CN109619325A - A kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof reducing cultivation fish intestines problem - Google Patents
A kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof reducing cultivation fish intestines problem Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of feed addictives and preparation method thereof for reducing cultivation fish intestines problem, the preparation method is the following steps are included: choose wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse, blender discharge port is closed, wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse are conveyed into horizontal mixer by auger；Liquid molasses are passed through saturated vapor stirring, is then added in blender, is passed through steam, adjust temperature of charge；Preheating is rinsed to fermentation top tank structure with high-temperature steam, the material for regulating temperature is sent in fermentor with auger, water is added to adjust the water content of material；Saccharomycete, protease are added to fermentation cylinder for fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis；The material fermented is sent to fluidized bed and is dried, wind is fed into pulverizer, crushes, and is sieved to get the feed addictive of cultivation fish intestines problem is reduced.The present invention can efficiently solve antibiotic come into operation bring antibiotic residue, manually offer medicine the problems such as complicated for operation, also, remarkable in economical benefits, social benefit are obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture and feed development technical fields, specifically, being related to a kind of reduction cultivation fish enteron aisle
Feed addictive of disease and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Brewex's grains are the Main By products of hydraulic cutting presser brewing factory, and containing cellulose, hemicellulose and protein, cellulose total amount reaches
To 45% or more.Because water content is high, yield is big, no proper treatment technology, without channel is preferably applied, frequently as waste discharge
Or sale at low prices fresh beer vinasse, it is worth cheap, pollution environment.
Scale intensive aquaculture is the important channel for solving China's protein food throughout China, and common is light
Only to provide the conventional nutrients such as protein, amino acid, energy, cellulose in water fish conventional feed raw material.Fish intestines are short, to feeding
The digestive utilization ratio divided is low.To pursue high culture efficiency, often artificial breeding density is big, and trophic level design reaches fish and disappears
The upper limit of change ability causes the long-term high burden of the enteron aisle of cultured fishes.This high burden often damages the normal configuration of enteron aisle, changes
Become intestinal flora system, cause the enteritis of cultured fishes, formation defecation is unsmooth, drags the generation of just phenomenon, and thus reduces cultivation
The feed intake of fish reduces the speed of growth, reduces Feed efficiency.Fish occur enteritis when, usually using bleaching powder, sulfamido,
Furans or a variety of Chinese herbal medicines are prevented and treated, but often control efficiency is not obvious enough or stablizes, or even invalid, and due to these
The use of chemical products or antibiotic, leads to the secondary pollution of water body, or even causes the medicine of aquatic products residual.
In conventional aquaculture, the enteritis disease incidence that carp grass carp etc. manages cyprinid fish is common disease, and disease incidence highest can
Up to 90%, the benefit of aquaculture is seriously endangered.Therefore, there is an urgent need to effective, stable, letters in the production of freshwater fish culturing
Just technological approaches, the enteritis for effectively controlling cultured fishes occur, and reduce enteritis disease incidence, or even treatment has occurred and that enteritis
Cultivate fish.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of feed addictives and preparation method thereof for reducing cultivation fish intestines problem.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of feed addictives for reducing cultivation fish intestines problem
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 chooses fresh wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse, closes blender discharge port, is conveyed by auger new
Fresh wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse are into horizontal mixer；
Liquid molasses are passed through saturated vapor stirring by step 2, are then added and are had been charged into the blender of brewex's grains, are passed through steaming
Vapour adjusts temperature of charge；
Step 3 is rinsed preheating to fermentation top tank structure with high-temperature steam, and the material for regulating temperature is transmitted with auger
Into fermentor, water is added to adjust the water content of material；
Saccharomycete, protease are added in fermentor by step 4, fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis；
The material fermented is sent to fluidized bed and is dried by step 5, and wind is fed into pulverizer, crushes, and is sieved to get reduction
Cultivate the feed addictive of fish intestines problem.
Optionally, the mixing time in the step 2 is 1-5 minutes.
Optionally, the additional amount of the liquid molasses in the step 2 is the 1%-5% of brewex's grains weight, and brewex's grains weight is
Dry weight.
Optionally, the temperature of charge after the adjusting in the step 2 is 15 DEG C -35 DEG C.
