CN109604831A - For improving the laser TIG Combined Welding welding procedure of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut - Google Patents
For improving the laser TIG Combined Welding welding procedure of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut Download PDFInfo
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- CN109604831A CN109604831A CN201811595516.XA CN201811595516A CN109604831A CN 109604831 A CN109604831 A CN 109604831A CN 201811595516 A CN201811595516 A CN 201811595516A CN 109604831 A CN109604831 A CN 109604831A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding welding procedure of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut, along welding direction, the welding gun positioned at front is ultrahigh frequency pulses TIG welding gun, and being located at subsequent welding gun is laser head, and the spacing of two welding guns is 1-9mm, realizes the welding of congruent melting pond.Compared with prior art, the present invention enhances molten bath mobility using the electromagnetic agitation of TIG high-frequency impulse compression arc, extend weld seam cooling time, the undercut problem under high-speed welding or certain laser powers can sufficiently be inhibited, appearance of weld is good, speed of welding is up to 6m/min, and joint quality is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal welding techniques fields, are related to a kind of for improving the weldering undercut of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser
Laser TIG Combined Welding welding procedure.
Background technique
Titanium or titanium alloy high, small and good corrosion resistance of density by its specific strength, is widely used in automobile, biology
The fields such as medical treatment, aerospace, petrochemical industry, ocean engineering.There is Laser Welding energy density to concentrate, heat affected area is small, automatic
The features such as change degree is high, the welding suitable for titanium or titanium alloy thin plate.But it is under the conditions of high-speed welding or certain specific sharp
Under optical power, when big due to speed of welding, heat input is small, and cooling velocity is fast, and liquid metal has little time to fill to weld seam both sides
It has just solidified, weld seam just will appear serious undercut problem.
Laser TIG Combined Welding can effectively increase weld penetration, improve speed of welding, lacking under the conditions of inhibition high-speed welding
It falls into.To be proposed in the last century 70's end by professor Steen of London university, empire earliest, this method be by laser and
Both heat sources of electric arc, which combine, to be welded.It can overcome the shortcomings of Laser Welding and electric arc heat source, improve appearance of weld, press down
Welding defect is made.
2014, Chinese laser document " research of thin plate titanium alloy optical-fiber laser-TIG electric arc hybrid welding technology " proposed to add
After entering electric arc, heat input increases, and Seam and heat effected zone width becomes larger.The disadvantage is that back of weld undercut still has and welds
It is slow to connect speed, efficiency is lower.
2015, welding technique document " TA15 titanium alloy the laser-arc hybrid welding process optimization " research discovery
The influence of laser power and speed of welding welding quality is the most significant.The disadvantage is that speed of welding is slow, and use cold silk filling
Mode, increase cost.
Above two method respectively has advantage and disadvantage, but generally speaking welding efficiency is relatively low, and the effect for improving undercut defect is limited.
Therefore, working efficiency is improved, undercut is solved the problems, such as, obtains the connector of reliable in quality, is had for the welding of titanium or titanium alloy thin plate
It is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind for improve titanium and
Ultrahigh frequency pulses TIG is added on the basis of Laser Welding in the laser TIG Combined Welding welding procedure of titanium-alloy thin-plate Laser Welding undercut
Weldering, exportable maximum impulse frequency are the high-frequency current of 40kHZ, and high-frequency current has strong electricity to the liquid metal of welding pool
Magnetic stirring action extends the cooling time of weld seam, so that liquid metal has the longer time to sprawl to weld seam both sides, it can be abundant
Inhibit the undercut problem under high-speed welding or certain laser powers, appearance of weld is good, speed of welding up to 6m/min, and
Joint quality is excellent.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
For improve titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut laser TIG Combined Welding welding procedure, fixed laser head with
TIG welding gun, travelling workpiece, and the welding gun defined along welding direction, positioned at front is TIG welding gun, it is sharp for being located at subsequent welding gun
Shaven head, and the spacing of two welding guns is 1-9mm.
The power of laser head is 1400-2200W, defocusing amount 25mm.
TIG welding gun is the high-frequency current ultrahigh frequency pulses TIG weldering that exportable maximum impulse frequency is 40kHZ.TIG welding gun institute
The ratio between logical thickness of welding current and workpiece is 60~100A/mm, preferably 60~75A/mm.Under speed of welding certain condition,
Under to a certain degree, workpiece is thicker, and required TIG weldering welding current is bigger, when the ratio between thickness of welding current and workpiece does not exist
When the range, workpiece it is possible that it is lack of penetration or burn the phenomenon that.When speed of welding is 4.8~6m/min, thickness of workpiece δ
When=0.8~1.5mm, it is 50-110A that TIG weldering welding current, which is I,.
