CN101051577A - High energy vacuum CROWBAR switch based on high permitivity planar flashover - Google Patents
High energy vacuum CROWBAR switch based on high permitivity planar flashover Download PDFInfo
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- CN101051577A CN101051577A CN 200710017400 CN200710017400A CN101051577A CN 101051577 A CN101051577 A CN 101051577A CN 200710017400 CN200710017400 CN 200710017400 CN 200710017400 A CN200710017400 A CN 200710017400A CN 101051577 A CN101051577 A CN 101051577A
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Abstract
The CROWBAR switch includes the insulation shell body as well as up electrode and low electrode inside the shell body. The up and low electrodes constitute main discharging gap. Pressure inside the airtight shell is 10-2 -- 10-5 Pa. At least one of up and low electrodes is movable electrode. Dielectric material flashing over along surface with trigger electrode being inlaid is setup inside the fixed electrode, or movable electrode, or fixed on one side of the fixed electrode. Discharging gap along surface is constituted between the trigger electrode and the said dielectric material. When the trigger electrode is inlaid on one side of the fixed electrode, insulating material insulates between the trigger electrode and end flange. In vacuum condition and action of trigger pulse, the invention possesses strong capability of releasing charges, very wide voltage working range, high withstanding voltage, very small working voltage, and larger discharge capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the CROWBAR switch of technical fields such as a kind of Pulse Power Techniques, nuclear fusion technology and superlaser, particularly a kind of high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing.
Background technology
Discharge switch of high-energy impulse is one of Primary Component commonly used in Pulse Power Techniques, nuclear fusion and the superlaser technology, the domestic discharge switch that is used for Pulse Power Techniques, its charge transfer quantity is generally about 0.2 coulomb, in the external Pulse Power Techniques research, the single charge transfer quantity of discharge switch has reached 1 coulomb.Along with the development of strong electromagnetic pulse technology such as Pulse Power Techniques, the high energy pulse generating means will be brought into play more and more big effect, and single is also increasing gradually by the quantity of electric charge transfer amount and the pulse energy of discharge switch.In Pulse Power Techniques, single reaches more than 1 coulomb by the charge transfer quantity of discharge switch; And being used for the discharge switch that nuclear explosion effect simulation is studied, the single charge transfer quantity is up to up to a hundred coulombs.
High energy CROWBAR pulsed discharge switch is in Pulse Power Techniques, nuclear fusion and superlaser technology, generally be applied in the occasion that has inductance element to exist in capacitance energy storage and the discharge loop again, CROWBAR pulsed discharge switch plays and prolongs energy-storage travelling wave tube in the loop discharges time from electric charge to load.This effect of CROWBAR discharge switch determines the operating characteristic that it is indispensable: (1) operating voltage height, operating current is big, promptly requires the CROWBAR discharge switch to have very high withstand voltage and through-current capability.(2) wide working range, ideally working range is 0～100%, promptly requires switch having very high withstand voltage and low-down operating voltage; (3) long working life.And the CROWBAR discharge switch that uses at present is difficult to satisfy simultaneously above job requirement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of and be operated in the vacuum environment, had high withstand voltage, bigger discharge capacity, long useful life, wide operating voltage range and the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing of less discharge time delay and shake.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise insulation shell and be arranged on insulation crust interior top electrode, bottom electrode, constitute main discharge gap between top electrode and the bottom electrode, top electrode and bottom electrode are arranged in the insulation crust by end flanges and end flanges, be characterized in, by insulation crust and the pressure that is arranged in the closed shell that the end flanges at insulation crust two ends constitutes be 10
-2～10
-5Pa, said top electrode and bottom electrode have at least one to be float electrode, in fixed electrode or float electrode or in a side of fixed electrode, offer the edge flashing dielectric substance of inlaying trigger electrode, constituted the creeping discharge gap between trigger electrode and the edge flashing dielectric substance, when trigger electrode was embedded in fixed electrode one side, trigger electrode and end flanges were isolated by insulating material.
