CN109617041B - Energy management and control device of photovoltaic energy storage system - Google Patents

Energy management and control device of photovoltaic energy storage system Download PDF

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CN109617041B
CN109617041B CN201910130782.3A CN201910130782A CN109617041B CN 109617041 B CN109617041 B CN 109617041B CN 201910130782 A CN201910130782 A CN 201910130782A CN 109617041 B CN109617041 B CN 109617041B
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CN109617041A (en
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田庆新
周国华
冷敏瑞
张小兵
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
    • H02J1/10Parallel operation of DC sources
    • H02J1/12Parallel operation of DC generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光伏储能系统的能量管理与控制装置,包括双输入双输出变换器和控制电路;双输入双输出变换器由双管Buck‑Boost变换器衍生,双管Buck‑Boost变换器的输入端与光伏组件连接,输出端与负载连接。同时,为了克服光伏组件的输出功率存在波动的特点,在双管Buck‑Boost变换器的输入侧与输出侧分别增加一条支路,并连接至储能单元,其中,输入侧的支路控制储能单元放电,输出侧的支路控制储能单元充电。控制电路包括MPPT控制单元、误差放大器EA、第一比较器CMP1、第二比较器CMP2、脉冲调制单元、多路选择单元和模式切换控制单元。本发明结构简单、成本低廉、功率密度高、系统效率高并且能够同时实现光伏组件的最大功率点跟踪控制和负载的输出恒压控制。

The invention discloses an energy management and control device for a photovoltaic energy storage system, which includes a dual-input dual-output converter and a control circuit; the dual-input dual-output converter is derived from a dual-tube Buck-Boost converter, and the dual-tube Buck-Boost converter The input end of the converter is connected to the photovoltaic module, and the output end is connected to the load. At the same time, in order to overcome the fluctuation characteristics of the output power of photovoltaic modules, a branch is added to the input side and output side of the double-tube Buck‑Boost converter and connected to the energy storage unit. The branch on the input side controls the storage unit. The energy unit discharges, and the branch on the output side controls the charging of the energy storage unit. The control circuit includes an MPPT control unit, an error amplifier EA, a first comparator CMP1, a second comparator CMP2, a pulse modulation unit, a multiplex selection unit and a mode switching control unit. The invention has simple structure, low cost, high power density and high system efficiency, and can simultaneously realize the maximum power point tracking control of the photovoltaic component and the output constant voltage control of the load.

Description

一种光伏储能系统的能量管理与控制装置An energy management and control device for photovoltaic energy storage systems

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及光伏储能系统技术领域,特别是一种光伏储能系统的能量管理与控制装置。The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage systems, in particular to an energy management and control device for a photovoltaic energy storage system.

背景技术Background technique

近年来,随着环境污染和能源危机问题的加剧,以太阳能为代表的新能源发电技术成为研究热点。由于光伏(Photovoltaic,PV)阵列的输出特性与光照、温度等环境因素密切相关,不同环境条件下光伏阵列的输出特性具有随机性和波动性,因此,在独立光伏发电系统中必须配备储能单元来存储和调节电能,以满足用电负载对供电连续性和稳定性的要求。传统的光伏储能系统需要一个单向DC-DC变换器与光伏阵列连接并实现最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)控制,一个单向DC-DC变换器为负载提供稳定的输出,同时需要一个双向DC-DC变换器与储能单元连接,来平衡负载与光伏阵列之间的功率平衡。这导致传统光伏储能系统的体积和成本较大,控制相对复杂,难以实现集中式控制。采用多端口变换器代替多个单输入单输出变换器,能够极大地减小系统的成本和提高系统的功率密度,且能够实现集中式控制,控制电路设计更加灵活,引起了研究者的广泛关注。研究者提出了一系列多端口变换器拓扑,主要分为隔离型和非隔离性,隔离型多端口变换器主要由半桥变换器、全桥变换器衍生,其特点是功率等级高、能实现电气隔离等,非隔离型多端口变换器一般由基本的Buck、Boost、Buck-Boost变换器衍生,相比于隔离型多端口变换器,非隔离型多端口变换器具有更高的功率密度,且设计更简单。然而,现有的非隔离型多端口变换器一般都包括多个电感,系统体积大,无法实现分时控制。In recent years, with the intensification of environmental pollution and energy crisis, new energy power generation technology represented by solar energy has become a research hotspot. Since the output characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) arrays are closely related to environmental factors such as light and temperature, the output characteristics of photovoltaic arrays are random and volatile under different environmental conditions. Therefore, independent photovoltaic power generation systems must be equipped with energy storage units. To store and regulate electrical energy to meet the requirements of electrical loads for power supply continuity and stability. Traditional photovoltaic energy storage systems require a unidirectional DC-DC converter to connect to the photovoltaic array and achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control. A unidirectional DC-DC converter provides stable output for the load. At the same time, a bidirectional DC-DC converter is required to connect to the energy storage unit to balance the power balance between the load and the photovoltaic array. This results in the traditional photovoltaic energy storage system being large in size and cost, and relatively complex in control, making it difficult to achieve centralized control. The use of multi-port converters instead of multiple single-input single-output converters can greatly reduce the cost of the system and improve the power density of the system. It can also achieve centralized control and make the control circuit design more flexible, which has attracted widespread attention from researchers. . Researchers have proposed a series of multi-port converter topologies, which are mainly divided into isolated and non-isolated. Isolated multi-port converters are mainly derived from half-bridge converters and full-bridge converters. They are characterized by high power levels and the ability to achieve Electrical isolation, etc. Non-isolated multi-port converters are generally derived from basic Buck, Boost, and Buck-Boost converters. Compared with isolated multi-port converters, non-isolated multi-port converters have higher power density. And the design is simpler. However, existing non-isolated multi-port converters generally include multiple inductors, making the system bulky and unable to achieve time-sharing control.

