CN109617447A - Nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating device based on confined gas environment - Google Patents
Nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating device based on confined gas environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109617447A CN109617447A CN201811487923.9A CN201811487923A CN109617447A CN 109617447 A CN109617447 A CN 109617447A CN 201811487923 A CN201811487923 A CN 201811487923A CN 109617447 A CN109617447 A CN 109617447A
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- discharge switch
- waveform formation
- resistance
- electrode
- storage capacitor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating device based on confined gas environment, it is greater than or equal to the confined gas cavity of standard atmospheric pressure including air pressure, storage capacitor, waveform formation resistance, discharge switch are mounted on in closed gas environment, on the one hand make each element that there is good insulation voltage endurance, on the other hand, it can be further reduced the clearance distance of discharge switch, so that the inductance of discharge switch is further reduced；Simultaneously, due to discharging in the same closed gas environment, waveform formation capacitor, resistance and discharge switch compact can be installed, line distance between the clearance distance and storage capacitor of discharge switch, waveform formation resistance, discharge switch, circuit wiring inductance can be made to reduce, efficiently generate the Impulsive Current wave of nanosecond rise time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the generating device of nanosecond pulse electric current, in particular on a kind of nanosecond based on confined gas environment
Rise time Impulsive Current generating device.
Background technique
With the development of pulse-current technique, the pulse current with nanosecond rise time, microsecond long duration becomes
The hot spot of research.The research of the U.S. and Russia in the field is in advanced level.The pulse technique laboratory of famous American has
The laboratory national Lawrence Livermore, Sandia state laboratory, the laboratory Maxwell, the laboratory Los Alamos, sea
Army's weapon research center, Texas university etc..The U.S. builds up Hermes-I pulser within 1967；The U.S. is built up within 1972
Aurora device, the pulse test equipment are made of 4 Marx generators, are of great significance in development history.Russia writes
There are Gergely Kulcsár Tuo Fu research institute, Novosibirsk nuclear physics institute, Lothar Thoms University of Science and Technology current electrons in the pulse technique laboratory of name
Research institute, electric physical facilities institute, NIKOLAY LEBEDEV institute etc..Russia in 1985 succeeds in developing AHrapa-5 isopulse generating device.
The research of China's pulse-current technique since the 1970s.China has numerous scientific research institutions to be engaged in the field
Research, famous scientific research institution have plasma physics research institute, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, study of high energy physics institute, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences electricity
Work technical research institute, Tsinghua University, the Central China University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Communications University, northwest Nuclear Techniques etc..
The pulse current wave duration is generally nanosecond to microsecond rank.Occur in atmosphere atmospheric electrical phenomena to the mankind's
Life brings very big influence, and the current wave of subsequent short time lightning stroke in lightning protection, time to peak approximation is T1≈
250ns, the wave rear duration is longer, which has the characteristics that the rise time is short, long-term.
Aviation field includes the thunders and lightnings flow point such as A, B, C, D, H ingredient for aircraft thunder and lightning environment and dependence test impulse waveform
Amount, wherein lightning current H component is as shown in fig. 1.
The rise time of aircraft thunder and lightning environment and dependence test lightning current H component is about 110ns, time to peak 245ns, and half
About 4 μ s of duration of peak value, frequency range 500Hz~1MHz, this kind of pulse current wave rise time is shorter, the duration compared with
Length, frequency range span are larger.
Electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) parameter that high-altitude nuclear detonation generates is one of nuclear explosion main effects parameter, and GJB3622-99 is logical
Letter and command automation ground installation are electric to the Double exponential pulse electrically introduced is provided in the requirement of shelter of upper low pressure trough
Stream injection waveform parameter is as shown in the table:
Nanosecond pulse electric current is generally generated by RLC second-order circuit, and loop inductance is to influence the pulse current rise time and return
The vital factor of road efficiency, the total inductance of RLC second-order circuit include the residual induction of storage capacitor C, waveform formation electricity
How the residual induction of resistance, the residual induction of discharge switch and circuit wiring inductance etc., reduce the equivalent of pulse current loop
Inductance is the key technology that nanosecond pulse electric current generates.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, and the nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current based on confined gas environment occurs
Device efficiently generates the Impulsive Current wave of nanosecond rise time.
