CN109621277A - A method of stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste - Google Patents
A method of stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN109621277A CN109621277A CN201811486516.6A CN201811486516A CN109621277A CN 109621277 A CN109621277 A CN 109621277A CN 201811486516 A CN201811486516 A CN 201811486516A CN 109621277 A CN109621277 A CN 109621277A
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- fish waste
- fish
- flyash
- heavy metals
- incineration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/08—Toxic combustion residues, e.g. toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods using the Heavy Metals in the stable domestic garbage incineration flyash of fish waste, comprising steps of the original shape state hydroxyapatite extracted from fish waste is mixed with incineration of refuse flyash, with the poidometer of incineration of refuse flyash, it is that 0.5~1.5L/kg adds water to mix well by liquid-solid ratio, is placed in closed environment and stands 12h or more；The extraction process of the original shape state hydroxyapatite is as follows: choosing the fish waste containing fish-bone, carries out sufficiently burning for the first time under 420~480 DEG C and aerobic environment, until mass loss rate is stablized in maximum value.Energy synchronism stability burning ash of the present invention fly in Heavy Metals Zn and Pb, have that processing step is simple, operation difficulty is small, volume increase-volume is than small, time short advantage is convenient for extensive industrial application, has certain economic value.Simultaneously, it is thus also avoided that the perishable bring environmental risk of fish waste biomass realizes making full use of for resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fixed-end forces technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to be flown using the stable consumer waste incineration of fish waste
The method of Heavy Metals in ash.
Background technique
In a very long time, the final disposal mode of house refuse is all to enter refuse landfill.However, along with
Socio-economic development and the raising of the level of urbanization, the yield rapid increase of house refuse, the capacity of landfill yard gradually become
Obtain relative deficiency；Meanwhile house refuse directly fill for energy and substance circulation also have negative effect；In addition, resident for
" neighbour keeps away effect " of refuse landfill, also gradually starts to be taken into account.Then, the burning disposal of house refuse is gradually opened
Beginning is taken seriously, and proportion gradually rises.
Burning disposal is a kind of high-temperature heat treatment technology.House refuse is under conditions of having a certain amount of excess air in 800
Oxidizing fire is carried out in the incinerator of~1200 DEG C of high temperature, most of organic substance is decomposed, and the residue of generation enters landfill
Field is disposed.Through burning, into landfill yard house refuse residue compared with crude waste, Mass lost 70%, volume
Reduce 90% or so；Meanwhile burning can decompose most of nocuousness organic principle in house refuse, moreover it is possible to recycle in the process
The energy.Therefore incineration method is to carry out minimizing, innoxious, recycling effective means to house refuse.Consumer waste incineration is residual
Slag is mainly bottom ash and flying dust.Although bottom ash quantitatively accounts for the overwhelming majority, more attract attention for the disposition of flying dust, because
Its leachability heavy metal for containing high concentration (mainly Zn and Pb) and incorporated into as hazardous waste.Therefore, flying dust must be through
It just can enter landfill yard after the processing such as overstabilization.
Currently there are many method for heavy metal stabilization in domestic garbage incineration flyash, but most methods
The problems such as there are complicated for operation, step be various or higher operating costs and be difficult to expanded.The wide method of current application is
Cement solidification, but this mode is there are an obvious shortcoming, and volume, which can increase, after exactly having handled connects by about one time, holds to landfill yard
Amount occupancy is excessively high, and product is not easy resource utilization.Therefore, currently still lack it is a kind of it is easy to operate, use cost is low
And it is conducive to the domestic garbage incineration flyash stabilizing surface treatment of following resource.
