CN108396149A - The preenrichment heavy-fluid and preprocess method of aluminium lithium gallium are extracted from flyash - Google Patents
The preenrichment heavy-fluid and preprocess method of aluminium lithium gallium are extracted from flyash Download PDFInfo
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- CN108396149A CN108396149A CN201810312211.7A CN201810312211A CN108396149A CN 108396149 A CN108396149 A CN 108396149A CN 201810312211 A CN201810312211 A CN 201810312211A CN 108396149 A CN108396149 A CN 108396149A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0015—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes
- C22B21/0023—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B58/00—Obtaining gallium or indium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses preenrichment heavy-fluids and preprocess method that aluminium lithium gallium is extracted from flyash, are related to the technical field to solid waste coal ash recycling；The heavy-fluid includes bromoform and ethyl alcohol, and the liquid-tight degree of institute's counterweight is 1.8 2.4 g/cm3；Preprocess method includes the process of heavy-fluid configuration, centrifugation, filtering, air-distillation, heavy-fluid recycling, flyash drying；The method for pre-processing and being classified as two density levels of drifting along is carried out to flyash the present invention provides a kind of, selected heavy-fluid is easy to configure and can be recycled, ambient enviroment is not polluted while cost-effective, aluminium lithium gallium content increases substantially contained by sorting gained high density grade flyash, the treating capacity into extraction process is reduced simultaneously, the reasonable efficient utilization of flyash can be achieved, to the pretreated process of flyash when can be used for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, aluminium lithium gallium element can be effectively enriched with.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field to solid waste coal ash recycling, more particularly to it is a kind of from flyash
The pretreatment heavy-fluid and preprocess method of middle extraction aluminium lithium gallium.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's coal electricity industry, Chinese average annual flyash burst size has close to 600,000,000 tons close to 1
Hundred million tons of flyash reasonably cannot be disposed and be utilized, especially in the power plant such as Shanxi, Inner Mongol, Xinjiang rich region, therefore
Reasonable utilize of flyash is an environmental protection urgently to be resolved hurrily and resources effective utilization project.It is gradual with studying flyash
Deeply, the extraction of beneficial element has become utilization orientation a kind of efficient and with economic benefit in flyash.The quasi- Ge Er of Shenhua
Using acid system gallium extracting technology, successfully examination line produces first gallium wherein for energy company, and the Datang world is successfully from standard
Aluminium is extracted in the aluminous fly-ash of the coal-burning power plants Ge Er.Current aluminous fly-ash aluminium lithium gallium comprehensive utilization process is predominantly sintered
Method and acid system, patent CN102249253B disclose " method that aluminous fly-ash produces aluminum and coproducing active calcium silicate ", specially
Sharp CN103382531B disclose " a method of from aluminous fly-ash produce alumina technology mother liquor in be enriched with gallium ",
CN102923742 and CN102923743 individually discloses a kind of method of alkaline process roasting and acid system roasting extraction lithium.It is described above
Sintering process high energy consumption in method, roasting postprocessing working procedures are longer, and acid system is to the more demanding of equipment, it is desirable that its higher corrosion resistant
Corrosion.Since above method treatment process has flow longer, the higher feature of cost, therefore improve and be selected in flyash quality,
It is particularly important to reduce treating capacity.It is largely the content not up to height of ordinary fly ash wherein alundum (Al2O3) in fly ash in electric power plant
50% standard in aluminium powder coal ash, but wherein there are higher lithium gallium contents to reach industrial utility value again, it is all selected to carry
High produce load carries out float-sink test to choose the big part flying dust of density to enter production line being a kind of effective and feasible method.
