CN109619010B - Tide-driven directional microalgae sowing device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation and application - Google Patents
Tide-driven directional microalgae sowing device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109619010B CN109619010B CN201811406970.6A CN201811406970A CN109619010B CN 109619010 B CN109619010 B CN 109619010B CN 201811406970 A CN201811406970 A CN 201811406970A CN 109619010 B CN109619010 B CN 109619010B
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000237503 Pectinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tide-driven directional microalgae scattering device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation and application, wherein the device comprises a microalgae storage scattering buoyancy tank, a sliding rod sleeve, a fixed rod, a microalgae conveying pipe and a microalgae scattering device, wherein the fixed rod is of an upright rod-shaped structure, the top of the fixed rod extends out of the sea surface, and the bottom of the fixed rod is deep and fixed on the sea bottom; the sliding rod sleeve is sleeved on the fixed rod and can slide up and down along the fixed rod; the microalgae storage and sowing floating box is arranged on one side of the fixed rod through a sliding rod sleeve, and the bottom of the microalgae storage and sowing floating box is provided with a water-permeable screen and a one-way outlet through which algae cannot pass; the microalgae distributor is connected with a one-way outlet at the bottom of the microalgae storing and spreading buoyancy tank through a microalgae conveying pipe. The device of the invention aims at the bottom sowing proliferation mode, only takes tide as a driving force, realizes the continuous directional sowing of marine algae through a simple structure and lower cost, supplements the consumption of related algae caused by high-density bottom sowing proliferation, and is a brand new directional algae sowing device in bottom sowing proliferation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mariculture, and particularly relates to a tide-driven directional microalgae sowing device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation and application thereof.
Background
The bottom sowing proliferation of the shellfish refers to that the shellfish artificial offspring seeds or semi-artificial offspring seeds are put on the substrate of a water area with proper environment, and the production activity of the culture is carried out through natural growth, the bottom sowing proliferation mode has the advantages that the culture place is positioned at the seabed without a temperature and salinity jump layer, the environment is slightly influenced by wind and waves, the inhabitation water temperature is low, the change is small, the bottom sowing proliferation is suitable for cold water organism culture, and the like. For example, the scallop propagated by bottom sowing is naturally grown on the seabed of about 30 meters deep water, and has become an important economic shellfish culture in the coastal region in the north of China. However, the original ecological system of the culture sea area is burdened by sowing the scallop seedlings at high density, and particularly, once various types of microalgae serving as scallop food meet climate change or other environmental changes, the number of related algae populations in the culture sea area is extremely reduced, and further continuous hunger stress of the cultured scallops is caused. In recent years, the news of scallop starvation or migration in a large scale is transmitted by related enterprises which continuously carry out basal sowing and proliferation, and huge loss is brought to the local aquaculture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a tide-driven directional microalgae scattering device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation and application thereof, which only uses tide as a driving force, realizes the continuous directional scattering of marine algae through a simple structure and lower cost, supplements related algae in a targeted manner, maintains the ecological balance of the sea bottom, and avoids the death of cultured shellfish in a large area caused by food deficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tide-driven directional microalgae scattering device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation comprises a microalgae storage scattering buoyancy tank, a sliding rod sleeve, a fixed rod, a microalgae conveying pipe and a microalgae scattering device, wherein the fixed rod is of an upright rod-shaped structure, the top of the fixed rod extends out of the sea surface, and the bottom of the fixed rod is deep and fixed on the sea bottom; the sliding rod sleeve is sleeved on the fixed rod and can slide up and down along the fixed rod; the microalgae storing and sowing buoyancy tank is arranged on one side of the fixed rod through the sliding rod sleeve, and the bottom of the microalgae storing and sowing buoyancy tank is provided with a one-way outlet; the microalgae distributor is connected with a one-way outlet at the bottom of the microalgae storage and distribution floating box through a microalgae conveying pipe;
the box body material of the microalgae storing and sowing floating box is a light material capable of floating, and a light-transmitting protective net is arranged at the top of the box body material; the interior of the box is divided into an upper box chamber and a lower box chamber by a mesh screen layer, the upper box chamber is a microalgae storage chamber for cultivating microalgae, and the lower box chamber is a microalgae scattering chamber; the mesh screen layer is formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of layers of mesh screens, and the aperture of each mesh screen is larger than the diameter of the cultivated microalgae, so that the microalgae can slowly and continuously enter the lower layer under the action of seawater; water inlets are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom of the box, and water permeable mesh screens through which algae can not pass are arranged on the water inlets;
the microalgae spreader is of a cylindrical structure and comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are hollow, the wall of the outer cylinder is sealed, the wall of the inner cylinder is hollow, and microalgae can freely enter and exit the inner cylinder; the bottom of the inner cylinder is provided with a permeable mesh screen through which algae can not pass, the center of the mesh screen is provided with a small hole, and the inside of the mesh screen is provided with an algae conveying cylinder with a sealed cylinder wall; the algae conveying cylinder is characterized in that a plurality of disc partition plates are fixed on the cylinder wall of the algae conveying cylinder from top to bottom, a plurality of scattering cavities are formed in the cylinder wall through the disc partition plates, the top of the microalgae conveying cylinder is connected with a piston, the piston is a mesh screen through which algae can pass, a heavy object is hung at the bottom of the piston through a bearing rope, and the bearing rope further penetrates through small holes of the mesh screen at the bottom of the inner cylinder.
