CN109603462A - A kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace - Google Patents
A kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace Download PDFInfo
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
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- B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
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- B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
- B01D2257/2047—Hydrofluoric acid
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- B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
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- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace, including denitration, low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant, semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds, dioxin and remaining sour gas in activated carbon adsorption flue gas obtain purifying smoke after flue gas ash removal；The present invention can particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide, dioxin, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury and other heavy metals in cooperation-removal flue gas, realize deep purifying, while realizing that fume high-temperature discharges.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of air pollution purification, use plasma purification waste incineration more particularly to a kind of
The technique of kiln gas.
Background technique
With China's rapid development of economy, living standards of the people are improved rapidly, and urbanization process is continuously improved, all kinds of rubbish
The yield of rubbish is also sharply increasing." the big or middle municipal solid waste pollution ring in the whole nation in 2017 announced according to State Ministry of Environmental Protection
Border prevents and treats annual report " data show, it is 2016,18850.5 ten thousand tons of Municipal Domestic Garbage Output 214 big or middle, with annual 8-
10% growth rate increases.The method of domestic garbage disposal, predominantly garbage loading embeading and waste incineration.Garbage loading embeading is due to needing
A large amount of land resource is consumed, and effluent seepage contaminated soil and underground water, destroyed land resource easily occurs, causes serious two
Secondary pollution.Therefore in recent years, the treating capacity relative scale of garbage loading embeading is constantly reduced.
Garbage incineration process has rubbish wide adaptation range, energy compared with garbage loading embeading technique and other treatment process
The yield of the advantages of measuring utilization rate height, taking up little area, garbage incineration process processing rubbish is also constantly increasing, and relative scale is continuous
It improves.Flourishing city at home, most of rubbish start to be handled using garbage incineration process.
But the characteristics of due to the characteristic and waste incineration of component of refuse, flue gas of refuse burning is by traditional work domestic at present
Skill, it is difficult to achieve the purpose that deep treatment purifies.Main cause is as follows:
(1) denitration (NOXRemoval)
The application of domestic denitrating technique, predominantly SNCR (non-selective catalytic reduction), SCR (selective catalytic reduction
Method) and low-temperature SCR.SNCR is the traditional handicraft of flue gas of refuse burning denitration, is widely applied at present, technology maturation.SCR technique by
In the flue gas of refuse burning ingredient the characteristics of, catalyst poisoning is easily caused, and the more difficult matching of flue-gas temperature, technique are difficult to select.It is low
Warm SCR technique palpus desulfurization, dedusting and heating, equally exist the easy intoxicating phenomenon of catalyst, operating cost is high, technical maturity
Difference, it is difficult to promote and apply.Due to the denitration efficiency of SNCR, generally 50% or so, therefore denitration efficiency is not generally high, NOX's
There are technical problems for deep purifying.
(2) dioxin is removed
Dioxin is one of the most important index that flue gas of refuse burning is administered.Control technology is mainly Combustion System at present,
And spray into activated carbon powder before bag filter and adsorbed, the dioxin-like chemical that absorption is not yet decomposed and synthesized again,
Other removing control technique for applying are seldom.
(3) demercuration
A large amount of mercury exists in the form of element mercury in flue gas of refuse burning, is in gaseous state, mainly passes through activated carbon powder
Adsorption is carried out, other removing control technique for applying are equally seldom.
(4) desulfurization, removing HF, HCl
The deacidification of the common process of garbage power plant at present, mainly semidry method, dry method acid removal process are removed.Semidry method is removed
There is the limitation of deacidification efficiency in acid, dry method acid removal process, lower discharge index may be implemented, but be difficult to fully achieve depth
The purpose of purified treatment.
In conclusion domestic flue gas of refuse burning processing traditional at present, although the discharge control of low concentration may be implemented
System, but as what environment protection emission criterion required is gradually increased, emission control becomes more and more difficult, especially NOX, two dislike
The control of English and mercury metal.And with the development of society, the depth comprehensive purifying requirement of smoke gas treatment is extremely urgent, this is needed
Realize a kind of advanced technique, Lai Tigao flue gas of refuse burning, which is administered, to be required, and realizes the technique purpose of depth comprehensive purifying.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace, the hairs
It is bright can particulate matter in cooperation-removal flue gas, nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide, dioxin, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury and other
Heavy metal realizes deep purifying, while realizing that fume high-temperature discharges.