In welding process, the frequency of the high-frequency pulse current of TIG welding gun output is 10-30kHZ.
Vertical range of the laser head bottom end from workpiece is 310mm, the tungsten electrode tip of TIG welding gun with a distance from workpiece for 2~
3mm。
In welding process, laser head tilts towards the rear, and the angle of center axis thereof and the normal direction perpendicular to workpiece
It is 5 °, TIG welding gun tilts forwards, and the angle between workpiece surface is 45 °.
Plain butt weld for industrial pure titanium TA2 material workpiece, does not fill silk, the welded gaps between workpiece be 0~
0.1mm。
In welding process, the argon flow of TIG weldering is 15~20L/min, and the argon flow for carrying on the back protection is 15~20L/
min。
Compared with prior art, what the present invention was added is ultrahigh frequency pulses TIG weldering, liquid of the high-frequency current to welding pool
Metal has strong function composite by electromagnetic stirring, extends the cooling time of weld seam, so that liquid metal has the longer time to weld seam
Both sides are sprawled, and welding manner is improved, in addition, improvement also is optimized to each technological parameter in welding process, not only may be used
Undercut defect is effectively eliminated, while also adding speed of welding, so that entire welding efficiency is improved compared to Laser Welding welding
150% or so, and without filling silk, welding cost is reduced, the undercut generally welded can be effectively solved the problems, such as, ensure that welding
Quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram when present invention is welded；
The schematic diagram that laser power influences appearance of weld when Fig. 2 is Laser Welding；
The schematic diagram that speed of welding influences appearance of weld when Fig. 3 is Laser Welding；
Fig. 4 is the appearance of weld schematic diagram of laser TIG Combined Welding of the invention；
Fig. 5 is molten bath figure of the different welding manners under high-speed photography；
In figure, 1- laser head, 2-TIG welding gun, 3- workpiece.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, the High Efficiency Welding Process of titanium or titanium alloy thin plate of the invention is laser TIG Combined Welding, specifically solid
Determine laser head 1 and TIG welding gun 2, travelling workpiece 3 to realize welding of the welding gun to workpiece, meanwhile, along welding direction, before being placed on
The welding gun in face is TIG welding gun 2, and another welding gun put behind is laser head 1, laser head 1 and the method perpendicular to workpiece
The angle of line is θ, and the angle between TIG welding gun 2 and workpiece is β, and the electrode spacing of two welding guns is denoted as D.Laser is as main warm
Penetration is played the role of to weld seam in source, and TIG weldering electric arc mainly plays preheating and melting bath stirring.
In following embodiment, TIG welding gun is the TIG welding gun for the high-frequency current that exportable maximum impulse frequency is 40kHZ, weldering
In termination process, the frequency of the high-frequency pulse current of TIG welding gun output is 10-30kHZ.
Embodiment 1
Below to be described in detail for welding the pure titanium TA2 thin plate of 0.9mm thickness.
According to above process flow, using the compound Welding of laser TIG, equipment is IPG YLS-10000 multimode fibre
Laser and KUKA KRC2 welding robot, the source of welding current use new prestige MPT-500D, tungsten bar diameter 3.2mm, and protective gas is
The argon gas of purity 99.9%, gas flow 18L/min.
1, welding preparation
It is needed to adjust angle of welding gun and electrode spacing according to actual welding；1 tilt angle theta=5 ° of this example laser head, TIG weldering
2 inclination angle beta=45 ° of welding gun, heat source space D=5mm.
2, welding parameter is debugged
Laser parameter, laser power 2200W, defocusing amount 25mm are set, and vertical range of the laser head 1 away from workpiece 3 is
310mm, speed of welding 5.1m/min；TIG weld welding current I be 54A, tungsten electrode tip to 3 distance 2mm of workpiece or so, then into
Row welding.
Finally the appearance of the obtained butt weld of the present embodiment is analyzed, fillet in normal shear, sealing run are good, nothing
Obvious undercut.
To sum up, the laser TIG Combined Welding welding technique of the present embodiment has the following advantages:
(1) when welding titanium or titanium alloy thin plate, speed of welding is substantially increased, and compared with Laser Welding, welding efficiency is improved
150% or more.
(2) the advantages of remaining Laser Welding, welding process are stablized, and the undercut problem occurred in Laser Welding is eliminated.
