CN109921638B - Double-switch high step-up ratio direct current converter - Google Patents
Double-switch high step-up ratio direct current converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109921638B CN109921638B CN201910179523.XA CN201910179523A CN109921638B CN 109921638 B CN109921638 B CN 109921638B CN 201910179523 A CN201910179523 A CN 201910179523A CN 109921638 B CN109921638 B CN 109921638B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-switch high step-up ratio direct current converter. The direct current power supply comprises a direct current input power supply, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor and a load. Compared with the traditional single-switch boost converter, the double-switch direct-current converter has higher boost transformation ratio under the condition of the same duty ratio, has small voltage stress of the switch tube and convenient control, and is very suitable for a non-isolated renewable energy power generation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-switch high step-up ratio direct current converter.
Background
With the increasing serious problems of energy crisis and environmental pollution, the development and utilization of new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, fuel cells and the like and renewable energy sources are more and more concerned, and a new energy power generation system becomes a hot spot of attention and research of countries in the world. Since the output voltage of a single fuel cell, a photovoltaic cell module, a storage battery and the like is low, in order to incorporate these power supplies into a power grid or to use them as an uninterruptible power supply, a high-gain DC/DC converter is required to raise the voltage level to meet the requirement of the subsequent inversion.
The conventional Boost converter cannot provide a large voltage gain, and a very short turn-off time brings a large peak current, thereby increasing conduction and switching losses, and causing problems of increased transformer inductive current ripple, reduced stability and the like, so that the high-gain direct-current power conversion technology has become one of the key technologies in these applications.
The high-gain direct-current converter is of an isolated type and a non-isolated type, the voltage can be increased by the isolated type direct-current converter through increasing the turn ratio of the high-frequency transformer, the linearity of the transformer can be influenced by the excessively high turn ratio, meanwhile, the leakage inductance of the transformer can cause large peak voltage on a switching tube, the switching loss is large, and the conversion efficiency is low. In order to obtain high gain, and to combine large conversion efficiency and small size, non-isolated converters have been widely studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-switch high-step-up ratio direct current converter, which can realize a direct current input power supply V by controlling the duty ratio D of a first switch tube and a second switch tubeinThe load is powered, so that the voltage gain of the switching tube converter is 5/(1-D), which is much higher than the voltage gain M of the traditional Boost converter (1/(1-D).
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a double-switch high step-up ratio DC converter comprises a DC input power supply, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a first diode, a second diode, a fifth diode, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor, a fifth capacitor and a load; the positive pole of the direct current input power supply is respectively connected with one end of a first inductor and one end of a second inductor, the negative pole of the direct current input power supply is respectively connected with one end of a first switch tube, one end of a second switch tube and the cathode of a fifth diode, the other end of the first inductor is connected with the negative pole of a second capacitor and the other end of the first switch tube, the other end of the second inductor is connected with the negative pole of a fourth capacitor, the positive pole of a fifth capacitor, the positive pole of a second diode and the other end of the second switch tube, the positive pole of the second capacitor is connected with the negative pole of the second diode, the positive pole of a third diode and the negative pole of a third capacitor, the negative pole of the third diode is connected with the positive pole of the fourth diode and the positive pole of the fourth capacitor, the positive pole of the third capacitor is connected with the positive pole of the first diode and the negative pole of the first capacitor, and one end of a load, the negative electrode of the first capacitor and the other end of the load are connected with the negative electrode of the fifth capacitor and the anode of the fifth diode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dc converter operates as follows: setting the duty ratio of the first switching tube and the second switching tube to be D, and enabling at least one switching tube of the two switching tubes to be conducted in one switching period, namely, driving signals of the two switching tubes are overlapped; the duty ratio D of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is controlled to realize that a direct current input power supply supplies power to a load, so that the voltage gain of the direct current converter reaches M-5/(1-D).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dc converter specifically operates as follows:
