CN109591136A - 一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN109591136A
CN109591136A CN201811495493.5A CN201811495493A CN109591136A CN 109591136 A CN109591136 A CN 109591136A CN 201811495493 A CN201811495493 A CN 201811495493A CN 109591136 A CN109591136 A CN 109591136A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
timber
nano silver
wooden material
antimicrobial composite
composite wooden
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811495493.5A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
尹荔松
刘艳娥
范海陆
蓝键
马思琪
涂驰周
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuyi University
Luliang University
Original Assignee
Wuyi University
Luliang University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wuyi University, Luliang University filed Critical Wuyi University
Priority to CN201811495493.5A priority Critical patent/CN109591136A/zh
Publication of CN109591136A publication Critical patent/CN109591136A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0214Drying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B27K3/10Apparatus
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/20Removing fungi, molds or insects

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)将木材用蒸馏水冲洗数次并干燥处理后,置于压力罐中;(2)打开真空泵于压力罐中抽真空,保持负压0.095MPa,30min后吸入表面包覆有一层表面活性剂PVP并高度分散的含纳米银和其他无机填充物的纳米银溶液,关闭负压阀门;(3)打开压力罐的正压阀门,保持正压压力为1.0Mpa,将纳米银溶液灌注入木材孔隙内,保持1h后取出木材;(4)木材在分离器内用自来水清除纤维外表面上的过量填料,只保留纤维胞腔内的填料,清除的过量填料重复循环使用;(5)木材置入干燥箱中干燥至含水率为12%,制得纳米银抗菌木质复合材料,密封待用。纳米银填充木材既有利于填充,抗菌效果又好,抗菌率为93.5%。