To solve this technical problem, the technical scheme is that a kind of use plasma purification waste incineration
The technique of kiln gas, comprising the following steps:
A, denitration
Flue gas is passed through SNCR device, ammonia water spray is entered boiler internal and mixed with flue gas by SNCR device；Ammonia in ammonium hydroxide
With NO in flue gasxEquivalent proportion is 1.4 to 1.6；
B, low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant
It is passed through by the flue gas of step A to low-temperature plasma reactor, redox reaction occurs for the pollutant in flue gas
Or decomposition reaction；
C, semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds
The step B flue gas being discharged is passed through to semidry method rotary atomization device, semidry method rotary atomization device injection alkalinity
Solution droplets；Sour gas and alkaline solution in flue gas occur neutralization reaction and form salt particle；Bivalent mercury in flue gas is through alkali
Property solution absorption be evaporated by high-temperature flue gas after form dusting solid；
D, dioxin and remaining sour gas in activated carbon adsorption flue gas
Active carbon is sprayed in the flue gas being discharged to step C, and active carbon is by the dioxin and acid gas adsorption in flue gas；
Purifying smoke will be obtained after flue gas ash removal that step D is discharged.
It is preferred that the temperature of flue gas is 850 DEG C to 1100 DEG C at ammonia water spray in the step A.The present invention utilizes flue-gas temperature
The vaporization for promoting ammonium hydroxide, is uniformly mixed conducive to ammonium hydroxide and flue gas.
It is preferred that the discharge type of low-temperature plasma reactor is corona discharge or dielectric barrier discharge in the step B.
The reaction of low temperature plasma device is corona discharge form, the reaction unit of corona discharge form by inlet flue duct, deflector,
The composition such as reactor body, cathod system, anode system, exhaust pass, hot-air system and plasma pulse power supply.Dielectric impedance
Discharge type includes plasma pulse power supply, comprising inlet flue duct, deflector, dielectric and earthing pole etc..
It is preferred that the power supply crest voltage of low-temperature plasma reactor is 80KV to 85KV in the step B；Described low temperature etc.
The power supply pulsewidth of ion reactor is 0.25 μ s to 0.5 μ s.Low-temperature plasma reactor uses above-mentioned power supply crest voltage and electricity
Source pulsewidth is conducive to the cooperation of low-temperature plasma reactor and denitrating technique, makes full use of excessive NH3As activator and absorbent
Synergistic effect in purification process improves purification efficiency and clean-up effect.
It is preferred that the flue gas of step A discharge residence time in step B low-temperature plasma reactor is 1.5s to 2.5s.
Residence time of the control containing excessive flue gas in low-temperature plasma reactor, so that purifying smoke is abundant with low temperature plasma
Contact and reaction, so that NOx、SO2, the obstinate pollutant such as dioxin and Hg can thoroughly be converted into innocuous substance, specifically:
Flue gas after SNCR device denitration carries a small amount of NH3It is acted on through reaction of low temperature plasma, reaction of nitrogen oxides is nitre
Sour ammonia particulate matter and part NO2、HNO3, part of nitrogen oxides can be reduced to N2；SO2Gas is anti-in low temperature plasma
It answers in device, can be sulfate of ammoniac by part reaction, realize partial removal purpose；Element mercury will be generated by equal low-temperature plasma reactors
Free radical and other active particles be oxidized to mercury oxide, mercury chloride etc., bivalent mercury is converted to by element mercury, subsequent half-dried
Mercury oxide either mercury chloride is dissolved in the aqueous slkali contact that semidry method rotary atomization device ejects in method rotary atomization device
Since the higher baking and curing again of local environment temperature forms solid powder after dissolution, mercury element is collected；Other heavy metals
Corresponding oxidation reaction can occur in plasma reaction device for substance, and plasma reaction device high energy electron and electric field force are total to
Same-action promotes other heavy metal substances by adsorbing powder dust, is conducive to removing in the subsequent process.Dioxin low temperature etc. from
The reactions such as dechlorination, heterocycle fracture will occur under the action of free radical and other active particles that daughter reactor generates, finally
Generate CO2、CO、H2O, the inorganic gas small molecule such as HCl, thoroughly removes dioxin.The present invention is cooperated low using the denitration of SNCR device
Warm plasma reactor, which is used in conjunction, can effectively remove NOx、SO2, dioxin and Hg etc., good purification of the present invention.Especially for
The good purification of dioxin, decomposition efficiency is high, and the present invention is subsequent only to be needed using less active carbon.
