CN109590371B - Electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device and method for large-scale plate - Google Patents
Electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device and method for large-scale plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109590371B CN109590371B CN201811571555.6A CN201811571555A CN109590371B CN 109590371 B CN109590371 B CN 109590371B CN 201811571555 A CN201811571555 A CN 201811571555A CN 109590371 B CN109590371 B CN 109590371B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/031—Mould construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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Abstract
The electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device for the large-scale plate comprises a bottom plate, a female die and a male die, wherein the male die is positioned right above the female die, a blank holder is arranged at the upper part of the female die, a radial side push coil is arranged between the blank holder and the female die, the edge of the plate to be formed is fixed in the radial side push coil, a plurality of annular metal electric explosion elements capable of performing explosion discharge are arranged in the female die, the plurality of metal electric explosion elements are concentrically arranged along the female die, and the metal electric explosion elements are connected with an external power supply; when the plate to be formed completely covers the upper end of the female die, the female die is filled with a force transfer medium, and the bottom plate is provided with an inlet and outlet hole for the force transfer medium to enter and exit; the invention also discloses an electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method of the large-scale plate. The invention can improve the forming performance of the material, has higher deformation uniformity of the material, is not easy to wrinkle, can realize flexible processing of large parts with different sizes, and has wide application range and lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed forming of plastic processing of materials, in particular to an electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device and method for large plates.
Background
Electromagnetic pulse forming is a method of high-speed machining of metal workpieces using pulsed magnetic field forces. The research shows that: under high-speed impact, the material generates quasi-static deformation behavior different from that of the traditional processing method, and dynamic behavior, namely crystal twinning, tissue phase change, adiabatic shearing and the like, of the material under the impact of deformation elastic waves and plastic waves occurs. Therefore, the forming limit of materials which are difficult to deform, such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and the like, can be effectively improved, and the rebound is reduced.
In the patent of 'a method and a device for the stretch forming and electromagnetic composite incremental forming of a large thin-wall part', Li Jian army, Cui Xiao Hui and the like propose the method for realizing the forming of the large part by adopting the alternate deformation of 'stretch forming and electromagnetic incremental forming'. In the document "Large-scale sheet formation process by electromagnetic in-formation combined with stretch forming", under the condition of "drawing and electromagnetic progressive" process, under the condition of "under the condition of strong brilliance" and under the condition of strong brilliance and strong brilliance "the ellipsoidal aluminium alloy part with height of 75mm and diameter of about 600mm can be formed. However, the coil needs to move for many times to discharge on each layer, the plate material opposite to the coil is greatly deformed, and other areas are hardly deformed. The uneven deformation increases with the forming height, the deformation unevenness of the sheet becomes worse, and finally, the sheet becomes easy to wrinkle.
In order to solve the problem of uniform deformation of any layer of a large part under the action of electromagnetic force, in a patent of 'a large part electromagnetic incremental forming method and device with coils arranged along the shape', the patent of Daxiaohui et al proposes that an integral coil is arranged on any layer to ensure uniform deformation of a laminated plate. The section of the layer of coil is opposite to the section of the sheet material after stretch forming so as to improve the electromagnetic forming efficiency. And finally obtaining an evenly deformed integral part through the fractional discharge of a plurality of shape-following arrangement coils with different diameters. However, in the whole deformation process, a plurality of coils with different diameters and different cross sections are needed, and the manufacturing cost of the coils can be greatly increased. When the shape of different parts is formed, another set of device for arranging coils along with the shape is often needed, and the application range is narrow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device and method for large plates, which can improve the forming performance of materials, have higher deformation uniformity of the materials, are not easy to wrinkle, can realize flexible processing of large parts with different sizes, and have wide application range and lower cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device for the large-scale plate comprises a bottom plate, a female die and a male die, wherein the male die is positioned right above the female die, a blank holder is arranged at the upper part of the female die, a radial side push coil is arranged between the blank holder and the female die, the edge of the plate to be formed is fixed in the radial side push coil, the depth of the female die is greater than the height of the male die, a plurality of metal electric explosion elements capable of performing explosion discharge are arranged in the female die, the plurality of metal electric explosion elements are concentrically arranged along the female die, and the metal electric explosion elements are connected with an external power supply; when the plate to be formed completely covers the upper end of the female die, the female die is filled with a force transmission medium, and the bottom plate is provided with an inlet and outlet hole for the force transmission medium to enter and exit.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the metal electric explosion element is any one of a metal tube, a metal wire or a metal sheet.