Top electrode of the present invention is connected with end flanges by bellows, also is provided with the bellows shield cover between bellows and the top electrode; Insulation shell inwall around top electrode, bottom electrode and the trigger electrode is provided with metallic shield; The upper surface of edge flashing dielectric material and the surface of bottom electrode are at same horizontal plane or be lower than the surperficial 1mm～5mm of bottom electrode; The edge flashing dielectric substance is the T-shape structure, its central shaft has the circular hole that the column trigger electrode is installed, the inner surface of circular hole upper end is coated with metal level, the upper surface of edge flashing dielectric substance is the plane, its upper end lateral surface closely cooperates with following main electrode, constitutes the creeping discharge gap between edge flashing dielectric substance and the trigger electrode; The edge flashing dielectric substance is " V " type structure, its central shaft has the circular hole that the column trigger electrode is installed, the inner surface of circular hole upper end is coated with metal level, the upper surface of edge flashing dielectric substance is " V " type inclined-plane, its upper end lateral surface and main electrode closely cooperate, and constitute the creeping discharge gap between edge flashing dielectric substance and the trigger electrode; The surface of edge flashing dielectric substance offers annular groove, and the width of annular groove is tens to hundreds of μ m, and the degree of depth of groove is tens microns to several millimeters; The surface of edge flashing dielectric substance offers helicla flute, and the spiral fluted width is tens to hundreds of μ m, and the degree of depth of groove is tens microns to several millimeters; The edge flashing dielectric substance is the complex media or the semi-conducting material of the higher insulating material strontium titanates of dielectric constant, barium titanate series.
Owing to be provided with the edge flashing dielectric substance between top electrode of the present invention or bottom electrode and the trigger electrode, in vacuum environment, these edge flashing dielectric substances have extremely strong surface flashover characteristics, under the trigger impulse effect, has very strong electric charge releasability, thereby make vacuum C ROWBAR switch have the voltage power supply scope of non-constant width (near 100%), very high withstand voltage, minimum operating voltage and bigger discharge capacity, and have very little discharge time delay and shake; Thereby CROWBAR switch when work, high energy pulse electric arc reduces the ablation of trigger equipment, make switch have long useful life, job stability strengthens greatly, can be used as the CROWBAR switch of technical fields such as Pulse Power Techniques, nuclear fusion technology and superlaser.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is first kind of structural representation of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is second kind of structural representation of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is first kind of surface texture schematic diagram of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is second kind of surface texture schematic diagram of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structural principle of the present invention and operation principle are described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, embodiment 1, present embodiment comprises insulation crust 11 and the top electrode 1, the bottom electrode 2 that are arranged in the insulation crust 11, constitute main discharge gap 5 between top electrode 1 and the bottom electrode 2, top electrode 1 and bottom electrode 2 are arranged in the insulation crust 11 by end flanges 9 and end flanges 10, and by insulation crust 11 and the pressure that is arranged in the closed shell that the end flanges 9,10 at insulation crust 11 two ends constitutes be 10
-2～10
-5Pa, top electrode 1 is a float electrode, bottom electrode 2 is a fixed electrode, offers the edge flashing dielectric substance 4 of inlaying column trigger electrode 3 in bottom electrode 2, has constituted creeping discharge gap 12 between column trigger electrode 3 and the edge flashing dielectric substance 4.The surface of the upper surface of edge flashing dielectric material 4 and bottom electrode 2 is at same horizontal plane or be lower than the surperficial 1mm～5mm of bottom electrode 2.Top electrode 2 is connected with end flanges 9 by bellows 6, the upper end of bellows 6 also is provided with bellows shield cover 8, bellows shield cover 8 can prevent that metal vapor deposition is on bellows 6, influence the characteristic and the life-span of bellows 6, the inwall of the insulation crust 11 around top electrode 1, bottom electrode 2 and the trigger electrode 3 is provided with radome 7, radome 7 can prevent that metal vapor deposition is on insulation sealing shell 11, cause top electrode 1 and bottom electrode 2 short circuits, radome 7 can be used metal material, makes as oxygen-free copper.
