drying regime are provided with various sensors in sample room, are observed pedotheque and measured.
Multiple sample rooms can be installed in an outer layer water tank, multiple pedotheques can be seen simultaneously in this way
It surveys, to improve working efficiency.
For the expansion for measuring pedotheque, the side wall of sample room described in the present embodiment has used elastic flexible material
Material, the end and bottom of sample room or rigid material are constituted, and such sample room can deform on two dimensions, i.e., in axial direction
It is upper to deform and deformed in outer circumferencial direction (circumferential direction).Herein it should be noted that the shape of sample room is cylindrical body, this is
Because the shape of pedotheque is since the mode of sampling is drill hole sampling, pedotheque is all cylindrical body, in order to adapt to soil
The shape of the shape of earth sample, sample room also uses cylindrical body.
The lower end of sample room is fixed on the bottom of outer layer water tank, since the side wall of sample room is flexible flexible material
Material, so the top of sample room is in suspended state, it can be flexible up and down with the expansion of pedotheque, simultaneously because elastic
Material, during expansion, diameter increases (excircle expansion) to pedotheque, and the side wall of sample room also increases with it.
For pedotheque to be fitted into sample room, sample port has been opened up in the bottom of sample room.Sample port is sealed with sealing cover
Sternly, due to bear biggish pressure, sealing cover must have multiple-sealed measure, while close using the specification of pressure vessel
Encapsulation method is fastened.
The top of sample room is also rigid, and when pedotheque is put into sample room, pedotheque is by the top of sample room
It arches upward.The diameter at the top of sample room should be greater than the diameter of pedotheque, to reserve the space of pedotheque expansion.In soil
When sample is put into sample room, since outer layer water tank pressurizes not yet, so the elastic sidewall of sample room is wrapped in not yet
Being wrapped on pedotheque around sample, or loosely.At this moment elastic sidewall is in a kind of the opposing stationary of not external pressure
State.
When pedotheque expansion when be essentially expanded in all directions, but in actual measurement can by it is in office where
To expansion be reduced to cylindrical body axis elongation and excircle circumferentially extending, it is so-called circumferentially extending be really pedotheque it is each
A radial increase can measure entire pedotheque in all directions using the deformation-sensor of both direction in this way
It expands.
Also there are many schemes for deformation sensing, it can it is directly measured by the way of graduated scale, it can also be using electricity
The modes such as piece deformation-sensor or semiconductor strain sensor of resistance.
(the saturation expansion in the case where there is external pressure state) is expanded in the saturated condition for measurement pedotheque, it is necessary to will be native
Earth sample is in a saturated state, and the present embodiment, which takes, is arranged water inlet port in sample room bottom, and water air pipe is provided at top.
Port of intaking introduces the air-water mixture of certain pressure, carries out moisture gradually in pedotheque, and gradually permeates until water outlet
Occurs water flow in tracheae, at this moment pedotheque is at saturation state.
The effect of aqueous vapor pressurization facility is that the moisture for being mixed with air is generated to certain pressure, injects soil-like from bottom
Aqueous vapor pressurization facility such as can be introduced the water body in certain altitude water tank by the way of siphon pipe there are many form in product
In sample room, it can also be injected in pedotheque by the way of constant voltage water pump or peristaltic pump.
Water air pipe is all a kind of dotted body due to water inlet port and out, water flow when penetrating into and pedotheque being precipitated preferably
It is enough to generate diffusion or congregational rate, it, therefore, can intaking port to adapt to water inlet port and the out dotted body state of water air pipe
Facility is spread with setting, aggregation facility is set in water air pipe out.
After various parameters after measuring pedotheque saturation, each seed ginseng after pedotheque is completely dried also is measured
Number, to be sent into hot-air to sample room, toasts soil for this purpose, can connect heating blower in the water inlet port of sample room
Sample, while heating blower is connected in water air pipe out, so that sample room is generated negative pressure, in favor of toasting the hot-air of pedotheque
Sample room can smoothly be left.At this moment pedotheque can be regarded as to an air permeable plate, heat blower and aspiration pump is facilitated
Sample interior room forms the power that hot-air flows in pedotheque, and hot-air can pass through from the gap of soil, to soil
Sample is toasted, and so that the moisture in soil is progressively disengaged soil and is flowed away with hot-air, finally dries entire pedotheque.?
