CN109588352B - High-cleanness aquaculture net cage and method - Google Patents
High-cleanness aquaculture net cage and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109588352B CN109588352B CN201910105135.7A CN201910105135A CN109588352B CN 109588352 B CN109588352 B CN 109588352B CN 201910105135 A CN201910105135 A CN 201910105135A CN 109588352 B CN109588352 B CN 109588352B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011086 high cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/093—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture net cage with high cleaning degree and a method thereof, wherein the culture net cage comprises a net rack, a cylindrical main net arranged on the net rack and provided with an opening at the upper end, a fixed plate arranged in a soil layer below the bottom surface of the main net, an upright post arranged on the fixed plate and penetrating through the bottom surface of the main net, and an upper net retracting mechanism and a lower net retracting mechanism arranged on the lower part of the upright post; a tension spring is arranged between the lower net retracting mechanism and the fixed plate, an air cylinder is arranged on the fixed plate, and a telescopic rod of the air cylinder is in contact with the lower net retracting mechanism; still including being located the upper end open-ended that is the supplementary net of tube-shape in the main network, the mesh size of supplementary net is less than the size of fodder granule, and supplementary net lower limb is connected with a plurality of lower coiler that receive net mechanism and locate the rack lower part down respectively. The invention has the characteristics that the area below the net cage can be automatically cleaned, the surrounding of the net cage is ensured not to be eutrophicated, and the utilization rate of the feed is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of net cages, in particular to a cultivation net cage with high cleanness degree and a method.
Background
With the development of aquaculture industry, cage culture is more and more popular, cage culture is a highly intensive culture mode which is high in yield by applying a pond dense and concentrated intensive culture technology to a larger water surface with superior environmental conditions, the land and labor required for excavating a fishpond can be saved, the effect is fast after investment, the cage culture can fully utilize water and erbium organisms, mixed culture and dense culture are carried out, the survival rate is high, the high-yield purpose can be achieved, the culture period is short, the management is convenient, the cage culture method has the advantages of flexibility and simplicity and convenience in operation, however, because water flow is flowing, the flow is fast sometimes, when the feed is put into the cages, the feed easily flows out of the cages, some fishes only eat the feed in the water, the feed at the bottoms of the cages can be mixed with other garbage sundries, the fishes often do not eat, the feed utilization rate is low, and the feed cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of low feed utilization rate in the prior art and provides a culture net cage with high cleanness and a method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-cleanness aquaculture net cage comprises a groove arranged in a soil layer below the net cage, a grid plate arranged on the groove, gravels arranged in the groove, a net frame, a cylindrical main net arranged on the net frame and provided with an opening at the upper end, a fixed plate arranged on the grid plate, a stand column arranged on the fixed plate and penetrating through the bottom surface of the main net, and an upper net retracting mechanism and a lower net retracting mechanism arranged on the lower part of the stand column; a tension spring is arranged between the lower net retracting mechanism and the fixed plate, an air cylinder is arranged on the fixed plate, and a telescopic rod of the air cylinder is in contact with the lower net retracting mechanism; the feed net is characterized by further comprising an upper end opening cylindrical auxiliary net located in the main net, the mesh size of the auxiliary net is smaller than the size of feed particles, the lower edge of the auxiliary net is connected with a plurality of lower retractors arranged below the net rack and the lower net retracting mechanism respectively, the upper edge of the auxiliary net is connected with the upper net retracting mechanism and a plurality of upper retractors arranged above the net rack respectively, a buzzer is arranged at the lower end of the net rack, the upper net retracting mechanism and the lower net retracting mechanism are connected with the stand column in a sliding mode, the groove is connected with the cleaning mechanism, the buzzer, the upper net retracting mechanism, the lower net retracting mechanism, the cylinder, each upper retractor and each lower retractor are electrically connected with the controller.
The auxiliary net is unfolded when feeding, and is in a folded state at other time, so that the normal water permeability of the net cage is not influenced, and garbage such as fish excrement and the like cannot be accumulated in the auxiliary net; when the fish is fed, the auxiliary net restrains both the fish and the feed in the auxiliary net, so that the feed particles cannot flow out of the net cage, and the waste of the feed particles is effectively avoided; and can also float the feed pellet of the bottom of the auxiliary net automatically, thus make the fish see that the feed pellet floats in the water, willing to chase the feed pellet and eat actively, have guaranteed the feed pellet keeps the clean and sanitary state, the utilization factor of the effective feed that has improved.
