CN109598029A - One kind being applied to high methane coal road CO2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing - Google Patents
One kind being applied to high methane coal road CO2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109598029A CN109598029A CN201811348743.2A CN201811348743A CN109598029A CN 109598029 A CN109598029 A CN 109598029A CN 201811348743 A CN201811348743 A CN 201811348743A CN 109598029 A CN109598029 A CN 109598029A
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- fracturing
- coal
- presplitting
- design method
- pressure gas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation
Abstract
This application discloses one kind to be applied to high methane coal road CO2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, design method comprise steps of determining that the relevant design parameter of presplitting technology, wherein pre- ceasma is equipped with the wedge groove to realize orientation presplitting；According to the relevant design parameter of the presplitting technology, to the orientation CO of coal body2Process that presplitting is anti-reflection carries out numerical simulation, wherein is being oriented CO2In fracturing simulation process, the anti-reflection process of the presplitting of coal body is considered as two-dimensional problems, plane strain mechanical model is established, the boundary condition of model is determined according to measurement result；According to the numerical simulation result of blasting cartridge directional fracturing, pressure break crack propagation regional scope, prediction orientation CO are obtained 2Effect of the fracturing to coal bed gas extraction.
Description
Technical field
The present disclosure relates generally to coal road production technique fields, and in particular to one kind is applied to high methane coal road CO2High pressure gas
The design method of body fracturing.
Background technique
Many coal mines in China are highly gassy mine at present, and with being continuously increased for coal demand total amount, exploitation has continued
It is promoted to deep, gas bearing content increases considerably in deep fractures.It is conventional for deep low-permeable high gas layer
The methods of such as pre- pumping of gas drainage method, this drainage from coal seam, it is difficult to effectively make a large amount of separate outs of the gas in coal seam, cause
Gas pressure is very big in coal seam.The problem of being primarily present has: drilling, effective coverage is small, and construction workload is big, drainage efficient
It is low, it needs to take the effective technologies measures such as anti-reflection release, the effective coverage of expansion drilling, raising borehole sealing effect, to reach
To the purpose for improving gas drainage efficiency.During heading driving, gas exceeding limit situation occurs again and again, reduces tunnel pick
It into speed, influences normally to take over work, seriously affects the normal production of safety of development end.It is high how coal seam driving is effectively solved
The influence of gas is very urgent.
For the bearing features of coal seam high methane, existing coal seam development end has carried out some effective trial work, i.e.,
Using CO2Technology that presplitting is anti-reflection.CO is utilized in heading high methane location2Presplitting technology expands the gas permeability in coal seam, makes
Gas extraction concentration is obtained to greatly increase.But presplitting but also coalmass crevasse distribution as compared with the past, extended amplitude is bigger, coal seam
The degree of crushing of back is even more serious.For gas pumping effect, when presplitting range is larger, extracting result is better.But
If being that presplitting is excessive, easily cause development end roof fall accident.Using what kind of design method, gas pumping effect both can guarantee
While, and can effectively reinforce fall of ground control, it is prior art technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In view of drawbacks described above in the prior art or deficiency, it is intended to provide a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO2High pressure gas
The design method of body fracturing.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application, which provides one kind, is applied to high methane coal road CO2The design of high pressure gas fracturing
Method, comprising the following steps:
The relevant design parameter of presplitting technology is determined, wherein pre- ceasma is equipped with the wedge groove to realize orientation presplitting；
According to the relevant design parameter of the presplitting technology, to the orientation CO of coal body2Process that presplitting is anti-reflection carries out numerical simulation,
In, it is being oriented CO2In fracturing simulation process, the anti-reflection process of the presplitting of coal body is considered as two-dimensional problems, establishes plane strain
Mechanical model determines the boundary condition of model according to measurement result；
According to the numerical simulation result of blasting cartridge directional fracturing, pressure break crack propagation regional scope, prediction orientation are obtained
CO 2Effect of the fracturing to coal bed gas extraction.
According to the geological conditions of coal road and crack situation, the mechanics parameter of coal and rock in the numerical simulation is determined, it is ensured that
The case where numerical simulation, is consistent with Practical Project geological condition.
The numerical simulation considers the rock failure mechanism of rock and fluid structurecoupling problem, it is ensured that the accuracy of simulation.
The numerical simulation is simulated using true rupture process analysis RFPA system.
The orientation CO to coal body2It is to simulate splitting for the pre- ceasma of orientation that process that presplitting is anti-reflection, which carries out numerical simulation,
Gap extended area range, obtains the affecting laws in a fracturing hole.