Referring to Fig. 2, embodiment 2, and a side of the bottom electrode 2 of present embodiment offers the edge flashing dielectric substance 4 of inlaying column trigger electrode 3, isolate by insulating material 15 between column trigger electrode 3 and the end flanges 10.Other annexation is with embodiment 1.
Referring to Fig. 3, edge flashing dielectric substance 4 of the present invention is the T-shape structure, its central shaft has the circular hole 16 that trigger electrode 3 is installed, the inner surface of circular hole 16 upper ends is coated with metal level 17, as silver layer, so that trigger electrode 3 upper end solderings together, the upper surface of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 is the plane, its upper end lateral surface 18 closely cooperates together with bottom electrode 2, edge flashing dielectric substance 4 and and trigger electrode 3 between constituted creeping discharge gap 12.
Referring to Fig. 4, the structure of edge flashing dielectric substance is " V " type, its central shaft has circular hole 16, be used to install the trigger electrode 3 of CROWBAR switch, the last inner surface in hole is coated with metal layer 17, as silver layer, so that trigger electrode 3 upper end solderings together, the upper surface of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 is " V " type inclined-plane, and its upper end lateral surface 18 closely cooperates together with main electrode 2, constitutes creeping discharge gap 19 between edge flashing dielectric substance and the trigger electrode 3.
Referring to Fig. 5, the surface of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 offers annular groove 20, and the width of annular groove 20 is tens to hundreds of μ m, and the degree of depth of groove is tens microns to several millimeters.
Referring to Fig. 6, the surface of edge flashing dielectric substance 4 offers helicla flute 21, and the width of helicla flute 21 is tens to hundreds of μ m, and the degree of depth of groove is tens microns to several millimeters.
The outstanding feature that the present invention is different from existing CROWBAR switch is: adopt high vacuum as the CROWBAR switch, and in the triggering structure of CROWBAR switch, adopted the dielectric material of high-k to trigger material as edge flashing, this triggering material can comprise the complex media of various strontium titanates, barium titanate series and zinc oxide semi-conductor composite material etc., they have very strong electric charge emissivities under the effect of trigger impulse, required trigger impulse energy is little, has reduced the discharge time delay and the shake of CROWBAR switch; Trigger structure along the cannelure or the helicla flute that have the certain width and the degree of depth on the face triggering face, and triggering face is lower than the main electrode certain altitude, reduced hard pulse electric arc to triggering the ablation of structure, makes it have long useful life.In a word, high Jie's edge flashing vacuum C ROWBAR switch of the present invention has very high withstand voltage, bigger discharge capacity, the useful life of growing and the operating voltage range of non-constant width or the like advantage, can be used as the CROWBAR switch of occasions such as Pulse Power Techniques, nuclear fusion technology.
Claims (9)
1, based on the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch of height Jie edge flashing, comprise insulation shell [11] and be arranged on insulation crust [11] interior top electrode [1], bottom electrode [2], constitute main discharge gap [5] between top electrode [1] and the bottom electrode [2], top electrode 1 and bottom electrode [2] are arranged in the insulation crust [11] by end flanges [9] and end flanges [10], it is characterized in that: by insulation crust [11] and the pressure that is arranged in the closed shell that the end flanges [9], [10] at insulation crust [11] two ends constitute be 10
-2～10
-5Pa, said top electrode [1] and bottom electrode [2] have at least one to be float electrode, in fixed electrode or float electrode or in a side of fixed electrode, offer the edge flashing dielectric substance [4] of inlaying trigger electrode [3], constituted creeping discharge gap [12] between trigger electrode [3] and the edge flashing dielectric substance [4], when trigger electrode [3] was embedded in fixed electrode one side, trigger electrode [3] and end flanges [10] were isolated by insulating material [15].
2, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said top electrode [1] is connected with end flanges [9] by bellows [6], also is provided with bellows shield cover [8] between bellows [6] and the top electrode [1].
3, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: insulation shell [11] inwall around said top electrode [1], bottom electrode [2] and the trigger electrode [3] is provided with metallic shield [7].
4, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the surface of the upper surface of said edge flashing dielectric material [4] and bottom electrode [2] is at same horizontal plane or be lower than the surperficial 1mm～5mm of bottom electrode [2].
5, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said edge flashing dielectric substance [4] is the T-shape structure, its central shaft has the circular hole [16] that column trigger electrode [3] is installed, the inner surface of circular hole [16] upper end is coated with metal level [17], the upper surface of edge flashing dielectric substance [4] is the plane, its upper end lateral surface [18] closely cooperates with following main electrode [2], constitutes creeping discharge gap [12] between edge flashing dielectric substance [4] and the trigger electrode [3].
6, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said edge flashing dielectric substance [4] is " V " type structure, its central shaft has the circular hole [16] that column trigger electrode [3] is installed, the inner surface of circular hole [16] upper end is coated with metal level [17], the upper surface of edge flashing dielectric substance [4] is " V " type inclined-plane, its upper end lateral surface [18] closely cooperates with main electrode [2], constitutes creeping discharge gap [19] between edge flashing dielectric substance [4] and the trigger electrode [3].
7, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the surface of said edge flashing dielectric substance [4] offers annular groove [20], the width of annular groove [20] is tens to hundreds of μ m, and the degree of depth of groove is tens microns to several millimeters.
8, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the surface of said edge flashing dielectric substance [4] offers helicla flute [21], the width of helicla flute [21] is tens to hundreds of μ m, and the degree of depth of groove is tens microns to several millimeters.
9, the high energy vacuum C ROWBAR switch based on height Jie edge flashing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said edge flashing dielectric substance [4] is the higher insulating material strontium titanates of dielectric constant, the complex media or the semi-conducting material of barium titanate series.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100174003A CN100492573C (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2007-02-12 | High energy vacuum CROWBAR switch based on high permitivity planar flashover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100174003A CN100492573C (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2007-02-12 | High energy vacuum CROWBAR switch based on high permitivity planar flashover |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101051577A true CN101051577A (en) | 2007-10-10 |
| CN100492573C CN100492573C (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100174003A Expired - Fee Related CN100492573C (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2007-02-12 | High energy vacuum CROWBAR switch based on high permitivity planar flashover |
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| CN102394472A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-28 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Single main gap of spark gap |
| CN102522698A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-06-27 | 西安交通大学 | Rodlike three-electrode high-energy pulse discharge switch under vacuum environment |
| CN103296579A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 华中科技大学 | Surface-breakdown-type vacuum switch trigger electrode |
| CN103460325A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2013-12-18 | 西门子公司 | Vacuum interrupter and switch pole |
| CN104218451A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-17 | 国家电网公司 | Compound electrode for discharge gap device |
| CN104682200A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-03 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | Vacuum spark relay |
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- 2007-02-12 CN CNB2007100174003A patent/CN100492573C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102394472B (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-11-13 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Single main gap of spark gap |
| CN102394472A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-28 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Single main gap of spark gap |
| CN102522698A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-06-27 | 西安交通大学 | Rodlike three-electrode high-energy pulse discharge switch under vacuum environment |
| CN102522698B (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | Rodlike three-electrode high-energy pulse discharge switch under vacuum environment |
| CN103296579A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 华中科技大学 | Surface-breakdown-type vacuum switch trigger electrode |
| CN104218451A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-17 | 国家电网公司 | Compound electrode for discharge gap device |
| CN104218451B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-09-01 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of compound electrode of discharging gap apparatus |
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| CN104682200A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-03 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | Vacuum spark relay |
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| CN106328433A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | Vacuum trigger switch and control method thereof |
| CN106328433B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-09-07 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | A kind of Triggered Vacuum Switch and its control method |
| CN110556710A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-10 | 平高集团有限公司 | Vacuum discharge tube and lightning arrester using same |
| CN109617447A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-12 | 西安交通大学 | Nanosecond rise time Impulsive Current generating device based on confined gas environment |
| CN109743042A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-05-10 | 西安交通大学 | There is the Impulsive Current generating device of low equivalent inductance based on vacuum tightness environment |
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Granted publication date: 20090527 Termination date: 20130212 |