对基于多端口变换器的独立光伏储能系统的端口间能量管理和控制是保证整个系统稳定运行的关键,现有的控制方法主要包括两种类型。一种是采用多环路竞争机制实现对系统的控制和能量管理,这种方法无法同时实现光伏组件的最大功率输出和负载电压的恒定。另一种方法是采用电压型集中式控制,其原理是通过复杂的调制实现系统的能量管理与控制,这种方法设计复杂,且系统的调节范围较窄,无法适用于输入或负载剧烈变化的场合。Inter-port energy management and control of independent photovoltaic energy storage systems based on multi-port converters are key to ensuring the stable operation of the entire system. Existing control methods mainly include two types. One is to use a multi-loop competition mechanism to realize system control and energy management. This method cannot achieve the maximum power output of photovoltaic modules and the constant load voltage at the same time. Another method is to use voltage-type centralized control. The principle is to achieve system energy management and control through complex modulation. This method is complex in design and has a narrow system adjustment range, which cannot be applied to drastic changes in input or load. occasion.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种光伏储能系统的能量管理与控制装置。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy management and control device for a photovoltaic energy storage system.

实现本发明目的的技术方案如下:The technical solutions to achieve the purpose of the present invention are as follows:

一种光伏储能系统的能量管理与控制装置,包括双输入双输出变换器和控制电路;An energy management and control device for a photovoltaic energy storage system, including a dual-input dual-output converter and a control circuit;

双输入双输出变换器包括双管Buck-Boost变换器,其Buck端开关管为S1,Boost端开关管为S2,负载端开关管为S3;双管Buck-Boost变换器的输入端和输出端分别连接至所述光伏储能系统的光伏组件PV和负载R;双输入双输出变换器还包括输出侧支路和输入侧支路;输出侧支路包括二极管D3和开关管S4,D3的正极连接至S2的漏极,D3的负极连接至S4的漏极,S4的源极连接至所述光伏储能系统的储能单元的正极;输入侧支路包括二极管D4和开关管S5,D4的负极连接至S1的源极,D4的正极连接至S5的源极,S5的漏极连接至所述光伏储能系统的储能单元的正极;储能单元的负极连接至S2的源极;The dual-input dual-output converter includes a dual-tube Buck-Boost converter, the buck-side switch tube is S 1 , the boost-side switch tube is S 2 , and the load-side switch tube is S 3 ; the input terminal of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter and the output end are respectively connected to the photovoltaic component PV and load R of the photovoltaic energy storage system; the dual-input dual-output converter also includes an output side branch and an input side branch; the output side branch includes a diode D 3 and a switch tube S 4. The positive electrode of D3 is connected to the drain of S2 , the negative electrode of D3 is connected to the drain of S4 , and the source of S4 is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage unit of the photovoltaic energy storage system; input side branch It includes a diode D 4 and a switching tube S 5 . The cathode of D 4 is connected to the source of S 1 , the anode of D 4 is connected to the source of S 5 , and the drain of S 5 is connected to the energy storage of the photovoltaic energy storage system. The positive electrode of the unit; the negative electrode of the energy storage unit is connected to the source of S 2 ;

所述控制电路包括MPPT控制单元、误差放大器EA、第一比较器CMP1、第二比较器CMP2、脉冲调制单元、多路选择单元和模式切换控制单元;The control circuit includes an MPPT control unit, an error amplifier EA, a first comparator CMP1, a second comparator CMP2, a pulse modulation unit, a multiplex selection unit and a mode switching control unit;

MPPT控制单元的输入端分别输入光伏组件PV的输出电压Vpv和输出电流Ipv,输出端连接至CMP1的一个输入端,CMP1的另一个输入端输入双管Buck-Boost变换器的电感电流iLThe input terminals of the MPPT control unit input the output voltage V pv and the output current I pv of the photovoltaic module PV respectively. The output terminal is connected to one input terminal of CMP1, and the other input terminal of CMP1 inputs the inductor current i of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter. L ;

误差放大器EA的输入端分别输入双管Buck-Boost变换器的输出电压Vo和电压参考值Vo_ref,输出端连接至CMP2的一个输入端,CMP2的另一个输入端输入双管Buck-Boost变换器的电感电流iLThe input terminal of the error amplifier EA inputs the output voltage V o and the voltage reference value Vo_ref of the dual-tube Buck-Boost converter respectively. The output terminal is connected to one input terminal of CMP2, and the other input terminal of CMP2 inputs the dual-tube Buck-Boost converter. The inductor current i L of the device;

脉冲调制单元包括SR触发器2#、SR触发器3#、SR触发器4#、逻辑异或门XOR1、逻辑异或门XOR2、逻辑非门NO1、逻辑非门NO2和逻辑非门NO3;多路选择单元包括两路选择器MUX1、两路选择器MUX2、两路选择器MUX3和两路选择器MUX4;The pulse modulation unit includes SR flip-flop 2#, SR flip-flop 3#, SR flip-flop 4#, logical XOR gate XOR1, logical XOR gate XOR2, logical NOT gate NO1, logical NOT gate NO2 and logical NOT gate NO3; more The channel selection unit includes a two-way selector MUX1, a two-way selector MUX2, a two-way selector MUX3 and a two-way selector MUX4;

CMP1的输出端c1分别与SR触发器2#和SR触发器3#的复位端连接;CMP2的输出端c2与SR触发器3#的置位端连接,且c2经NO2后与SR触发器4#的复位端连接;时钟信号clk分别与SR触发器2#和SR触发器4#的置位端连接;SR触发器2#的输出端Q连接至S1的栅极,同时,SR触发器2#的输出端Q连接至XOR1的一个输入端,SR触发器3#的输出端Q连接至XOR1的另一个输入端,XOR1的输出端连接至MUX1的第一路输入端,MUX1的第二路输入端连接至低电平,MUX1的输出端连接至S4的栅极;XOR1的输出经NO1连接至MUX2的第一路输入端,SR触发器4#的输出端Q经NO3连接至MUX2的第二路输入端,MUX2的输出端连接至S3的栅极;SR触发器2#的输出端Q连接至MUX3的第一路输入端,SR触发器4#的输出端Q连接至MUX3的第二路输入端,MUX3的输出连接至S2的栅极;SR触发器2#的输出端Q连接至XOR2的一个输入端,SR触发器4#的输出端Q连接至XOR2的另一个输入端,XOR2的输出端连接至MUX4的第二路输入端,MUX4的第一路输入端连接至低电平,MUX4的输出端连接至S5的栅极;The output terminal c 1 of CMP1 is connected to the reset terminal of SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 3# respectively; the output terminal c 2 of CMP2 is connected to the set terminal of SR flip-flop 3#, and c 2 is connected to SR after passing through NO2 The reset terminal of flip-flop 4# is connected; the clock signal clk is connected to the set terminal of SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 4# respectively; the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 2# is connected to the gate of S 1 , and at the same time, The output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 2# is connected to an input terminal of XOR1, the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 3# is connected to the other input terminal of XOR1, the output terminal of XOR1 is connected to the first input terminal of MUX1, MUX1 The second input terminal of is connected to low level, the output terminal of MUX1 is connected to the gate of S 4 ; the output of XOR1 is connected to the first input terminal of MUX2 via NO1, and the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 4# is connected via NO3 Connect to the second input terminal of MUX2, the output terminal of MUX2 is connected to the gate of S 3 ; the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 2# is connected to the first input terminal of MUX3, and the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 4# Connect to the second input of MUX3, the output of MUX3 is connected to the gate of S2 ; the output Q of SR flip-flop 2# is connected to an input of XOR2, and the output Q of SR flip-flop 4# is connected to XOR2 The other input terminal of XOR2 is connected to the second input terminal of MUX4, the first input terminal of MUX4 is connected to low level, and the output terminal of MUX4 is connected to the gate of S 5 ;