Referring to above-described embodiment 1, workpiece is welded under different laser powers using pure Laser Welding and adjusting, welding effect
Fruit is as shown in Figure 2.It is 5.1mm/min in speed of welding, when laser power P=1400 or 1600W, lack of penetration, laser power P
When=1800W, critical through welding, although realizing full penetration, occurs very serious when laser power P reaches 2000W
Undercut problem, undercut depth reach 128.57 μm, and when laser power P continues to increase, undercut phenomenon begins with becoming for reduction instead
Gesture, until undercut defect can almost be ignored when power increases to 2600W.
Referring to Fig. 3, carried out under different speeds of welding when using the Laser Welding welding technique of titanium or titanium alloy thin plate
There is not undercut, speed of welding is increased to 4.5-5.1m/ when laser power P is 2000W in welding when speed of welding is smaller
Occurs more serious undercut problem when min, maximum undercut depth reaches 130.66 μm, and continuing increase speed of welding can not then weld
Thoroughly.As it can be seen that undercut problem is more prominent when speed of welding is more than 4.5m/min.
Above-mentioned two groups of tests explanation: when pure Laser Welding high-speed welding, undercut phenomenon is serious.
Three groups of samples in (a) referring to fig. 4, when using the laser referring to the titanium or titanium alloy thin plate in above embodiments
TIG Combined Welding welding technique is welded under different laser powers, and in speed of welding 5.1m/min, TIG welding gun leads to
Welding current and the ratio between the thickness of workpiece when being 60~75A/mm, when laser power P is 1800W, undercut depth is 10.82 μ
m.When laser power P reaches 1400W, undercut depth is 14.23 μm, when laser power P continues to increase to 2200W, undercut depth
It is 10.99 μm, respectively less than 0.1 δ, undercut is qualified.
Three groups of samples of (b) referring to fig. 4, when using the laser TIG referring to the titanium or titanium alloy thin plate in above embodiments
Combined Welding welding technique is welded under different speeds of welding, is 2000W, the weldering that TIG welding gun leads in laser power P
Connecing the ratio between thickness of electric current and workpiece is 60~75A/mm, and when speed of welding is 4.8-5.7m/min, undercut depth is not all super
23 μm, respectively less than 0.1 δ are crossed, undercut is qualified.
Referring to Fig. 5, wherein (a) and (b) two parts respectively represent pure Laser Welding and Combined Welding of the invention in high-speed photography
Under molten bath figure, it is seen then that when pure Laser Welding, due to the presence of aperture, under the power that can just penetrate, molten bath central temperature with
Melt tank edge temperature difference is little, and the surface tension difference of center and peripheral is little, and the surface tension difference is exactly liquid gold
Belong to the power sprawled to edge, along at this time in no filling metal, the power that aperture excavates downwards is relatively large, therefore molten bath
Generation collapses, so that it is more serious to show undercut.Furthermore when big due to speed of welding, heat input is relatively small, cooling velocity
Fastly, liquid metal has little time to fill to weld seam both sides and just solidify, therefore it is more serious to show as undercut；Auxiliary thermal source TIG
The electromagnetic agitation of high-frequency impulse compression arc enhances molten bath mobility, and liquid metal can preferably be spread to weld seam both sides
Exhibition, extends weld seam cooling time.
Through the foregoing embodiment it is found that speed of welding is big compared to normal welding under specific weld technique of the invention
It is big to be promoted, it can reach 6m/min or so, and joint quality is excellent, can sufficiently inhibit undercut problem, appearance of weld is good.
Embodiment 2
Compared with Example 1, the overwhelming majority is all identical, in addition in the present embodiment, welding condition is controlled are as follows:
The argon flow 15L/min of TIG welding gun 1, the argon flow for carrying on the back protection is 15L/min.Welding current is 67.5A,
Eletrode tip is away from 3 distance 2-3mm of workpiece or so；Laser power is 1400W, and defocusing amount 25mm, laser head 1 is away from the vertical of workpiece 3
Straight distance is 310mm, and speed of welding 4.8m/min, heat source spacing is in D=1mm, tilt angle theta=5 ° of laser head 1, TIG weldering
Inclination angle beta=45 ° of rifle 2.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 1, the overwhelming majority is all identical, in addition in the present embodiment, welding condition is controlled are as follows:
The argon flow 18L/min of TIG welding gun 1, the argon flow for carrying on the back protection is 18L/min.Welding current is 65A, electricity
Pole tip is away from 3 distance 2-3mm of workpiece or so；Laser power is 1800W, defocusing amount 25mm, and laser head 1 is vertical away from workpiece 3
Distance is 310mm, speed of welding 6m/min, and heat source spacing is in D=9mm, tilt angle theta=5 ° of laser head 1, TIG welding gun 2
Inclination angle beta=45 °.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 1, the overwhelming majority is all identical, in addition in the present embodiment, welding condition is controlled are as follows:
Thickness of workpiece is 1.5mm, the argon flow 20L/min of TIG welding gun 1, and the argon flow for carrying on the back protection is 20L/min.