Optionally, the high-temperature steam in the step 3 is 100 DEG C -145 DEG C.
Optionally, the water content of material is 50%-70% after the adjusting in the step 3.
Optionally, the fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis in the step 4 specifically: stirring 30 minutes stands 5 hours, is stirred for 30 minutes,
6 hours are stood again, and number is 1-2 times.
Optionally, the saccharomycete in the step 4 is commercially available business saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, yeast viable count >=20,000,000,000
CFU/g, additive amount are 500g-1000g/ tons of brewex's grains, wherein brewex's grains are dry weight brewex's grains；Protease is commercially available neutral egg
White enzyme, 20000U/g, additive amount are 200g-500g/ tons of brewex's grains, wherein brewex's grains are dry weight brewex's grains.
Optionally, the moisture content after the drying in the step 5 is 10%.
The invention also discloses a kind of feeds of reduction cultivation fish intestines problem that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared to add
Add agent.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be obtained including following technical effect:
1) obtain having soluble dietary fiber element abundant, yeast metabolism object, manna oligosacchride, β-Portugal poly- through the invention
The functional components such as sugared, the unknown factor, having for 20% or more protein content adjust function of intestinal canal, maintenance intestinal flora system
System safeguards the feeding raw material of functional aquatic products of enteron aisle structure.Intestines problem can be greatly reduced in the use of the raw material, improve enteron aisle and exempt from
Epidemic disease ability resists disease infection.Under the conditions of high-density breeding, under the stressed conditions such as Heat-temperature stress, water body cataclysm, it is able to maintain feeding
Normal feeding, digestion and the growth of breeding fish.Improve efficiency of feed utilization, improve cultivation survival rate, improves culture efficiency.It can expand
To raw material sources such as general vinasse.It is beneficial to the manufacturing enterprises such as beer to increase economic efficiency.
2) it under Environment Protect in China and the overall background of healthy aquaculture, needs to increase economic efficiency in enterprise, reduces environment
Pollution, the good and cheap safe meat product of consumer demand promote the use value of brewex's grains, and existing raw material of aquatic product feed stuff is overcome to support
It is divided into point simple, if the disadvantages of healthcare function, turning waste into wealth, changes evil as benefit.Meanwhile this law production being needed to need liquid molasses.Drop
The pressure of the liquid molasses processing of Di Liao sugar enterprise, also brings economic benefit for sugar enterprise.National annual wet brewex's grains
Yield is about 10,000,000 tons (data sources: China's Industry research report net), is converted into aqueous 10% dry beer vinasse about 1,000,000
Ton is such as handled using this method, can get 1,000,000 tons of functional raw material of aquatic product feed stuff, the functionality using the present invention as aquatic products
One of feed resource adds according to 1% ratio in aquatic feeds, can obtain aquatic feeds 100,000,000 with health care function
Ton.It is calculated according to the feed coefficient of common aquaculture 1.0:1, bait can be provided for 100,000,000 tons of aquaculture fishes.
If 3) calculated according to morbidity fish dosage according to 0.2 yuan/kg, disease incidence 80% is reduced, then morbidity fish per ton can
160 yuan of drug costs are saved, the disease incidence of annual intestines problem is 25%, then can save 1,500,000,000 yuan of drug cost.Effectively
It solves antibiotic to come into operation bring antibiotic residue, the problems such as manual operation is complicated.It especially reduces to import aquatic products medication
Dependence.The equipment that the present invention needs is simple, and storage capacity demand is small, and speed of production is fast, the beer producers big to production capacity
It is applicable in.
Certainly, it implements any of the products of the present invention it is not absolutely required to while reaching all the above technical effect.
Specific embodiment
Carry out the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, whereby to the present invention how application technology hand
Section solves technical problem and reaches the realization process of technical effect to fully understand and implement.