(t0-t1) Stage (2): the first switch tube and the second switch tube are both conducted, the direct current input power supply charges the first inductor and the second inductor, the currents of the first inductor and the second inductor both rise linearly, and the first capacitor supplies power to the load;
(t1-t2) Stage (2): t is t1At the moment, the first switch tube is turned off and the second switch tube is turned onWhen the switch is switched on, the first inductor continues current, the current of the first inductor linearly decreases, and at the moment, two follow current paths are provided: firstly, a first inductor is connected with a direct current input power supply, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fifth capacitor in series, and supplies power to a load through a second switch tube and a first diode; the first inductor is connected with the direct current input power supply and the second capacitor in series, and a fourth capacitor is charged through the second switching tube and the third diode; the voltage at two ends of the second inductor is the output voltage value V of the direct current input power supplyinThe second inductor continues to be charged linearly;
(t2-t3) Stage (2): the working process is the same as (t)0-t1) A stage;
(t3-t4) Stage (2): t is t3At the moment, the second switch tube is turned off, the first switch tube is turned on, the second inductor continues current, the current of the second inductor linearly decreases, and the current continuing paths have three paths: a second inductor current charges a second capacitor through a second diode and a first switching tube; charging a fifth capacitor by the second inductor current through a fifth diode; the second inductor current charges the second capacitor and the third capacitor through the fourth diode and the first switch tube; the voltage at two ends of the first inductor is the output voltage value V of the direct current input power supplyinThe first inductor continues to charge linearly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the traditional single-switch boost converter, the double-switch direct-current converter has higher boost transformation ratio under the condition of the same duty ratio, has small voltage stress of the switch tube and convenient control, and is very suitable for a non-isolated renewable energy power generation system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a high step-up ratio dc switching converter according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the main operating waveforms of the two-switch high step-up ratio dc converter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the main operation of the two-switch high step-up ratio dc converter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the main simulation waveforms of the two-switch high step-up ratio dc converter of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a double-switch high step-up ratio direct current converter which comprises a direct current input power supply, first to second switch tubes, first to fifth diodes, first to second inductors, first to fifth capacitors and a load, wherein the first to fifth diodes are connected with the first to fifth capacitors; the positive pole of the direct current input power supply is respectively connected with one end of a first inductor and one end of a second inductor, the negative pole of the direct current input power supply is respectively connected with one end of a first switch tube, one end of a second switch tube and the cathode of a fifth diode, the other end of the first inductor is connected with the negative pole of a second capacitor and the other end of the first switch tube, the other end of the second inductor is connected with the negative pole of a fourth capacitor, the positive pole of a fifth capacitor, the positive pole of a second diode and the other end of the second switch tube, the positive pole of the second capacitor is connected with the negative pole of the second diode, the positive pole of the third diode and the negative pole of a third capacitor, the negative pole of the third diode, the positive pole of the fourth diode and the positive pole of the fourth capacitor, the positive pole of the third capacitor is connected with the positive pole of the first diode and the negative pole of the fourth diode, the negative pole of the first diode is connected with the positive pole of the first capacitor and one end, the negative electrode of the first capacitor and the other end of the load are connected with the negative electrode of the fifth capacitor and the anode of the fifth diode. The working mode of the direct current converter is as follows: setting the duty ratio of the first switching tube and the second switching tube to be D, and enabling at least one switching tube of the two switching tubes to be conducted in one switching period, namely, driving signals of the two switching tubes are overlapped; the duty ratio D of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is controlled to realize that a direct current input power supply supplies power to a load, so that the voltage gain of the direct current converter reaches M-5/(1-D).
