CN113909369B - Electromagnetic forming method for single wave corrugated pipe - Google Patents
Electromagnetic forming method for single wave corrugated pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN113909369B CN113909369B CN202111317224.1A CN202111317224A CN113909369B CN 113909369 B CN113909369 B CN 113909369B CN 202111317224 A CN202111317224 A CN 202111317224A CN 113909369 B CN113909369 B CN 113909369B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single wave corrugated pipe electromagnetic forming method, which comprises the following steps: mounting and positioning; (ii) a low voltage electromagnetic shock guided wave; (III) shaft press molding; (IV) high voltage impact shaping. According to the method, electromagnetic acting force is converted into uniform impact force required by workpiece deformation through a liquid medium, the condition that the thin wall at the forming part bears concentrated stress is improved, the deformation capacity of the thin wall corrugation part is increased through axial and radial combined action by virtue of a compression-expansion forming mode, waste products generated by material cracking are avoided, and the forming method is reliable and high in forming rate; the wave width and the wave height are flexibly controlled through the four-step forming process and the change of the die cavity, and the single-wave corrugated pipes with different specifications are formed; fourth step of electromagnetic forming, large voltage impact forces the workpiece to be tightly attached to the die cavity to impact and shape the workpiece, and the forming precision of the workpiece is improved; meanwhile, the method has higher molding efficiency, and the processing efficiency in a semi-automatic mode can reach 5 minutes to mold one piece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic molding of corrugated pipes, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic molding method of a single-wave corrugated pipe.
Background
In order to achieve certain special functions, the corrugated expansion type needs to be carried out on a high-strength metal thin-wall cylinder (the wall thickness is less than 0.2 mm), the forming process is the comprehensive change of elastic deformation and plastic deformation of materials and bending forming, and the processing forming difficulty is high. Particularly, for the thin-wall cylinder with the wall thickness smaller than 0.2mm, the corrugation with larger wave height/wave width ratio is required to be formed, the existing mechanical rolling mode is adopted, the concentrated stress is formed at the forming position, the crack is easy to occur, the waste product is caused, and the forming efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single wave corrugated pipe electromagnetic forming method, which aims to overcome the defects existing in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an electromagnetic forming method of a single wave corrugated pipe comprises the following steps:
i mounting location
Lifting the upper die frame I and the upper die frame II, installing a workpiece between the lower punch and the die lower outer sleeve, positioning, filling an antirust liquid medium, determining an opening distance L, and lowering the upper die frame II to a proper position to ensure that the distance between the upper forming groove and the open end of the lower forming groove is L;
(II) Low Voltage electromagnetic shock guide wave
The high-energy magnetizer discharges, converts electric energy into impact energy of a liquid medium through an electromagnetic action mechanism, and forms guide waves with the height of H by low-voltage impact 0 ；
(III) shaft press molding
The upper end face and the lower end face of the workpiece are pressed by the electromagnetic forming die, the die is axially clamped, and a certain pressure P is kept in the electromagnetic forming die 2 Finally, the mold is sleeved and closed up and down;
(IV) high voltage impact shaping
The high-energy magnetizing machine discharges, the electric energy is converted into the impact energy of the liquid medium through the discharge coil of the electromagnetic action mechanism, and the high-voltage impact shaping is carried out, so that the corrugation is tightly attached to the corrugation cavity of the die under the impact action, and the final requirement is achieved after rebound.
In the above technical scheme, the specific requirements of positioning in the installation and positioning of the step (I) are as follows: the distance L between the open ends of the upper forming groove and the lower forming groove is equal to the annular thin-strip width W of the workpiece.
In the above technical scheme, the upper edge of the annular thin strip of the workpiece is flush with the open end of the upper forming groove, and the lower edge of the annular thin strip of the workpiece is flush with the open end of the lower forming groove.
In the above technical solution, the step (II) is a low-voltage electromagnetic shock guided wave with a guided wave height H 0 Satisfy the relation H with the final wave height H of the required molding 0 =（0.2~0.3）H。
In the above technical scheme, the impact voltage of the high-energy magnetizer in the low-voltage electromagnetic impact guide wave in the step (II) is 1500V-3000V.