The present invention uses following scheme to achieve the above object:
Nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating device based on confined gas environment, including upper insulating flange, it is lower absolutely
The air pressure that lot or luck by which people are brought together is blue, insulation tube forms is greater than or equal to the confined gas cavity of standard atmospheric pressure, pacifies in confined gas cavity
Equipped with storage capacitor, waveform formation resistance and discharge switch, storage capacitor high-voltage end passes through the first insulating sleeve and high direct voltage
Charging end electrical connection, the low-pressure end of DC power supply are connected with pulse current low-voltage output and connect with reference to ground；Storage capacitor is low
Pressure side passes through third insulating sleeve and is connected with pulse current low-voltage output；Storage capacitor high-voltage end is upper with waveform formation resistance
End is connected, and the lower end of waveform formation resistance is connected with the top electrode of discharge switch, and the lower electrode of discharge switch passes through the second insulation
Casing draws pulse current high-voltage output end；The storage capacitor is composed in series by multiple groups low-voltage capacitance unit group, multiple groups capacitor
It joins end to end and connects and assembled at " S " type, in pulse current discharging, the pulse flowed through in two adjacent groups capacitor cell group is electric
It flows equal in magnitude contrary.
Further, the waveform formation resistance is laminated by multi-disc resistor disc and insulation board interval, resistor disc and insulation
Plate is fixedly mounted under waveform formation resistance top electrode and waveform formation resistance between electrode by insulated pull rod, waveform formation electricity
Resistance by diversion rod under diversion rod, waveform formation resistance on waveform formation resistance respectively with the high-voltage end of high-voltage energy storage capacitor, put
The top electrode of electric switch is connected；On waveform formation resistance under diversion rod and waveform formation resistance top electrode, waveform formation resistance
Respectively with top nut, the high-voltage end of lower nut and high-voltage energy storage capacitor, electric discharge between electrode under diversion rod and waveform formation resistance
The top electrode of switch 6 is connected.
Further, between the waveform formation resistance adjacent resistor piece insulation board with a thickness of 0.2-0.5mm, or insulation
Plate uses the insulating paper of 100 μ m-thicks.
Further, the discharge switch uses plate electrode, including top electrode, lower electrode and trigger electrode, trigger electrode
Be coaxially mounted in lower electrode and by being dielectrically separated from medium electrical isolation, discharge switch by diversion rod on discharge switch, put
Under electric switch diversion rod respectively with diversion rod, pulse current high-voltage output end phase under the waveform formation resistance of waveform formation resistance
Even.
Further, discharge switch plate electrode edge is the fillet with certain curvature radius.
Further, the confined gas cavity air pressure is 1 × 105Pa to 5 × 105Pa。
Nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating device based on confined gas environment of the invention, including upper insulation method
Blue, lower insulating flange, insulation tube composition air pressure be greater than or equal to standard atmospheric pressure confined gas cavity, by storage capacitor,
Waveform formation resistance, discharge switch be mounted on in closed gas environment, on the one hand make each element have good insulation
On the other hand voltage endurance can be further reduced the clearance distance of discharge switch, so that the inductance of discharge switch further subtracts
It is few；Simultaneously as electric discharge is in the same closed gas environment, waveform formation capacitor, resistance and discharge switch compact can pacify
Dress, the line distance between the clearance distance and storage capacitor of discharge switch, waveform formation resistance, discharge switch, can make
Circuit wiring inductance is reduced, and efficiently generates the Impulsive Current wave of nanosecond rise time.
Storage capacitor storage capacitor with high withstanding voltage made of multiple capacitor cells concatenation, and multiple capacitors
Unit grouping with " doubling of S " type, cyclic annular stacking mode assembled so that in pulsed discharge, in two adjacent groups capacitor cell
The current direction flowed through is on the contrary, so that the equivalent inductance amount of entire storage capacitor is small.
Further, waveform formation resistance by reduce the thickness of insulation board between adjacent resistor piece to 0.2-0.5mm or
With the insulating paper of 100 μ m-thicks, when so that Impulsive Current flowing through, equal, the direction phase by the size of current of adjacent amount resistor disc
Anti- and distance is extremely close, and the mutual inductance between adjacent resistor piece can offset the self-induction of resistor disc itself, so that waveform formation resistance has
There is extremely low inductance；The depth of groove of insulation board is increased simultaneously, and the width for increasing insulation board makes resistor disc and insulation board edge
The methods of distance, the withstanding voltage ability of waveform formation resistance can be greatly improved, being formed has low residual induction and high
Waveform formation resistance.