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of feed addictive for reducing cultivation fish intestines problem, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1 chooses fresh wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse, closes blender discharge port, is conveyed by auger new
Fresh wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse are into horizontal mixer；
Liquid molasses are passed through saturated vapor stirring 1-5 minutes by step 2, are then added and are had been charged into the blender of brewex's grains,
Wherein, the additional amount of liquid molasses is the 1%-5% of brewex's grains weight (dry weight), is passed through steam, adjusts temperature of charge to 15 DEG C -35
℃；
Step 3 is rinsed preheating to fermentation top tank structure with 100 DEG C of -145 DEG C of high-temperature steams, will regulate the object of temperature
Material is sent in fermentor with auger, adjusts water content to 50%-70%；
Saccharomycete, protease are added in fermentor by step 4, fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis specifically: 30 points of stirring
Clock stands 5 hours, is stirred for 30 minutes, then stand 6 hours, and number is 1-2 times；Wherein, saccharomycete is commercially available business wine brewing ferment
Female strain, yeast viable count >=20,000,000,000 CFU/g, additive amount are 500g-1000g/ tons of brewex's grains (dry weight)；Protease is commercially available
Neutral proteinase, 20000U/g, additive amount are 200g-500g/ tons of brewex's grains (dry weight)；
The material fermented is sent to fluidized bed and is dried to moisture 10% by step 5, and wind is fed into pulverizer, is crushed, mistake
It sieves to get the feed addictive of cultivation fish intestines problem is reduced.
Embodiment 1
Fresh wet brewex's grains are chosen, blender discharge port is closed, wet brewex's grains is conveyed to horizontal mixer by auger
In；
Liquid molasses are passed through saturated vapor to stir 2 minutes, are added according to the molasses of 2% ratio of brewex's grains weight after giving money as a gift
It is fitted into the blender of brewex's grains, is passed through steam, adjust temperature of charge to 35 DEG C；
Preheating is rinsed to fermentation top tank structure with 125 DEG C of high-temperature steams, the material for regulating temperature is transmitted with auger
Into fermentor；
The cooling tap water of steam sterilizing is added, adjusts moisture to 60%；
Be added get ready saccharomycete, saccharomycete be commercially available business saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, yeast viable count >=20,000,000,000 CFU/g,
Additive amount is 1000g/ tons of brewex's grains (dry weight)；Protease, protease are commercial protein enzyme, and enzyme activity 20000U/g, additive amount is
500g/ tons of brewex's grains (dry weight)；
Stirring 30 minutes stands 5 hours, is stirred for 30 minutes, then stand 6 hours.
Starting discharge gate, fluidized bed is sent to by auger and is dried to moisture 10%, wind is fed into pulverizer, it crushes,
It is sieved to get the feed addictive of cultivation fish intestines problem is reduced.
Embodiment 2
Fresh wet brewex's grains are chosen, blender discharge port is closed, wet brewex's grains is conveyed to horizontal mixer by auger
In；
Liquid molasses are passed through saturated vapor to stir 1 minute, are added according to the molasses of 1% ratio of brewex's grains weight after giving money as a gift
It is fitted into the blender of brewex's grains, is passed through steam, adjust temperature of charge to 15 DEG C；
Preheating is rinsed to fermentation top tank structure with 100 DEG C of high-temperature steams, the material for regulating temperature is transmitted with auger
Into fermentor；
The cooling tap water of steam sterilizing is added, adjusts moisture to 50%；
Be added get ready saccharomycete, saccharomycete be commercially available business saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, yeast viable count >=20,000,000,000 CFU/g,
Additive amount is 1000g/ tons of vinasse of giving money as a gift；Protease, protease are commercial protein enzyme, and 20000U/g, additive amount is 500g/ tons of foldings
Distiller's dried grain；
Stirring 30 minutes stands 5 hours, is stirred for 30 minutes, then stand 6 hours；It is stirred for 30 minutes, then to stand 5 small
When, it is stirred for 30 minutes, then stand 6 hours；
Start discharge gate, fluidized bed is sent to by auger and is dried within moisture 10%, wind is fed into pulverizer, powder
The broken feed addictive to get reduction cultivation fish intestines problem of the invention.