In the above technical scheme, the internal holding pressure P of the electromagnetic forming die in the (III) shaft press forming 2 Yield strength delta to workpiece material m Satisfying the relationshipLine delta m =P 2 d 1 /2h, where d 1 The inner diameter of the corrugated pipe is h, and the thickness of the corrugated part is h.
In the technical scheme, the impact shaping voltage of the high-energy magnetizer in the step (IV) high-voltage impact shaping is 4500-V V.
In the above technical scheme, the high-energy magnetizer has a voltage of 1200 muF and a maximum discharge voltage of 25000V.
In the technical scheme, the discharge coil is formed by spirally winding a purple copper plate with the thickness of 5mm and the width of 30mm, a winding gap is 8mm, and epoxy resin glue is poured between the winding gaps for insulation.
In the above technical scheme, the diameter D of the discharge coil and the outer diameter D of the workpiece 0 The relation is D= (1.2-1.5) D 0 。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a single wave corrugated pipe electromagnetic forming method which can uniformly apply force in the radial direction and axially match with a forming mode of radial combined action so as to improve forming capability. The method converts electromagnetic acting force into uniform impact force required by workpiece deformation through a liquid medium, improves the condition that the thin wall at the forming part bears concentrated stress, increases the deformability of the thin wall corrugation part through axial and radial combined action by a compression-expansion forming mode, avoids waste products generated by material rupture, and has the advantages of reliable forming method and high forming rate; the method can flexibly control the wave width and the wave height by changing the four-step forming process and the die cavity, and form the single wave corrugated pipes with different specifications; step 4, large voltage impact is performed in electromagnetic molding, so that a workpiece is forced to be closely attached to a die cavity to perform impact shaping on the workpiece, and the molding precision of the workpiece is improved; meanwhile, the method has higher molding efficiency, and the processing efficiency in a semi-automatic mode can reach 5min for molding 1 piece.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold frame system for electromagnetic molding of a corrugated pipe, which is adopted in the electromagnetic molding method of a single-wave corrugated pipe;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electromagnetic forming die used in the electromagnetic forming method of the single wave bellows of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the partial assembly position between the workpiece and the forming die after the completion of the installation and positioning in step (I) in the electromagnetic forming method of the single wave bellows of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the corrugated structure of the workpiece after the completion of the low voltage electromagnetic shock guiding wave in step (II) in the electromagnetic molding method of the single wave corrugated pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the partial assembly position between the workpiece and the forming die after the completion of the axial compression forming in step (III) in the electromagnetic forming method of the single wave bellows of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the corrugated structure of the workpiece after the high voltage impact shaping of step (vi) in the electromagnetic shaping method of the single wave bellows of the present invention.
Wherein:
1. cylinder guide post of cylinder 2
3. Upper die frame 4 II of upper die frame I
5. Bottom plate 6 fixing plate
7. I guide post 8 movable plate
9. II guide post 10 spring
11. Discharge coil of electric cylinder 12
13. High-energy magnetizing machine 14 cable
15. Control cabinet 16 control button
17. Touch screen 18 water pipe
19. Water pump 20 grating ruler
21. Upper punch of die
211. Sealing bolt for exhaust cavity 212
213. Precision bearing
22. Coat on die
221. Bolt hole is sleeved on guide part 222
223. Upper forming groove
23. Lower outer sleeve assembly of die
233. Lower coat
2331. Lower forming groove
234. Lower punch
2341. Filling and discharging liquid cavity 2342 pressure limiting valve cavity
2343. Lower outer sleeve die bolt 2344 lower outer sleeve die carrier bolt hole
24. Workpiece 25 overflow valve
26. Base 27 pressure limiting valve pipeline
28. Sealing ring 29 annular thin belt upper edge
30. The lower edge of the annular thin belt.
Other relevant drawings may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art from the above figures without undue burden.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the invention better understood by the person skilled in the art, the technical scheme of the electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe is further described below by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings of the specification.