Fish waste is a kind of common solid waste, especially in coastal or Aquatic Product Process Industry developed regions,
A large amount of flesh of fish are extracted as products material and processing and utilization, rest part are then discharged as solid waste, and shared by it
Ratio may be close to half.Currently, to the recycling of organic principle in fish waste comparative maturity, for example, using actuation
Object feed makes biodiesel using the oils and fat constituent of extraction, or the effective component extracted in fish waste is added into
Food or cosmetics, etc..After having recycled organic principle, the part containing a large amount of inorganic constituents becomes solid waste；
This part of fish waste needs to deal carefully with disposition in a short time, addles and bring ring to avoid its biological organic ingredient
Border hygienic risk.However, existing research shows the hydroxyapatite in the sclerous tissues such as fish-bone containing low-crystallinity
(Hydroxyapatite), it can effectively adsorb the heavy metal ion in environment, realize the stabilisation of heavy metal ion or from ring
Removal in border.Therefore, the fish waste containing fish-bone possesses the potentiality of " turning waste into wealth " in fact.From sustainable development and money
For the angle of source circulation, can the inorganic constituents in fish waste should be paid the utmost attention to become the movable raw material of certain productions or original
Material substitute is recycled with realizing, and this point is critically important for concentrating the enterprise of a large amount of discharge fish wastes, because it
On the one hand facilitating enterprise reduces the processing cost of waste material, is on the other hand also possible to obtain economic well-being of workers and staff.
Organic and inorganic constituents is combined closely in fish waste, and the presence of organic principle, and one may be because of obstruction
Contact of the heavy metal ion with hydroxyapatite and both reduce joint efficiency；Two may be with other substance junction belts in environment
To negatively affect；Three to reduce the ratio of effective component in unit mass fish waste.Therefore, having in fish waste is removed
Machine ingredient plays a role for the hydroxyapatite high-efficiency in fish waste extremely important.However, existing extract hydroxyl from fish-bone
There is the shortcomings that time-consuming, energy consumption is high, complex process in the method for base apatite, it is also possible to influence the initial crystalline of hydroxyapatite
State and its adsorption effect to heavy metal.
Summary of the invention
For the processing of existing domestic garbage incineration flyash it is existing it is complicated for operation, step is various or use cost is high etc. asks
Topic, the present invention provides a kind of method for stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste, with fish
The original shape state hydroxyapatite extracted in waste material is as effective component, and under conditions of low liquid-solid ratio, synchronism stability burning ash flies
In Heavy Metals (Zn and Pb).This method has many advantages, such as that at low cost, volume increase-volume is small, environmental-friendly and easy to operate, leads to
" treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another " is crossed, may be implemented relatively to handle on a large scale, there is certain industrialization and economic value.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste, comprising steps of
The original shape state hydroxyapatite extracted from fish waste is mixed with incineration of refuse flyash, with incineration of refuse flyash
Poidometer, by liquid-solid ratio be 0.5~1.5L/kg add water to mix well, be placed in closed environment stand 12h or more；
The extraction process of the original shape state hydroxyapatite is as follows: the fish waste containing fish-bone is chosen, at 420~480 DEG C
And carry out sufficiently burning for the first time under aerobic environment, until mass loss rate is stablized in maximum value.
Preferably, the fish waste is to reject the fish waste containing fish-bone after most of organic matter.
Preferably, the temperature sufficiently burned for the first time is carried out to fish waste in the extraction of the original shape state hydroxyapatite
It is 440~460 DEG C.
Preferably, after fish waste burns and is stable at maximum value to mass loss rate, further comprise the steps of: with for the first time
Sufficiently burning carries out burning for second under the same conditions, and second of the burning time is not less than 30min.
Preferably, burning process carries out in Muffle furnace.