Fly ash grain is superfine, and density classification is relatively difficult, and inorganic chlorinating zinc solution is selected to have corrosivity to sample, and
Zinc chloride is easy to be difficult to remove in the flyash for being adhered to fine grain, therefore generally use organic solvent does heavy-fluid.Four chlorinations
Carbon is with benzene according to different volumes than 1.5 g/cm of configuration3And with the heavy-fluid of lower density section, bromoform is with carbon tetrachloride according to not
Same volume is than 1.6 g/cm of configuration3And with the heavy-fluid of upper density section.Organic reagent separates and recovers tired after being mixed according to different proportion
It is difficult and there are serious environmental pollutions, at the same while re-using make newly with heavy-fluid density it is inaccurate.Therefore to fine coal
When ash carries out density classification, it is not yet found that the separating medium of effect.
Invention content
Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art of the present invention, and it is an object of the present invention to provide one kind from flyash extract aluminium lithium gallium when, to powder
The preprocess method of coal ash and configuration for the heavy-fluid in pretreatment, enable aluminium lithium gallium element to be extracted to be enriched with, can
To reduce the flyash treating capacity into extraction process, while improving the content for being selected in aluminium lithium gallium element in flyash.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：Weight for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash
Liquid, the heavy-fluid include bromoform and ethyl alcohol, and the liquid-tight degree of institute's counterweight is 1.8-2.4 g/cm3。
The density for from burning being completely in preferably heavy-fluid used in extraction aluminium lithium gallium in linen flyash is 2.0-
2.4 g/cm3。
Preferably the density of heavy-fluid used in extraction aluminium lithium gallium is in the flyash from incomplete combustion in grey black
1.8-2.0 g/cm3。
The preprocess method that aluminium lithium gallium is extracted from flyash, includes the following steps：
a）Heavy-fluid configures：Bromoform and ethyl alcohol are subjected to mixed configuration heavy-fluid, the density of the heavy-fluid formed after mixing is 1.8-
2.4 g/cm3；
b）It centrifuges：Heavy-fluid is added in the centrifuge tube of centrifuge, flyash is added in centrifuge tube carries out centrifugation point later
From obtaining float suspension and hypostasis suspension；
c）Filtering：Gained float suspension is filtered respectively with hypostasis suspension and is separated by solid-liquid separation, obtained liquid phase is mixed
Total liquid phase is obtained, obtained solid phase is respectively float solid phase and hypostasis solid phase；
d）Air-distillation：Total liquid phase is distilled, ethyl alcohol and bromoform are isolated；
e）It is dry：Float solid phase and hypostasis solid phase are dried respectively, the hypostasis solid phase dried object obtained after dry is as aluminium
The raw material of lithium gallium extraction.
Preferably, the centrifugation, centrifugal rotational speed are 2000-3000 r/min, and centrifugation time is 15-30 min；
Heavy-fluid accounts for the one third of centrifugation pipe volume in centrifuge tube, and flyash accounts for the one third of centrifugation pipe volume, remaining one third
To centrifuge apron space.
Preferably, the filtering uses vacuum filter.
Preferably, the vapo(u)rizing temperature is 78-80 DEG C.
More preferably, the vapo(u)rizing temperature is 78-78.5 DEG C.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 70-80 DEG C.
The float solid phase dried object obtained after drying can be used for other purposes such as building.
Bromoform (CHBr3) density be 2.89 g/cm3, proportion greatly, viscosity it is small, therefore it is widely used in proportion
Less than 2.89 g/cm3Separating medium when mineral are detached by proportion.The solubility of bromoform in ethanol is very big, and in water
The heavy-fluid that bromoform and ethyl alcohol are configured is carried out processing of drifting along, Ke Yiyou by middle solubility and very little to flyash
Effect is enriched with aluminium lithium gallium element to be extracted.
Compared with prior art the invention has the advantages that：
1）The present invention increases pretreated process of drifting along, can greatly improve during extracting aluminium lithium gallium using flyash
The content of aluminium lithium gallium in flyash, while advantageously reducing the flyash treating capacity into subsequent extracted technique.
2）Heavy-fluid is prepared using bromoform and ethyl alcohol in the present invention, ethyl alcohol it is nontoxic and it is of low cost avoid it is toxic organic
Solvent using and remaining.