Preferably, a solar cell panel and a signal antenna are erected at the top of the fixing rod, a lighting and submarine video monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the fixing rod, and the signal antenna and the device at the bottom are powered by the solar cell panel.
Preferably, the part of the fixing rod inserted into the seabed is fixed by reinforcing with a rope.
The tide-driven directional microalgae sowing device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation is applied to the bottom sowing proliferation aspect: the directional microalgae sowing device is arranged at the outer edge of the bottom sowing and proliferation sea area, and directional automatic microalgae sowing is completed by water flow driving during flood tide and ebb tide.
Preferably, the bottom sowing proliferation is shellfish bottom sowing proliferation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the tide-driven directional microalgae sowing device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation is a brand new directional microalgae sowing device for shellfish, realizes automatic cultivation of marine algae and continuous directional sowing of related algae by taking tide as a driving force according to a bottom sowing proliferation mode of shellfish and using simple structure and lower cost, and supplements consumption of related algae caused by high-density bottom sowing proliferation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tide-driven directional microalgae seeding device for bottom sowing propagation according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a microalgae storage and sowing buoyancy tank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a microalgae spreader in a disassembled state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the microalgae spreader;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the flow direction of microalgae in the microalgae dispersing device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the state of the microalgae spreader during directional microalgae scattering: (a) at the lowest tide level; (b) when tidal current is rising; (c) when the highest tide level is reached; (d) when the tide is going back.
In the figure: 1. microalgae storage and sowing buoyancy tanks; 2. fixing the rod; 3. a slide rod sleeve; 4. conveying pipes for microalgae; 5. a microalgae spreader; 6. a water-permeable mesh screen; 7. a one-way outlet; 8. a signal antenna; 9. a solar panel; 10. lighting and subsea video monitoring devices; 11. fixing a rope; 12. an outer cylinder; 13. an inner barrel; 14. an algae transport cylinder; 15. a disc separator; 16. a distribution cavity; 17. a piston; 18. a load-bearing rope; 19. a weight; 20. a small hole; 21. a light-transmitting protective net; 22. a microalgae storage chamber; 23. a microalgae scattering chamber; 24. a mesh layer; 25. a water inlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1
A tide-driven directional microalgae scattering device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation is shown in figure 1 and comprises a microalgae storage scattering buoyancy tank 1, a sliding rod sleeve 3, a fixed rod 2, a microalgae conveying pipe 4 and a microalgae scattering device 5, wherein the fixed rod 2 is of an upright rod-shaped structure, the top of the fixed rod extends out of the sea surface, and the bottom of the fixed rod is deep and fixed on the sea bottom; the sliding rod sleeve 3 is sleeved on the fixed rod 2 and can slide up and down along the fixed rod 2; the microalgae storing and sowing buoyancy tank 1 is arranged on one side of the fixed rod 2 through the sliding rod sleeve 3, and the bottom of the microalgae storing and sowing buoyancy tank is provided with a one-way outlet 7; the microalgae distributor 5 is connected with a one-way outlet 7 at the bottom of the microalgae storage and sowing floating box 1 through a microalgae conveying pipe 4;