The cleaning mechanism can automatically clean gravel in the groove below the net cage, so that the cleaning condition below the position of the net cage is always kept good, the cleanliness of water quality is improved, and fish can grow healthily.
Preferably, the cleaning mechanism comprises 3 transverse shafts arranged in the grooves, rotating blades arranged on each transverse shaft, a power motor arranged in the grooves, a power gear connected with the power motor, a driven gear connected with the power gear and arranged on each transverse shaft; the power gear is connected with each driven gear through a chain, two ends of each groove are respectively connected with an inlet and an outlet of a circulating pipe, the cross section of each circulating pipe is rectangular, a cleaning section is arranged in the middle of each circulating pipe and is a cleaning net cylinder with the rectangular cross section, cleaning gravel is filled in each circulating pipe, a water spray head is arranged on one side of each cleaning net cylinder and is connected with a water pump, and the power motor and the water pump are both connected with a controller.
Preferably, the upper net collecting mechanism and the lower net collecting mechanism both comprise a disc, an annular groove arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the disc, and a flexible shaft arranged in the annular groove, wherein one end of the flexible shaft is connected with the annular groove through a rotating motor, and the other end of the flexible shaft is connected with the annular groove through a bearing; the rotating motor is electrically connected with the controller; the flexible shaft of the upper net retracting mechanism is connected with the upper edge of the auxiliary net through a plurality of ropes arranged at intervals along the flexible shaft, and the flexible shaft of the lower net retracting mechanism is connected with the lower edge of the auxiliary net through a plurality of ropes arranged at intervals along the flexible shaft.
The arrangement of the flexible shaft and the motor facilitates the simultaneous retraction of all parts of the upper edge or the lower edge of the auxiliary net, and improves the winding efficiency.
Preferably, each lower retractor is connected with the lower edge of the auxiliary net through a rope, and the lower retractors are distributed at intervals along the lower edge of the net rack; each upper coiler is connected with the upper edge of the auxiliary net through a rope, and the upper coilers are distributed at intervals along the upper edge of the net rack; the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are all provided with elastic rope rings.
The elastic rope ring is convenient for binding the auxiliary net on the upright post, thereby reducing the space occupied by the auxiliary net in the net cage.
Preferably, the net rack comprises an upper circle, a lower circle and a plurality of vertical connecting rods arranged between the upper circle and the lower circle; the upper part of the upright post is connected with the net rack through a plurality of horizontal connecting rods.
A method for cleaning a high-cleanness aquaculture net cage comprises the following steps:
(6-1) in an initial state, the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are all bound on the upright posts by 3 elastic rope rings;
(6-2) before feeding the fish in the net cage, working personnel control the buzzer to work through the controller to generate noise for driving the fish, and the buzzer is controlled to stop working after the fish leaves the bottom of the main net;
(6-3) controlling the working time T1 of each upper retractor and each lower retractor to enable the lower edge of the auxiliary net to be positioned at the lower edge of the lower net rack and the upper edge of the auxiliary net to be positioned at the upper edge of the net rack; at the moment, the fish in the main net enters the auxiliary net;
(6-4) scattering feed particles into the auxiliary net, wherein the feed particles gradually fall downwards, the feed particles are eaten by fishes in the falling process, other feed particles fall to the bottom of the auxiliary net, and the feed particles cannot be carried away from the auxiliary net by water flow because the mesh size of the auxiliary net is smaller than the size of the feed particles;
(6-5) when the feeding is finished, the controller controls motors of the upper net collecting mechanism and the lower net collecting mechanism to drive the flexible shaft to rotate for T2, the lower edge and the upper edge of the auxiliary net are pulled towards the lower part of the upright post, and the buzzer is controlled to work to generate noise for driving fish, so that the buzzer is controlled to stop working after the fish leaves the auxiliary net; the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are bound on the upright post by 3 elastic rope rings;
(6-6) at intervals T4, the controller controls the cleaning mechanism to cycle the grit in the groove.