Preferably, the original shape state hydroxyapatite extracted from fish waste is first ground before mixing with incineration of refuse flyash
At powder.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention burns the fish waste containing fish-bone under 420~480 DEG C and aerobic environment, therein effectively removing
On the basis of organic principle, the initial crystalline state of hydroxyapatite ensure that；With certain after it is mixed with incineration of refuse flyash
Low liquid-solid ratio add water to be sufficiently mixed after stand, can synchronism stability burning ash fly in Heavy Metals (Zn and Pb), processing
Volume increase-volume is small afterwards.The present invention is to the extraction process of effective component in fish waste and to Heavy Metals in flying ash
Stabilization procedures all have the advantages that processing step is simple, operation difficulty is small, the time is short, are convenient for extensive industrial application, tool
There is certain economic value.At the same time, the present invention actually also provides a kind of resource utilization method of fish waste, can
Effectively avoid in fish waste biomass perishable and bring environmental risk.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail With reference to embodiment.It should be understood that described herein
Specific embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
Central scope of the invention are as follows: using the fish waste containing fish-bone as raw material, aerobic burn is carried out at 420~480 DEG C
Burning processing keeps the initial crystalline state of hydroxyapatite in fish-bone while effectively removing organic principle therein；Utilize with
After the low crystalline state hydroxyapatite that upper processing obtains mixes well under the conditions of certain low liquid-solid ratio with incineration of refuse flyash
It stands, achievees the effect that stabilize wherein Heavy Metals (Zn and Pb).Compared with existing processing method, present invention processing step
It is rapid simple, operation difficulty is small, the time is short, effect is good, is conducive to extensive industrial application, economic value is high, it can be achieved that " being controlled with useless
It is useless ".
In present embodiment, by fish waste incineration of refuse flyash is handled in the way of are as follows: will be from fish waste
The original shape state hydroxyapatite of middle extraction is mixed with incineration of refuse flyash, with the poidometer of incineration of refuse flyash, is by liquid-solid ratio
0.5~1.5L/kg adds water to mix well, and is subsequently placed in closed environment and stands 12h or more；The original shape state hydroxyapatite mentions
Taking technique is as follows: the fish waste containing fish-bone chosen, carries out sufficiently burning for the first time under 420~480 DEG C and aerobic environment, until
Mass loss rate is stablized in maximum value.
Why inventor selects fish waste, it is intended to turn waste into wealth, the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another.Currently, fish waste is constantly arranged
(area especially more flourishing in fish processing industry) out.Since containing a large amount of perishable components of biomass, this kind of rubbish
It needs to deal carefully in a short time to avoid its bring environmental risk.Come from the angle of sustainable development and resources circulation
It says, can fish waste should pay the utmost attention to become the movable raw material of certain productions or feedstock alternative is recycled with realizing, this
Point is critically important for concentrating the enterprise of a large amount of discharge fish wastes；On the one hand it, which facilitates enterprise, reduces being processed into for waste material
This, is on the other hand also possible to obtain economic well-being of workers and staff.Currently, the recycling of organic principle in fish waste has been compared into
It is ripe, but a large amount of inorganic constituents is discarded, and the effective use of resource is not carried out.This is because in fish waste it is organic at
Divide and is recovered more easily, and the existing extracting method to wherein inorganic constituents (hydroxyapatite of mainly low crystalline state) is grasped mostly
Make cumbersome, a large amount of manpower and material resources need to be expended, limit the development of industry.To solve this problem, inventor provides a kind of phase
To it is easily operated and efficient, be able to maintain the method that hydroxyapatite and heavy metal are effectively combined and purify the hydroxyl in fish waste
Base apatite provides a kind of new thinking for the recycling of fish waste.
For this purpose, the present invention selects simple incineration method to handle.For make the organic of fish waste and
Inorganic constituents can by effective recycling, improve the efficiency of burning disposal and reduce energy consumption as far as possible, preferred side
Case is to carry out based on the inorganic constituents such as the flesh of fish, the part based on the organic principles such as internal organ and fish-bone before burning to fish waste
Partial classification, and organic principle is rejected as much as possible, pick out the fish waste containing fish-bone.
Traditional gradient incineration method not only inefficiency, but also it is difficult to ensure the quality of hydroxyapatite, it is also necessary to it is burning
The pretreatment process such as alkali process are carried out before burning.Inventor through experiments, it was found that, the aerobic burning of constant temperature between 420~480 DEG C
Effectively remove the organic matter in fish waste, obtain high-quality original shape state hydroxyapatite (i.e. high-purity, low crystalline state hydroxyl
Base apatite), without carrying out any pretreatment and postprocessing working procedures, enormously simplify process flow.Incineration temperature is especially with 440
~460 DEG C be it is best, sufficiently burned usually under aerobic conditions and reach maximum to weight-loss ratio and keep stabilization can substantially up
Except organic matter.To completely remove organic matter, the quality of hydroxyapatite is further increased, preferably continues to burn 30min or more.This hair
It is bright that the time for continuing to burn is not particularly limited, continue to burn the time because extending, to the purity and crystallization of hydroxyapatite
State has little effect, for energy saving, raising production efficiency, about burning 30min.