During drying, the hydraulic pressure in outer layer water tank also functions to the effect for squeezing out the water in pedotheque, can speed up soil-like
The drying process of product, to simulate true antecedent soil moisture process.
In order to detect weight change of the pedotheque under saturation and drying regime, weighing can be set in sample room
Sensor.Other weight in discharge pressure and system, weighing sensor can accurately measure under saturation and drying regime
Pedotheque weight.
For understand pedotheque degree of drying, can in sample room facility aridity sensor.It is passed by aridity
Sensor controls drying process, realizes automatic detection.
For keep pedotheque it is complete, avoid loosely deforming in saturation process, can pedotheque top and
Permeable stone is arranged in bottom, due to being elastic material on the outside of sample room, after pedotheque is put into sample room, and the side wall of sample room
It is slightly elongated, the pressure generated using the elasticity of sample room side wall, pedotheque is clamped by upper and lower permeable stone.Outside sample room
Side cannot have the excessive biggish pressure of flexible generation, avoid the clamped deformation of pedotheque.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment one, is refinement of the embodiment one about automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility.The present embodiment institute
The automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility stated includes the hydraulic pressure sensor 101 being located in outer layer water tank, and the outer layer tank top is connected with
The booster water pump 102 of hydraulic pressure sensor control, the outer layer water tank bottom are equipped with the relief valve 103 controlled by hydraulic pressure sensor,
As shown in Figure 2.
The present embodiment has relatively simple control process: water delivery in booster water pump outer layers water tank, when outer layer water tank
In hydraulic pressure when reaching predetermined value, booster water pump stops the water delivery of outer layers water tank.When the hydraulic pressure pressure in outer layer water tank is excessive,
Relief valve pressure release is opened, booster pump pressurization is opened when the insufficient pressure in outer layer water tank.Due to needing high-precision constant pressure control
System can use single-chip microcontroller cooperation variable frequency pump to maintain high-precision constant pressure.
This control process can be used and realize between pressure sensor, can also be realized by simple logic circuit,
The control system that the complexity such as single-chip microcontroller can be used is accurately controlled to realize.
The pressure sensor can be conventional pressure gauge or pressure transmitter.Some pressure gauges some with electricity ginseng
Pressure can be become electrical parameter output automatically, can control starting and stopping for electric appliance by the electrical parameter of output by number output.
This pressure gauge can be applied in the present embodiment.There are also the pressure transmitters for being exactly special output electrical parameter, directly can be with
Control for electric appliance.
General water pump can be used in booster pump, and general solenoid valve can be used in relief valve.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about outer layer water tank.Described in the present embodiment
Outer layer water tank is equipped with observation facility.
The pinhole cameras etc. that observation facility can be observation window or be mounted on inside outer layer water tank described in the present embodiment
Electronic device.
Example IV:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about sample room side wall.Described in the present embodiment
Sample room side wall be equipped with deformation-sensor.
The side wall of sample room is elastic material, can with the dilation of pedotheque dilation.Pedotheque
Dilation be important soil parameters, it is therefore desirable to accurate measurement.Strain transducer can be various forms of.
To realize the measurement to sample overall deformation, two kinds of sensors can be used, sample room wall deformation is carried out respectively
Measurement has certainly that is, using measuring to the dilatation of pedotheque excircle and the dilatation of pedotheque height
A sensor can be used to measure the deformation of two modes together.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about deformation-sensor.Described in the present embodiment
Deformation-sensor include circumferential deformation sensor 3011 and axial deformation sensor 3012, as shown in Figure 3.
The expand or shrink of excircle is mainly manifested in increasing or decreasing for pedotheque diameter, if pedotheque does not exist
In sample room, then its diameter can be directly measured with ruler, it is very convenient, but since pedotheque is in sample room, measurement is straight
Diameter can very easily measure using deformation-sensor the excircle of pedotheque with regard to inconvenient, it can measurement
The variation of the excircle of pedotheque cylindrical body, such as the telescopic direction of arrow A in Fig. 3.