Preferably, the cleaning mechanism comprises 3 transverse shafts arranged in the grooves, rotating blades arranged on each transverse shaft, a power motor arranged in the grooves, a power gear connected with the power motor, a driven gear connected with the power gear and arranged on each transverse shaft; the power gear is connected with each driven gear through a chain, two ends of the groove are respectively connected with an inlet and an outlet of a circulating pipe, the cross section of the circulating pipe is rectangular, a cleaning section is arranged in the middle of the circulating pipe and is a cleaning net cylinder with a rectangular cross section, cleaning gravel is filled in the circulating pipe, a water spray head is arranged on one side of the cleaning net cylinder and is connected with a water pump, and the power motor and the water pump are both connected with a controller; the cyclic cleaning process is as follows:
the controller controls the power motor to drive each transverse shaft to rotate, the rotary blade drives the gravel in the groove to move into the circulating pipe, and the clean gravel in the circulating pipe enters the groove;
in the process of moving the gravel, the controller controls the water pump to work to clean the gravel passing through the cleaning net barrel, and excrement, feed and silt of the fish are flushed out of the cleaning net barrel by water; and after the working time of the power motor reaches T5, the controller controls the power motor and the water pump to stop working.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
in the process of feeding the fish, at intervals of T3, the controller controls the telescopic rod of the cylinder to extend upwards to drive the upper net retracting mechanism and the lower net retracting mechanism to move upwards together, so that the tension spring extends, and then controls the telescopic rod of the cylinder to retract rapidly;
the elasticity of extension spring drives and goes up to receive net mechanism, receives net mechanism and supplementary net quick downstream down, drives rivers downstream, produces the reflection after the fixed plate is touch to the rivers, and the buoyancy of the rivers of reflection makes the fodder granule of supplementary net bottom leave supplementary net to upwards float, the fish of being convenient for eat once more, effectively avoids the waste of the fodder granule of supplementary net bottom.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the area below the net cage can be automatically cleaned, thereby ensuring that the surrounding of the net cage is not eutrophicated and improving the water quality; effectively avoids the waste of feed particles, ensures that the feed particles are kept in a clean and sanitary state, and effectively improves the utilization rate of the feed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fixing plate, a vertical column, an upper net retracting mechanism, a lower net retracting mechanism and a tension spring of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the upper wire takeup mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the groove and cleaning mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of one configuration of the cascade plate of the present invention.
In the figure: the net rack comprises a net rack 1, a main net 2, a fixing plate 3, a stand column 4, an upper net retracting mechanism 5, a lower net retracting mechanism 6, a tension spring 7, a cylinder 8, a lower retractor 9, an upper retractor 10, an upper circle 11, a lower circle 12, a vertical connecting rod 13, a horizontal connecting rod 41, a disc 51, an annular groove 52, a flexible shaft 53, a rotating motor 54, a bearing 55, a controller 101, a buzzer 102, a groove 201, a grid plate 202, a cleaning mechanism 204, a fixing seat 2011, a transverse shaft 2041, a rotating blade 2042, a power motor 2043, a power gear 2044, a driven gear 2045, a chain 2046, a circulating pipe 2047, a cleaning section 2048, a water spray head 2049 and a water pump 2050.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 is a high-cleanness aquaculture net cage, which comprises a groove 201 in the soil layer below the net cage, a grid plate 202 arranged on the groove, gravel arranged in the groove, a net frame 1, a main net 2 which is arranged on the net frame and has a cylindrical shape and an opening at the upper end, a fixing plate 3 arranged on the grid plate, a stand column 4 arranged on the fixing plate and penetrating through the bottom surface of the main net, an upper net collecting mechanism 5 and a lower net collecting mechanism 6 arranged on the lower part of the stand column; a tension spring 7 is arranged between the lower net retracting mechanism and the fixed plate, an air cylinder 8 is arranged on the fixed plate, and a telescopic rod of the air cylinder is contacted with the lower net retracting mechanism; the feed net is characterized by further comprising a cylindrical auxiliary net with an upper end opening positioned in the main net, the mesh size of the auxiliary net is smaller than the size of feed particles, the lower edge of the auxiliary net is connected with a lower net retracting mechanism and 4 lower retractors 9 arranged on the lower portion of the net rack respectively, the upper edge of the auxiliary net is connected with an upper net retracting mechanism and 4 upper retractors 10 arranged on the upper portion of the net rack respectively, a buzzer 102 is arranged at the lower end of the net rack, the upper net retracting mechanism and the lower net retracting mechanism are both in sliding connection with the stand column, and the groove is connected with a cleaning mechanism 204. The grid plate comprises a plurality of cross rods and a plurality of longitudinal rods connected with the cross rods, a plurality of rectangular holes are formed, and the excrement and the feed powder of the fish enter the gravel of the groove from the rectangular holes. The groove is connected with the right end of each transverse shaft through a fixing seat 2011 provided with a bearing, and openings connected with the circulating pipe are arranged at the left end and the right end of the groove.
