CN107309322A - Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device and manufacturing process based on electro plastic effect - Google Patents
Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device and manufacturing process based on electro plastic effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN107309322A CN107309322A CN201710498178.7A CN201710498178A CN107309322A CN 107309322 A CN107309322 A CN 107309322A CN 201710498178 A CN201710498178 A CN 201710498178A CN 107309322 A CN107309322 A CN 107309322A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
- B21D26/10—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves generated by evaporation, e.g. of wire, of liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device and manufacturing process based on electro plastic effect, belong to metal material processing molding field, and what the electro-hydraulic forming method under existing thermal condition that solves was present is easily caused the problem of tissue defects and surface oxidation occurs in drip molding.The building mortion is included for making sheet metal occur the Electroplastic unit of electro plastic effect and for occurring the electro-hydraulic forming unit of the sheet metal of electro plastic effect progress electro-hydraulic forming.The step of manufacturing process includes making the step of electro plastic effect occurs for sheet metal and sheet metal being formed using electro-hydraulic forming method.Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device and manufacturing process of the present invention based on electro plastic effect are applied to the complicated shaping of sheet metal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal sheet forming device and manufacturing process, belong to metal material processing molding field.
Background technology
Electro-hydraulic forming method under existing thermal condition is relatively specific for the complicated shaping of sheet metal.But, this method
But there are following two subject matters：
First, heating is carried out to material and is likely to result in the change of its interior microscopic tissue, and then cause drip molding group occur
Knit defect；
2nd, the surface of drip molding is oxidizable.
The content of the invention
There is tissue and lacked for the drip molding that is easily caused that the electro-hydraulic forming method that solves under existing thermal condition is present in the present invention
The problem of sunken and surface oxidation, it is proposed that a kind of sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device and shaping side based on electro plastic effect
Method.
Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device of the present invention based on electro plastic effect include Electroplastic unit and
Electro-hydraulic forming unit；
Electroplastic unit is used to make sheet metal occur electro plastic effect；
Electro-hydraulic forming unit is used to carry out electro-hydraulic forming to occurring the sheet metal of electro plastic effect.
As preferably, electro-hydraulic forming unit includes cavity plate 1, supporter 2, the first pulse voltage signal and occurs son list
Member, first electrode 3, second electrode 4 and wire 5；
The bottom surface opening of cavity plate 1, the top surface opening of supporter 2, sheet metal 6 is clamped in openend and the support of cavity plate 1
Between the openend of body 2, the region that sheet metal 6 and cavity plate 1 surround constitutes vacuum chamber, and sheet metal 6 and supporter be 2-in-1 to be enclosed
Region, which is constituted, is filled with liquid medium in liquid room, liquid room；
The two ends of wire 5 are connected with the first end of first electrode 3 and the first end of second electrode 4 respectively, first electrode 3
The second end and the second end of second electrode 4 be connected respectively with the positive pole and negative pole of the first pulse voltage signal generating unit；
First pulse voltage signal generating unit is used to make wire 5 gasify；
Wire 5 is fixedly installed in liquid room by first electrode 3 and second electrode 4, and parallel with sheet metal 6.
As preferably, electro-hydraulic forming unit also includes top plate 7 and base 8；
Cavity plate 1 is fixedly installed on top plate 7, and supporter 2 is fixedly installed on base 8；
The openend of cavity plate 1 and the openend of supporter 2 are two-stage ring Zhou Taijie, and the openend of cavity plate 1 can be with branch
The openend occlusion of support body 2, the edge of sheet metal 6 is located between the inner side step of cavity plate 1 and the inner side step of supporter 2,
Sealing ring 9 is provided between the outside step of cavity plate 1 and the outside step of supporter 2；
Multiple fastening bolts 10 are additionally provided between top plate 7 and base 8, top plate 7 passes through the phase of fastening bolt 10 with base 8
Pair and it is parallel fixed, and for applying pressure to the edge of sheet metal 6 indirectly.
As preferably, cavity plate 1 is fixed with top plate 7, supporter 2 and base 8 by hexagon socket cap head screw 11
Set；
The openend of cavity plate 1 is circle, and the length of wire 5 is equal with the circular diameter, wire 5 it is a diameter of
0.4mm~1.7mm.