Furthermore, the diameter of the metal tube or the metal wire is 0.001-10 mm, and the thickness of the metal sheet is 0.001-10 mm.
Furthermore, the metal electric explosion element is arranged below the plate to be formed for multiple times along with multiple deformation processes or is arranged and completed once along with one deformation process, instantaneous high pressure is generated after the metal electric explosion element is gasified, the plate to be formed is driven to deform towards the direction of the male die at high speed, and finally the plate to be formed is completely attached to the male die under high pressure.
Further, a groove A is formed in the upper bottom surface of the female die, and a lower side pushing coil is arranged in the groove A; a groove B is formed in the lower bottom surface of the blank holder, and an upper side pushing coil is arranged in the groove B; the lower side pushing coil and the upper side pushing coil are symmetrically arranged, and the edge of the plate to be formed is fixed between the lower side pushing coil and the upper side pushing coil.
Further, the force transmission medium is liquid or gas, wherein the liquid can be purified water, oil and the like, and the gas can be air and the like.
Further, the shape of the metal electric explosion element is consistent with that of the plate to be formed, when the plate to be formed is of an annular structure, the structure of the metal electric explosion element is also of an annular structure, and when the plate to be formed is of a sheet structure, the structure of the metal electric explosion element is also of a sheet structure.
The electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method for the large plate adopts the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device for the large plate, and comprises the following steps:
1) pre-drawing: pressing down the male die, performing quasi-static stamping pre-drawing on the plate to be formed, and pre-drawing until the region to be deformed of the plate to be formed is close to the metal electric explosion element;
2) electromagnetic-electric explosion forming: electrifying the metal electric explosion element to enable the metal electric explosion element to be gasified under the action of current, generating strong pressure to the periphery of the metal electric explosion element and driving a force transmission medium to expand, wherein the force transmission medium further drives the peripheral plate to be formed to deform towards the direction of the male die to carry out an electric explosion forming process; meanwhile, the radial side push coil is electrified, so that the material at the flange part of the plate to be formed flows towards the center direction of the plate to be formed to carry out an electromagnetic deformation process, and the rapid deformation of the plate to be formed is promoted by the cooperation of the gasification of the metal electric explosion element; the plate to be formed is completely attached to the male die under the pressure action of the force transmission medium, and finally the deformation process of the plate to be formed is completed;
3) and sequentially repeating the steps 1) and 2) until the plate to be formed is completely attached to the male die.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the electric explosion forming process in the step 2) is completed once or completed for multiple times in a layering/zoning mode.
Further, the step 2) comprises the temperature adjustment of the force transfer medium, and the temperature of the force transfer medium can be randomly adjusted from-200 ℃ to the melting temperature range of the plate to be formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the device and the method of the invention utilize the radial side thrust action of the electromagnetic force to improve the thickness reduction in the deformation process of the part; by using quasi-static stamping of the male die, the deformation of the part after discharging is reduced each time, and the complete profiling of the part is finally realized, so that the forming precision is improved; the forming performance of the parts is improved by utilizing the high-rate deformation characteristic of the electric explosion, and the difficulty of the forming process is reduced due to the convenient manufacture of materials such as metal wires and the like;
2. the device and the method of the invention are used for forming the electro-explosive formed by gasifying the metal electro-explosive element, and the electro-explosive forming method is a high-speed forming method, can improve the forming performance of materials, and can be matched with the radial force generated by the electromagnetic coil to finally greatly improve the drawing height of parts;
3. according to the device and the method, the metal electric explosion element is adopted to replace the coil, so that the manufacturing cost of the coil can be greatly reduced, the coils with different diameters and different sections are replaced by the metal wires with different diameters, different sizes and different turns, the cost can be almost ignored, the flexible processing of large parts with different sizes can be realized, the application range is wide, and the cost is low;