Further, discharge switch is all the fillet with certain curvature radius using plate electrode and edge, so that electric discharge
Switch ends have uniform electric field, most due to the small path for making pulse current flow through discharge switch electrode of electrode longitudinal size
It is short, so that the equivalent inductance amount of discharge switch be made to reduce as far as possible.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is aircraft thunder and lightning environment lightning current H component waveform figure
Fig. 2 is the RLC generating loop schematic diagram of nanosecond pulse electric current of the present invention
Fig. 3 is nanosecond pulse current discharge electrical block diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the low sense storage capacitor of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of waveform formation resistance of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of discharge switch of the present invention
In figure: insulating flange, 3- insulation tube, 4- storage capacitor, 5- waveform formation resistance, 6- under the upper insulating flange of 1-, 2-
Discharge switch, the first insulating sleeve of 7-, the second insulating sleeve of 8-, 9- third insulating sleeve, 10- high direct voltage charging end, 11- arteries and veins
It is exhausted to rush electrode, TE- trigger electrode, ID- under electric current high-voltage output end, 12- pulse current low-voltage output, E1- top electrode, E2-
Diversion rod, R1- waveform formation resistance top electrode, R2- under diversion rod, S2- discharge switch on edge spacer medium, S1- discharge switch
Diversion rod, R3- top nut, R4- insulated pull rod, R5- resistor disc, R6- insulation board, R7- waveform formation electricity on waveform formation resistance
Hinder diversion rod, R9- lower nut under lower electrode, R8- waveform formation resistance.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but not as to limit of the invention
It is fixed.
Referring to fig. 2, be nanosecond rise time of the invention pulse current generating loop schematic diagram.Including energy storage
Capacitor cell C, waveform adjustment inductance L, waveform adjust resistance R, electric discharge switch S.Below by taking lightning current H component as an example, for
The choosing method of bright loop parameter.
Lightning current H component meets following formula are as follows:
I (t)=I0(e-αt-e-βt), in which: I0=10,572A, α=187,191s-1, β=19,105,100s-1
Thus the wave front time T of lightning current H component is calculated1With half time to peak T2It is respectively as follows:
T1=138ns T2=4 μ s
Nanosecond rise time rlc circuit can produce lightning current H component waveform, and loop parameter selection is according to following step
It is rapid:
According to following formula (1):
In formula (1), C is storage capacitor capacity, and L is that waveform adjusts inductance, and R is that waveform adjusts resistance；U0For energy storage
The charging voltage at capacitor both ends either discharge voltage, T1For the wave front time of lightning current H component, imElectric current is exported for circuit
Peak value, ξ are the damped coefficient of Fig. 2 pulse current generating circuit；T1 *For the normalization coefficient of wave front time, im *It is normalized
Peak factor.
From formula (1) as can be seen that containing 4 unknown numbers in 3 equations, therefore, equation group (1) has infinite multiple groups
Solution.
It is assumed that in the case where the output of 10kA pulse current, pulse current occurs back under conditions of storage capacitor capacity
The size of the parameter on road and required charging voltage is shown in Table 1.
Table 1: the selection of lightning current H component loop parameter
It can be with the increase of loop inductance amount, the efficiency of circuit output is significantly improved, and therefore, how to reduce arteries and veins by table 1
The residual induction amount for rushing electric current generating loop is the key that the Impulsive Current of nanosecond rise time.
It is nanosecond pulse current discharge circuit structure of the present invention, Impulsive Current generating device packet of the invention referring to Fig. 3
Include: the air pressure that upper insulating flange 1, lower insulating flange 2, insulation tube 3 form is 1 × 105Pa to 5 × 105The confined gas chamber of Pa
Body is equipped with storage capacitor 4, waveform formation resistance 5 and discharge switch 6 in confined gas cavity, and storage capacitor 4 is by multiple low
The capacitor cell of pressure is composed in series, and the high-voltage end HC1 of storage capacitor 4 passes through the first insulating sleeve 7 and high direct voltage charging end 10
Electrical connection, the low-pressure end of DC power supply are connected with pulse current low-voltage output 12 and connect with reference to ground；The low pressure of storage capacitor 4
End LC1 is connected by third insulating sleeve 9 with pulse current low-voltage output 12；The high-voltage end HC1 and waveform shape of storage capacitor 4
It is connected at the upper end of resistance 5, the lower end of waveform formation resistance 5 is connected with the top electrode of discharge switch 6, the lower electricity of discharge switch 6
Pole pulse current high-voltage output end 11 is drawn by the second insulating sleeve 8.
