CN112483068B - Inclination angle determination method for pre-splitting blasting drill hole of advance top plate of coal face - Google Patents
Inclination angle determination method for pre-splitting blasting drill hole of advance top plate of coal face Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 208000008918 voyeurism Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000144985 peep Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining an inclination angle of a pre-splitting blasting drill hole of an advance top plate of a coal face, which comprises the steps of firstly determining the position of the pre-splitting blasting of the advance top plate of the face, and determining the initial pressure position and the periodic pressure step distance of the face; then, in a stoping roadway of an adjacent working surface of the goaf, constructing two drill hole groups to the goaf, and detecting each drill hole by using a drill hole peeping device in the same time period; segmenting by using crack-free, micro-crack distribution and macro-crack distribution, and respectively drawing goaf roof crack distribution drilling hole column diagrams of the two drilling hole groups; comparing the two graphs, and determining sections in which micro cracks and macro cracks in the blasting horizon relatively do not develop in the top plate crack distribution histogram of the second drill hole group; connecting lines with two sides of the relatively unexplored segment respectively by taking the working face shoulder angle of the working face roadway as a starting point, and then obtaining the inclination angle between the two connecting lines and the working face bottom plate respectively, namely the inclination angle range of the construction top plate advanced pre-splitting drill hole in the working face roadway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining an inclination angle of a pre-splitting blasting drill hole of an advance roof of a coal face, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety production.
Background
The hard old top of the coal face has high strength, large thickness, few joint cracks and strong bearing capacity, is not easy to collapse after the mining of the face, causes large-area suspended roof of a goaf, leads to the increase of static load of coal and rock bodies near the face, and suddenly breaks and collapses under the action of higher supporting pressure after the goaf of the face reaches a certain size, causes the instantaneous release of a large amount of elastic energy, induces large-energy vibration, and easily causes dynamic disasters such as face rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like.
Practice shows that roof presplitting blasting is carried out towards the working face drilling holes in the two advanced roadways of the working face, and is one of measures for weakening hard old roofs and relieving dangers effectively, however, the inclination angle of the advanced presplitting blasting drilling holes has a large influence on the pressure relief effect. At present, the dip angle design of the advanced presplitting blasting drilling hole mostly depends on methods such as theoretical analysis, empirical analogy, physical simulation, numerical simulation and the like. Because the coal bed occurrence environment and the roof rock stratum conditions are complex, a set of theoretical calculation model and method which are consistent with the actual situation on site are difficult to establish by the theoretical analysis method; the experience analogy method usually takes a mine close to a working face, a mining area or even a nearby mine as a reference, but because the occurrence conditions of coal beds in different areas are different greatly, the result is not in accordance with the reality of the working face; the physical simulation method and the numerical simulation method are usually to simplify the actual conditions on site greatly, and the differences between the mechanical properties and the analysis methods of the adopted materials and the actual properties of the coal rock strata are large, so that the results are difficult to correspond to the site.
At present, the underground coal-rock body fracture detection method mainly comprises a porous wall impression method, a rock core drilling method, a drilling shooting method and the like. The borehole video shooting technology is an observation method which utilizes a miniature camera or a miniature video camera to probe into a borehole and utilizes an optical imaging principle to enable the interior of the borehole to be visually displayed in front of a user. Along with the scientific and technological progress, the equipment is peeied at to present drilling not only can realize shooing, video recording in the drilling, can convert the video into the inside expansion image of drilling pore wall moreover, can observe information such as size, direction and the angle of inside crack of drilling, broken area directly perceived. The drilling peeking method is widely applied to the aspects of coal mine roadway support, goaf crack detection and the like, and achieves good application effect. At present, no method for determining the inclination angle of the advanced presplitting blasting drill hole of the working face by utilizing goaf drill hole peeping equipment exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the method for determining the inclination angle of the advanced roof pre-splitting blasting drill hole of the coal face, which can accurately obtain the inclination angle range of the advanced pre-splitting blasting drill hole of the construction roof, thereby improving the pressure relief effect of the advanced pre-splitting blasting of the roof and finally reducing the disaster risk of a coal mine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for determining an inclination angle of a pre-splitting blasting drill hole of an advance top plate of a coal face comprises the following specific steps:
(1) before the first working face is stoped, drilling and coring are carried out on a top plate of the roadway, the lithology and the layer position of a top plate rock stratum are ascertained, and therefore the layer position of advanced presplitting blasting of the working face is determined;
(2) during the first working face extraction, the distance between the first working face initial pressure and the incision and the periodic pressure step L are determined according to the working resistance of the first working face hydraulic support and microseismic monitoring data through statistics and analysis by a known method;
(3) after the stoping distance of the first working face exceeds the inclined length, constructing two peeping drill hole groups with the same parameters to the goaf of the first working face in a stoping roadway of the adjacent working face of the goaf, wherein the construction position of one peeping drill hole group is ahead of the primary pressure position along the advancing direction of the first working face and is more than 1 period of pressure step L away from the primary pressure position; the construction position of the other peeping drill hole group is behind the working face along the advancing direction of the first working face, and the distance between the construction position and the first working face is within the range of more than 1 period of pressure-applying step distance L and less than 2 period of pressure-applying step distance L; the peeping drill hole group consists of 3 peeping drill holes with different inclination angles; the depth of each peeping drill hole exceeds the position of the advanced presplitting blasting of the working face determined in the step (1);
(4) detecting each peeping drill hole in the two peeping drill hole groups by using the drill hole peeping equipment in the same time period, and counting the crack distribution condition in each peeping drill hole;
(5) segmenting the peep holes in the depth direction of each peep hole by crack-free, micro-crack distribution and macro-crack distribution according to the obtained crack distribution condition in each peep hole, and then respectively drawing a first working face goaf roof crack distribution drilling histogram of two drilling hole groups;
(6) comparing the drilling hole column diagrams of different groups of roof cracks, analyzing the development conditions of micro cracks and macro cracks in the blasting layer, determining a peep hole group closer to the cutting hole of the first working surface as a first hole group, and another hole group as a second hole group, comparing the top plate crack distribution histogram of the second peeping drill hole group with the top plate crack distribution histogram of the first peeping drill hole group to determine the section in which the micro cracks and the macro cracks in the blasting layer are relatively undeveloped in the top plate crack distribution histogram of the second peeping drill hole group (because the development degree of the rock layer cracks at the blasting layer is sequentially macro cracks > micro cracks > no cracks; the two graphs are at the same position of the peeping drill hole in the blasting layer, and if the development degree in the second peeping drill hole group is lower than that in the first peeping drill hole group, the position is determined as a relatively undeveloped position);
(7) taking the shoulder angle of the working face of the roadway of the first working face as a starting point in a top plate crack distribution histogram of the second peeping drill hole group, respectively connecting the starting point with two side connecting lines of the section, which is determined in the step (6), in which the micro cracks and the macro cracks are relatively undeveloped, in the blasting layer, and then respectively obtaining the inclination angles between the two connecting lines and the bottom plate of the first working face; and finally determining the inclination angle range of the construction top plate advanced pre-splitting drill hole in the roadway of the first working face between the two connecting line inclination angles.
Further, the distance between the two peeping drill hole groups in the step (3) is more than 8 cycles of the step pitch L; the diameter of the peeping drill hole is 42-100 mm.
Further, the inclination angle calculation process of the 3 peeking drill holes in the peeking drill hole group in the step (3) is as follows:
if the inclination angle of the peeping hole is A, the following requirements are met: a is more than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A2, wherein h1 is the thickness of the top coal m; h2 is the distance from the top plate of the coal seam to the old top, m; h3 is old top thickness, m; w1 is the lane width, m; w2 is the width of the coal pillar between the working faces, m; w3 is a theoretical value of the overhang distance of the old-topped cantilever beam, m; a1 is minimum dip angle of peep hole, °; a2 is the maximum dip angle of peep hole, °;
the calculation method of the old top cantilever beam overhang distance theoretical value w3 comprises the following steps
Wherein sigma is the tensile strength of the old top, MPa; q is the load of the overburden stratum borne by the old roof, and is MPa;
finally determining the inclination angles of 3 peeping drill holes in each peeping drill hole group to be A1,
A2。