3）Ethyl alcohol and the recyclable recycling of bromoform in the present invention, not outer pollution discharging environment, while heavy-fluid can be with
It reuses, reduces production cost.
4）According to the size of density in the present invention, will be utilized respectively after the coal ash sorting after drying, the big hypostasis of density
Flyash be used for aluminium lithium gallium element extraction, and density it is small float valuable elements in coal ash content it is relatively low can be used for build etc.
Other purposes achieve the effect that reasonable disposition resource.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the embodiment technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail, but protection domain is not limited by this.
Embodiment 1
Raw material uses the flyash of Taiyuan, Shanxi city Xishan area output, chemical composition as shown in table 1：
1 embodiment of table, 1 chemical component table
1）Bromoform is configured according to volume ratio for 2.04 with ethyl alcohol, it is 2.4 g/cm to be prepared into density3Heavy-fluid, will
100 ml heavy-fluids are added in the centrifuge tube that capacity is 300ml, then centrifuge tube is added in the complete flyash of 100 ml burnings,
In, the lithium content in flyash is 180.81 ug/g, 30.66 ug/g of gallium content.
2）It is centrifuged in centrifuge, centrifuge speed is 2000 r/min, and centrifugation time is 20 min.
3）Gained float suspension will be centrifuged to filter in vacuum filter respectively with hypostasis suspension, filter process
The middle ethanol solution that is added rinses the organic solvent being adhered on fly ash grain.
4）Filtering gained liquid phase is distilled, temperature is 78.5 DEG C.
5）It is 78.5 DEG C of gained fraction ethyl alcohol cooling recycling by temperature, remaining liquid phase is bromoform.It will distillation gained second
Alcohol returns to heavy-fluid configuration system with bromoform and re-uses.
6）Solid phase in filtering gained float suspension is dried with the solid phase in hypostasis suspension, drying temperature 75
DEG C, drying time is 1 h.Aluminium content is 21.35% in hypostasis flyash after drying, and lithium content is 226.13 ug/g, and gallium contains
Amount is 38.71 ug/g, the raw material as next step element extraction.
Embodiment 2
Raw material uses the flyash of Xishan area power plant of Taiyuan, Shanxi city output, chemical composition as shown in table 2：
2 embodiment of table, 2 chemical component table
1）Bromoform is configured according to volume ratio for 0.92 with ethyl alcohol, it is 1.8 g/cm to be prepared into density3Heavy-fluid, will
100 ml heavy-fluids are added in the centrifuge tube that capacity is 300ml, then centrifuge tube is added in the complete flyash of 100 ml burnings,
In, the aluminium content in flyash is that lithium content is 112.63 ug/g, 31.37 ug/g of gallium content.
2）It is centrifuged in centrifuge, centrifuge speed is 3000 r/min, and centrifugation time is 30 min.
3）Gained float suspension will be centrifuged to filter in vacuum filter respectively with hypostasis suspension, filter process
The middle ethanol solution that is added rinses the organic solvent being adhered on fly ash grain.
4）Filtering gained liquid phase is distilled, temperature is 78 DEG C.
5）It is 78 DEG C of gained fraction ethyl alcohol cooling recycling by temperature, remaining liquid phase is bromoform.It will distillation gained ethyl alcohol
Heavy-fluid configuration system is returned to bromoform to re-use.
6）It is dry in drying box with hypostasis flyash that gained solid phase float flyash will be centrifuged, drying temperature 80
DEG C, drying time is 1 h.Aluminium content is 30.92% in hypostasis flyash after drying, and lithium content is 186.13 ug/g, and gallium contains
Amount is 42.49 ug/g, the raw material as next step element extraction.
The above content is combine specific preferred embodiment to the further description done of the present invention, and it cannot be said that
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is only limitted to this, for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, is not taking off
Under the premise of from the present invention, several simple deduction or replace can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the present invention by being submitted
Claims determine scope of patent protection.