Example 1
An electromagnetic forming method of a single wave corrugated pipe comprises the following steps:
i mounting location
As shown in fig. 3, the workpiece 24 is installed between the lower punch 234 and the lower outer sleeve 233, the distance between the open ends of the upper forming groove 223 and the lower forming groove 2331 is determined to be L, the position of the upper outer sleeve 22 of the die is fixed, and the annular thin strip upper edge 29 of the workpiece 24 is ensured to be flush with the open end of the upper forming groove 223, and the annular thin strip lower edge 30 of the workpiece 24 is ensured to be flush with the open end of the lower forming groove 2331;
the opening distance L is equal to the width W of the endless belt of the workpiece (tube blank), and L=W, namely the upper and lower edges of the die cavity are flush with the upper and lower edges of the endless belt;
the upper punch 21 of the die, the discharge coil 12 and the upper die frame 3 of the I type are connected, the upper die jacket 22 is arranged on the upper die frame 4 of the II type, and the lower die lower jacket assembly 23 of the lower die is fixed on the bottom plate 5 of the die frame mechanism;
(II) Low Voltage electromagnetic shock guide wave
As shown in FIG. 4The high-energy magnetizer 13 discharges, and converts electric energy into impact energy of liquid medium through an electromagnetic action mechanism, and forms guide waves with the height of H 0 ；
The impact voltage (1500-3000) V of the high-energy magnetizer 13; guided wave height H 0 The relation with the final wave height H required to be molded is as follows: h 0 =（0.2~0.3）H；
(III) shaft press molding
As shown in fig. 5, the upper and lower punches of the electromagnetic forming die press the upper and lower end surfaces of the workpiece, and the dies are axially clamped, and a constant pressure P is maintained in the electromagnetic forming die 2 Finally, the mold is sleeved and closed up and down;
workpiece material yield strength delta m The relationship should be: delta m = P 2 d 1 And/2 h, wherein: p (P) 2 D is the pressure in the die 1 Is the inner diameter of the corrugated pipe; h is the thickness of the corrugated part;
(IV) high voltage impact shaping
As shown in fig. 6, the high-energy magnetizer 13 discharges, converts electric energy into impact energy of a liquid medium through an electromagnetic action mechanism, performs high-voltage impact shaping, enables the corrugation to be tightly attached to the corrugation cavity of the die under the impact action, and achieves the final requirement after rebound;
the impact shaping voltage (4500-6000) V of the high-energy magnetizer 13.
The electromagnetic forming method of the invention can adjust the wave height and wave width and needs to form different wave heights H Wave-guide Wave width W Wave-guide When the waveform of (a) is to be calculated, the required width w=v of the annulus is to be recalculated according to the isovolumetric principle Wave-guide /S Circular cross section Wherein V is Wave-guide For volume at wave formation, S Circular cross section For the cross section area of the tube blank at the forming position, the upper and lower edges of the annular thin strip are ensured to be level with the corrugated cavity, and the width W of the corrugated cavity of the die Mould =（0.90~0.95）W Wave-guide
The method converts electromagnetic acting force into uniform impact force required by workpiece deformation through a liquid medium, improves the condition that the thin wall at the forming part bears concentrated stress, increases the deformability of the thin wall corrugation part through axial and radial combined action by a compression-expansion forming mode, avoids waste products generated by material rupture, and has the advantages of reliable forming method and high forming rate; the method can flexibly control the wave width and the wave height by changing the four-step forming process and the die cavity, and form the single wave corrugated pipes with different specifications; fourth step of electromagnetic forming, large voltage impact forces the workpiece to be tightly attached to the die cavity to impact and shape the workpiece, and the forming precision of the workpiece is improved; meanwhile, the method has higher molding efficiency, and the processing efficiency in a semi-automatic mode can reach 5 minutes to mold one piece.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the die carrier system for electromagnetic molding of corrugated pipe, which is applied to the electromagnetic molding method of single wave corrugated pipe described in embodiment 1, comprises a displacement driving mechanism, a die carrier mechanism, a liquid filling and discharging circulation mechanism and an electromagnetic action mechanism;
the displacement driving mechanism comprises an oil cylinder 1 and a pair of electric cylinders 11;
the die set mechanism comprises a number I upper die set 3, a number II upper die set 4, a fixed plate 6 and a movable plate 8; the upper die carrier 3I is connected with the moving plate 8 through a guide column 9 II, the upper die carrier 3I is connected with a piston rod of the oil cylinder 1, and the bottom of the moving plate 8 is fixed with a die upper punch 21; the electric cylinder 11 is arranged on the fixed plate 6, a piston rod of the electric cylinder penetrates through the fixed plate 6 to be connected with the No. II upper die frame 4, and the No. II upper die frame 4 is connected with the die upper outer sleeve 22;
in this embodiment, in order to achieve reasonable layout of the device, the die carrier mechanism further includes a base 26, and the fixing plate 6 is fixed on the base 26 through a guide column 7 of No. i; the lower die casing assembly 23 is disposed on top of the base 26 through the base plate 5, and the work piece 24 is inserted into the lower die casing assembly 23.