It is preferred that the flue gas of step A discharge air-flow during entering step B low-temperature plasma reactor is relatively equal
Root difference is 0.15 to 0.2.At least one piece of air flow method is provided with by the entrance in low-temperature plasma reactor in the present invention
Plate arranges the air flow method and stream that play adjusting and enter flue gas in low-temperature plasma reactor of different percent openings and aperture size
The adjusting of speed.The present invention requires to calculate using opposite evaluation parameter of the root mean square as flow distribution evenness to air flow method
Formula is as follows:
In formula: Vi --- each measuring point wind speed；V --- section mean wind speed；N --- measuring point number.σrIndicate the gas of each measuring point
The dispersion degree of flow velocity degree and average speed, σrIt is poorer to be worth bigger expression electric field interior air-flow distributing homogeneity, generally requires σr≤
0.2 is qualification.
Airflow-distribution board plays certain barrier effect, a part of cigarette to the bulk gas for entering low-temperature plasma reactor
Gas directly passes through airflow-distribution board, and another part flue gas is moved along the edge of airflow-distribution board towards airflow-distribution board, flue gas
In the process of moving by the airflow-distribution board, before flue gas enters low-temperature plasma reactor, point of uniform flue gas
Cloth stablizes the flow velocity of flue gas, conducive to reaction of the flue gas in low-temperature plasma reactor.The airflow-distribution board includes plate body,
Plate body is equipped with stomata；The percent opening of the plate body is 40% to 60%；The airflow-distribution board is anti-towards the low-temperature plasma
The side of device is answered to be additionally provided with the deflector that multi-disc is arranged from top to bottom, the deflector includes the level among the plate body
Plate and multi-disc hang plate positioned at the level board two sides, positioned at described level board the same side the hang plate angularly towards
The plate body is obliquely installed.Equally distributed deflector ensure that smoke distribution uniformly, flow speed stability, flow to horizontal direction low temperature etc.
The flowing of ion device is conducive to improve the low-temperature plasma reactor removal efficiency；It is compared to and airflow-distribution board, this hair is not installed
The efficiency of bright removal pollutant improves 10% to 15%.Two airflow-distribution boards that may be provided with different openings rate in the present invention connect
With.The stomata of the plate body includes the first stomata and the second stomata, and first stomata is used for the area through flue gas compared with second
Stomata is small through the area of flue gas；Along horizontal direction, first stomata is located at the medium position of the plate body, and described second
Stomata is located at the two sides of first stomata.In the present invention due to be located at the first stomata in the middle part of plate body by the area of flue gas compared with
Area positioned at the second stomata of plate body two sides is big, and a large amount of flue gas cannot be from the first gas for being located at face air inlet position plate body
Hole passes through, and the flue gas that cannot pass through in time can be moved along plate body, thus be easier at left and right sides of the ontology by the second stomata
Pass through；Exhaust gas volumn is larger at first stomata, but transmission area is small；Exhaust gas volumn is relatively small at second stomata, but penetrates face
Product is big；Therefore entire airflow-distribution board is uniformly and balanced by flue gas.
It is preferred that the step C neutral and alkali solution atomization partial size is 30-50 μm.The small solution of atomization droplets diameter and flue gas are uniform
Contact, so that the denitration efficiency for using SNCR device is improved as far as possible, so that NH3It is dispersed in flue gas, is also conducive to cigarette
Gas NH after entering low-temperature plasma reactor3Use as activator and absorbent.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention is passed through excessive atomized ammonia denitration and low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant is used in conjunction, to cigarette to be processed
Excess atomized ammonium hydroxide is passed through in gas, excess of ammonia enters reaction of low temperature plasma device, NH3It is raw in plasma reaction device
At NH2, there is certain reproducibility, part nitrogen oxides is reduced to N2；The NH of a part3Play the role of activator；
Another part NH3With the NO in flue gasXAnd SO2React nitric acid ammonia particulate matter and sulfate of ammoniac, as removing in the middle part of flue gas
Divide NOXAnd SO2Absorbent.Therefore excessive NH is sprayed in denitrification process3, denitration is carried out compared to conventional ammonia amount is sprayed, due to
Reactant NH3It is excessive, it is conducive to reaction forward and carries out, improves the denitration efficiency of SNCR device；Excess of ammonia is as low temperature etc. simultaneously
Activator and absorbent in plasma reactor, synergistic effect realize NO in flue gasXAnd SO2Deep purifying administer, solve
The problem of SNCR device carries out the escaping of ammonia that denitration is easy to appear is used alone, while also improving the efficiency and effect of purification.