The original shape state hydroxyapatite obtained after burning is brittle block structure, applies stirring, mixing when subsequent applications
Etc. mechanical forces be easy to make its dusting.Certainly, it is the specific surface area for improving hydroxyapatite, improves it and removal of heavy metal is imitated
Fruit, can be by hydroxyapatite grind into powder obtained.
The mixed proportion of original shape state hydroxyapatite and incineration of refuse flyash is not particularly limited in the present invention, this is because
Content of beary metal is influenced by respective crude waste in flying dust, is changed greatly, and the dosage of hydroxyapatite is directly affected.Actually answering
In, more hydroxyapatite can be added, to shorten the processing time, guarantees the stablizing effect to heavy metal.
It is described further combined with specific embodiments below.
Existing research shows that low crystalline state hydroxyapatite contained in fish waste can be with heavy metal ion in environment
The stabilisation or removal of heavy metal are used in conjunction with formation insoluble substance.This test case is with the Pb and Zn in incineration of refuse flyash
For, illustrate that the low crystalline state hydroxyapatite that the present invention extracts imitates stablizing for soluble heavy metal in incineration of refuse flyash
Fruit.
In following embodiment, Zn content is 9.32mg/g in incineration of refuse flyash, and Pb content is 1.85mg/g.
Embodiment 1
The fish waste containing fish-bone for rejecting organic principle is chosen, in 440 DEG C of sufficiently aerobic burnings to mass loss rate
Stablize in maximum value, then proceedes to burn 0.5h；Grinding will be imposed after product cooling, to obtain low crystalline state hydroxyapatite
Powder.Low crystalline state hydroxyapatite powder 5g is taken, is mixed with 10g incineration of refuse flyash, with the poidometer of incineration of refuse flyash,
It is that 1mL/g adds water to mix by liquid-solid ratio, is stood for 24 hours under closed environment.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1, the difference is that liquid-solid ratio is 1.5mL/g.
Embodiment 3
With embodiment 1, the difference is that liquid-solid ratio is 0.5mL/g.
Embodiment 4
With embodiment 1, the difference is that the temperature of aerobic burning is 460 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 1, the difference is that the temperature of aerobic burning is 480 DEG C.
Embodiment 6
With embodiment 1, the difference is that the temperature of aerobic burning is 420 DEG C.
Embodiment 7
With embodiment 1, the difference is that stablizing in fish waste sufficiently aerobic burn to mass loss rate in maximum value
Afterwards, do not continue to burn.
Comparative example 1
With embodiment 1, the difference is that liquid-solid ratio is 3mL/g.
Comparative example 2
With embodiment 1, the difference is that respectively table 1 at a temperature of carry out aerobic burning.
Table 1
| Number | Incineration temperature (DEG C) |
| Sample 1 | 250 |
| Sample 2 | 330 |
| Sample 3 | 550 |
Comparative example 3
Untreated fish-bone waste material, powder made of grinding after natural drying.
Test case
The removal rate of soluble Pb and Zn in the incineration of refuse flyash of embodiment and comparative example are tested.
Test method is as follows: taking 10g flying ash, adds water adjustment liquid-solid ratio to 10mL/g, vibrate 6 hours after mixing.It crosses
The Pb in filtrate is measured after filter2+And Zn2+Concentration, the amount (reference point) as soluble Pb and Zn that flying ash original contains.