In the embodiment, in order to ensure that the coaxiality and the parallelism between the upper die punch 21 and the upper die jacket 22 and the lower die jacket assembly 23 are less than or equal to 0.05mm in the moving process of the oil cylinder driving die frame mechanism, an oil cylinder guide post 2 is further arranged, one end of the oil cylinder guide post 2 is connected with an oil cylinder 1, and the other end of the oil cylinder guide post 2 is fixedly connected with an upper die frame I3; meanwhile, in order to ensure that the coaxiality and the parallelism between the upper die jacket 22 and the lower die jacket assembly 23 are less than or equal to 0.05mm in the moving process of the die frame mechanism driven by the electric cylinder 11, the guide column 7 passes through the upper die frame 4;
the liquid filling and discharging circulation mechanism comprises a water pump 19 communicated with the die cavity of the die through a water pipe 18 and an overflow valve 25 arranged at the outlet of a pressure limiting valve pipeline 27 of the die cavity, the water pump 19 injects liquid into the die cavity of the die through the water pipe 18, and the pressure value of the overflow valve 25 is adjusted to ensure that certain internal pressure is kept in the die cavity.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure a compact design of the device, the water pump 19 is disposed inside the base 26;
the electromagnetic action mechanism comprises a discharge coil 12, a high-energy magnetizer 13 and a cable 14 for connecting the discharge coil and the high-energy magnetizer; the discharge coil 12 is arranged between the upper I die carrier 3 and the movable plate 8 and is fixedly connected with the upper I die carrier 3; after the high-energy magnetizer 13 is charged and stored, the high-energy magnetizer is transmitted to the discharge coil 12 through the cable 14 to finish discharging;
the high-energy magnetizer 13 comprises a plurality of capacitance modules for storing electric energy and instantaneously discharging; the electromagnetic action mechanism discharges instantly to enable the punch to generate high-energy impact;
in the present embodiment, the discharge coil 12 has a width S 1 Is coiled into a spiral shape, and a gap S is kept in the middle 2 The gap is filled with insulating rubber, and after solidification and shaping, the outside of the coil is protected by adopting ceramic materials.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the moving plate 8 is always attached to the discharge coil 12, a plurality of springs 10 are provided at the bottom edge of the moving plate 8.
In this embodiment, in order to further improve the automation degree of the mold frame system, the mold frame system for electromagnetic molding of the corrugated pipe further includes a control mechanism; the control mechanism comprises a control cabinet 15 and a grating ruler 20, wherein a control button 16 and a touch screen 17 are arranged on the control cabinet 15, and the control button 16 is used for realizing manual adjustment on the up-and-down movement of the No. I upper die carrier 3 and the No. II upper die carrier 4; the touch screen 17 is used for setting a pressure overflow valve value of the die cavity pressure and the pressure of the oil cylinder, and the height of the die carrier on the II-type die carrier can be controlled by matching with a grating ruler. The control cabinet 15 is a commercial product, and all devices such as the oil cylinder 1, the electric cylinder 11, the water pump 19, the overflow valve 25, the grating ruler 20 and the like are electrically connected by adopting a conventional simple electric connection mode or a signal transmission mode in the automatic control field, and all modes capable of realizing control and signal transmission can be adopted.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, the electromagnetic forming die for corrugated pipe applied to embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1, is a die for electromagnetic forming of a thin-walled metal pipe fitting with convex corrugation, comprising a die upper jacket 22, a die upper punch 21 and a die lower jacket assembly 23, the die lower jacket assembly 23 comprising a die lower jacket 233 and a lower punch 234.