Claims (9)
1. extracting the preenrichment heavy-fluid of aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：The heavy-fluid include bromoform and
Ethyl alcohol, the liquid-tight degree of institute's counterweight is 1.8-2.4 g/cm3。
2. the preenrichment heavy-fluid according to claim 1 for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：From burning
The density for being completely in heavy-fluid used in extraction aluminium lithium gallium in linen flyash is 2.0-2.4 g/cm3。
3. the preenrichment heavy-fluid according to claim 1 for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：From burning
It is not exclusively 1.8-2.0 g/cm in the density of heavy-fluid used in extraction aluminium lithium gallium in the flyash of grey black3。
4. extracting the preprocess method of aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
a）Heavy-fluid configures：Bromoform and ethyl alcohol are subjected to mixed configuration heavy-fluid, the density of the heavy-fluid formed after mixing is 1.8-
2.4 g/cm3；
b）It centrifuges：Heavy-fluid is added in the centrifuge tube of centrifuge, flyash is added in centrifuge tube carries out centrifugation point later
From obtaining float suspension and hypostasis suspension；
c）Filtering：Gained float suspension is filtered respectively with hypostasis suspension and is separated by solid-liquid separation, obtained liquid phase is mixed
Total liquid phase is obtained, obtained solid phase is respectively float solid phase and hypostasis solid phase；
d）Air-distillation：Total liquid phase is distilled, ethyl alcohol and bromoform are isolated；
e）It is dry：Float solid phase and hypostasis solid phase are dried respectively, the hypostasis solid phase dried object obtained after dry is as aluminium
The raw material of lithium gallium extraction.
5. the preprocess method according to claim 4 for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：It is described from
The heart detaches, and centrifugal rotational speed is 2000-3000 r/min, and centrifugation time is 15-30 min；Heavy-fluid accounts for centrifugation pipe volume in centrifuge tube
One third, flyash account for centrifugation pipe volume one third, remaining one third be centrifugation apron space.
6. the preprocess method according to claim 4 for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：The mistake
Filter uses vacuum filter.
7. the preprocess method according to claim 4 for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：The steaming
It is 78-80 DEG C to evaporate temperature.
8. the preprocess method according to claim 7 for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：The steaming
It is 78-78.5 DEG C to evaporate temperature.
9. the preprocess method according to claim 4 for extracting aluminium lithium gallium from flyash, it is characterised in that：Described is dry
Dry temperature is 70-80 DEG C.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810312211.7A CN108396149A (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | The preenrichment heavy-fluid and preprocess method of aluminium lithium gallium are extracted from flyash |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110791650A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-02-14 | 安徽德诠新材料科技有限公司 | Method for recovering metal copper by using organic silicon waste contact |
| CN111530618A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-14 | 徐州泰瑞仪器设备有限公司 | Method for separating garbage fly ash according to density |
| CN111778413A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-16 | 神华准能资源综合开发有限公司 | Method for extracting gallium from fly ash based on resin method |
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| CN103805794A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-21 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Recovery method for extracting gallium from aluminum oxide coarse-fine liquid by using acid-process fly ash |
| CN107758714A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of method of aluminium silicon lithium gallium combination method collaboration extraction in flyash |
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| CN103805794A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-21 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Recovery method for extracting gallium from aluminum oxide coarse-fine liquid by using acid-process fly ash |
| CN107758714A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of method of aluminium silicon lithium gallium combination method collaboration extraction in flyash |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110791650A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-02-14 | 安徽德诠新材料科技有限公司 | Method for recovering metal copper by using organic silicon waste contact |
| CN111530618A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-14 | 徐州泰瑞仪器设备有限公司 | Method for separating garbage fly ash according to density |
| CN111530618B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-12-28 | 徐州泰瑞仪器设备有限公司 | Method for separating garbage fly ash according to density |
| CN111778413A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-16 | 神华准能资源综合开发有限公司 | Method for extracting gallium from fly ash based on resin method |
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