模式切换控制单元包括减法器SUB、比较器CMP3、比较器CMP4和SR触发器1#;SUB的输入端分别输入双管Buck-Boost变换器的输出电压Vo和电压参考值Vo_ref,输出端分别与CMP3和CMP4的一个输入端连接,CMP3的另一个输入端输入预设的电压阈值ΔV,CMP4的另一个输入端输入预设的电压阈值-ΔV,CMP3和CMP4的输出端分别与SR触发器1#的复位端和置位端连接,SR触发器1#的输出端Q同时连接至MUX1、MUX2、MUX3和MUX4的选择端。The mode switching control unit includes subtractor SUB, comparator CMP3, comparator CMP4 and SR flip-flop 1#; the input terminal of SUB inputs the output voltage Vo and voltage reference value Vo_ref of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter respectively, and the output terminal Connect to one input terminal of CMP3 and CMP4 respectively, the other input terminal of CMP3 inputs the preset voltage threshold ΔV, the other input terminal of CMP4 inputs the preset voltage threshold value -ΔV, and the output terminals of CMP3 and CMP4 are respectively triggered by SR The reset terminal and set terminal of SR flip-flop 1# are connected, and the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 1# is connected to the selection terminals of MUX1, MUX2, MUX3 and MUX4 at the same time.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1.具有结构简单、成本低廉、功率密度高、系统效率高以及能够实现集中式控制的优势。1. It has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high power density, high system efficiency and the ability to achieve centralized control.

2.能够同时实现光伏组件的最大功率点跟踪控制和负载的输出恒压控制,且控制原理更简单,设计更灵活,易于推广至其它类似结构的系统中。2. It can simultaneously realize the maximum power point tracking control of photovoltaic modules and the output constant voltage control of the load. The control principle is simpler, the design is more flexible, and it is easy to be extended to other systems with similar structures.

3.能够适应光伏功率突变、负载功率突变等极端情况,保证了系统的可靠性和稳定运行。3. It can adapt to extreme situations such as photovoltaic power mutation and load power mutation, ensuring the reliability and stable operation of the system.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是光伏储能系统的能量管理与控制装置的结构图;Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the energy management and control device of the photovoltaic energy storage system;

图2是双输入双输出变换器原理图;Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of a dual-input dual-output converter;

图3(a)、图3(b)分别是双输入双输出变换器在双输出模式的等效电路及稳态波形;Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(b) are respectively the equivalent circuit and steady-state waveform of the dual-input dual-output converter in dual-output mode;

图4(a)、图4(b)分别是双输入双输出变换器在双输入模式的等效电路及稳态波形;Figure 4(a) and Figure 4(b) are respectively the equivalent circuit and steady-state waveform of the dual-input dual-output converter in dual-input mode;

图5是控制电路的模式切换控制单元原理图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the mode switching control unit of the control circuit;

图6是控制电路的脉冲调制单元和多路选择单元的原理图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the pulse modulation unit and multiplex selection unit of the control circuit;

图7是系统运行于双输出模式时的仿真波形;其中,图7(a)为系统的稳态仿真波形,图7(b)为在双输出模式下负载突变时的系统瞬态仿真波形;Figure 7 is the simulation waveform when the system is running in dual output mode; Figure 7(a) is the steady-state simulation waveform of the system, and Figure 7(b) is the system transient simulation waveform when the load changes suddenly in dual output mode;

图8是系统由于光伏功率减小,运行模式从双输出模式切换至双输入模式时的瞬态仿真波形;Figure 8 is the transient simulation waveform when the system’s operating mode switches from dual output mode to dual input mode due to the reduction of photovoltaic power;

图9是系统运行于双输入模式时的仿真波形;其中,图9(a)为系统的稳态仿真波形,图9(b)为在双输入模式下负载突变时的系统瞬态仿真波形;Figure 9 is the simulation waveform when the system is running in dual-input mode; Figure 9(a) is the steady-state simulation waveform of the system, and Figure 9(b) is the system transient simulation waveform when the load changes suddenly in dual-input mode;

图10是系统由于光伏功率增加,运行模式从双输入模式切换至双输出模式时的瞬态仿真波形。Figure 10 shows the transient simulation waveform of the system when the operating mode switches from dual input mode to dual output mode due to the increase in photovoltaic power.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