As shown in fig. 6, the cleaning mechanism includes 3 horizontal shafts 2041 disposed in the grooves, a rotating blade 2042 disposed on each horizontal shaft, a power motor 2043 disposed in the grooves, a power gear 2044 connected with the power motor, a driven gear 2045 connected with the power gear and disposed on each horizontal shaft; the power gear is connected with each driven gear through a chain 2046, two ends of each groove are respectively connected with an inlet and an outlet of a circulating pipe 2047, the cross section of each circulating pipe is rectangular, a cleaning section 2048 is arranged in the middle of each circulating pipe, each cleaning section is a cleaning net cylinder with the rectangular cross section, clean gravel is filled in each circulating pipe, a water spray head 2049 is arranged on one side of each cleaning net cylinder, each water spray head is connected with a water pump 2050, and as shown in fig. 5, both the power motor and the water pump are connected with a controller. Chain, power gear and each driven individual gear all install in sealed housing, avoid chain, power gear and each driven individual gear and grit and water contact.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, each of the upper net collecting mechanism and the lower net collecting mechanism comprises a disc 51, an annular groove 52 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the disc, and a flexible shaft 53 arranged in the annular groove, wherein one end of the flexible shaft is connected with the annular groove through a rotating motor 54, and the other end of the flexible shaft is connected with the annular groove through a bearing 55; as shown in fig. 5, the rotating motor is electrically connected to the controller; the flexible shaft of the upper net retracting mechanism is connected with the upper edge of the auxiliary net through 4 ropes arranged at intervals along the flexible shaft, and the flexible shaft of the lower net retracting mechanism is connected with the lower edge of the auxiliary net through 4 ropes arranged at intervals along the flexible shaft.
Each lower retractor is connected with the lower edge of the auxiliary net through a rope, and the lower retractors are distributed at intervals along the lower edge of the net rack; each upper coiler is connected with the upper edge of the auxiliary net through a rope, and the upper coilers are distributed at intervals along the upper edge of the net rack; the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are all provided with elastic rope rings.
As shown in fig. 1, the net rack includes an upper circle 11, a lower circle 12, and a plurality of vertical connecting rods 13 arranged between the upper circle and the lower circle.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper part of the upright post is connected with the net rack through 4 horizontal connecting rods 41.
A method for cleaning a high-cleanness aquaculture net cage comprises the following steps:
(6-1) in an initial state, the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are all bound on the upright posts by 3 elastic rope rings;
(6-2) before feeding the fish in the net cage, working personnel control the buzzer to work through the controller to generate noise for driving the fish, and the buzzer is controlled to stop working after the fish leaves the bottom of the main net;
(6-3) controlling each upper retractor and each lower retractor to work for 5 seconds, so that the lower edge of the auxiliary net is positioned at the lower edge of the lower net rack, and the upper edge of the auxiliary net is positioned at the upper edge of the net rack; at the moment, the fish in the main net enters the auxiliary net;
(6-4) scattering feed particles into the auxiliary net, wherein the feed particles gradually fall downwards, the feed particles are eaten by fishes in the falling process, other feed particles fall to the bottom of the auxiliary net, and the feed cannot be carried away from the auxiliary net by water flow because the mesh size of the auxiliary net is smaller than the size of the feed particles;
(6-5) when the feeding is finished, the controller controls motors of the upper net collecting mechanism and the lower net collecting mechanism to drive the flexible shaft to rotate for 5 seconds, the lower edge and the upper edge of the auxiliary net are pulled towards the lower part of the upright post, and the buzzer is controlled to work to generate noise for driving fish, so that the buzzer is controlled to stop working after the fish leaves the auxiliary net; the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are bound on the upright post by 3 elastic rope rings;
(6-6) every 10 days, the controller controls the cleaning mechanism to circularly clean the gravel in the groove.