the box body material of the microalgae storing and sowing floating box 1 is a light material (such as foam plastic) capable of floating, the structure is shown in figure 2, and the top of the box body is provided with a light-transmitting protective net 21; the interior of the box is divided into an upper box chamber and a lower box chamber by a mesh screen layer 24, the upper box chamber is a microalgae storage chamber 22 for cultivating microalgae, and the lower box chamber is a microalgae scattering chamber 23; the mesh screen layer 24 is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of mesh screens, the aperture of each mesh screen is slightly larger than the diameter of the cultivated microalgae, and the microalgae can slowly and continuously enter the lower layer under the action of seawater; the two sides of the bottom of the box are respectively provided with a water inlet 25, and the water inlet 25 is provided with a permeable mesh screen 6 through which algae can not pass.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the microalgae spreader 5 is a cylindrical structure, and comprises an outer cylinder 12 and an inner cylinder 13, wherein the outer cylinder 12 and the inner cylinder 13 are hollow, the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder 12 is sealed, the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 13 is hollow, and microalgae can freely enter and exit the inner cylinder 13; the bottom of the inner cylinder 13 is provided with a permeable mesh screen 6 through which algae can not pass, the center of the mesh screen 6 is provided with a small hole 20, and the inside of the mesh screen is provided with an algae conveying cylinder 14 with a sealed cylinder wall; the wall of the algae conveying cylinder 14 is fixedly provided with a plurality of disc clapboards 15 from top to bottom, a plurality of scattering cavities 16 are formed on the wall of the cylinder through the disc clapboards 15, the top of the scattering cavities is connected with the microalgae conveying pipe 4, the bottom of the scattering cavities is provided with a piston 17, the piston 17 is a mesh screen through which algae can pass, the bottom of the piston 17 is hung with a weight 19 through a bearing rope 18, and the bearing rope 18 also passes through a small hole 20 at the bottom of the inner cylinder 13.
As shown in fig. 1, a solar cell panel 9 and a signal antenna 8 can be erected on the top of the fixing rod 2 according to actual requirements, and a lighting and submarine video monitoring device 10 can be arranged on the bottom, and both the signal antenna 8 and the device 10 on the bottom are powered by the solar cell panel 9.
As shown in fig. 1, the portion of the fixing rod 2 inserted into the seabed is reinforced and fixed by a fixing rope 11.
Example 2
Based on the directional microalgae scattering device described in embodiment 1, a tide-driven directional microalgae scattering method for bottom sowing proliferation (such as shellfish) is provided, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) enough cultivated microalgae are put into a microalgae storage chamber, if the microalgae are autotrophic microalgae, the microalgae can maintain the propagation and growth for a certain time under the condition of sufficient sunlight on the sea level, and only periodical supplement and inspection are needed; if the microalgae is of other nutritional types, the adjustment is carried out appropriately, and the supplement interval is shortened. The directional microalgae scattering device is arranged at the outer edge (the edge in the direction of the open sea) of the bottom-sowing proliferation sea area, and microalgae continuously proliferate in the microalgae storage scattering buoyancy tank and fluctuate along with the seawater. Under the action of sea waves, the microalgae storage and scattering buoyancy tank fluctuates up and down, a small amount of microalgae and microalgae spores (if spore propagation) continuously enter the microalgae scattering chamber through the mesh screen layer, and then are continuously injected into the microalgae scattering device on the seabed along the microalgae conveying pipe from the microalgae scattering chamber, and the flow direction of the microalgae in the microalgae scattering device is shown in fig. 5.
Under the action of sea waves, the microalgae storage and sowing floating box fluctuates up and down, when the microalgae storage and sowing floating box floats upwards, the one-way outlet is opened under the action of gravity and water flow, and microalgae spores enter the microalgae conveying pipe below along with seawater; when the microalgae storage and sowing buoyancy tank sinks, the one-way outlet is closed, seawater backflow is prevented, and downward thrust is generated.
(2) As shown in fig. 6(a), at the lowest tide level, the microalgae enter the distribution cavity of the distributor driven by the water flow.