2, atomized ammonia increases smoke moisture in the present invention, is conducive to low temperature plasma in ammonia low-temperature plasma reactor according
Formation, in the identical residence time, low-temperature plasma concentration is higher, pollutant decompose and oxidation it is more thorough, conducive to flue gas
Thoroughly purification.
3, semidry method is used in conjunction except sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds in the present invention after low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant
Dioxin and remaining sour gas in activated carbon adsorption flue gas are recycled afterwards, and most dioxin is in low-temperature plasma
Small molecule is decomposed under the action of body, remaining excess of ammonia promotes the decomposition of dioxin after denitration, therefore the present invention is for adsorbing
The activated carbon dosage of dioxin significantly reduces, and has saved operating cost；The present invention utilizes low temperature plasma by element mercury simultaneously
Be converted into the divalent mercuric compounds such as mercury oxide or mercury chloride, after the aqueous slkali contact lysis that bivalent mercury and semidry method spray due to
The effect of high-temperature flue gas solidifies bivalent mercury again and forms dusting solid after alkaline solution absorption is evaporated by high-temperature flue gas, will be originally
The mercury element being present in flue gas traps in solid, prevents element mercury from entering in atmosphere in the form of simple substance, effective protection ring
Border.
4, the flue gas Jing Guo activated carbon adsorption is dusted by the present invention, the fine grained that gaseous pollutant in flue gas is generated
Substance, the particulate matter that semidry method rotating spraying technique generates, the divalent mercuric compounds trapped and active carbon particle etc.
Grain removes together, realizes the deep purifying of flue gas.
5, finally due to the direct outlet of chimney, the temperature of the flue gas of outlet is the flue gas in the present invention by comprehensive purifying
It is 110 DEG C to 130 DEG C, essentially identical with conventional spam incineration flue gas exhaust temperature, white cigarette will not be generated, without increasing flue gas heating
Disappear white device, reduces environmental pollution, and reduces equipment investment, cuts operating costs.
6, the present invention can be achieved including particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide, dioxin, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury and
The multiple pollutants such as other heavy metals are synchronous, the depth comprehensive purifying, it can be achieved that flue gas of refuse burning, NO is efficiently removed in depthX
< 50mg/Nm3, SO2< 35mg/Nm3, dioxin TEQ < 0.08ng/Nm3, while HF, HCl, mercury and other heavy is greatly lowered
The discharge index of metal.
To realize above-mentioned purpose.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the main view of airflow-distribution board in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of airflow-distribution board in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that flue gas passes through airflow-distribution board Principles of Regulation schematic diagram in the present invention.
In figure:
Incinerator 1；SNCR device 2；Waste heat boiler device 3；Low-temperature plasma reactor 4；Semidry method rotary atomization device
5；Flying dust treating system 6；Active powdered carbon injection apparatus 7；Bag filter 8.
Specific embodiment
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, being explained in detail below by specific embodiment the present invention
It states.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment discloses a kind of technique using 1 flue gas of plasma purification waste incinerator, specific work
Skill process is as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprise the steps that
A, denitration
Flue gas in incinerator 1 is passed through SNCR device 2, ammonia water spray is entered boiler internal by SNCR device 2 to be mixed with flue gas
It closes, the temperature of flue gas is 850 DEG C at ammonia water spray.NO in ammonia and flue gas in the present embodiment in ammonium hydroxidexEquivalent proportion is 1.4；This
Embodiment promotes the vaporization of ammonium hydroxide using flue-gas temperature, is uniformly mixed conducive to ammonium hydroxide and flue gas, while also carrying out to flue gas
Cooling.Mixed flue gas is passed through the cooling of waste heat boiler 3.