图1示出,系统包括主功率电路和控制电路,主功率电路由双输入双输出变换器以及与其连接的光伏组件、储能单元、负载单元组成。控制电路由MPPT控制单元、误差放大器EA,第一比较器CMP1、第二比较器CMP2、脉冲调制单元、模式切换控制单元和多路选择单元组成。光伏组件的输出电压Vpv和输出电流Ipv作为MPPT控制单元的输入信号,MPPT控制单元的输出连接CMP1的一个输入端,电感电流iL连接至CMP1的另一个输入端,误差放大器EA的输出连接CMP2的一个输入端,电感电流iL连接至CMP2的另一个输入端,CMP1的输出、CMP2的输出和时钟信号clk均送至脉冲调制单元,脉冲调制单元的输出作为多路选择单元的输入,多路选择单元的输出控制双输入双输出变换器中的开关管。输出电压Vo与参考电压Vo_ref作为模式切换控制单元的输入,模式切换控制单元的输出作为多路选择单元的选择信号连接至多路选择单元。Figure 1 shows that the system includes a main power circuit and a control circuit. The main power circuit consists of a dual-input dual-output converter and photovoltaic components, energy storage units, and load units connected to it. The control circuit consists of an MPPT control unit, an error amplifier EA, a first comparator CMP1, a second comparator CMP2, a pulse modulation unit, a mode switching control unit and a multiplex selection unit. The output voltage V pv and output current I pv of the photovoltaic module are used as input signals of the MPPT control unit. The output of the MPPT control unit is connected to one input terminal of CMP1, the inductor current i L is connected to the other input terminal of CMP1, and the output of the error amplifier EA Connect one input terminal of CMP2, the inductor current i L is connected to the other input terminal of CMP2, the output of CMP1, the output of CMP2 and the clock signal clk are all sent to the pulse modulation unit, and the output of the pulse modulation unit is used as the input of the multiplex selection unit , the output of the multiplex selection unit controls the switching tube in the dual-input dual-output converter. The output voltage Vo and the reference voltage Vo_ref are used as inputs of the mode switching control unit, and the output of the mode switching control unit is connected to the multiplexing unit as a selection signal of the multiplexing unit.

图2示出双输入双输出变换器原理图,包括光伏组件PV、储能单元、负载单元R、光伏组件接入二极管D1、输入滤波电容Cin、Buck端开关管S1、Boost端开关管S2、储能电感L、负载支路开关管S3、储能单元充电支路二极管D3、储能单元充电支路开关管S4、储能单元放电支路二极管S5、输出端滤波电容CoutFigure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the dual-input dual-output converter, including the photovoltaic module PV, energy storage unit, load unit R, photovoltaic module access diode D 1 , input filter capacitor C in , Buck end switch S 1 , Boost end switch Tube S 2 , energy storage inductor L, load branch switch tube S 3 , energy storage unit charging branch diode D 3 , energy storage unit charging branch switch tube S 4 , energy storage unit discharge branch diode S 5 , output terminal Filter capacitor C out .

双输入双输出变换器由双管Buck-Boost变换器衍生,双管Buck-Boost变换器的输入端与光伏组件连接,输出端与负载连接。同时,为了克服光伏组件的输出功率存在波动的特点,在双管Buck-Boost变换器的输入侧与输出侧分别增加一条支路,并连接至储能单元,其中,输入侧的支路控制储能单元放电,输出侧的支路控制储能单元充电。The dual-input dual-output converter is derived from the dual-tube Buck-Boost converter. The input end of the dual-tube Buck-Boost converter is connected to the photovoltaic module and the output end is connected to the load. At the same time, in order to overcome the fluctuation characteristics of the output power of photovoltaic modules, a branch is added to the input side and output side of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter and connected to the energy storage unit. The branch on the input side controls the storage unit. The energy unit discharges, and the branch on the output side controls the charging of the energy storage unit.

为了实现光伏组件和负载之间的能量平衡,根据光伏组件的最大输出功率与负载需求的功率的大小关系,将系统的运行模式分为双输出模式和双输入模式。在双输出模式,光伏组件的最大输出功率大于负载需求的功率(Pmax>Po),光伏组件所产生的多余功率流向储能单元,为储能单元充电;在双输入模式,光伏组件的最大输出功率小于负载需求的功率(Pmax<Po),光伏组件的输出功率无法满足负载需求,储能单元通过放电提供不足的功率,从而保证负载的正常工作。In order to achieve energy balance between photovoltaic modules and loads, the operating mode of the system is divided into dual output mode and dual input mode according to the relationship between the maximum output power of photovoltaic modules and the power required by the load. In the dual output mode, the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module is greater than the power required by the load (P max >P o ), and the excess power generated by the photovoltaic module flows to the energy storage unit to charge the energy storage unit; in the dual input mode, the photovoltaic module When the maximum output power is less than the power required by the load (P max <P o ), the output power of the photovoltaic module cannot meet the load demand, and the energy storage unit provides insufficient power through discharge to ensure the normal operation of the load.

图3示出双输入双输出变换器在双输出模式的等效电路和稳态波形,在一个开关周期内,系统包括三个开关状态,第一个开关状态是指开关管S1和S2导通,光伏组件通过二极管D1向电感L充电,电感电流上升;第二个开关状态是指开关管S1和S2关断,开关管S3导通,电感L通过二极管D2向负载放电,电感电流下降;第三个开关状态是指开关管S3关断,开关管S4导通,电感L通过二极管D2向储能单元放电,电感电流继续下降。Figure 3 shows the equivalent circuit and steady-state waveform of a dual-input dual-output converter in dual-output mode. In one switching cycle, the system includes three switching states. The first switching state refers to the switching tubes S 1 and S 2 is turned on, the photovoltaic module charges the inductor L through the diode D 1 , and the inductor current rises; the second switching state means that the switch tubes S 1 and S 2 are turned off, the switch tube S 3 is turned on, and the inductor L is charged to the load through the diode D 2 Discharge, the inductor current decreases; the third switching state means that the switch tube S3 is turned off, the switch tube S4 is turned on, the inductor L discharges to the energy storage unit through the diode D2 , and the inductor current continues to decrease.

图4示出双输入双输出变换器在双输入模式的等效电路和稳态波形,在一个开关周期内,系统包括三个开关状态,第一个开关状态是指开关管S1和S2导通,光伏组件通过二极管D1向电感L充电,电感电流上升;第二个开关状态是指开关管S1关断,开关管S2和S5导通,储能单元通过二极管D4向电感L充电,电感电流继续上升;第三个开关状态是指开关管S2和S5关断,开关管S3导通,电感L通过二极管D2向负载放电,电感电流下降。Figure 4 shows the equivalent circuit and steady-state waveform of the dual-input dual-output converter in dual-input mode. In one switching cycle, the system includes three switching states. The first switching state refers to the switching tubes S 1 and S 2 is turned on, the photovoltaic module charges the inductor L through the diode D 1 , and the inductor current rises; the second switching state means that the switch tube S 1 is turned off, the switch tubes S 2 and S 5 are turned on, and the energy storage unit charges the inductor L through the diode D 4 . The inductor L is charged, and the inductor current continues to rise; the third switching state means that the switch tubes S2 and S5 are turned off, the switch tube S3 is turned on, the inductor L discharges to the load through the diode D2 , and the inductor current decreases.