As preferably, subelement, which occurs, for the first pulse voltage signal includes high-tension transformer T, rectifier UF, charging
Resistance R, storage capacitor C and discharging gap F；
The first end of high-tension transformer T primary coil and the second end are connected with the two ends of alternating-current voltage source respectively, high pressure
The first end of transformer T secondary coil is connected by rectifier UF with charging resistor R first end, and the second of charging resistor R
End is connected with storage capacitor C first end and discharging gap F the first external connection end simultaneously, and discharging gap F the second external connection end is
The positive pole of subelement occurs for the first pulse voltage signal, and the of the second end of high-tension transformer T secondary coil and storage capacitor C
Two ends are connected with power supply, and the common port at the second end of high-tension transformer T secondary coil and storage capacitor C the second end is
The negative pole of subelement occurs for the first pulse voltage signal.
As preferably, the first end of first electrode 3 and the first end of second electrode 4 sequentially pass through base 8 and branch
Enter liquid room after support body 2；
The assembly insulation set of first electrode 3 and second electrode 4 with being made up of base 8 and supporter 2；
First electrode 3 is sealed with the junction of the assembly and second electrode 4 and the junction of the assembly
Set.
As preferably, the middle part of first electrode 3 and the middle part of second electrode 4 are respectively positioned on the inside of the assembly,
Insulation sleeve 12 is cased with the middle part of first electrode 3 and the middle part of second electrode 4, the material of insulation sleeve 12 is rubber.
As preferably, Electroplastic unit include the second pulse voltage signal occur subelement 13, the 3rd electrode 14,
4th electrode 15 and temperature survey subelement；
Second pulse voltage signal occur the positive pole and negative pole of subelement 13 respectively with the first end of the 3rd electrode 14 and the
The first end of four electrodes 15 is connected, and the second end of the 3rd electrode 14 and the second end of the 4th electrode 15 sequentially pass through the He of top plate 7
Connect after cavity plate 1 with sheet metal 6, the 3rd electrode 14 and the 4th electrode 15 with it is exhausted by top plate 7 and assembly that cavity plate 1 is constituted
Edge is set；
Temperature survey subelement includes thermocouple sensor and temperature display meter, and thermocouple sensor is used to experience metal
The temperature of plate surface, its electrical signal is connected with the electric signal input end of temperature display meter.
As preferably, the building mortion also includes vacuum air pump 16；
Air flue, gas outlet and the vacuum air pump 16 of air flue are provided with the assembly being made up of top plate 7 and cavity plate 1
Bleeding point is connected, and the air inlet of air flue is connected with vacuum chamber.
Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming method of the present invention based on electro plastic effect includes：
Step 1: making sheet metal occur electro plastic effect；
Step 2: sheet metal is formed using electro-hydraulic forming method.
Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device and manufacturing process of the present invention based on electro plastic effect, first make metal
Electro plastic effect occurs for sheet material, then carries out electro-hydraulic forming to occurring the sheet metal of electro plastic effect.With existing warm bar
Electro-hydraulic forming method under part is compared, and the present invention can be efficiently solved while the complicated shaping suitable for sheet metal
What the electro-hydraulic forming method under existing thermal condition was present is easily caused the problem of tissue defects and surface oxidation occurs in drip molding.
Brief description of the drawings
Hereinafter by based on embodiment and refer to the attached drawing come to the metal of the present invention based on electro plastic effect
Sheet material electro-hydraulic forming device and manufacturing process are described in more detail, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device based on electro plastic effect described in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the front view for the top plate that embodiment is referred to；
Fig. 3 is the top view for the top plate that embodiment is referred to；
Fig. 4 is the front view for the cavity plate that embodiment is referred to；
Fig. 5 is the top view for the cavity plate that embodiment is referred to；
Fig. 6 is the front view for the base that embodiment is referred to；
Fig. 7 is the top view for the base that embodiment is referred to；
Fig. 8 is the front view for the supporter that embodiment is referred to；
Fig. 9 is the top view for the supporter that embodiment is referred to.
In the accompanying drawings, identical part uses identical reference.Accompanying drawing is not according to actual ratio.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device of the present invention based on electro plastic effect and
Manufacturing process is further illustrated.
Embodiment：The present embodiment is explained with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 9.
The sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device based on electro plastic effect described in the present embodiment includes Electroplastic unit
With electro-hydraulic forming unit；
Electroplastic unit is used to make sheet metal occur electro plastic effect；
Electro-hydraulic forming unit is used to carry out electro-hydraulic forming to occurring the sheet metal of electro plastic effect.