The DC converter of the invention has the following specific working modes:
(t0-t1) Stage (2): the first switch tube and the second switch tube are both conducted, the direct current input power supply charges the first inductor and the second inductor, the currents of the first inductor and the second inductor both rise linearly, and the first capacitor supplies power to the load;
(t1-t2) Stage (2): t is t1At a time of dayThe first switch tube is turned off, the second switch tube is turned on, the first inductor continues current, the current of the first inductor linearly decreases, and the current continuing path has two paths: firstly, a first inductor is connected with a direct current input power supply, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fifth capacitor in series, and supplies power to a load through a second switch tube and a first diode; the first inductor is connected with the direct current input power supply and the second capacitor in series, and a fourth capacitor is charged through the second switching tube and the third diode; the voltage at two ends of the second inductor is the output voltage value V of the direct current input power supplyinThe second inductor continues to be charged linearly;
(t2-t3) Stage (2): the working process is the same as (t)0-t1) A stage;
(t3-t4) Stage (2): t is t3At the moment, the second switch tube is turned off, the first switch tube is turned on, the second inductor continues current, the current of the second inductor linearly decreases, and the current continuing paths have three paths: a second inductor current charges a second capacitor through a second diode and a first switching tube; charging a fifth capacitor by the second inductor current through a fifth diode; the second inductor current charges the second capacitor and the third capacitor through the fourth diode and the first switch tube; the voltage at two ends of the first inductor is the output voltage value V of the direct current input power supplyinThe first inductor continues to charge linearly.
The following is a specific implementation of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a dual-switch high step-up ratio DC converter, which comprises a DC input power supply VinFirst to second switching tubes S1-S2First to fifth diodes D1-D5First to second inductors L1-L2First to fifth capacitors C0-C4And a load R. The operation modes of the double-switch high-step-up ratio direct-current converter are as follows:
switch tube S1And S2The duty ratio is D, and two switch tubes have at least one switch tube to switch on in a switching cycle, namely two switch tube drive signals have the overlap each other. By controlling the switching tube S1And S2The duty ratio D of the power supply can realize that the input power Vin supplies power to the load, and the invention has double functionsThe voltage gain of the switching dc converter is 5/(1-D), which is much higher than that of the conventional Boost converter (Boost converter) by 1/(1-D).
The gain derivation process of the high-gain DC-DC switching converter is as follows:
at steady state there are:
in the formula, VinFor input of supply voltage, D is a switching tube S1And S2Duty ratio of Vc1Is a capacitor C1Voltage across, Vc2Is a capacitor C2Voltage across, Vc3Is a capacitor C3Voltage across, Vc4Is a capacitor C4The voltage across.
According to inductance L1The volt-second equilibrium is:
Vin*D＝(Vo-Vc2-Vc1-Vin)*(1-D)
then:
in the formula, VoOutputting a voltage for the converter.
The waveform diagrams of the driving signals of the two switching tubes in the high-gain DC-DC switching converter of the invention are shown in FIG. 2, and the switching tube S1And S2The duty ratio is D, and at least one of the two switching tubes is conducted in a switching period, i.e. the two switching tubes drive signalsug1 and ug2 are overlapped, and the working process is as follows:
(t0-t1) stage switching tube S1、S2Are all conducted and input power supply VinFor inductor L1、L2Charging, linear rise of inductive current, and output of capacitor CoThe load is powered and the working process is as shown in fig. 3 (a).
(t1-t2) stage: t is t1Time switch tube S1Cut off and switch tube S2Continuing to conduct; inductor L1Follow current, the current of which drops linearly, and at this time, follow current paths have two: l1And Vin、C1、C2、C4Connected in series through a switching tube S2Diode D1Supplying power to the load side; ② L1And Vin、C1Connected in series through a switching tube S2Diode D3Capacitor C3And (6) charging. Inductor L2Voltage at both ends is VinInductance L2The linear charging is continued, and the operation process is as shown in fig. 3 (b).
The working process of the stage (t2-t3) is the same as that of the stage (t0-t1), and the working process is shown in figure 3 (c).
(t3-t4) stage t3Switch tube S starting from time to time2Cut off and switch tube S1Continuing to conduct; inductor L2Follow current, the current of which drops linearly, and the follow current path has three: inductor L2The current passes through D2、S1To the capacitor C1Charging; inductor L2The current passes through D5To the capacitor C4Charging (c) inductor L2The current passes through D4、S1To the capacitor C1、C2And (6) charging. Inductor L1Voltage at both ends is VinInductance L1The linear charging is continued, and the operation process is as shown in fig. 3 (d).