The cyclic cleaning process is as follows:
the controller controls the power motor to drive each transverse shaft to rotate, the rotary blade drives the gravel in the groove to move into the circulating pipe, and the clean gravel in the circulating pipe enters the groove;
in the process of moving the gravel, the controller controls the water pump to work to clean the gravel passing through the cleaning net barrel, and excrement, feed and silt of the fish are flushed out of the cleaning net barrel by water; after the working time of the power motor reaches 5 minutes, all the gravels in the groove are moved out of the groove, the groove is replaced with clean gravels, and the power motor and the water pump are controlled by the controller to stop working.
Also comprises the following steps:
in the process of feeding the fish, every 30 seconds, the controller controls the telescopic rod of the air cylinder to extend upwards to drive the upper net retracting mechanism and the lower net retracting mechanism to move upwards together, so that the tension spring extends, and then the telescopic rod of the air cylinder is controlled to retract rapidly;
the elasticity of extension spring drives and goes up to receive net mechanism, receives net mechanism and supplementary net quick downstream down, drives rivers downstream, produces the reflection after the fixed plate is touch to the rivers, and the buoyancy of the rivers of reflection makes the fodder granule of supplementary net bottom leave supplementary net to upwards float, the fish of being convenient for eat once more, effectively avoids the waste of the fodder granule of supplementary net bottom.
It should be understood that this example is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A high-cleanness aquaculture net cage is characterized by comprising a groove (201) arranged in a soil layer below a net cage, a grid plate (202) arranged on the groove, gravel arranged in the groove, a net frame (1), a cylindrical main net (2) arranged on the net frame and provided with an opening at the upper end, a fixed plate (3) arranged on the grid plate, a stand column (4) arranged on the fixed plate and penetrating through the bottom surface of the main net, and an upper net retracting mechanism (5) and a lower net retracting mechanism (6) arranged on the lower part of the stand column; a tension spring (7) is arranged between the lower net retracting mechanism and the fixed plate, an air cylinder (8) is arranged on the fixed plate, and a telescopic rod of the air cylinder is contacted with the lower net retracting mechanism; the feed net is characterized by further comprising an upper end opening cylindrical auxiliary net located in the main net, the mesh size of the auxiliary net is smaller than the size of feed particles, the lower edge of the auxiliary net is connected with a lower net collecting mechanism and a plurality of lower retractors (9) arranged on the lower portion of the net rack respectively, the upper edge of the auxiliary net is connected with an upper net collecting mechanism and a plurality of upper retractors (10) arranged on the upper portion of the net rack respectively, a buzzer (102) is arranged at the lower end of the net rack, the upper net collecting mechanism and the lower net collecting mechanism are both in sliding connection with the stand column, the groove is connected with a cleaning mechanism (204), the cleaning mechanism, the buzzer, the upper net collecting mechanism, the lower net collecting mechanism, the air cylinder, each upper retractor and each lower retractor are both electrically connected.
2. A net cage for aquaculture according to claim 1, wherein said cleaning mechanism comprises 3 lateral shafts (2041) disposed in the grooves, a rotating blade (2042) disposed on each lateral shaft, a power motor (2043) disposed in the grooves, a power gear (2044) connected to the power motor, a driven gear (2045) connected to the power gear, and a driven gear disposed on each lateral shaft; the power gear is connected with each driven gear through a chain (2046), the two ends of each groove are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of a circulating pipe (2047), the cross section of each circulating pipe is rectangular, a cleaning section (2048) is arranged in the middle of each circulating pipe, each cleaning section is a cleaning net barrel with the rectangular cross section, cleaning gravel is filled in each circulating pipe, a water spray head (2049) is arranged on one side of each cleaning net barrel and connected with a water pump (2050), and the power motor and the water pumps are both connected with a controller.
3. The aquaculture net cage with high cleanness according to claim 1, wherein each of the upper net retracting mechanism and the lower net retracting mechanism comprises a disc (51), an annular groove (52) arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the disc, and a flexible shaft (53) arranged in the annular groove, one end of the flexible shaft is connected with the annular groove through a rotating motor (54), and the other end of the flexible shaft is connected with the annular groove through a bearing (55); the rotating motor is electrically connected with the controller; the flexible shaft of the upper net retracting mechanism is connected with the upper edge of the auxiliary net through a plurality of ropes arranged at intervals along the flexible shaft, and the flexible shaft of the lower net retracting mechanism is connected with the lower edge of the auxiliary net through a plurality of ropes arranged at intervals along the flexible shaft.