B, low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant
It is passed through by the flue gas of step A to low-temperature plasma reactor 4, redox reaction occurs for the pollutant in flue gas
Or decomposition reaction；
The discharge type of low-temperature plasma reactor 4 is corona discharge or dielectric barrier discharge.The low-temperature plasma
Reactor 4 is corona discharge form, and the reaction unit of corona discharge form is by inlet flue duct, deflector 92, reactor body, yin
The composition such as electrode systems, anode system, exhaust pass, hot-air system and plasma pulse power supply.Dielectric barrier discharge form includes
Plasma pulse power supply includes inlet flue duct, deflector 92, dielectric and earthing pole etc..
The power supply crest voltage of low-temperature plasma reactor 4 is 80KV；The power supply pulsewidth of the low-temperature plasma reactor 4
For 0.5 μ s.Low-temperature plasma reactor 4 is conducive to low-temperature plasma reactor 4 using above-mentioned power supply crest voltage and power supply pulsewidth
With the cooperation of denitrating technique, excessive NH is made full use of3As the synergistic effect of activator and absorbent in purification process, improve
Purification efficiency and clean-up effect.
Flue gas residence time in low-temperature plasma reactor 4 is 1.5s.Control is containing excessive flue gas in low-temperature plasma
Residence time in reactor 4, so that purifying smoke comes into full contact with and reacts with low temperature plasma, so that NOx、SO2, two dislike
The pollutant of the stubbornness such as English and Hg can thoroughly be converted into innocuous substance, specifically: mixed flue gas is after 2 denitration of SNCR device
Flue gas carry a small amount of NH3It is acted on through reaction of low temperature plasma, reaction of nitrogen oxides is nitric acid ammonia particulate matter and part NO2、
HNO3, part of nitrogen oxides can be reduced to N2；SO2Gas in low-temperature plasma reactor 4, can by part reaction be
Sulfate of ammoniac realizes partial removal purpose；Element mercury is by the free radical generated by equal low-temperature plasma reactors 4 and other active grains
Son is oxidized to mercury oxide, mercury chloride etc., is converted to bivalent mercury by element mercury, in subsequent semidry method rotary atomization device 5
With removal；Corresponding oxidation reaction, high energy in subsequent step can occur in low-temperature plasma reactor for other heavy metal substances
The collective effect of electronics and electric field force promotes other heavy metal substances by adsorbing powder dust, is conducive to removing in the subsequent process.
Under the action of the free radical and other active particles that low-temperature plasma reactor 4 generates dechlorination, heterocycle will occur for dioxin
The reaction such as fracture, ultimately generates CO2、CO、H2O, the inorganic gas small molecule such as HCl, thoroughly removes dioxin.The present invention uses
2 denitration of SNCR device cooperation low-temperature plasma reactor 4, which is used in conjunction, can effectively remove NOx、SO2, dioxin and Hg etc., this hair
Bright good purification.Especially for the good purification of dioxin, excess of ammonia also plays the decomposition of dioxin in denitration
Certain facilitation that becomes, dioxin decomposition efficiency is high, and the activated carbon dosage that the present embodiment is subsequently used for absorption is reduced, cost drop
It is low.