Referring to fig. 4, storage capacitor 4 of the invention concatenates to form the energy storage with high withstanding voltage using multiple capacitor cells
One group of composition can be connected in series in capacitor, every 2 or 3 capacitor cells, and multiple groups capacitor, which joins end to end, to be connect and be grouped " S " type doubling
Ring style assembled, in pulse current discharging, the pulse current magnitude flowed through in two adjacent groups capacitor cell is equal
And it is contrary, the mutual inductance that such two adjacent groups storage capacitor branch is formed can almost cancel out each other with the inductance of itself, because
And make entire storage capacitor have very high insulation withstanding voltage but equivalent inductance amount it is small, made of capacitor cell tandem compound
High-voltage end HC1, the low-pressure end LC1 of high-voltage energy storage capacitor pass through bushing 7 respectively and bushing 9 connects high voltage direct current charging
The high-voltage end and low-pressure end of power supply.
Referring to Fig. 5, waveform formation resistance 5 of the invention is laminated by multi-disc resistor disc R5 and the interval insulation board R6, electricity
Resistance piece R5 and insulation board R6 is fixedly mounted under waveform formation resistance top electrode R1 and waveform formation resistance by insulated pull rod R4
Between electrode R7, waveform formation resistance 5 is distinguished by diversion rod R8 under diversion rod R2, waveform formation resistance on waveform formation resistance
It is connected with the top electrode of the high-voltage end HC1 of high-voltage energy storage capacitor, discharge switch 6；Diversion rod R2 and wave on waveform formation resistance
Shape forms resistance top electrode R1, uses spiral shell respectively between electrode R7 under diversion rod R8 and waveform formation resistance under waveform formation resistance
Female R3, lower nut R9 are connected with the top electrode of the high-voltage end HC1 of high-voltage energy storage capacitor, discharge switch 6；Adjacent resistor piece R5 it
Between insulation board R6 thickness D1 be 0.2-0.5mm or the insulating paper with 100 μ m-thicks, increase the depth of groove D2 of insulation board, increasing
The methods of add the width of insulation board to make at a distance from the edge resistor disc R5 and insulation board R6, greatly improve the tolerance of waveform formation resistance
Voltage capability.Since insulation board R6 is very thin, when so that Impulsive Current flowing through, pass through the size of current phase of adjacent amount resistor disc R5
Deng, it is contrary and distance it is extremely close, the mutual inductance between adjacent resistor piece can offset the self-induction of resistor disc itself, so that wave
Shape, which forms resistance, has extremely low inductance.
Referring to Fig. 6, discharge switch 6 of the invention uses the structure type of plate electrode, including top electrode E1, lower electrode E2
It is coaxially mounted in lower electrode E2 with trigger electrode TE, trigger electrode TE, and by being dielectrically separated from media ID electrical isolation, discharges
Switch 6 is electric with the waveform formation of waveform formation resistance 5 respectively by diversion rod S2 under diversion rod S1, discharge switch on discharge switch
Hinder lower diversion rod R8, pulse current high-voltage output end 11 is connected；In order to reduce the corona discharge phenomenon in charging process, electric discharge is opened
The plate electrode edge for closing 6 is all the rounded structure with certain curvature radius, so that discharge switch both ends have uniform electricity
, and due to the discharge path much shorter of the relatively round sphere pole of the axial distance of plate electrode, so that pulse current flows through
The path of switch electrode is most short, i.e. the equivalent inductance amount of discharge switch is minimum.
The present invention is based on the nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating devices of confined gas environment, by storage capacitor, wave
Shape forms resistance, discharge switch and is mounted on in closed gas environment, and gaseous environment pressure is greater than or equal to atmospheric environment
Air pressure, on the one hand make each element have good insulation voltage endurance, on the other hand, discharge switch can be further reduced
Clearance distance so that the inductance of discharge switch is further reduced；Simultaneously as discharge in the same closed gas environment,
Waveform formation capacitor, resistance and discharge switch compact can be installed, and the wiring inductance of discharge loop can be made to be further reduced,
The Impulsive Current generating device of nanosecond rise time may be implemented.
Finally it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention rather than its limitations, to the greatest extent
Pipe is described the invention in detail referring to above-described embodiment, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still may be used
With modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to specific embodiments of the invention, and repaired without departing from any of spirit and scope of the invention
Change or equivalent replacement, should all cover in present claims range.