It further include the CO to coal body2Process that presplitting is anti-reflection carries out Three-dimensional simulation, obtains crack propagation under the conditions of fracturing
The Three-dimensional simulation of rule, non-directional fracturing hole is combined with the Two-dimensional numerical simulation in orientation fracturing hole, can be more fully
Reflect the antireflective propagation law of presplitting.
Crack propagation rule includes under the conditions of the acquisition fracturing, obtains the crack growth situation of explosion different phase.
It carries out in the Three-dimensional simulation, according to meteorological post-fracturing Fractured zone radius, determines the spacing in fracturing hole, make
The layout in fracturing hole is more scientific and reasonable.
Design method further includes comparing and analyzing to single hole pressure break drawing and deflating flux before and after directional fracturing, to detect the number
The orientation CO being worth under simulated conditions2Extracting result of the fracturing to coal-bed gas.Numerical simulation is combined with field test, it is ensured that is set
Count the accurate reasonable of parameter.
It is provided by the embodiments of the present application to be applied to high methane coal road CO2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, for CO2It causes
It splits and generates the non-directional of crack, propose orientation CO2Fracturing technology, i.e., in CO2Blasting cartridge opens wedge groove in advance, artificial to control
Crack propagation direction.Non-directional fracturing technology is compared, using numerical simulation technology, after discovery orients fracturing, around fracturing hole
Form more uniform fractured zones range.And fractured zones are substantially along driving coal seam tunneling direction, roof crack point
Cloth is smaller, well ensures the stability in tunnel.
Detailed description of the invention
By reading a detailed description of non-restrictive embodiments in the light of the attached drawings below, the application's is other
Feature, objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 shows orientation CO2Pressure break crack propagation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 shows coal petrography mechanics parameter tables；
Fig. 3 shows orientation CO2Fracturing model schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 shows orientation CO2Pressure break fractured zones situation；
Fig. 5 shows coal bed gas extraction complexity table；
Fig. 6 shows gas flow comparison before and after single hole directional fracturing；
Fig. 7 shows the extended mode in 10 blasting cartridge initial stage cracks；
Fig. 8 shows the extended mode in 10 blasting cartridge middle and later periods cracks；
Fig. 9 shows the extended mode in 15 blasting cartridge initial stage cracks；
Figure 10 shows the extended mode in 15 blasting cartridge middle and later periods cracks；
Damage -form when Figure 11 shows 110us around drilling；
Occurs radial lead crack when Figure 12 shows 340us around drilling；
Radial lead crack when Figure 13 shows 550us around drilling further expands；
Figure 14 shows the final form of crack propagation.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is
A part of the invention is instead of all the embodiments.For ease of description, part relevant to invention is illustrated only in attached drawing.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the embodiment of the present invention for usually describing and showing in this figure
Component can arrange and design with a variety of different configurations.It is understood that specific embodiment described herein is only
It is only used for explaining related invention, rather than the restriction to the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Normal 23 exploiting field adhesive tape of village's mine development end coal body of going down the hill is soft, in CO2Under Fracturing, development end fractured zones are more former
For raw crack, distributed areas are had changed a lot.When fractured zones range is larger, easily development end is caused to emit top flat
Phenomena such as side, it is difficult to the generation of effective roof caving control；When fractured zones range is smaller, the gas bearing capacity of preservation is still very big, extraction
It is ineffective.Therefore, we study fractured zones rule, are substantially for extracting result and anti-roof fall service, after can also being
Phase roof fall control technology provides certain reference.
Using CO2Fracturing technical role is found in adhesive tape go-downhill roadway: cranny development range is larger, but cranny development
Direction is very random, and having no rule can say.To splitting for the crack range and roof direction generated along the coal seam of tunneling direction
Gap range is larger, although being advantageous to the extraction of free gas, is easier to cause the roof fall of development end simultaneously, there is
Security risk.The application has carried out orientation CO2The associated analog of fracturing technology is studied, to provide better arrangement and method for construction.
1.CO2Orient fracturing technical principle
CO2Fracturing technology is oriented compared with traditional fracturing technology, the crack propagation direction of generation is controllable, to swimming in extraction coal seam
Advantageously from gas and roof caving control.So-called orientation refers to that, using related art method, the crack that control explosion generates is expanded
Direction is opened up, such as opens wedge groove in advance in blasting cartridge relevant position.
It generates in plane of weakness first according to coal and rock crack in fracturing process and develops this objective fact, propose CO2Orientation
Fracturing technique artificially creates plane of weakness, crack is generated to directional hole direction during induced fractures that is, by increasing directional fracturing hole
With extension, to make full use of liquid CO2Pressure break energy eliminates non-directional CO2Pressure break, there are stress raisers after pressure break
The phenomenon that with release blind area, achievees the purpose that the anti-reflection extinction of whole release.As shown in Figure 1, being using orientation CO2After pressure break
Coalmass crevasse extend schematic diagram.