The opposite root-mean-square deviation of flue gas air-flow during entering low-temperature plasma reactor 4 is 0.15 to 0.2.Such as Fig. 2
To shown in Fig. 4, by being provided at least one piece of airflow-distribution board 9 in the entrance of low-temperature plasma reactor 4 in the present invention, arrange
The adjusting of playing of different percent openings and aperture size enters the air flow method of flue gas and the tune of flow velocity in low-temperature plasma reactor 4
Section.The bulk gas that airflow-distribution board 9 enters low-temperature plasma reactor 4 plays certain barrier effect, and part of smoke is straight
Airflow-distribution board 9 was connected, another part flue gas is moved along the edge of airflow-distribution board 9 towards airflow-distribution board 9, and flue gas exists
By the airflow-distribution board 9 in mobile process, before flue gas enters low-temperature plasma reactor 4, point of uniform flue gas
Cloth stablizes the flow velocity of flue gas, conducive to reaction of the flue gas in low-temperature plasma reactor 4.The airflow-distribution board 9 includes plate body
90, plate body 90 is equipped with stomata 91；The percent opening of the plate body 90 is 40% to 60%；The airflow-distribution board 9 is towards described low
The side of warm plasma reactor 4 is additionally provided with the deflector 92 that multi-disc is arranged from top to bottom, and the deflector 92 includes being located at institute
The level board 921 among plate body 90 and the multi-disc hang plate 922 positioned at 921 two sides of level board are stated, the level board is located at
The hang plate 922 of 921 the same sides is angularly obliquely installed towards the plate body 90.Equally distributed deflector 92 ensure that
Smoke distribution is uniform, flow speed stability, flows to the flowing of horizontal direction low-temperature plasma device, is conducive to improve the low-temperature plasma reactor
4 removal efficiency；It is compared to and airflow-distribution board 9 is not installed, the efficiency that the present invention removes pollutant improves 10% to 15%.This hair
Two airflow-distribution boards 9 that may be provided with different openings rate in bright are used in conjunction.The stomata 91 of the plate body 90 includes 911 He of the first stomata
Second stomata 912, the area that first stomata 911 is used to penetrate flue gas are small through the area of flue gas compared with the second stomata 912；Edge
Horizontal direction, first stomata 911 be located at the medium position of the plate body 90, second stomata 912 is located at described the
The two sides of one stomata 911.Since the first stomata 911 for being located at 90 middle part of plate body is relatively located at plate by the area of flue gas in the present invention
The area of second stomata 912 of 90 two sides of body is big, and a large amount of flue gas cannot be from positioned at the first of face air inlet position plate body 90
Stomata 911 passes through, and the flue gas that cannot pass through in time can be moved along plate body 90, be easier at left and right sides of the ontology by the second gas
Hole 912 passes through；Exhaust gas volumn is larger at first stomata 911, but transmission area is small；Exhaust gas volumn is relatively small at second stomata 912,
But transmission area is big；Therefore entire airflow-distribution board 9 is uniformly and balanced by flue gas.
C, semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds
The step B flue gas being discharged is passed through to the second stomata 91, semidry method rotating spraying is provided with rotation spray in absorption tower
Day with fog, calcium hydroxide solution are atomized by atomizer by slurries supply system and are sprayed into tower, and atomizing particle size is about 30-50 μm, mist
The NO of generation is reacted in the drop of change and low temperature plasma reactor 42、HNO3, remaining SO2, HCl, HF, bivalent mercury with
And absorbing reaction occurs for the flying dust of absorption heavy metal.Wherein SO2Calcium sulfite, calcium sulfite and NO are generated with calcium hydroxide reaction2
Reaction, ultimately generates sulfate and N2, realize NOXReduction；Calcium hydroxide and HNO3, HCl, HF etc. acid-base neutralization reaction occurs,
Generate calcium nitrate, calcium chloride and calcirm-fluoride etc.；Bivalent mercury in flue gas is formed after alkaline solution absorption is evaporated by high-temperature flue gas
Dusting solid；
The small solution of atomization droplets diameter is uniformly contacted with flue gas, to improve the denitration for using SNCR device 2 as far as possible
Efficiency, so that NH3It is dispersed in flue gas, is also conducive to flue gas NH after entering low-temperature plasma reactor 43As activator
With the use of absorbent.
D, dioxin and remaining sour gas in activated carbon adsorption flue gas
Between semidry method rotary atomization device 5 and bag filter 8, active powdered carbon injection apparatus 7 is introduced.To step C
Spray active carbon in the flue gas of discharge, active carbon is by the dioxin and acid gas adsorption in flue gas；Because low-temperature plasma reacts
Most dioxin is degraded to nontoxic small molecule structure in device 4, the active powdered carbon amount of injection is reduced compared with common process
More than half, activated carbon dosage 80mg/m3。
Purifying smoke will be obtained after flue gas ash removal that step D is discharged.
A, dusting solid particle is formed after the salts substances and serous granule generated in B and step C are cured by ash discharging hole
Discharge, is uniformly processed by flying dust treating system 6.
Bag filter 8,8 material selection PTFE of bag filter, gaseous pollutant life will be passed through by the flue gas of step D
At thin particulate matter, semidry method rotary atomization device 5 particulate matter and active carbon particle etc. that generate, with the dust in flue gas
It is removed together in bag filter 8, realizes final depth comprehensive purifying purpose.