为了实现图3和图4所示的系统运行模态,设计一种控制电路,控制电路包括MPPT控制单元、误差放大器EA、第一比较器CMP1、第二比较器CMP2、脉冲调制单元、多路选择单元和模式切换控制单元。In order to realize the system operating mode shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, a control circuit is designed. The control circuit includes an MPPT control unit, an error amplifier EA, a first comparator CMP1, a second comparator CMP2, a pulse modulation unit, a multi-channel Selection unit and mode switching control unit.

控制电路采样光伏组件的输出电压Vpv和输出电流Ipv,并送至MPPT控制单元进行MPPT运算,MPPT控制单元的输出送至比较器CMP1,CMP1比较MPPT控制单元的输出和双输入双输出变换器中电感电流的大小;控制电路采样双输入双输出变换器的负载电压Vo,并将Vo与输出参考电压Vo_ref作为误差放大器EA的输入,EA的输出送至比较器CMP2,CMP2比较EA的输出和双输入双输出变换器中电感电流的大小;CMP1的输出c1、CMP2的输出c2、时钟信号clk三者作为脉冲调制单元的输入信号,脉冲调制单元的输出作为多路选择单元的输入,多路选择单元通过模式选择信号mel决定其输出的开关信号,从而实现系统在相应模式的控制。The control circuit samples the output voltage V pv and output current I pv of the photovoltaic module and sends them to the MPPT control unit for MPPT calculation. The output of the MPPT control unit is sent to the comparator CMP1. CMP1 compares the output of the MPPT control unit with the dual-input dual-output conversion. The size of the inductor current in the converter; the control circuit samples the load voltage Vo of the dual-input dual-output converter, and uses Vo and the output reference voltage Vo_ref as the input of the error amplifier EA. The output of EA is sent to the comparator CMP2, and CMP2 compares The output of EA and the size of the inductor current in the dual-input dual-output converter; the output c 1 of CMP1, the output c 2 of CMP2, and the clock signal clk are used as the input signals of the pulse modulation unit, and the output of the pulse modulation unit is used as a multiplex selection As the input of the unit, the multiplex selection unit determines its output switching signal through the mode selection signal mel, thereby achieving control of the system in the corresponding mode.

脉冲调制单元包括SR触发器2#,SR触发器3#,SR触发器4#,逻辑异或门XOR1,逻辑异或门XOR2,逻辑非门NO1,逻辑非门NO2,逻辑非门NO3。多路选择单元包括两路选择器MUX1,两路选择器MUX2,两路选择器MUX3,两路选择器MUX4,两路选择器MUX5。CMP1的输出c1分别与SR触发器2#和SR触发器3#的复位端连接;CMP2的输出c2与SR触发器3#的置位端连接,且c2经NO2后与SR触发器4#的复位端连接;clk分别与SR触发器2#和SR触发器4#的置位端连接。SR触发器2#的输出端Q作为开关管S1的开关控制信号,同时,SR触发器2#的输出端Q连接至XOR1的一个输入端,SR触发器3#的输出端Q连接至XOR1的另一个输入端,XOR1的输出端连接至MUX1的第一路输入端,MUX1的第二路输入端连接低电平,MUX1的输出端作为开关管S4的开关控制信号。XOR1的输出经NO1连接至MUX2的第一路输入端,SR触发器4#的输出端Q经NO3连接至MUX2的第二路输入端,MUX2的输出作为开关管S3的开关控制信号。SR触发器2#的输出端Q连接至MUX3的第一路输入端,SR触发器4#的输出端Q连接至MUX3的第二路输入端,MUX3的输出作为开关管S2的开关控制信号。SR触发器2#的输出端Q连接至XOR2的一个输入端,SR触发器4#的输出端Q连接至XOR2的另一个输入端,XOR2的输出端连接至MUX4的第二路输入端,MUX4的第一路输入端与低电平连接,MUX4的输出端作为开关管S5的开关控制信号。多路选择单元通过mel信号确定每个两路选择器的输出哪一路开关信号,若mel使系统工作于双输出模式,则每个两路选择器输出第一路开关信号,若mel使系统工作于双输入模式,则每个两路选择器输出第二路开关信号。The pulse modulation unit includes SR flip-flop 2#, SR flip-flop 3#, SR flip-flop 4#, logic XOR gate XOR1, logic XOR gate XOR2, logic NOT gate NO1, logic NOT gate NO2, logic NOT gate NO3. The multiplex selection unit includes a two-way selector MUX1, a two-way selector MUX2, a two-way selector MUX3, a two-way selector MUX4, and a two-way selector MUX5. The output c 1 of CMP1 is connected to the reset terminal of SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 3# respectively; the output c 2 of CMP2 is connected to the set terminal of SR flip-flop 3#, and c 2 is connected to the SR flip-flop after NO2 The reset terminal of 4# is connected; clk is connected to the set terminal of SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 4# respectively. The output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 2# serves as the switching control signal of switch S1. At the same time, the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 2# is connected to an input terminal of XOR1, and the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 3# is connected to an input terminal of XOR1. The other input terminal, the output terminal of XOR1 is connected to the first input terminal of MUX1, the second input terminal of MUX1 is connected to low level, and the output terminal of MUX1 is used as the switching control signal of switch tube S4. The output of XOR1 is connected to the first input terminal of MUX2 via NO1, the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 4# is connected to the second input terminal of MUX2 via NO3, and the output of MUX2 is used as the switching control signal of switch tube S3. The output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 2# is connected to the first input terminal of MUX3, the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 4# is connected to the second input terminal of MUX3, and the output of MUX3 is used as the switching control signal of switch tube S2. The output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 2# is connected to an input terminal of XOR2, the output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 4# is connected to the other input terminal of XOR2, the output terminal of XOR2 is connected to the second input terminal of MUX4, MUX4 The first input terminal is connected to low level, and the output terminal of MUX4 is used as the switching control signal of switch S5. The multi-channel selection unit determines which switch signal is output by each two-way selector through the mel signal. If mel makes the system work in dual output mode, then each two-way selector outputs the first switch signal. If mel makes the system work, In dual input mode, each two-way selector outputs the second switch signal.