Embodiment 3
Dry beer vinasse is chosen, 40 meshes is crushed to pulverizer, closes blender discharge port, wet beer is conveyed by auger
Grain is into horizontal mixer；
Liquid molasses are passed through saturated vapor to stir 5 minutes, are added according to the molasses of 5% ratio of brewex's grains weight after giving money as a gift
It is fitted into the blender of brewex's grains, is passed through steam, adjust temperature of charge to 20 DEG C；
Preheating is rinsed to fermentation top tank structure with 145 DEG C of high-temperature steams, the material for regulating temperature is transmitted with auger
Into fermentor；
The cooling tap water of steam sterilizing is added, adjusts moisture to 70%；
Be added get ready saccharomycete, saccharomycete be commercially available business saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, yeast viable count >=20,000,000,000 CFU/g,
Additive amount is 750g/ tons of vinasse of giving money as a gift；Protease, protease are commercial protein enzyme, and 20000U/g, additive amount is 350g/ tons of foldings
Distiller's dried grain；
Stirring 30 minutes stands 5 hours, is stirred for 30 minutes, then stand 6 hours；It is stirred for 30 minutes, then to stand 5 small
When, it is stirred for 30 minutes, then stand 6 hours；
Start discharge gate, fluidized bed is sent to by auger and is dried within moisture 10%, wind is fed into pulverizer, powder
The broken feed addictive to get reduction cultivation fish intestines problem.
Embodiment 4 improves brewers grain protein matter digestibility using the feed addictive that the present invention reduces cultivation fish intestines problem
(external pepsin measuring method):
Used raw material (dry beer vinasse) of the invention is crushed to 40 meshes 100% with pulverizer to pass through, as beer
Vinasse make 10, brewex's grains sample, by the feed addictive powder of the reduction cultivation fish intestines problem of 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention
Broken machine is crushed to 80 meshes 100% and passes through, and makes 10, sample.According to GB/T 17811-2008, two kinds are measured with pepsin
The digestibility of protein in material is as a result as follows:
1 embodiment 1-3 of table reduces influence of the feed addictive of cultivation fish intestines problem to brewers grain protein matter digestibility
| Sample | Protein digestibility % | P value |
| Embodiment 1 | 92.54±0.34b | 0.007 |
| Embodiment 2 | 89.23±0.56b | 0.036 |
| Embodiment 3 | 87.25±0.47b | 0.041 |
| Brewex's grains | 64.95±0.29a | 0.038 |
Note: being analyzed using Duncan ' s multiple range test method, different letters indicate same row data it
Between significant difference (p < 0.05).
Embodiment 5 using the present invention reduce cultivation fish intestines problem feed addictive reduce grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus incidence (with
Drag just ratio calculation):
Bait formula is not adjusted, 1% ratio this raw material is added in bait, selects 400 tail 500g or so grass carp, is divided into pair
According to group and test group, every group of 10 repetitions, each 10 tail of repetition.Conventional bait is fed in control group respectively, is fed in test group
Respectively added with the bait of the additive of embodiment 1-3 (respectively test group 1,2,3), bait is fed according to 1% ratio of weight, in advance
The examination phase 7 days, since the 8th day, every day entry dragged the mantissa that fish just occurs.Experimental period 30 days, statistics dragged sum just, dragged
Just total calculation formula:
Just the sum of Tuo Bian mantissa of sum=daily is dragged, just ratio=drag just sum/observation number of days * sample number is dragged.As a result see
Table 2:
2 embodiment 1-3 of table reduces influence of the feed addictive of cultivation fish intestines problem to grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus incidence
| Sample | Tuo Bian mantissa (item) | Drag just ratio (%) |
| Control group | 569 | 18.97 |
| Test group 1 | 45 | 1.50 |
| Test group 2 | 48 | 1.60 |
| Test group 3 | 52 | 1.73 |
As shown in Table 2: the feed addictive for the reduction cultivation fish intestines problem being prepared using embodiment 1 makes grass carp
Feed, enteritis proportion reduce 92.1%.
When off-test, the fish of control group and test group 1,2,3 is weighed, counts inventory, calculates feed coefficient.
The calculation formula of feed coefficient: feed coefficient=feed forage volume (g)/fish total augment weight (g)
Calculated result is shown in Table 3.
3 embodiment 1-3 of table reduces influence of the feed addictive of cultivation fish intestines problem to grass carp feed coefficient
| Sample | Feed coefficient | P value |
| Control group | 1.25±0.05a | 0.028 |
| Test group 1 | 1.07±0.03b | 0.015 |
| Test group 2 | 1.12±0.04b | 0.021 |
| Test group 3 | 1.09±0.02b | 0.013 |
Note: being analyzed using Duncan ' s multiple range test method, different letters indicate same row data it
Between significant difference (p < 0.05).