To the sample of embodiment 1-7 and comparative example 1-3, continued to add water according to the water that stabilized treatment process is added, by total liquid
Gu ratio is adjusted to 10mL/g (only entering solid with flying ash meter).It is vibrated 6 hours after mixing.It is measured in filtrate after filtering
Pb2+And Zn2+Concentration, as after the processing of too low crystalline state hydroxyapatite in flying ash solubility Pb and Zn amount.Place
The difference of the amount of Pb, Zn for dissolving out in the flying ash of reason front and back accounts for the hundred of the amount of Pb, Zn for dissolving out in unprocessed flying ash
Score is the removal rate of each metal.
The results are shown in Table 2 for dependence test.
Table 2
It can be seen from the above result that incineration temperature is very big on the influence of the binding performance of the adsorption of metal ions of hydroxyapatite,
At 440~460 DEG C, especially in 440 DEG C of burnings, the removal rate of metal ion is best.In addition, low crystalline state hydroxyapatite
And the combination of metal ion is influenced very big by liquid-solid ratio condition when reacting.When liquid-solid ratio is in 0.5~1.5mL/g, metal
Removal rate can stablize substantially in maximum value, and liquid-solid ratio increase then significantly reduce the removal rate of heavy metal.From embodiment 1
Comparison with embodiment 7 can be seen that stablizes after the maximum value in fish waste sufficiently aerobic burn to mass loss rate, continues
It is burned, the binding performance for improving its product and metal ion is conducive to, this may be can be thorough because burning away
Bottom removes remaining organic component, improves the quality of low crystalline state hydroxyapatite.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste, which is characterized in that packet
Include step:
The original shape state hydroxyapatite extracted from fish waste is mixed with incineration of refuse flyash, with the weight of incineration of refuse flyash
Meter is that 0.5~1.5L/kg adds water to mix well by liquid-solid ratio, is placed in closed environment and stands 12h or more；
The extraction process of the original shape state hydroxyapatite is as follows: choosing the fish waste containing fish-bone, at 420~480 DEG C and has
It carries out sufficiently burning for the first time under oxygen environment, until mass loss rate is stablized in maximum value.
2. the side according to claim 1 for stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste
Method, which is characterized in that the fish waste is to reject the fish waste containing fish-bone after most of organic matter.
3. the side according to claim 1 for stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste
Method, which is characterized in that the temperature sufficiently burned for the first time is carried out to fish waste in the extraction of the original shape state hydroxyapatite
It is 440~460 DEG C.
4. the side according to claim 1 for stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste
Method, which is characterized in that after fish waste burns and is stable at maximum value to mass loss rate, further comprise the steps of: with for the first time
Sufficiently burning carries out burning for second under the same conditions, and second of the burning time is not less than 30min.
5. the side according to claim 1 for stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste
Method, which is characterized in that burning process carries out in Muffle furnace.
6. the side according to claim 1 for stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste
Method, which is characterized in that the original shape state hydroxyapatite extracted from fish waste is first ground before mixing with incineration of refuse flyash
At powder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811486516.6A CN109621277A (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | A method of stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811486516.6A CN109621277A (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | A method of stablizing the Heavy Metals in domestic garbage incineration flyash using fish waste |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5860908A (en) * | 1996-10-07 | 1999-01-19 | Forrester; Keith Edward | Water insoluble heavy metal stabilization process |
| CN106082155A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Utilize the method that fishbone prepares hydroxyapatite |
| CN106316307A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Composite passivator for incineration fly ash of household garbage and restoration method for incineration fly ash of household garbage |
-
2018
- 2018-12-06 CN CN201811486516.6A patent/CN109621277A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5860908A (en) * | 1996-10-07 | 1999-01-19 | Forrester; Keith Edward | Water insoluble heavy metal stabilization process |
| CN106082155A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Utilize the method that fishbone prepares hydroxyapatite |
| CN106316307A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Composite passivator for incineration fly ash of household garbage and restoration method for incineration fly ash of household garbage |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈泽峰: "《世界垃圾焚烧100年》", 30 September 2009, 福建科学技术出版社 * |
| 魏旋: "淡水鱼鱼鳞制备羟基磷灰石的研究", 《工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
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