模式切换控制单元包括减法器SUB,比较器CMP3,比较器CMP4,SR触发器1#,输出电压Vo和电压参考值Vo_ref作为SUB的输入,SUB的输出分别与比较器CMP3和CMP4的一个输入端连接,CMP3的另一个输入端与预设的电压阈值ΔV连接,CMP4的另一个输入端与预设的电压阈值-ΔV连接,CMP3和CMP4的输出端分别与SR触发器1#的复位端和置位端连接。SR触发器1#的输出端Q即为模式切换控制信号mel。The mode switching control unit includes the subtractor SUB, comparator CMP3, comparator CMP4, SR flip-flop 1#, the output voltage V o and the voltage reference value V o_ref as the inputs of SUB, and the output of SUB is connected to one of the comparators CMP3 and CMP4 respectively. The input terminal is connected, the other input terminal of CMP3 is connected to the preset voltage threshold ΔV, the other input terminal of CMP4 is connected to the preset voltage threshold - ΔV, the output terminals of CMP3 and CMP4 are respectively connected to the reset of SR flip-flop 1# terminal and the set terminal are connected. The output terminal Q of SR flip-flop 1# is the mode switching control signal mel.

具体工作原理如下:控制电路采样光伏组件的输出电压Vpv和输出电流Ipv,并送至MPPT控制单元进行MPPT运算,MPPT算法采用扰动观察法,运算结果vmppte作为MPPT运算单元的输出,并送至比较器CMP1,CMP1比较电感电流iL和vmppte的大小,若iL大于vmppte,则CMP1输出c1为高电平,若iL小于vmppte,则CMP1输出c1为低电平;同时,采样变换器的负载电压Vo,并将Vo与输出参考电压Vo_ref作为误差放大器EA的输入,误差放大信号voe作为EA的输出,并送至比较器CMP2,CMP2比较电感电流iL和voe的大小,若iL小于voe,则CMP2输出c2为高电平,若iL大于voe,则CMP2输出c2为低电平;c1、c2和时钟信号clk作为脉冲调制单元的输入,脉冲调制单元的输出包括两组信号,一组是系统工作于双输入模式的开关信号,一组是系统工作于双输出模式的开关信号,两组信号均作为多路选择单元的输入,多路选择单元通过模式选择信号mel决定其输出的开关信号,从而实现系统在相应模式的控制。The specific working principle is as follows: the control circuit samples the output voltage V pv and output current I pv of the photovoltaic module, and sends them to the MPPT control unit for MPPT operation. The MPPT algorithm uses the perturbation observation method, and the operation result v mppte is used as the output of the MPPT operation unit, and Sent to comparator CMP1, CMP1 compares the inductor current i L and v mppte . If i L is greater than v mppte , CMP1 output c 1 is high level. If i L is less than v mppte , CMP1 output c 1 is low level. flat; at the same time, the load voltage Vo of the converter is sampled, and Vo and the output reference voltage Vo_ref are used as the input of the error amplifier EA, and the error amplified signal v oe is used as the output of the EA and sent to the comparator CMP2, which compares the inductor. The magnitude of current i L and v oe , if i L is less than v oe , then CMP2 output c 2 is high level, if i L is greater than v oe , then CMP2 output c 2 is low level; c 1 , c 2 and clock The signal clk is used as the input of the pulse modulation unit. The output of the pulse modulation unit includes two sets of signals. One is the switching signal when the system works in dual input mode. The other is the switching signal when the system works in dual output mode. Both sets of signals are used as The input of the multi-channel selection unit determines its output switching signal through the mode selection signal mel, thereby achieving control of the system in the corresponding mode.

图5示出,控制电路的模式切换控制单元原理图,实时计算输出电压Vo与参考电压Vo_ref的差值,并将计算结果分别送至比较器CMP3和比较器CMP4,分别与预设的阈值ΔV和-ΔV进行比较,若Vo-Vo_ref>ΔV,CMP3输出高电平,并使SR触发器1#复位,mel信号为0,系统运行于双输出模式,若Vo-Vo_ref<-ΔV)时,CMP4输出高电平,并使SR触发器1#置位,mel信号为1,系统运行于双输入模式。Figure 5 shows the schematic diagram of the mode switching control unit of the control circuit, which calculates the difference between the output voltage Vo and the reference voltage Vo_ref in real time, and sends the calculation results to the comparator CMP3 and the comparator CMP4 respectively, which are compared with the preset values. The threshold ΔV is compared with -ΔV. If V o -V o_ref > ΔV, CMP3 outputs high level and resets SR flip-flop 1#, the mel signal is 0, and the system operates in dual output mode. If V o -V o_ref <-ΔV), CMP4 outputs high level and sets SR flip-flop 1#, the mel signal is 1, and the system operates in dual input mode.