The upper outer sleeve 22 of the die is a hollow stepped shaft structure consisting of a connecting part, a positioning part and a guiding part 221, wherein the diameter of the connecting part is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and an upper forming groove 213 is formed on the bottom surface of the guiding part 221; a plurality of upper outer jacket bolt holes 212 are formed in the connecting portion; the upper outer sleeve 22 of the die is fixedly connected with the upper die frame 4 II by bolts penetrating through bolt holes 222 of the upper outer sleeve, and the distance between the upper outer sleeve and the lower outer sleeve can be controlled according to the requirement in the forming process.
The upper punch 21 of the die is of a stepped shaft structure with a T-shaped longitudinal section, and the small diameter end of the upper punch is inserted into the middle cavity of the upper jacket 22 of the die and is in clearance fit with the middle cavity; the top of the upper die punch 21 is provided with a precision bearing 213, the upper die punch 21 is in flexible connection with the upper die frame 3I through the precision bearing 213, the coaxiality of the upper die punch 21 and the upper die jacket 22 can be ensured, the impact process can be ensured, and the upper die punch 21 is kept in a free up-down state.
The lower outer sleeve 233 is a hollow cylinder structure with a groove formed at the top, and a lower forming groove 2331 which is arranged corresponding to the upper forming groove 223 is formed at the bottom of the groove; the guide part 221 of the upper outer jacket 22 of the mold is inserted into the groove of the lower outer jacket 233; the upper outer sleeve 22 and the lower outer sleeve 233 of the die are matched through the guide part 221, so that the higher coaxiality between the upper outer sleeve 22 and the lower outer sleeve 233 of the die is ensured;
the lower punch 24 is of a cylindrical structure, a convex edge is formed at the bottom of the lower punch, a liquid filling and discharging cavity channel 2341 and a pressure limiting valve cavity channel 2342 connected with the overflow valve 25 are formed in the middle of the lower punch, and the convex edge is fixed with the bottom plate 5 through a lower outer sleeve die carrier bolt hole 2344; the lower outer sleeve 233 is sleeved outside the lower punch 234, and is in clearance fit with the lower punch 234, and the bottom of the lower outer sleeve 233 is fixed with the flange through a lower outer sleeve die bolt 2343.
The workpiece 24 is placed in the gap between the upper and lower outer jackets of the die and the upper and lower punches of the die, and liquid is filled between the upper and lower punches of the die.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent liquid from overflowing during the high-pressure impact forming process, the upper punch and the lower punch are provided with grooves at proper positions for installing sealing rings 28.
In this embodiment, the upper punch 21 of the die is formed with a vent channel 211, an inlet of the vent channel 221 is disposed on the bottom surface of the upper punch 21 of the die, an outlet is disposed on the side wall of the large diameter end of the upper punch 21, and a sealing bolt 212 is disposed at the outlet; the exhaust cavity 211 is used for exhausting the gas in the cavity, and the sealing bolt 212 is used for sealing after exhausting the gas.
In this embodiment, the bottoms of the upper molding groove 233 and the lower molding groove 2331 are inclined surfaces, and the ends are in arc transition. During molding, the upper outer sleeve 22 and the lower outer sleeve 233 of the mold are closed, namely the bottom surface of the upper outer sleeve 22 of the mold is tightly attached to the bottom of the groove of the lower outer sleeve 233, and the upper molding groove 223 and the lower molding groove 2331 are closed to form a complete corrugated cavity; the precision bellows molding cavity is machined to form a specific waveform.
In this embodiment, the inner cavities of the upper outer sleeve 22 and the lower outer sleeve 233 of the mold and the inner wall of the corrugated cavity are polished by fluid, the surface roughness reaches over Ra0.1, and the lubricating oil is coated before molding, so that the friction damage to the workpiece in the molding process is reduced.