Such as table 3 it is found that the present invention can significantly reduce the enteritis incidence of grass carp, feed coefficient is reduced, improves breeding efficiency.
Embodiment 6 makes Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed using the feed addictive that the present invention reduces cultivation fish intestines problem, improves survival rate
500g or so 100 tail of grass carp seedling is selected, is randomly divided into 2 groups, every group of 5 repetitions, each 10 tail of repetition.In experiment opening
When the beginning, Escherichia coli are inoculated with, control group feeds conventional bait, feeds respectively in test group added with the additive of 2% embodiment 1-3
Bait (respectively test group 1,2,3), test period 30 days, death rate.Test result is shown in Table 4.
4 embodiment 1-3 of table reduces influence of the feed addictive of cultivation fish intestines problem to survival rate
| Sample | Survival rate (%) | P value |
| Control group | 14±0.45a | 0.039 |
| Test group 1 | 68±0.63b | 0.015 |
| Test group 2 | 65±0.57b | 0.018 |
| Test group 3 | 62±0.38b | 0.023 |
Note: being analyzed using Duncan ' s multiple range test method, different letters indicate same row data it
Between significant difference (p < 0.05).
The above test results show that manufacturing grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus, in on-test, two groups of death conditions using malicious mode is attacked
Similar, since the 5th day, test group 1-3 death toll was in sharply to decline, and the fish tail number just occurred is dragged to gradually decrease, until test
At the end of, test group 1-3 drag just occur quantity be zero.The dead sum of control group is 43 tails, and concentrates death in 10 days before the test,
Dead 16 tail of invention feedstuff group concentrates death in 4 days before the test.
Above description has shown and described several preferred embodiments of invention, but as previously described, it should be understood that invention is not
It is confined to form disclosed herein, should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for various other combinations, modification
And environment, and can be carried out within that scope of the inventive concept describe herein by the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge
Change.And changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of invention, then it all should be in the appended power of invention
In the protection scope that benefit requires.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method for the feed addictive for reducing cultivation fish intestines problem, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 chooses fresh wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse, closes blender discharge port, is conveyed by auger fresh
Wet brewex's grains or dry beer vinasse are into horizontal mixer；
Liquid molasses are passed through saturated vapor stirring by step 2, are then added and are had been charged into the blender of brewex's grains, be passed through steam, adjust
Save temperature of charge；
Step 3 is rinsed preheating to fermentation top tank structure with high-temperature steam, and the material for regulating temperature is sent to hair with auger
In fermentation tank, water is added to adjust the water content of material；
Saccharomycete, protease are added in fermentor by step 4, fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis；
The material fermented is sent to fluidized bed and is dried by step 5, and wind is fed into pulverizer, is crushed, and sieving is to get reduction cultivation
The feed addictive of fish intestines problem.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mixing time in the step 2 is 1-5 minutes.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the additional amount of the liquid molasses in the step 2 is beer
The 1%-5% of vinasse weight, brewex's grains weight are dry weight.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of charge after adjusting in the step 2 is
15℃-35℃。
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high-temperature steam in the step 3 is 100 DEG C -145
℃。
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water content of material after the adjusting in the step 3
For 50%-70%.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis in the step 4 specifically: stirring
30 minutes, 5 hours are stood, is stirred for 30 minutes, then stand 6 hours, number is 1-2 times.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the saccharomycete in the step 4 is commercially available business wine
Brewer yeast strain, yeast viable count >=20,000,000,000 CFU/g, additive amount are 500g-1000g/ tons of brewex's grains, wherein brewex's grains are dry
Weight brewex's grains；Protease is commercially available neutral proteinase, and 20000U/g, additive amount is 200g-500g/ tons of brewex's grains, wherein beer
Grain is dry weight brewex's grains.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the moisture content after drying in the step 5 is
10%.
10. a kind of reduction that the preparation method as described in claim 1-9 any claim is prepared cultivates fish enteron aisle disease
The feed addictive of disease.
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| CN105166327A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏益元泰生物技术有限公司 | Movable fermentation process for preparing wet-state yeast culture taking brewer's grains as raw materials |
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2018
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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Application publication date: 20190416 |