Description

一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及木质复合材料制备工艺的技术领域,尤其涉及一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
日常生活所使用的各种木质产品,适宜病原微生物滋生繁衍,它们使木质制品变色、发霉、脆化降解并危害人体健康,随着生活水平的提高和卫生保健意识日益增强,人们对木质用品抗菌的要求正在逐渐提高,因此积极开发具有抗菌功能的木质品已非常迫切。但现有技术及相关文献中,均还没有一种有效的方法制备出具有抗菌能力的木质复合材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服上述现有技术的缺点,提供一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,该纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,利用真空加压法将纳米银颗粒加入到木材中,通过改变纳米银的压强等因素来把纳米银粒子挤入木材孔隙中,从而最大限度的提高木材的增重率,用球状的纳米银填充木材既有利于填充,而且抗菌效果很好,抗菌率为93.5%,最小抑菌浓度MIC值为500ppm,且随着纳米银颗粒减小,纳米银浓度加大,木材的抗菌能力会提高。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将木材用蒸馏水冲洗数次并干燥处理后,置于压力罐中;
(2)打开真空泵于压力罐中抽真空,保持负压0.095MPa,30min后吸入表面包覆有一层表面活性剂PVP并高度分散的含纳米银和其他无机填充物的纳米银溶液,关闭负压阀门;
(3)打开压力罐的正压阀门,保持正压压力为1.0Mpa,将纳米银溶液灌注入木材孔隙内,保持1h后取出木材;
(4)木材在分离器内用自来水清除纤维外表面上的过量填料,只保留纤维胞腔内的填料,清除出来的过量填料在步骤(2)中重复循环使用;
(5)木材置入干燥箱中干燥至含水率为12%,制得纳米银抗菌木质复合材料,密封待用。
进一步的,所述步骤(2)中纳米银溶液的纳米银为球状,纳米银的粒径为20nm。
进一步的,所述的木材采用边材与心材结合的木质部。
综上所述,本发明的纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,利用真空加压法将纳米银颗粒加入到木材中,通过改变纳米银的压强等因素来把纳米银粒子挤入木材孔隙中,从而最大限度的提高木材的增重率,用球状的纳米银填充木材既有利于填充,而且抗菌效果很好,抗菌率为93.5%,最小抑菌浓度MIC值为500ppm,且随着纳米银颗粒减小,纳米银浓度加大,木材的抗菌能力会提高。
附图说明
图1是木材被纳米银填充后放大500倍的扫描电镜放大图;
图2是木材被纳米银填充后放大1000倍的扫描电镜放大图;;
图3是木材被纳米银填充后放大5000倍的扫描电镜放大图;
图4是木材被纳米银填充后放大10000倍的扫描电镜放大图;
图5是不同压强下的木材增重率的对比图;
图6是不同温度下的木材增重率的对比图;
图7是纳米银的粒径大小对抗菌率的影响的对比图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例1所描述的一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将木材用蒸馏水冲洗数次并干燥处理后,置于压力罐中;
(2)打开真空泵于压力罐中抽真空,保持负压0.095MPa,30min后吸入表面包覆有一层表面活性剂PVP并高度分散的含纳米银和其他无机填充物的纳米银溶液,关闭负压阀门;
(3)打开压力罐的正压阀门,保持正压压力为1.0Mpa,将纳米银溶液灌注入木材孔隙内,保持1h后取出木材;
(4)木材在分离器内用自来水清除纤维外表面上的过量填料,只保留纤维胞腔内的填料,清除出来的过量填料在步骤(2)中重复循环使用;
(5)木材置入干燥箱中干燥至含水率为12%,制得纳米银抗菌木质复合材料,密封待用。
在本实施例中,所述步骤(2)中纳米银溶液的纳米银为球状,纳米银的粒径为20nm。
在本实施例中,所述的木材采用边材与心材结合的木质部。由于树干的部分分为五层,第一层是树皮,树皮是树干的表层,可以保护树身,并防止病害入侵;在树皮的下面是韧皮部,这一层纤维质组织把糖分从树叶运送下来;第三层是形成层,这一层十分薄,是树干的生长部分,所有其他细胞都是自此层而来;第四层是边材,这一层是把水分从根部输送到树身各处,此层通常较心材浅色;第五层就是心材,心材是老了的边材,二者合称为木质部。树干绝大部分都是心材,树干的第四层边材也可称为导管,边材负责把水分从根部运输到树身的各处;树木导管的壁上有着大量的气孔,用于树木的呼吸,吸收自然界的CO2放出O2
由于木材是多孔体,纹孔和细胞间隙在溶液渗透和气体输导方面起着重要作用。液体在木材内的传输通道有三条:细胞腔、纹孔以及细胞间隙。当木材在负压作用下,木材孔隙内的空气被抽出,吸入含有纳米银的无机溶液后在负压及木材毛细管力作用下,溶液迅速渗透木材进入木材孔隙内,干燥后溶质会沉积在孔隙内,所以在木材的导管和木纤维内均能发现填充的含有纳米银的无机颗粒。填料粒子穿过纤维细胞壁深孔的传输过程分为三个阶段,最初阶段是在渗透胞腔前的预扩散,此阶段胞腔内表面几乎没有填料粒子沉淀;第二个是半稳定状态阶段,是主要阶段,此时进人胞腔内的填料粒子量与胞腔壁上沉积的粒子量相等,且胞腔内的填料粒子浓度近乎稳定;最后一个阶段是起决定性作用的步骤,即由粒子进人胞腔的比率转变为粒子在胞腔剩余孔穴上的沉淀率。如图1、图2、图3和图4所示,分别为纳米银在木材中的分布情况放大500倍、1000倍、5000倍、10000倍下的SEM图。
在常温常压下处理木材的条件下,当木材放入纳米银溶液中时,溶液与木材内部存在着很大的浓度差异,依据扩散理论,粒子由高浓度向低浓度方向扩散,即溶液中的粒子向木材内部逐渐移动,直至达到细胞中。无机物粒子在木材内进行化学反应,形成不溶性无机物,沉积在木材细胞腔和细胞壁中。一次浸渍平均增重率为5.6%;二次浸渍平均增重率为11.4%,如下表所示为在室温常压下一次浸渍和二次浸渍的增重率比较表。
室温常压下一次浸渍和二次浸渍的增重率比较表
处理方法 试样数 增重率平均值/% 标准误差
一次浸渍 20 6.3 0.5
二次浸渍 20 12.8 0.4
尽管在室温常压下木材浸渍后增重率有一定的提高,但是增加的程度是有限的。采用负压-正压强制地将溶液灌注入木材孔隙中,可以极大地提高木材的增重率。在负压条件下,木材孔隙内的空气被抽走,无机溶液被吸入木材的孔隙内,原来被空气占住的空隙很快由于粒子扩散作用,被无机溶液填充,解除负压施用正压后,一部分溶液在压力的作用下会被挤入木材内部,从而最大限度的提高木材增重率。随着浸渍采用的正压压强的增大,木材的增重率增大,如图5所示,当浸渍时采用负压压强为0.08MPa时,木材增重率是常温常压处理条件下木材增重率的6倍。
在室温下,离子运动速度较缓慢,扩散进入木材空隙的速度也慢,但当温度升高时,这种无规则运动速度增大,运动越来越剧烈,离子进入木材空隙的几率也随之增大,扩散加快,则离子进入木材的数量也越来越多。如图6所示,表明在负压和正压的压强均为0.025MPa时,增重率随着浸渍温度的变化情况。值得注意的是无机溶液在温度较高的条件下,对设备的腐蚀性加大,会减少设备的使用寿命。
将不同粒径的纳米银粉分别添加到木材中,检测其对菌种的抗菌性能,随着粒径的增大,抗菌性能在逐渐减弱;粒径越小纳米银的比表面积越大,表面效应越强,如图7所示。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明的技术方案作任何形式上的限制。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将木材用蒸馏水冲洗数次并干燥处理后,置于压力罐中;
(2)打开真空泵于压力罐中抽真空,保持负压0.095MPa,30min后吸入表面包覆有一层表面活性剂PVP并高度分散的含纳米银和其他无机填充物的纳米银溶液,关闭负压阀门;
(3)打开压力罐的正压阀门,保持正压压力为1.0Mpa,将纳米银溶液灌注入木材孔隙内,保持1h后取出木材;
(4)木材在分离器内用自来水清除纤维外表面上的过量填料,只保留纤维胞腔内的填料,清除出来的过量填料在步骤(2)中重复循环使用;
(5)木材置入干燥箱中干燥至含水率为12%,制得纳米银抗菌木质复合材料,密封待用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中纳米银溶液的纳米银为球状,纳米银的粒径为20nm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的木材采用边材与心材结合的木质部。
CN201811495493.5A 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法 Pending CN109591136A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811495493.5A CN109591136A (zh) 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811495493.5A CN109591136A (zh) 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109591136A true CN109591136A (zh) 2019-04-09