Claims (6)
1. the nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating device based on confined gas environment, it is characterised in that: including upper insulation
The air pressure of flange (1), lower insulating flange (2), insulation tube (3) composition is greater than or equal to the confined gas cavity of standard atmospheric pressure,
Storage capacitor (4), waveform formation resistance (5) and discharge switch (6), storage capacitor high-voltage end are installed in confined gas cavity
(HC1) it passes through the first insulating sleeve (7) and high direct voltage charging end (10) to be electrically connected, the low-pressure end of DC power supply and pulse electricity
Stream low-voltage output (12) is connected and connects with reference to ground；Storage capacitor low-pressure end (LC1) passes through third insulating sleeve (9) and pulse electricity
Low-voltage output (12) are flowed to be connected；Storage capacitor high-voltage end (HC1) is connected with the upper end of waveform formation resistance (5), waveform formation
The lower end of resistance (5) is connected with the top electrode of discharge switch (6), and the lower electrode of discharge switch (6) passes through the second insulating sleeve (8)
It draws pulse current high-voltage output end (11)；
The storage capacitor (4) is composed in series by multiple groups low-voltage capacitance unit group, multiple groups capacitor join end to end connect and at " S " type into
Row assembling, in pulse current discharging, the pulse current magnitude equal direction flowed through in two adjacent groups capacitor cell group is opposite.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the waveform formation resistance (5) is by multi-disc resistor disc (R5)
It is laminated with the interval insulation board (R6), resistor disc (R5) and insulation board (R6) pass through insulated pull rod (R4) and be fixedly mounted on waveform
It is formed under resistance top electrode (R1) and waveform formation resistance between electrode (R7), waveform formation resistance (5) passes through waveform formation electricity
Diversion rod (R8) is opened with the high-voltage end of high-voltage energy storage capacitor (HC1), electric discharge respectively under diversion rod (R2), waveform formation resistance in resistance
The top electrode for closing (6) is connected；Diversion rod (R2) and waveform formation resistance top electrode (R1), waveform formation on waveform formation resistance
Under resistance under diversion rod (R8) and waveform formation resistance between electrode (R7) respectively with top nut (R3), lower nut (R9) and high pressure
The high-voltage end (HC1) of storage capacitor, the top electrode of discharge switch 6 are connected.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, it is characterised in that: waveform formation resistance (5) the adjacent resistor piece (R5) it
Between insulation board (R6) the insulating paper that 100 μ m-thicks are used with a thickness of 0.2-0.5mm or insulation board (R6).
4. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the discharge switch (6) uses plate electrode, including powers on
Pole (E1), lower electrode (E2) and trigger electrode (TE), trigger electrode (TE) are coaxially mounted in lower electrode (E2) and pass through insulation
Spacer medium (ID) electrical isolation, discharge switch (6) pass through diversion rod (S2) under diversion rod (S1), discharge switch on discharge switch
It is connected respectively with diversion rod (R8), pulse current high-voltage output end (11) under the waveform formation resistance of waveform formation resistance (5).
5. device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: discharge switch (6) the plate electrode edge is with one
Determine the fillet of radius of curvature.
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the confined gas cavity air pressure is 1 × 105Pa to 5 ×
105Pa。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811487923.9A CN109617447B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Nanosecond rise time strong pulse current generating device based on gas closed environment |
| PCT/CN2019/110583 WO2020114081A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2019-10-31 | Gas-tight environment-based high pulse current generation device having nanosecond-scale rise time |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811487923.9A CN109617447B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Nanosecond rise time strong pulse current generating device based on gas closed environment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109617447A true CN109617447A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
| CN109617447B CN109617447B (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| WO (1) | WO2020114081A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020114081A1 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | Gas-tight environment-based high pulse current generation device having nanosecond-scale rise time |
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| JPS58170383A (en) * | 1982-03-30 | 1983-10-06 | Nichicon Capacitor Ltd | Large impact current generator |
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| CN203104331U (en) * | 2012-12-22 | 2013-07-31 | 复旦大学 | Self-triggering induction cavity and capacitive voltage division-type self-triggering linear voltage transformation drive source |
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| RU2374762C1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2009-11-27 | Дмитрий Владленович Третьяков | Impulse voltage generator |
| CN109617447B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-26 | 西安交通大学 | Nanosecond rise time strong pulse current generating device based on gas closed environment |
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2018
- 2018-12-06 CN CN201811487923.9A patent/CN109617447B/en active Active
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2019
- 2019-10-31 WO PCT/CN2019/110583 patent/WO2020114081A1/en active Application Filing
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| WO2020114081A1 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | Gas-tight environment-based high pulse current generation device having nanosecond-scale rise time |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109617447B (en) | 2020-06-26 |
| WO2020114081A1 (en) | 2020-06-11 |
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