Electro-hydraulic forming unit includes cavity plate 1, supporter 2, the first pulse voltage signal and occurs subelement, first electrode 3, the
Two electrodes 4 and wire 5；
The bottom surface opening of cavity plate 1, the top surface opening of supporter 2, sheet metal 6 is clamped in openend and the support of cavity plate 1
Between the openend of body 2, the region that sheet metal 6 and cavity plate 1 surround constitutes vacuum chamber, and sheet metal 6 and supporter be 2-in-1 to be enclosed
Region, which is constituted, is filled with liquid medium in liquid room, liquid room；
The two ends of wire 5 are connected with the first end of first electrode 3 and the first end of second electrode 4 respectively, first electrode 3
The second end and the second end of second electrode 4 be connected respectively with the positive pole and negative pole of the first pulse voltage signal generating unit；
First pulse voltage signal generating unit is used to make wire 5 gasify；
Wire 5 is fixedly installed in liquid room by first electrode 3 and second electrode 4, and parallel with sheet metal 6.
Electro-hydraulic forming unit also includes top plate 7 and base 8；
Cavity plate 1 is fixedly installed on top plate 7, and supporter 2 is fixedly installed on base 8；
The openend of cavity plate 1 and the openend of supporter 2 are two-stage ring Zhou Taijie, and the openend of cavity plate 1 can be with branch
The openend occlusion of support body 2, the edge of sheet metal 6 is located between the inner side step of cavity plate 1 and the inner side step of supporter 2,
Sealing ring 9 is provided between the outside step of cavity plate 1 and the outside step of supporter 2；
Multiple fastening bolts 10 are additionally provided between top plate 7 and base 8, top plate 7 passes through the phase of fastening bolt 10 with base 8
Pair and it is parallel fixed, and for applying pressure to the edge of sheet metal 6 indirectly.
Cavity plate 1 is fixedly installed with top plate 7, supporter 2 and base 8 by hexagon socket cap head screw 11；
The openend of cavity plate 1 is circle, and the length of wire 5 is equal with the circular diameter, wire 5 it is a diameter of
0.4mm~1.7mm.
Subelement, which occurs, for the first pulse voltage signal includes high-tension transformer T, rectifier UF, charging resistor R, storage capacitor
C and discharging gap F；
The first end of high-tension transformer T primary coil and the second end are connected with the two ends of alternating-current voltage source respectively, high pressure
The first end of transformer T secondary coil is connected by rectifier UF with charging resistor R first end, and the second of charging resistor R
End is connected with storage capacitor C first end and discharging gap F the first external connection end simultaneously, and discharging gap F the second external connection end is
The positive pole of subelement occurs for the first pulse voltage signal, and the of the second end of high-tension transformer T secondary coil and storage capacitor C
Two ends are connected with power supply, and the common port at the second end of high-tension transformer T secondary coil and storage capacitor C the second end is
The negative pole of subelement occurs for the first pulse voltage signal.
The first end of first electrode 3 and the first end of second electrode 4, which are sequentially passed through, enters liquid after base 8 and supporter 2
Room；
The assembly insulation set of first electrode 3 and second electrode 4 with being made up of base 8 and supporter 2；
First electrode 3 is sealed with the junction of the assembly and second electrode 4 and the junction of the assembly
Set.
The middle part of first electrode 3 and the middle part of second electrode 4 are respectively positioned on the inside of the assembly, in first electrode 3
Middle part and the middle part of second electrode 4 are cased with insulation sleeve 12, and the material of insulation sleeve 12 is rubber.
Electroplastic unit includes the second pulse voltage signal and occurs subelement 13, the 3rd electrode 14, the and of the 4th electrode 15
Temperature survey subelement；
Second pulse voltage signal occur the positive pole and negative pole of subelement 13 respectively with the first end of the 3rd electrode 14 and the
The first end of four electrodes 15 is connected, and the second end of the 3rd electrode 14 and the second end of the 4th electrode 15 sequentially pass through the He of top plate 7
Connect after cavity plate 1 with sheet metal 6, the 3rd electrode 14 and the 4th electrode 15 with it is exhausted by top plate 7 and assembly that cavity plate 1 is constituted
Edge is set；
Temperature survey subelement includes thermocouple sensor and temperature display meter, and thermocouple sensor is used to experience metal
The temperature of plate surface, its electrical signal is connected with the electric signal input end of temperature display meter.
The building mortion also includes vacuum air pump 16；
Air flue, gas outlet and the vacuum air pump 16 of air flue are provided with the assembly being made up of top plate 7 and cavity plate 1
Bleeding point is connected, and the air inlet of air flue is connected with vacuum chamber.