Similarly, the height change that pedotheque cylindrical body can be measured using deformation-sensor, as arrow B stretches in Fig. 3
Contracting direction.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about sample room.Sample described in the present embodiment
Weighing sensor and aridity sensor are equipped in product room.
The weight of pedotheque is highly important parameter, and can calculate other parameters by weight parameter, because
Weight under this measurement various state of pedotheque is particularly significant.When pedotheque from soil layer take out after to weigh, it
Weight will be monitored in entire measurement process afterwards, therefore, the present embodiment is provided with weighing sensor in sample room,
The weight of pedotheque is monitored, at any time output data.High-precision strain transducer can be used in weighing sensor, and
Cooperate accurate measuring circuit, can be realized high-precision weighing.
Two electrodes for being separately positioned on sample top and bottom end can be used in aridity sensor, measure the two electrodes
Between resistance, that is, the resistance of pedotheque upper and lower ends can judge the drying journey of soil by the variation of resistance
It spends, in other words the moisture content in pedotheque.The mode of measurement can use high-precision resistance apparatus, or use
Signal generator acts on power supply, while high-precision voltage, ammeter measure, and obtain high-precision resistance value, and pass through
The moisture content in pedotheque is obtained to the analysis of resistance value.
Embodiment seven:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about aqueous vapor pressurization facility.The present embodiment institute
The aqueous vapor pressurization facility stated includes the siphon pipe 403 with water injection valve 401 and flowmeter 402, and is connect with the siphon pipe
High-level water storage case 404, the height in the high-level water storage bottom portion is more than the height at the top of sample room, as shown in Figure 4.
The present embodiment to pedotheque water filling take a simple mode, using gravity to from bottom to pedotheque
Water filling.Since the bottom of high-level water storage case is higher than the top of sample room, using siphonic effect, the water energy of injection is enough from soil
The bottom of earth sample keeps stable pressure to top, uniformly fills entire pedotheque.
It is also provided with flowmeter on siphon pipe, is controlled for recording the water for entering pedotheque, and by water injection valve
Water injection rate.
Embodiment eight:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about sample room.Sample described in the present embodiment
Aggregation facility 307 and diffusion facility 308 are respectively equipped at the top and bottom of product room, as shown in Figure 5.
Diffusion facility described in the present embodiment is permeable in order to enable the water flow flowed out from siphon pipe to uniformly enter
Shi Zhong, and assemble effect of the setting just with diffusion facility on the contrary, being that the moisture accumulation that will be flowed out from permeable stone passes through water outlet
Mouth outflow.
Assemble facility and diffusion facility can there are many forms, the present embodiment to take similar to tubaeform flaring and contracting
Mouthful, this mode structure very simple is low in cost.
Embodiment nine:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is that above-described embodiment is refined about outer layer water tank.Sample described in the present embodiment
The connection heating blower 3032 of water inlet port 3031 of product room, the water air pipe that goes out connect aspiration pump 3033, as shown in Figure 6.
The heater blower can be the air pump with electric heater.It should also be as being equipped with electric heater air pump
Automatic control system, so that heating temperature and hot air flowrate are controlled.Heating air temperature be typically maintained in 60 degree with
Under.
Embodiment ten:
The present embodiment is a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS measurement method of parameters using system described in above-described embodiment.Institute
The basic ideas for stating method are:
Pressurizeed by outer layer water tank, simulate soil under the soil layer of certain depth around pressure and top pressure, this
In the state of pressure, pedotheque is filled the water from bottom, makes its saturation, and measure various parameters, heating air-supply later is simultaneously
Opening aspiration pump is completely dried pedotheque in the case where keeping pressure, carries out the survey of various parameters to sample again
Amount obtains deep soil saturation and dry soil parameters.
Specific step is as follows for the method, and the process of step is as shown in Figure 7:
Step 1, it obtains pedotheque: obtaining pedotheque in survey region field condition, and measure pedotheque in situ
Depth, weight, temperature, humidity.