4. The aquaculture net cage with high cleanness according to claim 3, wherein each lower retractor is connected with the lower edge of the auxiliary net through a rope, and the lower retractors are distributed at intervals along the lower edge of the net rack; each upper coiler is connected with the upper edge of the auxiliary net through a rope, and the upper coilers are distributed at intervals along the upper edge of the net rack; the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are all provided with elastic rope rings.
5. A net cage for aquaculture according to claim 1, wherein the net frame comprises an upper ring (11), a lower ring (12), and a plurality of vertical connecting rods (13) arranged between the upper ring and the lower ring; the upper part of the upright post is connected with the net rack through a plurality of horizontal connecting rods (41).
6. A method for cleaning aquaculture net cages with high cleanness based on claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(6-1) in an initial state, the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are all bound on the upright posts by 3 elastic rope rings;
(6-2) before feeding the fish in the net cage, working personnel control the buzzer to work through the controller to generate noise for driving the fish, and the buzzer is controlled to stop working after the fish leaves the bottom of the main net;
(6-3) controlling the working time T1 of each upper retractor and each lower retractor to enable the lower edge of the auxiliary net to be positioned at the lower edge of the lower net rack and the upper edge of the auxiliary net to be positioned at the upper edge of the net rack; at the moment, the fish in the main net enters the auxiliary net;
(6-4) scattering feed particles into the auxiliary net, wherein the feed particles gradually fall downwards, the feed particles are eaten by fishes in the falling process, other feed particles fall to the bottom of the auxiliary net, and the feed particles cannot be carried away from the auxiliary net by water flow because the mesh size of the auxiliary net is smaller than the size of the feed particles;
(6-5) when the feeding is finished, the controller controls motors of the upper net collecting mechanism and the lower net collecting mechanism to drive the flexible shaft to rotate for T2, the lower edge and the upper edge of the auxiliary net are pulled towards the lower part of the upright post, and the buzzer is controlled to work to generate noise for driving fish, so that the buzzer is controlled to stop working after the fish leaves the auxiliary net; the upper edge, the lower edge and the middle part of the auxiliary net are bound on the upright post by 3 elastic rope rings;
(6-6) at intervals T4, the controller controls the cleaning mechanism to cycle the grit in the groove.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the cleaning mechanism comprises 3 lateral shafts disposed in the trough, a rotating blade disposed on each lateral shaft, a power motor disposed in the trough, a power gear connected to the power motor, a driven gear connected to the power gear, and a driven gear disposed on each lateral shaft; the power gear is connected with each driven gear through a chain, two ends of the groove are respectively connected with an inlet and an outlet of a circulating pipe, the cross section of the circulating pipe is rectangular, a cleaning section is arranged in the middle of the circulating pipe and is a cleaning net cylinder with a rectangular cross section, cleaning gravel is filled in the circulating pipe, a water spray head is arranged on one side of the cleaning net cylinder and is connected with a water pump, and the power motor and the water pump are both connected with a controller; the method is characterized in that the circulating cleaning process is as follows:
the controller controls the power motor to drive each transverse shaft to rotate, the rotary blade drives the gravel in the groove to move into the circulating pipe, and the clean gravel in the circulating pipe enters the groove;
in the process of moving the gravel, the controller controls the water pump to work to clean the gravel passing through the cleaning net barrel, and excrement, feed and silt of the fish are flushed out of the cleaning net barrel by water; and after the working time of the power motor reaches T5, the controller controls the power motor and the water pump to stop working.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
in the process of feeding the fish, at intervals of T3, the controller controls the telescopic rod of the cylinder to extend upwards to drive the upper net retracting mechanism and the lower net retracting mechanism to move upwards together, so that the tension spring extends, and then controls the telescopic rod of the cylinder to retract rapidly;
the elasticity of extension spring drives and goes up to receive net mechanism, receives net mechanism and supplementary net quick downstream down, drives rivers downstream, produces the reflection after the fixed plate is touch to the rivers, and the buoyancy of the rivers of reflection makes the fodder granule of supplementary net bottom leave supplementary net to upwards float, the fish of being convenient for eat once more, effectively avoids the waste of the fodder granule of supplementary net bottom.
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