In the present embodiment, can be by adjusting the tightness of top plate 7 and base 8 and changing different-thickness and elasticity
Sealing ring 9 change pressure-pad-force suffered by sheet metal 6, and then lift the quality of sheet material forming.
In the present embodiment, also extend through and be provided with for fixing in the bottom for the assembly being made up of base 8 with supporter 2
The through hole of night joint is filled, the topping up joint is connected with fluid filled devices.
It is high energy pulse voltage source that subelement 13, which occurs, for second pulse voltage signal of the present embodiment, and it is used for by the 3rd
The electrode 15 of electrode 14 and the 4th applies high energy pulse voltage at the two ends of sheet metal 6, and the high energy pulse electric current produced therewith makes
Electro plastic effect occurs for sheet metal 6, and its plasticity is greatly enhanced.During Electroplastic, sheet metal 6
Because its from resistance within the extremely short time be heated.The temperature survey subelement of the present embodiment is used in this process measurement in real time
The surface temperature of sheet metal 6.When the surface temperature of sheet metal 6 exceedes safety value, it should be applied to metal by reducing
The mode of the high energy pulse voltage at the two ends of sheet material 6 prevents the surface temperature of sheet metal 6 from further raising, so as to effectively prevent
Only the quality of drip molding is influenceed because plate surface temperature is too high.
After electro plastic effect occurs for sheet metal 6, first pulse voltage signal of the present embodiment occurs subelement and opened
Beginning work.When storage capacitor C is charged to certain numerical value, discharging gap F is breakdown.The pulse for being applied to the two ends of wire 5 is high
Pressure makes its moment by thermal evaporation.Due to being filled with liquid medium in liquid room, pressure produced by wire gasification is when extremely short
It is interior to rise to peak value and produce shock wave and spread in liquid medium to surrounding rapidly, shock wave to sheet material to be formed
On, just promote the sheet material to be formed of warm in the compound action of outside high-duty hydraulic shock ripple and internal high energy pulse electric current
Lower deformation.
The sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device based on electro plastic effect described in the present embodiment has advantages below：
1st, after applying high energy pulse voltage at the two ends of sheet metal, high energy pulse electric current flows through sheet metal.The height
Energy impulse electric current can lift the elongation percentage of sheet material, reduce the flow stress of sheet material, optimize the interior microscopic tissue of sheet material, make plate
Material has more preferable plasticity, reduces the tissue defects of drip molding.
2nd, carry out shaped sheet using the building mortion described in the present embodiment, can significantly shorten forming period, fully
Using the plastic deformation ability of sheet material, incident resilience, cracking, material point in Sheet Metal Forming can be efficiently solved
Cloth is uneven and the problem of microstructure defect.
3rd, building mortion efficiency high, energy consumption described in the present embodiment are low, environmental protection, have both improved sheet deformation ability,
The combination property of material is can guarantee that again, is had in the high drip molding of shaping form Complex Parts, difficult processing sheet material, quality requirement huge
Big advantage.
Although describing the present invention herein with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that, these realities
Apply the example that example is only principles and applications.It should therefore be understood that can be permitted exemplary embodiment
Many modifications, and can be designed that other arrangements, the spirit of the invention limited without departing from appended claims and
Scope.It should be understood that can be by way of different from described by original claim come with reference to different appurtenances
It is required that and feature specifically described herein.It will also be appreciated that the feature with reference to described by separate embodiments can be used at it
In his embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that the building mortion includes electroluminescent
Plastic unit and electro-hydraulic forming unit；
Electroplastic unit is used to make sheet metal occur electro plastic effect；
Electro-hydraulic forming unit is used to carry out electro-hydraulic forming to occurring the sheet metal of electro plastic effect.
2. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 1 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that electro-hydraulic
Forming unit includes cavity plate (1), supporter (2), the first pulse voltage signal and occurs subelement, first electrode (3), second electrode
And wire (5) (4)；
The bottom surface opening of cavity plate (1), the top surface opening of supporter (2), sheet metal (6) be clamped in cavity plate (1) openend and
Between the openend of supporter (2), the region that sheet metal (6) and cavity plate (1) surround constitutes vacuum chamber, sheet metal (6) with
The region that supporter (2) surrounds, which is constituted, is filled with liquid medium in liquid room, liquid room；
The two ends of wire (5) are connected with the first end of first electrode (3) and the first end of second electrode (4) respectively, the first electricity
The positive pole and negative pole of second end of pole (3) and the second end of second electrode (4) respectively with the first pulse voltage signal generating unit
It is connected；
First pulse voltage signal generating unit is used to make wire (5) gasify；
Wire (5) is fixedly installed in liquid room by first electrode (3) and second electrode (4), and flat with sheet metal (6)
OK.
3. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 2 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that electro-hydraulic
Forming unit also includes top plate (7) and base (8)；
Cavity plate (1) is fixedly installed on top plate (7), and supporter (2) is fixedly installed on base (8)；
The openend of cavity plate (1) and the openend of supporter (2) are two-stage ring Zhou Taijie, and the openend of cavity plate (1) can be with
The openend occlusion of supporter (2), the edge of sheet metal (6) is located at the inner side step of cavity plate (1) and the inner side of supporter (2)
Between step, sealing ring (9) is provided between the outside step of cavity plate (1) and the outside step of supporter (2)；
Multiple fastening bolts (10) are additionally provided between top plate (7) and base (8), top plate (7) is with base (8) by fastening spiral shell
Bolt (10) is relative and parallel fixed, and for applying pressure to the edge of sheet metal (6) indirectly.
4. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 3 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that cavity plate
(1) it is fixedly installed with top plate (7), supporter (2) and base (8) by hexagon socket cap head screw (11)；
The openend of cavity plate (1) is circle, and the length of wire (5) is equal with the circular diameter, the diameter of wire (5)
For 0.4mm~1.7mm.
5. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 4 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that first
Subelement, which occurs, for pulse voltage signal includes high-tension transformer T, rectifier UF, charging resistor R, storage capacitor C and discharging gap
F；
The first end of high-tension transformer T primary coil and the second end are connected with the two ends of alternating-current voltage source respectively, high pressure transformation
The first end of device T secondary coil is connected by rectifier UF with charging resistor R first end, and charging resistor R the second end is same
When be connected with storage capacitor C first end and discharging gap F the first external connection end, discharging gap F the second external connection end is first
The positive pole of subelement, the second end of high-tension transformer T secondary coil and storage capacitor C the second end occur for pulse voltage signal
It is connected with power supply, the common port at the second end of high-tension transformer T secondary coil and storage capacitor C the second end is first
The negative pole of subelement occurs for pulse voltage signal.
6. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 5 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that first
The first end of electrode (3) and the first end of second electrode (4) sequentially pass through base (8) and supporter (2) and enter liquid room afterwards；
The assembly insulation set of first electrode (3) and second electrode (4) with being made up of base (8) and supporter (2)；
First electrode (3) is sealed with the junction of the assembly and second electrode (4) and the junction of the assembly
Set.
7. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 6 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that first
The inside of the assembly is respectively positioned in the middle part of the middle part of electrode (3) and second electrode (4), at the middle part of first electrode (3) and
The middle part of second electrode (4) is cased with insulation sleeve (12), and the material of insulation sleeve (12) is rubber.
8. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 7 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that electroluminescent
Plastic unit includes the second pulse voltage signal and occurs subelement (13), the 3rd electrode (14), the 4th electrode (15) and temperature survey
Quantum boxes；
Second pulse voltage signal occur the positive pole and negative pole of subelement (13) respectively with the first end of the 3rd electrode (14) and the
The first end of four electrodes (15) is connected, and the second end of the 3rd electrode (14) and the second end of the 4th electrode (15) sequentially pass through top
Plate (7) and cavity plate (1) connect with sheet metal (6) afterwards, the 3rd electrode (14) and the 4th electrode (15) with by top plate (7) with it is recessed
The assembly insulation set that mould (1) is constituted；
Temperature survey subelement includes thermocouple sensor and temperature display meter, and thermocouple sensor is used to experience sheet metal
The temperature on surface, its electrical signal is connected with the electric signal input end of temperature display meter.
9. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device as claimed in claim 8 based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that described
Building mortion also includes vacuum air pump (16)；
Air flue, gas outlet and the vacuum air pump (16) of air flue are provided with the assembly being made up of top plate (7) and cavity plate (1)
Bleeding point be connected, the air inlet of air flue is connected with vacuum chamber.
10. the sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming method based on electro plastic effect, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Step 1: making sheet metal occur electro plastic effect；
Step 2: sheet metal is formed using electro-hydraulic forming method.
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