4. according to the device and the method, cryogenic forming, room-temperature forming, warm forming, hot forming and the like can be realized by changing the temperature of the force transmission medium, and the lower the temperature of the force transmission medium is, the more beneficial the grain refinement is, and the service performance of the part is improved; the higher the temperature of the force transmission medium is, the more beneficial the deformation resistance of the part is reduced, and the plastic deformation capacity of the part is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite electromagnetic-electric blasting-quasi-static punching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, cut away from the middle;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial forming state of the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a male mold of the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static punching composite forming method after the first drawing in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal electric explosion element after first discharging in the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the male mold after the second drawing in the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static punching composite forming method according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal electric explosion element after secondary discharge in the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating the deformation results at the final end of the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a base plate; 11. an inlet and outlet hole; 2. a female die; 3. a male die; 4. a blank holder; 5. radially pushing the coil laterally; 51. pushing the coil upwards; 52. pushing the coil at the lower side; 6. a metal squib element; 7. a force transfer medium; 8. and (5) waiting for forming the plate.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device for the large-scale plate comprises a bottom plate 1, a female die 2 and a male die 3, wherein the male die 3 is positioned right above the female die 2, a blank holder 4 is arranged at the upper part of the female die 2, a radial side push coil 5 is arranged between the blank holder 4 and the female die 2, the edge of the plate 8 to be formed is fixed in the radial side push coil 5, the depth of the female die 2 is greater than the height of the male die 3, a plurality of metal electric explosion elements 6 capable of performing explosion discharge are arranged in the female die 2, the plurality of metal electric explosion elements 6 are concentrically arranged along the female die 2, the metal electric explosion elements 6 are connected with an external power supply, and the metal electric explosion elements 6; when the plate 8 to be formed completely covers the upper end of the female die 2, the female die 2 is filled with the force transfer medium 7, and the bottom plate 1 is provided with an inlet and outlet hole 11 for the force transfer medium 7 to enter and exit.
In this embodiment, the metal squib 6 is any one of a metal tube, a metal wire, and a metal foil.
In this example, the diameter of the metal tube or wire is 0.1mm, and the thickness of the metal sheet is 0.1 mm.
In this embodiment, the metal electric explosion element 6 is arranged below the plate 8 to be formed in multiple times along with multiple deformation processes or is arranged and completed once along with one deformation process, instantaneous high pressure is generated after the metal electric explosion element 6 is gasified, the plate 8 to be formed is driven to deform towards the direction of the male die 3 at a high speed, and finally the plate 8 to be formed is completely attached to the male die 3 under high pressure.
In this embodiment, a groove a is provided on the upper bottom surface of the female die 2, and a lower side push coil 52 is provided in the groove a; a groove B is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the blank holder 4, and an upper side push coil 51 is arranged in the groove B; the lower push coil 52 and the upper push coil 51 are symmetrically arranged, and the edge of the sheet material 8 to be formed is fixed between the lower push coil 52 and the upper push coil 51.
In this embodiment, the force transfer medium 7 is purified water.
In the present embodiment, the shape of the metal squib 6 is the same as the shape of the plate 8 to be formed, and since the plate 8 to be formed is of an annular structure in the present embodiment, the structure of the metal squib 6 used in the present embodiment is also of an annular structure.
The electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method for the large plate adopts the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device for the large plate, and comprises the following steps:
1) pre-drawing: pressing the male die 3 downwards, performing quasi-static stamping pre-drawing on the plate to be formed, and pre-drawing until the area to be deformed of the plate 8 to be formed is close to the metal electric explosion element 6;
2) electromagnetic-electric explosion forming: electrifying the metal electric explosion element 6 to gasify the metal electric explosion element 6 under the action of current, generating strong pressure around the metal electric explosion element 6 and driving the force transmission medium 7 to expand, and further driving the peripheral plate 8 to be formed to deform towards the direction of the male die 3 by the force transmission medium 7 to carry out an electric explosion forming process; meanwhile, the radial side push coil 5 is electrified, so that the material at the flange part of the plate 8 to be formed flows towards the center direction of the plate 8 to be formed to carry out an electromagnetic deformation process, and the rapid deformation of the plate 8 to be formed is promoted by the gasification of the metal electric explosion element 6; the plate 8 to be formed is completely attached to the male die 3 under the pressure action of the force transmission medium 7, and finally the deformation process of the plate 8 to be formed is completed;
3) and sequentially repeating the steps 1) and 2) until the plate 8 to be formed is completely attached to the male die 3.
In this embodiment, the electrical explosion forming process in step 2) is completed once or repeatedly in layers/regions.
In the embodiment, the step 2) comprises the temperature adjustment of the force transmission medium 7, and the temperature of the force transmission medium 7 can be randomly adjusted from-200 ℃ to the melting temperature range of the plate 8 to be formed.