Welding current is 110A, and eletrode tip is away from 3 distance 2-3mm of workpiece or so；Laser power is 2200W, defocusing amount 25mm, laser
First 1 vertical range away from workpiece 3 is 310mm, and speed of welding 5.2m/min, heat source spacing is at D=6mm, the inclination angle of laser head 1
Spend θ=5 °, inclination angle beta=45 ° of TIG welding gun 2.
The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. the laser TIG Combined Welding welding procedure for improving the weldering undercut of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser, which is characterized in that fixed
Laser head and TIG welding gun, travelling workpiece are welded, and along welding direction, the welding gun positioned at front is TIG welding gun for definition, are located at
Subsequent welding gun is laser head, and the spacing of two welding guns is 1-9mm.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that the power of laser head is 1400-2200W, defocusing amount 25mm.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that the ratio between thickness of welding current and workpiece that TIG welding gun leads to is 60~75A/mm.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that it is the ultrahigh frequency pulses for exporting pulse current frequency and reaching as high as 40kHZ that TIG welding gun, which uses,
TIG welding gun.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that in welding process, the frequency of the pulse current of TIG welding gun output is 10-30kHZ.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that vertical range of the laser head bottom end from workpiece is 310mm, and the tungsten electrode tip of TIG welding gun is from workpiece
Distance be 2~3mm.
7. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that in welding process, laser head tilts towards the rear, and center axis thereof and the method perpendicular to workpiece
The angle in line direction is 5 °, and TIG welding gun tilts forwards, and the angle between workpiece surface is 45 °.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that the plain butt weld for industrial pure titanium TA2 material workpiece does not fill silk, the weldering between workpiece
Connecing gap is 0~0.1mm.
9. according to claim 1 a kind of for improving the laser TIG Combined Welding of titanium or titanium alloy sheet laser weldering undercut
Welding procedure, which is characterized in that in welding process, the argon flow of TIG weldering is 15~20L/min, carries on the back the argon flow of protection
For 15~20L/min.
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| CN110091066A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-06 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | A kind of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry method of titanium alloy |
| CN110426410A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Adjust the experimental method of titanium alloy α/β phase interface local state |
| CN111266739A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-06-12 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Method for laser-MIG electric arc composite welding of low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel |
| CN111515542A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 长春理工大学 | Laser-arc two-heat-source weak coupling welding method for high-nitrogen steel |
| CN112496544A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-03-16 | 上海交通大学 | Efficient welding method and device for thin-wall welding titanium tube by arc-assisted laser |
| CN113210869A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏通宇钢管集团有限公司 | Efficient titanium alloy laser-electric arc composite heat source pipeline welding process |
| CN116727864A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 沈阳信拓技术服务有限公司 | Composite welding process of die-casting aluminum alloy battery pack tray |
| CN117300361A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 无锡鼎邦换热设备股份有限公司 | Air cooler tube plate welding method and system |
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| CN111266739A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-06-12 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Method for laser-MIG electric arc composite welding of low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel |
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| CN111515542B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-12-31 | 长春理工大学 | Laser-arc two-heat-source weak coupling welding method for high-nitrogen steel |
| CN112496544A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-03-16 | 上海交通大学 | Efficient welding method and device for thin-wall welding titanium tube by arc-assisted laser |
| CN113210869A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏通宇钢管集团有限公司 | Efficient titanium alloy laser-electric arc composite heat source pipeline welding process |
| CN116727864A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 沈阳信拓技术服务有限公司 | Composite welding process of die-casting aluminum alloy battery pack tray |
| CN116727864B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-12-08 | 沈阳育成鑫成果转化技术服务有限公司 | Composite welding process of die-casting aluminum alloy battery pack tray |
| CN117300361A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 无锡鼎邦换热设备股份有限公司 | Air cooler tube plate welding method and system |
| CN117300361B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-27 | 无锡鼎邦换热设备股份有限公司 | Air cooler tube plate welding method and system |
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