2.CO2Orient fracturing simulation
Orient CO2Pressure break is related to the problems such as rock failure mechanism of rock and fluid structurecoupling, is carried out using true rupture process analysis RFPA system
Simulation.Two-dimensional problems are regarded as, plane strain mechanical model is established.According to underground survey as a result, model by vertical stress about
For 12.5MPa.Entire model partition is 400 × 400 units, and the gas initial pressure of model is 2.85MPa.Other mechanics ginsengs
Number is identical as Fig. 2.The orientation fracturing illustraton of model being illustrated in figure 3 under 15 blasting cartridge effects.
From the fractured zones situation of Fig. 4 it can be seen that compared with non-directional pressure break, between 15 blasting cartridge directional fracturings
Cranny development is obviously more, and due to the guiding role of directional hole, generates around the pressure break hole after pressure break inside coal and rock
One near cylindrical compression pulverize circle and one run through fracturing fracture face along pressure break hole and directional hole line of centres direction,
Achieve the purpose that control and be mutually communicated between the orientation extension of pressure break crack, Kong Yukong, the more homogeneous area that fracturing hole is formed
Length is 36m, and for being 29m compared with the crack range that non-directional fracturing is formed, range increased simulation and work well.Effectively solution
Determined non-directional CO2When pressure break pressure break crackle in coal body unordered extension, easily occur after pressure break stress concentrate and pressure break hole it
Between there is the problems such as gas flow barrier.
In order to detect orientation CO2Fracturing is to the effect of coal bed gas extraction, to single hole pressure break extraction stream before and after directional fracturing
Amount has carried out comparative analysis.It chooses 3 pre- holes of taking out and carries out traffic statistics, record before pressure break 20d Gas-Flow after 20d and pressure break respectively
Amount, is averaged and maps, as shown in Figure 6.
Learnt by geological exploration data: adhesive tape go down the hill driving face coal porosity in 3.95-4.26%, gas permeability system
Number is in 0.003237~0.2419m2/Mpa2.d, and hundred meters of drilling gas flows are in 0.02m3/min, and attenuation coefficient is in 0.2173d-
1, gas diffusion initial speed 14.4-16.335mmHg.Shown in fig. 5 is coal bed gas extraction complexity table, can be recognized by table
Determine the coal seam 3# where adhesive tape is gone down the hill to belong to compared with hard-pumped mining coal seam.
3 investigation drillings are 6m away from pressure break hole, and maximum extraction concentration is 9% before pressure break, and flow is 6.2 × 10-3m3/
Min decayed to zero after about 7 days.Single hole gas drainage under suction concentration to 16%, take out up to 28.2 × 10-3m3/min by flow after pressure break
Concentration is put to stablize.Extraction concentration averagely increases 80%, and gas flow rises 390%.Gas pumping effect is obvious, meets big
Measure the target of the extraction free gas from coal seam.
3. fractured zones numerical simulator and CO2Fractured zones law study under fracturing
Using Three Dimensional Dynamic Analysis software ANSYS_LS-DYNA3D to CO2In rockhole liquid gas phase conversion fracturing effect into
Row numerical simulation studies crack propagation rule under the conditions of fracturing.Fig. 2 is the rock reaction force that adhesive tape is gone down the hill.
As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, explosive is that high pressure stress wave causes drilling surrounding medium first after explosion in drilling
Strong squeezing action makes surrounding medium generate blastic deformation, compression, even destroy.In blasting process, the different time, coal
Different variations occurs in body, in crack initial stage, since strong stress wave perturbation action first generates main crack, stress
The diminuendo of wave disturbance effect, main crack are reduced as time increases, stop extending after a certain period of time.
It is analyzed according to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, at explosion initial stage, main crack is developed substantially along the direction XY, considers that reason is strong rushes
Hit involve the direct wedge of detonation gas cause crack growth present unidirectional.It is middle and later periods, quick-fried due to stress wave diminuendo
Angry body effect becomes smaller, and secondary interstice germinates.It can analyze and learn from Fig. 7 and the comparison of two group picture of Fig. 8, secondary crackle is main
It is the middle and later periods completed in explosion, this is similar to basic understandings, from explosion in the development that coal body crackle acts on, more in
In the later period, blast action is smaller, and cranny development is also more unobvious, is more the secondary crackle that extends on the basis of lead crack,
Thus its directionality is disorderly and unsystematic, also without consistency.When 10 carbon dioxide blasting cartridges, that is, fracturing pipe range 40m, development end coal
Body crack propagation is up to 18m, and coverage is larger, and function and effect are good.