Claims (3)
1. An electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method for large plates is characterized by comprising the following steps: the electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device comprises a large plate, and comprises a bottom plate (1), a female die (2) and a male die (3), wherein the male die (3) is positioned right above the female die (2), a blank holder (4) is arranged at the upper part of the female die (2), a radial side push coil (5) is arranged between the blank holder (4) and the female die (2), the edge of a plate (8) to be formed is fixed in the radial side push coil (5), the depth of the female die (2) is greater than the height of the male die (3), a plurality of metal electric explosion elements (6) capable of performing explosion discharge are arranged in the female die (2), the plurality of metal electric explosion elements (6) are concentrically arranged along the female die (2), and the metal electric explosion elements (6) are connected with an external power supply; when a plate (8) to be formed completely covers the upper end of the female die (2), the female die (2) is filled with a force transmission medium (7), the bottom plate (1) is provided with an inlet and outlet hole (11) for the force transmission medium (7) to enter and exit, the metal electric explosion element (6) is any one of a metal pipe, a metal wire or a metal sheet, the diameter of the metal pipe or the metal wire is 0.001-10 mm, the thickness of the metal sheet is 0.001-10 mm, the metal electric explosion element (6) is arranged below the plate (8) to be formed for multiple times along with multiple deformation processes or is arranged and completed once along with one deformation process, instantaneous high pressure is generated after the metal electric explosion element (6) is gasified and drives the plate (8) to be formed to deform towards the direction of the male die (3) at high speed, finally, the plate (8) to be formed is completely attached to the male die (3) under high pressure, the upper bottom surface of the female die (2), a lower side pushing coil (52) is arranged in the groove A; a groove B is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the blank holder (4), and an upper side pushing coil (51) is arranged in the groove B; the lower side pushing coil (52) and the upper side pushing coil (51) are symmetrically arranged, the edge of a plate (8) to be formed is fixed between the lower side pushing coil (52) and the upper side pushing coil (51), the force transmission medium (7) is liquid or gas, the shape of the metal electric explosion element (6) is consistent with that of the plate (8) to be formed, when the plate (8) to be formed is of an annular structure, the structure of the metal electric explosion element (6) is also of an annular structure, and when the plate (8) to be formed is of a sheet structure, the structure of the metal electric explosion element (6) is also of a sheet structure;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) pre-drawing: pressing down the male die (3), performing quasi-static stamping pre-drawing on a plate (8) to be formed, and pre-drawing until a region to be deformed of the plate (8) to be formed is close to the metal electric explosion element (6);
2) electromagnetic-electric explosion forming: electrifying the metal electric explosion element (6), gasifying the metal electric explosion element (6) under the action of current, generating strong pressure around the metal electric explosion element (6) and driving the force transmission medium (7) to expand, and further driving the peripheral plate (8) to be formed to deform towards the direction of the male die (3) by the force transmission medium (7) to carry out an electric explosion forming process; meanwhile, the radial side pushing coil (5) is electrified, so that the material at the flange part of the plate to be formed (8) flows towards the center direction of the plate to be formed (8) to carry out an electromagnetic deformation process, and the rapid deformation of the plate to be formed (8) is promoted by the gasification of the metal electric explosion element (6); the plate (8) to be formed is completely attached to the male die (3) under the pressure action of the force transmission medium (7), and finally the deformation process of the plate (8) to be formed is completed;
3) and (3) repeating the steps 1) and 2) in sequence until the plate (8) to be formed is completely attached to the male die (3).
2. The electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method for the large-sized plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric explosion forming process in the step 2) is completed once or repeatedly in layers or areas.
3. The electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming method for the large-sized plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the step 2) comprises the temperature adjustment of the force transmission medium (7), and the temperature of the force transmission medium (7) can be randomly adjusted from-200 ℃ to the melting temperature range of the plate (8) to be formed.
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| CN201811571555.6A CN109590371B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device and method for large-scale plate |
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| CN109590371B true CN109590371B (en) | 2020-04-24 |
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| CN111633103B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-02 | 华中科技大学 | Electro-hydraulic-electromagnetic composite forming system and forming method |
| CN111957809A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-20 | 中南大学 | Electromagnetic forming method and device for improving forming performance and precision of material difficult to deform |
| CN111922175B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 华中科技大学 | Electro-hydraulic explosion forming device and method |
| CN114472667A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-13 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | Electromagnetic forming device based on flexible medium |
| CN115582450A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-01-10 | 盐城工学院 | Flexible edge pressing structure for plate forming and regulation and control method |
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