Family

ID=65961352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201811495493.5A Pending CN109591136A (zh) 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109591136A (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110862578A (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-06 湖南工业大学 一种纳米银吸附纤维素抗菌复合材料的制备方法
CN113967953A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-01-25 阜南县永盛工艺品有限公司 一种制作高透光率木制工艺品的透明木材加工工艺

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1817515A (zh) * 2006-01-09 2006-08-16 四川大学 一种纳米银粉的分散方法
EP2200438A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2010-06-30 Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. Combinations of pyrimethanil and silver compounds
CN101829788A (zh) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-15 五邑大学 低质速生材原位密实与抗菌防腐处理技术
CN105524444A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2016-04-27 广州大正新材料科技有限公司 一种高硬度聚碳酸酯抗菌复合材料

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1817515A (zh) * 2006-01-09 2006-08-16 四川大学 一种纳米银粉的分散方法
EP2200438A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2010-06-30 Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. Combinations of pyrimethanil and silver compounds
CN101829788A (zh) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-15 五邑大学 低质速生材原位密实与抗菌防腐处理技术
CN105524444A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2016-04-27 广州大正新材料科技有限公司 一种高硬度聚碳酸酯抗菌复合材料

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
刘艳娥等: ""木材加密研究"", 《化学管理》 *
国家林业局农村林业改革发展司: "《林业实用技术手册》", 31 May 2018, 北京:知识产权出版社 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110862578A (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-06 湖南工业大学 一种纳米银吸附纤维素抗菌复合材料的制备方法
CN110862578B (zh) * 2019-11-26 2022-06-24 湖南工业大学 一种纳米银吸附纤维素抗菌复合材料的制备方法
CN113967953A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-01-25 阜南县永盛工艺品有限公司 一种制作高透光率木制工艺品的透明木材加工工艺

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109591136A (zh) 一种纳米银抗菌木质复合材料的制备方法
CN109763382B (zh) 一种负离子浸渍纸/负离子饰面人造板基材/负离子饰面人造板的制作方法
CN101536709A (zh) 一种壳聚糖复合涂膜保鲜剂及其制备方法
Akhtari et al. Effect of some metal nanoparticles on the spectroscopy analysis of Paulownia wood exposed to white-rot fungus
CN106966047A (zh) 一种可食用的纳米纤维保鲜膜的制备方法
Payne et al. Yeast and bacteria as biological control agents against fungal discolouration of Pinus sylvestris blocks in laboratory-based tests and the role of antifungal volatiles
Praseptiangga et al. Effect of cassava starch-based edible coating incorporated with lemongrass essential oil on the quality of papaya MJ9
KR100840254B1 (ko) 기록물과 유물의 소독장치, 이를 이용한 소독방법
Oliver-Villanueva et al. Evaluation of thermally-treated wood of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) against Mediterranean termites (Reticulitermes spp.)
CN110202658A (zh) 一种竹砧板防霉防蛀处理方法
CN100366816C (zh) 缓释型防虫与防微生物织物表面改质方法
Mahmoud Kia et al. The efficiency of Pistacia atlantica gum for increasing resistance of rapeseed oil-heat treated wood to fungal attacks
CN111068596B (zh) 一种自组装纳米球及其制备方法和应用
CN114698685A (zh) 柑橘保鲜剂
CN107225639B (zh) 一种木质板材的防霉加工方法
Marchisio et al. Mycological analysis of the sands of a box for children's play
EP3893626A1 (de) Wirk- und /oder farbstoffeinbringung in pflanzengewebe
Matan et al. Effect of combined cinnamon and clove oil against major moulds identified from rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis)
Primaningtyas et al. Modification of nanochitosan with NaCl and surfactant for wood preservative
Terebesyová et al. Fungicide efficacy of nanofibre textiles containing chemical preservatives for protection of wooden materials–preliminary study
Mansour et al. Study of mold invasion on the surface of wood/polypropylene composites produced from aqueous pretreated wood particles, part 2: Juniperus procera wood-branch
CN115124965B (zh) 一种持久抗菌释香型重组装饰单板及其制备方法
Matan Waterborne paints modified with essential oils as bioprotective coatings for rubberwood
CN102851244B (zh) 一种防治香蕉冠腐病的芽孢杆菌及其应用
CN107433749A (zh) 一种半透性复合包装膜及其在水果保鲜中的应用

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20190409