When V isinWhen D is 0.667 at 10V, the main simulation waveforms are shown in fig. 4.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A double-switch high step-up ratio DC converter is characterized by comprising a DC input power supply, first to second switch tubes, first to fifth diodes, first to second inductors, first to fifth capacitors and a load; the positive pole of the direct current input power supply is respectively connected with one end of a first inductor and one end of a second inductor, the negative pole of the direct current input power supply is respectively connected with one end of a first switch tube, one end of a second switch tube and the cathode of a fifth diode, the other end of the first inductor is connected with the negative pole of a second capacitor and the other end of the first switch tube, the other end of the second inductor is connected with the negative pole of a fourth capacitor, the positive pole of a fifth capacitor, the positive pole of a second diode and the other end of the second switch tube, the positive pole of the second capacitor is connected with the negative pole of the second diode, the positive pole of a third diode and the negative pole of a third capacitor, the negative pole of the third diode is connected with the positive pole of the fourth diode and the positive pole of the fourth capacitor, the positive pole of the third capacitor is connected with the positive pole of the first diode and the negative pole of the first capacitor, and one end of a load, the negative electrode of the first capacitor and the other end of the load are connected with the negative electrode of the fifth capacitor and the anode of the fifth diode;
the specific operation mode of the direct current converter is as follows:
（t0-t1) Stage (2): the first switch tube and the second switch tube are both conducted, the direct current input power supply charges the first inductor and the second inductor, the currents of the first inductor and the second inductor both rise linearly, and the first capacitor supplies power to the load;
（t1-t2) Stage (2): t is t1At the moment, the first switch tube is turned off, the second switch tube is turned on, the first inductor continues current, the current of the first inductor linearly decreases, and the current continuing path has two paths: firstly, a first inductor is connected with a direct current input power supply, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fifth capacitor in series, and supplies power to a load through a second switch tube and a first diode; the first inductor is connected with the direct current input power supply and the second capacitor in series, and a fourth capacitor is charged through the second switching tube and the third diode; the voltage across the second inductor isOutput voltage value V of direct current input power supplyinThe second inductor continues to be charged linearly;
（t2-t3) Stage (2): the working process is the same as (t)0-t1) A stage;
（t3-t4) Stage (2): t is t3At the moment, the second switch tube is turned off, the first switch tube is turned on, the second inductor continues current, the current of the second inductor linearly decreases, and the current continuing paths have three paths: a second inductor current charges a second capacitor through a second diode and a first switching tube; charging a fifth capacitor by the second inductor current through a fifth diode; the second inductor current charges the second capacitor and the third capacitor through the fourth diode and the first switch tube; the voltage at two ends of the first inductor is the output voltage value V of the direct current input power supplyinThe first inductor continues to charge linearly.
2. A two-switch high step-up ratio dc converter according to claim 1, wherein the dc converter operates by: setting the duty ratio of the first switching tube and the second switching tube to be D, and enabling at least one switching tube of the two switching tubes to be conducted in one switching period, namely, driving signals of the two switching tubes are overlapped; the duty ratio D of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is controlled to realize that a direct current input power supply supplies power to a load, so that the voltage gain of the direct current converter reaches M = 5/(1-D).
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| GB201316903D0 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-11-06 | Univ Leuven Kath | An Intra-Module DC-DC Converter |
| CN203911753U (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-29 | 三峡大学 | Zero-voltage switch-off interleaved parallel DC/DC converter |
| CN106655773B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2023-06-02 | 三峡大学 | Dual-port input high-gain DC/DC converter with soft switch |
| CN206962701U (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-02-02 | 三峡大学 | A kind of adjustable high boosting DC/DC converters of number of phases based on voltage doubling unit |
| CN107565811A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-01-09 | 燕山大学 | High-gain Double-input direct-current converter and modulator approach based on switched capacitor network |
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