Compared with the prior art, the method comprises the steps of firstly determining the advanced pre-splitting blasting position of the working face by adopting a drilling coring mode, counting and analyzing by adopting a known method according to the working resistance of the hydraulic support of the working face and microseismic monitoring data, and determining the distance between the primary pressure and the cutting hole of the first working face and the periodic pressure step distance; then, constructing two drilling groups with the same parameters to a goaf of a first working face in a stoping roadway of an adjacent working face of the goaf, wherein each drilling group consists of 3 drilling holes with different inclination angles; detecting each drill hole by using a drill hole peeping device in the same time period, and counting the crack distribution condition inside each drill hole; segmenting by using crack-free, micro-crack distribution and macro-crack distribution, and respectively drawing a first working face goaf roof crack distribution drilling histogram of the two drilling hole groups; comparing the top plate crack distribution histogram of the second drill hole group with the top plate crack distribution histogram of the first drill hole group by taking the top plate crack distribution histogram of the first drill hole group as a reference, and determining sections in which micro cracks and macro cracks in the blasting horizon relatively do not develop in the top plate crack distribution histogram of the second drill hole group; in a top plate crack distribution histogram of a second drill hole group, a first working face roadway working face shoulder angle is taken as a starting point, the starting point is respectively connected with two sides of a relatively unexplained subsection, and then an inclination angle between each of the two connecting lines and a first working face bottom plate is obtained; and finally determining the inclination angle range of the construction top plate advanced pre-splitting drill hole in the roadway of the first working face between the two connecting line inclination angles. The method can accurately obtain the inclination angle range of the advanced pre-splitting drill hole of the construction roof, thereby improving the pressure relief effect of the advanced pre-splitting blasting of the roof and finally reducing the disaster risk of the coal mine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the goaf roof overlying strata crack detection boreholes in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a roof strata probed by coring holes in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining an inclination angle of each peeping hole in the peeping hole group according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a histogram of the distribution of cracks in the roof plotted as a result of peeking in the drill hole group 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a histogram of the distribution of roof fractures plotted from the peeking result of the peeping drill hole group 2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the inclination angle range of the advanced pre-splitting drill hole of the top plate determined by comparing the peeping results of the peeping drill hole group 1 and the peeping drill hole group 2 in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) before stoping of the working face 1, drilling and coring are carried out on a top plate of the roadway, and the lithology and the layer position of a rock stratum of the top plate are ascertained, so that the layer position of advanced presplitting blasting of the working face is determined; as shown in fig. 2, the coarse sandstone layer with the thickness of 13.5m is the object of advanced presplitting blasting;
(2) when the working face 1 is recovered, counting and analyzing by a known method according to the working resistance of the hydraulic support of the working face 1 and microseismic monitoring data, and determining that the distance between the initial pressure and the eye cutting of the working face 1 is 50m and the periodic pressure step distance L is 20 m;
(3) after the stoping distance of the working face 1 exceeds the inclined length of 180m, constructing two peeping drill hole groups with the same parameters in the stoping roadway (transportation gateway) of the working face 1 adjacent to the working face 2 in the goaf, wherein the construction position of the peeping drill hole group 1 is ahead of the primary pressure position along the advancing direction of the working face 1 and is more than 1 period pressure step L (namely 20m) away from the primary pressure position; the construction position of the peeping drill hole group 2 is behind the working face 1 along the advancing direction of the working face 1, and the distance between the peeping drill hole group and the working face 1 is within the range of more than 1 period of pressure step L and less than 2 periods of pressure step L (namely 20 m-40 m); the distance between the two groups of drill holes is greater than 8 cycles to step L (i.e., 160 m); the diameter of the peeping drill hole is 42-100 mm; the peeping drill hole group consists of 3 peeping drill holes with different inclination angles; the depth of each peeping drill hole exceeds the position of the advanced presplitting blasting of the working face determined in the step (1); the inclination angle calculation process of 3 peeping drill holes in the peeping drill hole group is as follows:
if the inclination angle of the peeping hole is A, the following requirements are met: a is more than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A2, wherein h1 is the thickness of the top coal m; h2 is the distance from the top plate of the coal seam to the old top, m; h3 is old top thickness, m; w1 is the lane width, m; w2 is the width of the coal pillar between the working faces, m; w3 is a theoretical value of the overhang distance of the old-topped cantilever beam, m; a1 is minimum dip angle of peep hole, °; a2 is the maximum dip angle of peep hole, °;
the calculation method of the old top cantilever beam overhang distance theoretical value w3 comprises the following steps
Wherein sigma is the tensile strength of the old top, MPa; q is the load of the overburden stratum borne by the old roof, and is MPa;
finally determining the inclination angles of 3 peeping drill holes in each peeping drill hole group to be A1,
A2, i.e. 40 °, 50 ° and 60 °.