The present embodiment use is passed through excessive atomized ammonia denitration and is used in conjunction with low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant, to wait locate
It is passed through Excess atomized ammonium hydroxide in reason flue gas, excess of ammonia enters low-temperature plasma reactor 4, NH3In low-temperature plasma reactor 4
Middle generation NH2, there is certain reproducibility, part nitrogen oxides is reduced to N2, the NH of this part3Play activator
Effect；Another part NH3With the NO in flue gasXAnd SO2React nitric acid ammonia particulate matter and sulfate of ammoniac, as removing
Part NO in flue gasXAnd SO2Absorbent.Therefore excessive NH is sprayed in denitrification process3, carried out compared to conventional ammonia amount is sprayed
Denitration, due to reactant NH3It is excessive, it is conducive to reaction forward and carries out, improves the denitration efficiency of SNCR device 2；Excess of ammonia simultaneously
As the activator and absorbent in low-temperature plasma reactor 4, synergistic effect realizes NO in flue gasXAnd SO2Deep purifying control
Reason solves the problems, such as that the progress denitration of SNCR device 2, which is used alone, is easy to appear the escaping of ammonia.
Atomized ammonia increases smoke moisture in the present embodiment, is conducive to low temperature plasma in ammonia low-temperature plasma reactor 4
Formation, in the identical residence time, low-temperature plasma bulk concentration is higher, pollutant decompose and oxidation it is more thorough, be conducive to flue gas
Thorough purification.
Semidry method is used in conjunction in the present embodiment after low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant and removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds,
Recycle dioxin and remaining sour gas in activated carbon adsorption flue gas, due to most dioxin low temperature etc. from
It is decomposed into small molecule under the action of daughter, therefore is significantly reduced in the present embodiment for adsorbing the activated carbon dosage of dioxin, section
About operating cost.
Flue gas Jing Guo activated carbon adsorption is dusted by the present embodiment, the fine grained that gaseous pollutant in flue gas is generated
The particles such as particulate matter and active carbon particle that substance, semidry method rotating spraying technique generate remove together, realize flue gas
Deep purifying.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and the main distinction of embodiment 1 are: ammonia and NO in denitrification processxEquivalent proportion, use low temperature etc.
Residence time of gas ions decomposing pollutant, crest voltage and rising edge are wide, and activated carbon dosage is specifically distinguished as shown in Table 1 below.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment and the main distinction of embodiment 1 are: ammonia and NO in denitrification processxEquivalent proportion, use low temperature etc.
Residence time of gas ions decomposing pollutant, crest voltage and rising edge are wide, and activated carbon dosage is specifically distinguished as shown in Table 1 below.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment and the main distinction of embodiment 1 are: ammonia and NO in denitrification processxEquivalent proportion, use low temperature etc.
Residence time of gas ions decomposing pollutant, crest voltage and rising edge are wide, and activated carbon dosage is specifically distinguished as shown in Table 1 below.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment and the main distinction of embodiment 1 are: ammonia and NO in denitrification processxEquivalent proportion, use low temperature etc.
Residence time of gas ions decomposing pollutant, crest voltage and rising edge are wide, and activated carbon dosage is specifically distinguished as shown in Table 1 below.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment and the main distinction of embodiment 1 are: ammonia and NO in denitrification processxEquivalent proportion, use low temperature etc.
Residence time of gas ions decomposing pollutant, crest voltage and rising edge are wide, and activated carbon dosage is specifically distinguished as shown in Table 1 below.
1 embodiment of table, 1 to 6 purifying smoke uses technological parameter list
Comparative example
Certain consumer waste incineration power plant, 1500 tons of daily burning domestic garbage.Comparative example uses 2 denitration of SNCR device, will
Flue gas after denitration removes sour gas using semidry method rotating spraying, is further absorbed using white lime either sodium bicarbonate
Acidic materials in flue gas, using activated carbon adsorption dioxin and cloth bag dedusting process combination removing flue gas in sulfur dioxide,
Nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, the purge cases of HCl, HF and dioxin are as shown in table 2.
2 comparative example purifying smoke pollutant situation list of table
Comparative example and the comparison list of 1 to 6 gas cleaning index of embodiment are as shown in Table 3 below.