Generally using the mode of rotation sampling, sample is cylindrical body for field soil sampling, and immediate record samples after sampling
Depth and pedotheque outer dimension record are weighed, the measurement such as thermometric, measuring moisture later.Pedotheque is sealed later
Preservation is closed, is opened when to be measured.
Step 2, it is fitted into pedotheque: pedotheque being fitted into sample room from sample room bottom, covers tightly sealing cover, at this moment
Zero is set by the circumferential deformation sensor of sample room side wall and axial deformation sensor, while sample is proofreaded by weighing sensor
Product weight.The pedotheque of encapsulation is opened in the lab.
Due to the diameter and height of pedotheque be it is substantially determining, the diameter of sample room and height also determine substantially.By
Side wall in sample room uses elastic material, and can determine the size of sample room in this way: the height of sample room should be slightly less than soil
Earth sample, in this way when pedotheque is packed into sample room, the side wall of sample room is slightly elongated, and the upper and lower side of sample room clamps soil
Sample；The diameter of sample room is slightly larger than pedotheque, after pedotheque is packed into sample room, since the side wall of sample room extends, in
Between part can slightly shrink, close to pedotheque, pedotheque is encased.At this moment some variations can occur for deformation-sensor, be
Precise measurement, deformation-sensor at this moment can be reset, as measurement origin.
After pedotheque is packed into sample room, also weighing sensor is proofreaded.After opening pedotheque encapsulation, answer
Accurate weight measurement is carried out in the ban, as weighing origin, weighing sensor is proofreaded after being packed into sample room, weighing passes
The output valve of sensor and the result of accurate measurement are consistent.
Step 3, it pressurizes: pedotheque suffered pressure in situ is calculated according to the environment that field obtains pedotheque,
Starting pressurization facility fills the water in outer layer water tank and reaches the pressure being calculated, suffered in situ with this Imitating soil sample
Pressure, at this moment record the deflection of sample room side wall, including circumferential deformation amount and axial deflection.
After pedotheque is packed into sample room and seals, pressurize first.It should be according to the pedotheque institute before pressurization
Depth, calculate the pedotheque pressure suffered at underground, according to the pressure of this calculating to outer layer water tank into
Row pressurization.It should be noted that before pedotheque is packed into sample room, outer layer water tank should it is empty, should not have water body
In the presence of to avoid interference pedotheque loading sample room.
Step 4, it fills the water: opening water injection valve, pedotheque is filled the water, until water air pipe has water flow outflow out, at this moment soil
Sample saturation closes water injection valve, the circumferential deformation amount and axial deflection and pedotheque saturation of record pedotheque saturation
Shi Chongliang and water injection rate.
After outer layer water tank reaches due pressure, opens water injection valve and pedotheque is filled the water, pay attention in the injecting process
Circumferential and axial deflection is observed, while paying attention to observing the flow of variation and the water filling of pedotheque weight, this data can be with
Automatic recording instrument is automatically recorded.When outlet pipe water outlet, show that pedotheque has been saturated, it is no longer necessary to fill the water, then close
Close water injection valve.
Step 5, dry: starting heating blower and aspiration pump make the moisture in pedotheque using the heat of hot-air
Evaporation, degree of seeing drying sensor, until pedotheque is completely dried, according to the dry of pedotheque while being sent into hot-air
Dry degree gradually turns down the hydraulic pressure in the water tank of outside；After pedotheque is dry, the deflection of sample room side wall is recorded, is recorded simultaneously
The weight of pedotheque, and by saturation and numerical value measured by dry two states, calculate soil under the conditions of great burying its
His physical parameter and its HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter.
After the parameters for recording pedotheque saturation state, then water inlet port is cut on heating blower, simultaneously
Water air pipe will be switched on aspiration pump out, and open heating blower and aspiration pump, this be pedotheque room can be regarded as it is ventilative
Plate, air can pass through from the gap of soil.Under the collective effect of heating blower and aspiration pump, hot-air is from the bottom up
Sample room is flowed through, keeps the pedotheque in sample room heated, evaporates moisture therein gradually, be finally completely dried.Dry
The data that process can be exported by degree of seeing drying sensor.The mode that degree of drying uses resistance measurement is usually detected,
Degree of drying is judged according to the resistance value that pedotheque upper and lower ends measure.