(4) Detecting each peeping drill hole in the two peeping drill hole groups by using the drill hole peeping equipment in the same time period, and counting the crack distribution condition in each peeping drill hole;
(5) segmenting the peep holes in the depth direction of each peep hole according to the obtained crack distribution condition in each peep hole by crack-free, micro crack distribution and macro crack distribution, and then respectively drawing working face 1 goaf roof crack distribution drilling hole histograms of two peep hole groups, as shown in fig. 4 and 5;
(6) comparing the top plate crack distribution histogram of the peeking drill hole group 1 as a reference, comparing the top plate crack distribution histogram of the peeking drill hole group 2 with the top plate crack distribution histogram of the peeking drill hole group 1, and determining sections in which micro cracks and macro cracks in the blasting layer are relatively undeveloped in the top plate crack distribution histogram of the peeking drill hole group 2;
(7) in a top plate crack distribution histogram of the peeping drill hole group 2, a working surface shoulder angle of a roadway (return air gateway) of the working surface 1 is taken as a starting point, the starting point is respectively connected with two side connecting lines of sections in which micro cracks and macro cracks in the blasting layer determined in the step (6) do not relatively develop, and then the inclination angles between the two connecting lines and the bottom plate of the working surface 1 are 60 degrees and 75 degrees respectively, as shown in fig. 6; finally, the inclination angle range of the advanced pre-splitting drill hole of the construction top plate in the roadway (return air gateway) of the working face 1 is determined to be 60-75 degrees.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for determining an inclination angle of a pre-splitting blasting drill hole of an advance top plate of a coal face is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) before the first working face is stoped, drilling and coring are carried out on a top plate of the roadway, the lithology and the layer position of a top plate rock stratum are ascertained, and therefore the layer position of advanced presplitting blasting of the working face is determined;
(2) during the first working face extraction, the distance between the first working face initial pressure and the incision and the periodic pressure step L are determined according to the working resistance of the first working face hydraulic support and microseismic monitoring data through statistics and analysis by a known method;
(3) after the stoping distance of the first working face exceeds the inclined length, constructing two peeping drill hole groups with the same parameters to the goaf of the first working face in a stoping roadway of the adjacent working face of the goaf, wherein the construction position of one peeping drill hole group is ahead of the primary pressure position along the advancing direction of the first working face and is more than 1 period of pressure step L away from the primary pressure position; the construction position of the other peeping drill hole group is behind the working face along the advancing direction of the first working face, and the distance between the construction position and the first working face is within the range of more than 1 period of pressure-applying step distance L and less than 2 period of pressure-applying step distance L; the drill hole group consists of 3 peeping drill holes with different inclination angles; the depth of each peeping drill hole exceeds the position of the advanced presplitting blasting of the working face determined in the step (1);
(4) detecting each peeping drill hole in the two peeping drill hole groups by using the drill hole peeping equipment in the same time period, and counting the crack distribution condition in each peeping drill hole;
(5) segmenting the peep holes in the depth direction by means of crack-free, micro-crack distribution and macro-crack distribution according to the obtained crack distribution condition in each peep hole, and then respectively drawing a first working face goaf roof crack distribution drilling hole histogram of two peep hole groups;
(6) comparing the top plate crack distribution histogram of different groups, analyzing the development conditions of micro cracks and macro cracks in the blasting layer, determining a peering drilling group which is closer to the cutting hole of the first working surface as a first drilling group, determining another drilling group as a second drilling group, comparing the top plate crack distribution histogram of the second peering drilling group with the top plate crack distribution histogram of the first drilling group as a reference, and determining sections in which the micro cracks and the macro cracks in the blasting layer are relatively undeveloped in the top plate crack distribution histogram of the second peering drilling group;
(7) taking the shoulder angle of the working face of the roadway of the first working face as a starting point in a top plate crack distribution histogram of the second peeping drill hole group, respectively connecting the starting point with two side connecting lines of the section, which is determined in the step (6), in which the micro cracks and the macro cracks are relatively undeveloped, in the blasting layer, and then respectively obtaining the inclination angles between the two connecting lines and the bottom plate of the first working face; and finally determining the inclination angle range of the construction top plate advanced pre-splitting drill hole in the roadway of the first working face between the two connecting line inclination angles.
2. The method for determining the inclination angle of the forepoling blast borehole of the coal face as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the two peeping drill hole groups in the step (3) is greater than 8 cycles of the step pitch L of pressure coming; the diameter of the peeping drill hole is 42-100 mm.
3. The method for determining the inclination angle of the advanced roof pre-splitting blasting borehole of the coal face according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle calculation process of 3 peeking boreholes in the peeking borehole group in the step (3) is as follows:
if the inclination angle of the peeping hole is A, the following requirements are met: a is more than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A2, wherein h1 is the thickness of the top coal m; h2 is the distance from the top plate of the coal seam to the old top, m; h3 is old top thickness, m; w1 is the lane width, m; w2 is the width of the coal pillar between the working faces, m; w3 is a theoretical value of the overhang distance of the old-topped cantilever beam, m; a1 is minimum dip angle of peep hole, °; a2 is the maximum dip angle of peep hole, °;
the calculation method of the old top cantilever beam overhang distance theoretical value w3 comprises the following steps
Wherein sigma is the tensile strength of the old top, MPa; q is the load of the overburden stratum borne by the old roof, and is MPa;
finally determining the inclination angles of 3 peeping drill holes in each peeping drill hole group to be A1,
A2。
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| CN113339071B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-05-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for detecting pre-splitting blasting damage degree and range of top plate |
| CN114183138B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-10-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Coal bed non-mining drilling pre-splitting blasting method |
| CN117274461A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-22 | 山东能源集团西北矿业有限公司 | Playback method for TBM tunnel formation process |
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| CN107269220A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-10-20 | 四川省华蓥山煤业股份有限公司绿水洞煤矿 | The method that a kind of outstanding top of high-dipping fully-mechanized mining working upper corner is administered |
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