(3) As shown in fig. 6(b), when the tide rises from low tide, the seawater rises, the microalgae storage and scattering buoyancy tank floats upwards to drive and pull out the scattering chamber, the microalgae enters the surrounding seawater environment, the total flow direction of the seawater is towards the offshore culture sea area, and the microalgae enters the culture sea area along with the flow of the seawater and sinks to the seabed.
(4) As shown in fig. 6(c), at the highest tide level, the spreading chamber is pulled out completely (buffer distance is reserved), and the spreading is finished.
(5) As shown in fig. 6(d), when the tide is going back, the seawater descends, the microalgae storage and sowing buoyancy tank descends, the distribution chamber is pulled back into the algae conveying cylinder under the action of the weight falling, the microalgae continues to be replenished, and the next tidal cycle is waited.
Claims (5)
1. A tide-driven directional microalgae scattering device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation is characterized by comprising a microalgae storage scattering buoyancy tank, a sliding rod sleeve, a fixed rod, a microalgae conveying pipe and a microalgae scattering device, wherein the fixed rod is of an upright rod-shaped structure, the top of the fixed rod extends out of the sea surface, and the bottom of the fixed rod is deep into and fixed on the sea bottom; the sliding rod sleeve is sleeved on the fixed rod and can slide up and down along the fixed rod; the microalgae storing and sowing buoyancy tank is arranged on one side of the fixed rod through the sliding rod sleeve, and the bottom of the microalgae storing and sowing buoyancy tank is provided with a one-way outlet; the microalgae distributor is connected with a one-way outlet at the bottom of the microalgae storage and distribution floating box through a microalgae conveying pipe;
the box body material of the microalgae storing and sowing floating box is a light material capable of floating, and a light-transmitting protective net is arranged at the top of the box body material; the interior of the box is divided into an upper box chamber and a lower box chamber by a mesh screen layer, the upper box chamber is a microalgae storage chamber for cultivating microalgae, and the lower box chamber is a microalgae scattering chamber; the mesh screen layer is formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of layers of mesh screens, and the aperture of each mesh screen is larger than the diameter of the cultivated microalgae, so that the microalgae can slowly and continuously enter the lower layer under the action of seawater; water inlets are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom of the box, and water permeable mesh screens through which algae can not pass are arranged on the water inlets;
the microalgae spreader is of a cylindrical structure and comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are hollow, the wall of the outer cylinder is sealed, the wall of the inner cylinder is hollow, and microalgae can freely enter and exit the inner cylinder; the bottom of the inner cylinder is provided with a permeable mesh screen through which algae can not pass, the center of the mesh screen is provided with a small hole, and the inside of the mesh screen is provided with an algae conveying cylinder with a sealed cylinder wall; the algae conveying cylinder is characterized in that a plurality of disc partition plates are fixed on the cylinder wall of the algae conveying cylinder from top to bottom, a plurality of scattering cavities are formed in the cylinder wall through the disc partition plates, the top of the microalgae conveying cylinder is connected with a piston, the piston is a mesh screen through which algae can pass, a heavy object is hung at the bottom of the piston through a bearing rope, and the bearing rope further penetrates through small holes of the mesh screen at the bottom of the inner cylinder.
2. The tide-driven directional microalgae scattering device for bottom sowing propagation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a solar panel and a signal antenna are installed on the top of the fixing pole, and a lighting and submarine video monitoring device is installed on the bottom of the fixing pole, and the signal antenna and the bottom device are both powered by the solar panel.
3. The tidal driven directional microalgae scattering device for bottom sowing propagation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the part of the fixing rod inserted into the seabed is reinforced and fixed by a rope.
4. The application of the tide-driven directional microalgae scattering device for bottom sowing propagation in bottom sowing propagation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the directional microalgae scattering device is arranged at the outer edge of the bottom sowing propagation sea area, and the directional automatic scattering of microalgae is completed by driving of water flow during flood tide and ebb tide.
5. The application of the directional microalgae seeding device in the aspect of bottom sowing proliferation according to claim 4, wherein the bottom sowing proliferation is shellfish bottom sowing proliferation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811406970.6A CN109619010B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Tide-driven directional microalgae sowing device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation and application |
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| CN201811406970.6A CN109619010B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Tide-driven directional microalgae sowing device aiming at bottom sowing proliferation and application |
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| CN109619010B true CN109619010B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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