The deformation and weight change of sample room are constantly recorded in pedotheque drying process and after being completely dried.
Since soil will appear shrinkage phenomenon in the drying process, the pressure around samples-soil can also reduce, therefore according to meter
The pressure for turning down outer layer water tank is calculated, the variation reduced with simulated pressure.
Finally it should be noted that being only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it above, although referring to preferable cloth
The scheme of setting describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to technology of the invention
Scheme (such as the specific structure of water tank, the specific on-link mode (OLM) of sample room, sequencing of step etc.) is modified or is waited
With replacement, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter measurement system characterized by comprising the band being made of rigid material
There is the outer-layer box body of automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility, is arranged what at least one side wall was made of elastic material in the outer-layer box body
Sample room, the sample room bottom is fixed on the bottom of outer-layer box body, and is equipped with the sample port that can be packed into pedotheque, institute
The sample port stated is equipped with sealing cover, the water inlet port that setting is connect with aqueous vapor pressurization facility on the sealing cover, the sample
Product ceiling portion is equipped with water air pipe, is in the suspended state that can be floated up and down, the sample room at the top of the sample room
Permeable stone is respectively set in the top and bottom end of interior pedotheque.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the automatic constant-pressure pressurization facility includes being located at outer layer water
Hydraulic pressure sensor in case, the outer layer tank top are connected with the booster water pump of hydraulic pressure sensor control, the outer layer water tank
Bottom is equipped with the relief valve of hydraulic pressure sensor control.
3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the outer layer water tank is equipped with observation facility.
4. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the sample room side wall is equipped with deformation-sensor.
5. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the deformation-sensor include circumferential deformation sensor and
Axial deformation sensor.
6. system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that be equipped with weighing sensor and aridity in the sample room
Sensor.
7. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the aqueous vapor pressurization facility includes having water injection valve and stream
The height of the siphon pipe of meter, and the high-level water storage case connecting with the siphon pipe, the high-level water storage bottom portion is more than
Height at the top of sample room.
8. system described in one of -7 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be respectively equipped at the top and bottom of the sample room
Aproll facility.
9. system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the water inlet port connection heating air-supply of the sample room
Device, the water air pipe that goes out connect aspiration pump.
10. a kind of great burying soil HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS measurement method of parameters using system described in claim 9, feature exist
It is as follows in, the method the step of:
Step 1, it obtains pedotheque: obtaining pedotheque in survey region field condition, and measure pedotheque in situ
Depth, weight, temperature, humidity；
Step 2, it is fitted into pedotheque: pedotheque being fitted into sample room from sample room bottom, sealing cover is covered tightly, at this moment by sample
The circumferential deformation sensor and axial deformation sensor of product room side wall are set as zero, while proofreading sample weight by weighing sensor
Amount；
Step 3, it pressurizes: pedotheque suffered pressure in situ, starting is calculated according to the environment that field obtains pedotheque
Pressurization facility fills the water in outer layer water tank and reaches the pressure being calculated, with this Imitating soil sample suffered pressure in situ
At this moment power records the deflection of sample room side wall, including circumferential deformation amount and axial deflection；
Step 4, it fills the water: opening water injection valve, pedotheque is filled the water, until water air pipe has water flow outflow out, at this moment pedotheque
Saturation closes water injection valve, weight when the circumferential deformation amount and axial deflection and pedotheque of record pedotheque saturation are saturated
Amount and water injection rate；
Step 5, dry: starting heating blower and aspiration pump evaporate the moisture in pedotheque using the heat of hot-air,
Degree of seeing drying sensor, until pedotheque is completely dried, according to the aridity of pedotheque while being sent into hot-air
Gradually turn down the hydraulic pressure in the water tank of outside；After pedotheque is dry, the deflection of sample room side wall is recorded, while recording soil
The weight of sample, and by saturation and numerical value measured by dry two states calculates soil other objects under the conditions of great burying
Manage parameter and its HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS parameter.
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