Similar with 10 explosion tube models of simulation after explosion starts as shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, explosive is in drilling implosion
That high pressure stress wave causes strong squeezing action to drilling surrounding medium first after fried, make surrounding medium generate blastic deformation,
Compression even destroys.
In blasting process, based on being developed with lead crack strong stress wave perturbation action early period, then as the time
Passage, stress wave perturbation action diminuendo, main crack reduced as time increases, until stopping extending after a certain period of time.
It is analyzed according to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, at explosion initial stage, main crack is developed substantially along the direction XY, and crackle is clearly and more, considers former
Because causing crack growth that unidirectional is presented because strong impact involves the direct wedge of detonation gas.Middle and later periods, by
In stress wave diminuendo, detonation gas effect becomes smaller, and secondary interstice germinates.Compared with 10 explosion tube models, 15 quick-fried
Broken tube model shows that main crack caused by explosion is more, and development length is longer, and secondary interstice becomes apparent, and crack is more,
Coal body gas permeability is bigger, and gas migration is easier, more advantageous to coal bed gas extraction.15 carbon dioxide blasting cartridge, that is, fracturing pipes
When long 60m, the extension of development end coalmass crevasse is up to 29m, and coverage is very big, and function and effect fully meet development end production peace
It is complete to require.
By the above numerical simulation analysis it is found that as shown in figures 11-14, starting around blasthole when 110us after gas phase pressure break
It is now a wide range of to destroy, start radial lead crack occur around blasthole when 340us, lead crack item number is 4.Subsequent lead crack and time
Crackle continues to extend, and secondary direction of crack propagation has certain randomness, and the principal direction of lead crack extension is radially to expand
Exhibition, but be certain randomness in topical manifestations.It is 5 that lead crack item number, which increases, when 550us.Five masters after crack propagation terminates
The extension length of crackle is respectively 10.4m, 8.0m, 9.8m, 10.2m, 11.2m, average length 9.92m.Bore diameter is 115mm
When, the Fractured zone radius in the case where 23 exploiting field adhesive tape of Chang Cunkuang goes down the hill development end after gas phase pressure break around drilling is about 10m, therefore really
Fixed reasonable fracturing pitch of holes is 20m.
Found by research to development end crack propagation rule: after carbon dioxide pressure break, crack, which is in, constantly to be expanded
In the stage, final to stablize in 10m or so, crack propagation range is larger, is conducive to gas and dissociates, gas drainage amount will greatly increase.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and the explanation to institute's application technology principle.Those skilled in the art
Member is it should be appreciated that invention scope involved in the application, however it is not limited to technology made of the specific combination of above-mentioned technical characteristic
Scheme, while should also cover in the case where not departing from the inventive concept, it is carried out by above-mentioned technical characteristic or its equivalent feature
Any combination and the other technical solutions formed.Such as features described above has similar function with (but being not limited to) disclosed herein
Can technical characteristic replaced mutually and the technical solution that is formed.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, which comprises the following steps:
The relevant design parameter of presplitting technology is determined, wherein pre- ceasma is equipped with the wedge groove to realize orientation presplitting；
According to the relevant design parameter of the presplitting technology, to the orientation CO of coal body2Process that presplitting is anti-reflection carries out numerical simulation,
In, it is being oriented CO2In fracturing simulation process, the anti-reflection process of the presplitting of coal body is considered as two-dimensional problems, establishes plane strain
Mechanical model determines the boundary condition of model according to measurement result；
According to the numerical simulation result of blasting cartridge directional fracturing, pressure break crack propagation regional scope, prediction orientation CO are obtained 2
Effect of the fracturing to coal bed gas extraction.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, according to the geological conditions of coal road and crack situation, determines the mechanics parameter of coal and rock in the numerical simulation.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, the numerical simulation considers the rock failure mechanism of rock and fluid structurecoupling problem.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, the numerical simulation is simulated using true rupture process analysis RFPA system.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, the orientation CO to coal body2It is to simulate the crack of a pre- ceasma of orientation that process that presplitting is anti-reflection, which carries out numerical simulation,
Extended area range.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, further includes the CO to coal body2Process that presplitting is anti-reflection carries out Three-dimensional simulation, and crack propagation is advised under the conditions of obtaining fracturing
Rule.
7. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, crack propagation rule includes under the conditions of the acquisition fracturing, obtains the crack growth situation of explosion different phase.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, carries out in the Three-dimensional simulation, according to meteorological post-fracturing Fractured zone radius, determines the spacing in fracturing hole.
9. according to claim 1 a kind of applied to high methane coal road CO 2The design method of high pressure gas fracturing, feature
It is, design method further includes comparing and analyzing to single hole pressure break drawing and deflating flux before and after directional fracturing, to detect the numerical value
Orientation CO under simulated conditions2Extracting result of the fracturing to coal-bed gas.
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