图6示出,控制电路的脉冲调制单元和多路选择单元的原理图,比较器CMP1和CMP2输出的c1和c2及时钟信号clk作为脉冲调制单元的输入,具体的工作原理描述如下:在双输出模式,mel信号为0,多路选择单元中每个多路选择器MUX均选通第一路信号作为输出,所以开关管S5始终处于关断状态,开关周期开始时刻,clk使SR触发器2#和SR触发器3#置位,开关管S1和S2导通,电感电流上升,当电感电流上升至vmppte时,比较器CMP1输出的c1为高电平并使SR触发器2#和SR触发器3#复位,开关管S1和S2关断,S3导通,电感电流开始下降,当电感电流下降至voe时,比较器CMP2输出的c2为高电平并使SR触发器3#置位,开关管S4导通,开关管S3关断,电感电流继续下降,直到下一个开关周期到来。在双输入模式,mel信号为1,多路选择单元中每个多路选择器MUX均选通第二路信号作为输出,所以开关管S4始终处于关断状态,开关周期开始时刻,clk使SR触发器2#和SR触发器3#置位,开关管S1和S2导通,电感电流上升,当电感电流上升至voe时,比较器CMP1输出的c1为高电平并使SR触发器2#和SR触发器3#复位,开关管S1关断,S5导通,电感电流继续上升,当电感电流上升至voe时,比较器CMP2输出的c2为低电平并使SR触发器4#复位,开关管S3导通,电感电流开始下降,直到下一个开关周期到来。Figure 6 shows the schematic diagram of the pulse modulation unit and multiplex selection unit of the control circuit. The c 1 and c 2 output by the comparators CMP1 and CMP2 and the clock signal clk are used as the input of the pulse modulation unit. The specific working principle is described as follows: In the dual output mode, the mel signal is 0, and each multiplexer MUX in the multiplex selection unit selects the first signal as the output, so the switch S 5 is always in the off state. At the beginning of the switching cycle, clk SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 3# are set, switches S 1 and S 2 are turned on, and the inductor current rises. When the inductor current rises to v mppte , c 1 output by comparator CMP1 is high level and causes SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 3# are reset, switches S 1 and S 2 are turned off, S 3 is turned on, and the inductor current begins to decrease. When the inductor current drops to v oe , the c 2 output by the comparator CMP2 is High level sets SR flip-flop 3#, switch tube S4 is turned on, switch tube S3 is turned off, and the inductor current continues to decrease until the next switching cycle arrives. In the dual input mode, the mel signal is 1, and each multiplexer MUX in the multiplex selection unit selects the second signal as the output, so the switch S4 is always in the off state. At the beginning of the switching cycle, clk SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 3# are set, switches S1 and S2 are turned on, and the inductor current rises. When the inductor current rises to v oe , c 1 output by comparator CMP1 is high level and causes SR flip-flop 2# and SR flip-flop 3# are reset, switch S 1 is turned off, S 5 is turned on, and the inductor current continues to rise. When the inductor current rises to v oe , c 2 output by comparator CMP2 is low level And the SR flip-flop 4# is reset, the switch S3 is turned on, and the inductor current begins to decrease until the next switching cycle arrives.

用PSIM仿真软件对本实施例的系统进行时域仿真分析,系统的仿真参数设置为:Cin=Cout=470μF,L=330μH,负载功率Po=100W,负载电压Vo=48V,电池端电压Vbat=25V,开关频率为fs=100kHz,系统仿真结果如下。Use PSIM simulation software to perform time domain simulation analysis on the system of this embodiment. The simulation parameters of the system are set as: C in = C out = 470 μF, L = 330 μH, load power P o = 100W, load voltage V o = 48V, battery terminal The voltage V bat =25V, the switching frequency is f s =100kHz, and the system simulation results are as follows.

图7(a)为系统运行于双输出模式的稳态波形,包括每个开关管的导通时序,电感电流和电感两端电压波形,从图中可以看出,开关管的导通时序与理论分析一致,电感电流呈现“升-降-降”变化趋势;图7(b)为系统运行于双输出模式时,负载突变的瞬态响应波形,此时光伏组件的输出最大功率为120W,初始时刻,光伏组件以最大功率输出,负载消耗功率为100W,储能单元吸收功率为20W,在0.5s时负载功率由100W减小为50W,储能单元吸收功率突变为70W,在0.7s时负载功率由50W增加至100W,系统运行情况与初始状态一致。Figure 7(a) shows the steady-state waveform of the system operating in dual output mode, including the turn-on timing of each switch tube, the inductor current and the voltage waveform across the inductor. It can be seen from the figure that the turn-on timing of the switch tube is related to The theoretical analysis is consistent, and the inductor current shows an "up-down-down" change trend; Figure 7(b) shows the transient response waveform of a sudden load change when the system is running in dual output mode. At this time, the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module is 120W. At the initial moment, the photovoltaic module outputs at maximum power, the load power consumption is 100W, and the energy storage unit absorbs power is 20W. At 0.5s, the load power decreases from 100W to 50W, and the energy storage unit absorbs power suddenly to 70W. At 0.7s The load power is increased from 50W to 100W, and the system operation is consistent with the initial state.

图8为系统运行模式从双输出模式切换至双输入模式的仿真波形,初始时刻,光伏组件以120W的最大功率输出,负载消耗功率为100W,储能单元吸收功率为20W,在0.3s时光伏组件的最大输出功率从120W突变为60W,光伏组件的输出功率不能满足负载需求,为了保证系统正常工作,系统运行模式切换至双输入模式,储能单元向负载放电,放电功率为40W。Figure 8 shows the simulation waveform of the system operating mode switching from dual output mode to dual input mode. At the initial moment, the photovoltaic module outputs a maximum power of 120W, the load consumes 100W power, and the energy storage unit absorbs 20W power. In 0.3s, the photovoltaic module The maximum output power of the module suddenly changed from 120W to 60W. The output power of the photovoltaic module could not meet the load demand. In order to ensure the normal operation of the system, the system operating mode was switched to dual input mode, and the energy storage unit discharged to the load with a discharge power of 40W.

图9(a)为系统运行于双输入模式的稳态波形,包括每个开关管的导通时序,电感电流和电感两端电压波形,从图中可以看出,开关管的导通时序与理论分析一致,电感电流呈现“升升-降”变化趋势;图9(b)为系统运行于双输入模式时,负载突变的瞬态响应波形,此时光伏组件的输出最大功率为60W,初始时刻,光伏组件以最大功率输出,储能单元输出功率为40W,负载功率为100W,在0.5s时负载功率由100W增加至120W,储能单元输出功率突变为60W,在0.7s时负载功率由120W减小至100W,系统运行情况与初始状态一致。Figure 9(a) shows the steady-state waveform of the system operating in dual-input mode, including the turn-on timing of each switch tube, the inductor current and the voltage waveform across the inductor. It can be seen from the figure that the turn-on timing of the switch tube is related to The theoretical analysis is consistent, and the inductor current shows a "rising-falling" trend; Figure 9(b) shows the transient response waveform of the load mutation when the system is running in dual-input mode. At this time, the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module is 60W. The initial moment, the photovoltaic module outputs at maximum power, the energy storage unit output power is 40W, and the load power is 100W. At 0.5s, the load power increases from 100W to 120W, and the energy storage unit output power suddenly changes to 60W. At 0.7s, the load power is from 120W is reduced to 100W, and the system operation is consistent with the initial state.