3 embodiment of table, 1 to 6 gas cleaning index list
As known from Table 3 by the flue gas of comprehensive purifying of the present invention finally due to the direct outlet of chimney, discharged gas fume temperature is
It is 110 DEG C to 130 DEG C, essentially identical with conventional spam incineration flue gas exhaust temperature, white cigarette will not be generated, without increasing flue gas heating
Disappear white device, reduces environmental pollution, and reduces equipment investment, cuts operating costs.
It is known from Table 3 that technical solution of the embodiment 1 into embodiment 6 realize include particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide,
The multiple pollutants such as dioxin, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury and other heavy metals are synchronous, are efficiently removed in depth, it can be achieved that rubbish is burnt
Burn the depth comprehensive purifying of flue gas, NOX< 50mg/Nm3, SO2< 35mg/Nm3, dioxin TEQ < 0.08ng/Nm3, while substantially
Degree reduces the discharge index of HF, HCl, mercury and other heavy metals.The removal effect of every pollutant is superior to comparative example.
As can be seen from the above description embodiment provided by the invention by low-temperature plasma reactor 4 and SNCR,
The process unit that semidry method rotary atomization device 5, active powdered carbon injection apparatus 7 and bag filter 8 are combined can be realized a variety of
The association of pollutant (including particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide, dioxin, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury and other heavy metals)
Same, efficient to be removed in depth, entire process unit is generated without waste water, and without secondary pollution, waste incinerator is finally realized in energy-saving and emission-reduction
The depth comprehensive purifying of 1 flue gas discharges.
It should be appreciated that the technical concepts and features of above-described embodiment only to illustrate the invention, its object is to allow be familiar with this
The personage of item technology cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence according to the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
A, denitration
Flue gas is passed through SNCR device, ammonia water spray is entered boiler internal and mixed with flue gas by SNCR device；Ammonia and cigarette in ammonium hydroxide
NO in gasxEquivalent proportion is 1.4 to 1.6；
B, low temperature plasma decomposing pollutant
Be passed through by the flue gas of step A to low-temperature plasma reactor, the pollutant in flue gas occur redox reaction or
Decomposition reaction；
C, semidry method removes sour gas and divalent mercuric compounds
The step B flue gas being discharged is passed through to semidry method rotary atomization device, semidry method rotary atomization device sprays alkaline solution
Drop；Sour gas and alkaline solution in flue gas occur neutralization reaction and form salt particle；Bivalent mercury in flue gas is molten through alkalinity
Liquid absorption forms dusting solid after being evaporated by high-temperature flue gas；
D, dioxin and remaining sour gas in activated carbon adsorption flue gas
Active carbon is sprayed in the flue gas being discharged to step C, and active carbon is by the dioxin and acid gas adsorption in flue gas；
Purifying smoke will be obtained after flue gas ash removal that step D is discharged.
2. a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the temperature of flue gas is 850 DEG C to 1100 DEG C at ammonia water spray in the step A.
3. a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the power supply crest voltage of low-temperature plasma reactor is 80KV to 85KV in the step B；The low-temperature plasma reactor
Power supply pulsewidth be 0.25 μ s to 0.5 μ s.
4. a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the flue gas of step A discharge residence time in step B low-temperature plasma reactor is 1.5s to 2.5s.
5. a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the flue gas of the step A discharge opposite root-mean-square deviation of air-flow during entering step B low-temperature plasma reactor is
0.15 to 0.2.
6. a kind of technique using plasma purification flue gas of garbage furnace as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the step C neutral and alkali solution atomization partial size is 30-50 μm.
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| PCT/CN2019/116661 WO2020098573A1 (en) | 2018-09-08 | 2019-11-08 | Process employing low-temperature plasma to purify waste incinerator flue gas |
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Cited By (4)
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| WO2020098573A1 (en) * | 2018-09-08 | 2020-05-22 | 浙江大维高新技术股份有限公司 | Process employing low-temperature plasma to purify waste incinerator flue gas |
| CN111389196A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-10 | 安吉旺能再生资源利用有限公司 | Flue gas low-temperature plasma co-processing method and system |
| CN112337291A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-09 | 河北卓越电气有限责任公司 | Plasma desulfurization, denitrification and demercuration process |
| CN115957826A (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-04-14 | 常熟理工学院 | Low-temperature plasma irradiation regeneration method of waste denitration catalyst and regenerated denitration catalyst |
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| CN114917737A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-19 | 中国科学院大学 | Low-temperature plasma device for processing dioxin |
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