In this embodiment, the materials used for the upper die jacket, the upper die punch, the lower die jacket and the lower punch are GCr15 alloy steel, and the hardness (60-65) HRC after heat treatment has good impact resistance and deformation resistance.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that are easily conceivable within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention and the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An electromagnetic forming method of a single wave corrugated pipe is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
i mounting location
Lifting the upper die frame I and the upper die frame II, installing a workpiece between the lower punch and the die lower outer sleeve, positioning, filling an antirust liquid medium, determining an opening distance L, and lowering the upper die frame II to a proper position to ensure that the distance between the upper forming groove and the open end of the lower forming groove is L;
(II) Low Voltage electromagnetic shock guide wave
The high-energy magnetizer discharges, converts electric energy into impact energy of a liquid medium through an electromagnetic action mechanism, and forms guide waves with the height of H by low-voltage impact 0 ；
(III) shaft press molding
The upper end face and the lower end face of the workpiece are pressed by the electromagnetic forming die, the die is axially clamped, and a certain pressure P is kept in the electromagnetic forming die 2 Finally, the mold is sleeved and closed up and down;
(IV) high voltage impact shaping
The high-energy magnetizing machine discharges, electric energy is converted into impact energy of a liquid medium through a discharge coil of the electromagnetic action mechanism, high-voltage impact shaping is performed, the corrugation is tightly attached to a corrugation cavity of the die under the impact action, and the final requirement is met after rebound;
the die carrier system for electromagnetic forming of the corrugated pipe comprises a displacement driving mechanism, a die carrier mechanism, a liquid filling and discharging circulating mechanism and an electromagnetic action mechanism;
the displacement driving mechanism comprises an oil cylinder and a pair of electric cylinders;
the die set mechanism comprises a number I upper die set, a number II upper die set, a fixed plate and a movable plate; the upper die frame I is connected with the movable plate through a guide column II, the upper die frame I is connected with a piston rod of the oil cylinder, and the bottom of the movable plate is fixed with an upper punch of the die; the electric cylinder is arranged on the fixed plate, a piston rod of the electric cylinder penetrates through the fixed plate to be connected with an upper die frame II, and the upper die frame II is connected with an upper die jacket;
the liquid filling and discharging circulation mechanism comprises a water pump communicated with the die cavity of the die through a water pipe and an overflow valve arranged at the outlet of a pressure limiting valve pipeline of the die cavity;
the electromagnetic action mechanism comprises a discharge coil, a high-energy magnetizer and a cable for realizing connection of the discharge coil and the high-energy magnetizer; the discharge coil is arranged between the I-shaped upper die frame and the movable plate and is fixedly connected with the I-shaped upper die frame;
the electromagnetic forming mold comprises a mold upper outer sleeve, a mold upper punch and a mold lower outer sleeve assembly.
2. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the specific requirements of positioning in the installation and positioning of the step (I) are as follows: the distance L between the open ends of the upper forming groove and the lower forming groove is equal to the annular thin-strip width W of the workpiece.
3. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 2, wherein: the upper edge of the annular thin belt of the workpiece is flush with the open end of the upper forming groove, and the lower edge of the annular thin belt of the workpiece is flush with the open end of the lower forming groove.
4. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the step (II) is to guide wave height H in the low-voltage electromagnetic shock guide wave 0 Satisfy the relation H with the final wave height H of the required molding 0 ＝(0.2～0.3)H。
5. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 1, wherein: and (2) the impact voltage of the low-voltage electromagnetic impact guide wave medium-high-energy magnetizer in the step (II) is 1500-3000V.
6. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the internal pressure retention P of the electromagnetic forming die in the (III) axial compression forming 2 Yield strength delta to workpiece material m Satisfy the relationship delta m ＝P 2 d 1 /2h, where d 1 The inner diameter of the corrugated pipe is h, and the thickness of the corrugated part is h.
7. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 1, wherein: and (5) the impact shaping voltage of the high-energy magnetizer in the step (IV) high-voltage impact shaping is 4500V-6000V.
8. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the capacitance of the high-energy magnetizing machine is 1200 mu F, and the maximum discharge voltage is 25000V.
9. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the discharge coil is formed by spirally winding a copper plate with the thickness of 5mm and the width of 30mm, winding gaps are 8mm, and epoxy resin glue is poured between the gaps for insulation.
10. The electromagnetic forming method of the single wave corrugated pipe according to claim 9, wherein: the diameter D of the discharge coil and the outer diameter D of the workpiece 0 The relation is D= (1.2-1.5) D 0 。
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