CN109629254A - 一种适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆及其制备方法。具体包括的原料质量分数是：商品分散染料5‑25、表面活性剂2‑5、聚合物分散剂1‑5、保护胶体0.5‑2、酸碱调节剂0.5‑5，其余为去离子水。制备方法是：首先将计量的去离子水加入研磨机中，然后依次加入各种助剂，最后加入商品分散染料，控制研磨速度5000‑10000转/分钟，研磨3‑5小时。通过测试分散染料的粒径分布，如果处于100‑300nm即符合色浆指标要求。本发明制备的分散染料色浆，染料粒径均为纳米级，稳定性高，易于吸附并渗透到坯布上，能减少浮色，显著提高了坯布上的色彩牢固度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于印染色浆的制备领域，特别涉及一种纳米分散染料色浆制备技术及其在印染行业中的应用。
背景技术
分散染料是一类结构比较简单，微溶于水，在溶液中以细小颗粒的分散体存在的非离子染料，该染料的分子结构中不具有-SO3 -、-COO-等水溶性基团，而只具有一定数目的-OH、-NH2等非离子极性取代基，所以它们在水中的溶解度很低。除此以外，分散染料在水中的溶解度还与其颗粒直径大小有关。因此，在分散染料的商品化加工过程中需加入大量的分散剂。染色时，分散染料借助分散剂分散在水中，呈悬浮体形态，提高分散染料与分散剂的相互作用，降低分散染料颗粒的凝聚，减少在被染物表面出现焦油状物质或色斑的现象，以确保织物的染色质量。目前，提高分散染料色浆稳定性研究主要集中在以下几个方面，一是通过研磨尽量降低分散染料颗粒粒径；二是制备过程中加入大量助剂，如表面活性剂或分散剂；三是将分散染料颗粒进行表面改性，减少染色的后处理水洗压力。比如，专利申请号201710696747.9“一种分散染料对涤纶织物的免水洗连续染色方法”公开其技术特点为分散染料颗粒为0.5-1μm，助剂用量少，染色后不需要水洗，上染率高于95％，织物上化学品含量不超过3％。申请号201611165193.1“一种分散染料用高分子分散剂的制备方法”，公开了将萘酸溶液与超支化聚合物溶液反应制备高分子分散剂的技术，但该分散剂的适用性还需要进一步研究。专利申请号201610754536.1“一种木质素系纳米分散染料的制备方法”，公开了其染料的平均粒径为70nm，纤维上染率达90％以上。
发明内容
针对现有技术所存在的问题和不足，本发明提出一种适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆及其制备方法。该方法针对分散染料色浆的制备进行技术创新，力求提高色浆的稳定性等综合性能，提高织物上染率，满足无水印染工艺要求。本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的一种适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆及其制备方法，按照质量分数计，所述的制备色浆包括：5-25的商品分散染料及各类助剂；
按照质量分数计，所述的助剂包括：2-5的表面活性剂、1-5的聚合物分散剂、0.5-2的保护胶体、0.5-5的酸碱调节剂，其余为去离子水。
所述的表面活性剂为吐温80、聚乙二醇2000、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或它们的混合物；
所述的聚合物分散剂为木质素磺酸钠、丹宁酸聚丙烯酸酯中的一种或它们的混合物；
所述的保护胶体为聚丙烯酸酰胺；
所述的酸碱调节剂为醋酸。
适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆的制备方法是：首先将计量的去离子水加入研磨机中，然后依次加入各种助剂，最后加入商品分散染料，控制研磨速度5000-10000转/分钟，研磨3-5小时。通过测试分散染料的粒径分布，如果处于100-300nm即符合色浆指标要求。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)分散染料颗粒处于100-300nm之间，极易渗透到纤维内部，明显减少了纤维上的浮色，上染率达到100％。
(2)由于采用复配高分子分散剂，减缓了染料颗粒之间的凝聚，提高了染料色浆的稳定性。
(3)纳米色浆组合物中，有机物含量较低，符合环保生产的要求。
(4)焙烘温度适中，印染后处理不需要水洗，织物上不存在化学残留，特别节能环保。
具体实施方式
实施例1
首先将计量的去离子水加入研磨机中，然后依次加入1％的吐温80、1％的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、1％的木质素磺酸钠、0.5％的聚丙烯酸酰胺和1％的醋酸等各种助剂，最后加入5％的商品分散染料，控制研磨速度5000转/分钟，研磨5小时。测试得到分散染料粒径范围为100-300nm后即可出料。应用此纳米色浆进行印染操作，检测坯布湿、干耐摩性能均达到行业要求(见附表)。
实施例2
首先将计量的去离子水加入研磨机中，然后依次加入1％的吐温80、3％的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、2％的丹宁酸聚丙烯酸酯、1％的聚丙烯酸酰胺和3％的醋酸等各种助剂，最后加入10％的商品分散染料，控制研磨速度10000转/分钟，研磨3小时。测试得到分散染料粒径范围为100-300nm后即可出料。应用此纳米色浆进行印染操作，检测坯布湿、干耐摩性能均达到行业要求(见附表)。
附表：耐摩擦色牢度检测结果
Claims (6)
1.一种适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆，按照质量分数计，所述的制备色浆包括：5-25的商品分散染料及各类助剂；
按照质量分数计，所述的助剂包括：2-5的表面活性剂、1-5的聚合物分散剂、0.5-2的保护胶体、0.5-5的酸碱调节剂，其余为去离子水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆，所述的表面活性剂为吐温80、聚乙二醇2000、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或它们的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆，所述的聚合物分散剂为木质素磺酸钠、丹宁酸聚丙烯酸酯中的一种或它们的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆，所述的保护胶体为聚丙烯酸酰胺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆，所述的酸碱调节剂为醋酸。
6.根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的适用于涤纶印染的纳米分散染料色浆，其制备方法是：首先将计量的去离子水加入研磨机中，然后依次加入各种助剂，最后加入商品分散染料，控制研磨速度5000-10000转/分钟，研磨3-5小时。通过测试分散染料的粒径分布，如果处于100-300nm即符合色浆指标要求。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN112941935A (zh) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 常州科旭纺织有限公司 | 一种带颜色的含hppe纤维的纱线及其染色方法 |
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