图10为系统运行模式从双输入模式切换至双输出模式的仿真波形,初始时刻,光伏组件以60W的最大功率输出,储能单元输出功率为40W,负载消耗功率为100W,在0.3s时光伏组件的最大输出功率从60W突变为120W,光伏组件的输出功率大于负载需求的功率,为了保证系统正常工作,系统运行模式切换至双输出模式,储能单元切换至充电模式,充电功率为20W。Figure 10 shows the simulation waveform of the system operating mode switching from dual input mode to dual output mode. At the initial moment, the photovoltaic module outputs a maximum power of 60W, the energy storage unit output power is 40W, and the load power consumption is 100W. At 0.3s, the photovoltaic module outputs a maximum power of 60W. The maximum output power of the module suddenly changed from 60W to 120W. The output power of the photovoltaic module was greater than the power required by the load. In order to ensure the normal operation of the system, the system operating mode was switched to dual output mode, and the energy storage unit was switched to charging mode with a charging power of 20W.

从上述仿真结果可以看出,本发明所提出的光伏储能系统的能量管理与控制方法能够实现光伏组件的最大功率输出和负载电压恒定,且系统在光伏组件和负载的功率变化时能够合理地分配各端口之间的功率,灵活地实现模式切换,保证系统的稳定高效运行。It can be seen from the above simulation results that the energy management and control method of the photovoltaic energy storage system proposed by the present invention can achieve the maximum power output of the photovoltaic module and the constant load voltage, and the system can reasonably adjust the power of the photovoltaic module and the load when the power of the photovoltaic module and the load changes. Allocate power between ports and flexibly implement mode switching to ensure stable and efficient operation of the system.

Claims (1)

1. The energy management and control device of the photovoltaic energy storage system is characterized by comprising a double-input double-output converter and a control circuit;
the double-input and double-output converter comprises a double-tube Buck-Boost converter, wherein a Buck end switching tube is S 1 The Boost end switching tube is S 2 The load end switch tube is S 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The input end and the output end of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter are respectively connected to a photovoltaic module PV and a load R of the photovoltaic energy storage system; the dual-input dual-output converter further comprises an output side branch and an input side branch; the output side branch comprises a diode D 3 And a switch tube S 4 ,D 3 Is connected to S 2 Drain electrode D of (2) 3 Is connected to S 4 Drain electrode S of (1) 4 Is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage unit of the photovoltaic energy storage system; the input side branch comprises a diode D 4 And a switch tube S 5 ,D 4 Is connected to S 1 Source of D 4 Is connected to S 5 Source of S 5 Is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage unit of the photovoltaic energy storage system; the negative electrode of the energy storage unit is connected to S 2 A source of (a);
the control circuit comprises an MPPT control unit, an error amplifier EA, a first comparator CMP1, a second comparator CMP2, a pulse modulation unit, a multiplexing unit and a mode switching control unit;
the input ends of the MPPT control unit are respectively input with output voltage V of the photovoltaic module PV pv And output current I pv The output end is connected to one input end of the CMP1, and the other input end of the CMP1 inputs the inductance current i of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter L
The input ends of the error amplifier EA are respectively input with the output voltage V of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter o And a voltage reference value V o_ref The output end is connected to one input end of the CMP2, and the other input end of the CMP2 inputs the inductance current i of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter L
The pulse modulation unit comprises an SR trigger 2#, an SR trigger 3#, an SR trigger 4#, a logic exclusive OR gate XOR1, a logic exclusive OR gate XOR2, a logic NOT gate NO1, a logic NOT gate NO2 and a logic NOT gate NO3; the multi-path selection unit comprises a two-path selector MUX1, a two-path selector MUX2, a two-path selector MUX3 and a two-path selector MUX4;
output terminal c of CMP1 1 The reset terminals of the SR trigger 2# and the SR trigger 3# are respectively connected; output terminal c of CMP2 2 Is connected with the set end of the SR flip-flop 3#, and c 2 The reset terminal of the SR trigger 4# is connected with the reset terminal of the SR trigger 4# after NO 2; the clock signal clk is respectively connected with the set ends of the SR flip-flop 2# and the SR flip-flop 4#; the output terminal Q of the SR flip-flop 2# is connected to S 1 At the same time, the output terminal Q of the SR flip-flop 2# is connected to one input terminal of the XOR1, the output terminal Q of the SR flip-flop 3# is connected to the other input terminal of the XOR1, the output terminal of the XOR1 is connected to the first path input terminal of the MUX1, the second path input terminal of the MUX1 is connected to the low level, and the output terminal of the MUX1 is connected to S 4 A gate electrode of (a); the output of XOR1 is connected to the first input of MUX2 via NO1, the output Q of SR flip-flop 4# is connected to the second input of MUX2 via NO3, and the output of MUX2 is connected to S 3 A gate electrode of (a); the output end Q of the SR flip-flop 2# is connected to the first path input end of the MUX3, the output end Q of the SR flip-flop 4# is connected to the second path input end of the MUX3, and the output of the MUX3 is connected to S 2 A gate electrode of (a); the output terminal Q of the SR flip-flop 2# is connected to one input terminal of the XOR2, the output terminal Q of the SR flip-flop 4# is connected to the other input terminal of the XOR2, the output terminal of the XOR2The output end is connected to the second input end of the MUX4, the first input end of the MUX4 is connected to the low level, and the output end of the MUX4 is connected to S 5 A gate electrode of (a);
the mode switching control unit includes a subtractor SUB, a comparator CMP3, a comparator CMP4, and an SR flip-flop 1#; the input ends of the SUB are respectively input with the output voltage V of the double-tube Buck-Boost converter o And a voltage reference value V o_ref The output end is respectively connected with one input end of the CMP3 and the CMP4, the other input end of the CMP3 inputs a preset voltage threshold value delta V, the other input end of the CMP4 inputs a preset voltage threshold value delta V, the output ends of the CMP3 and the CMP4 are respectively connected with the reset end and the set end of the SR trigger 1#, and the output end Q of the SR trigger 1# issimultaneously connected to the selection ends of the MUX1, the MUX2, the MUX3 and the MUX 4.
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