CN109579994A - Fast illuminated spectrum imaging method and its system based on micro reflector array - Google Patents
Fast illuminated spectrum imaging method and its system based on micro reflector array Download PDFInfo
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- CN109579994A CN109579994A CN201811651539.8A CN201811651539A CN109579994A CN 109579994 A CN109579994 A CN 109579994A CN 201811651539 A CN201811651539 A CN 201811651539A CN 109579994 A CN109579994 A CN 109579994A
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/0836—Catadioptric systems using more than three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0848—Catadioptric systems using more than three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which not all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry, e.g. at least one of the mirrors is warped, tilted or decentered with respect to the other elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/106—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining a plurality of identical beams or images, e.g. image replication
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging method and its system based on micro reflector array.The light issued from the object of infinite point passes through after preposition image-forming objective lens, through be located at its position of focal plane micro reflector array by image cutting be a series of long and narrow rectangle subgraphs, micro reflector array has periodically in spectrum dimension direction, signal period is made of a series of rectangular concave spherical mirror arrays, each concave spherical mirror has the Two Dimensional Rotating angle around space dimension direction and spectrum dimension direction, micro reflector array simultaneously dissipates incident converging beam, collimated mirror collimates divergent beams again, generate pupil array, each corresponding sub-light pupil, corresponding spectroscopic imaging microscope group is arranged in collimating mirror rear, the two-dimensional space information and spectral information of object are obtained in image planes.Spectrum imaging system provided by the invention, which realizes single exposure, can obtain the complete data cube of object, suitable for the monitoring to quick variation and moving target.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectral imaging technology field, in particular to a kind of fast illuminated spectrum based on micro reflector array at
Image space method and its system can be applied to the monitoring field of quick scene change, moving target.
Background technique
Spectral imaging technology combines traditional imaging technique with spectral technique, can obtain the space letter of object simultaneously
Breath and spectral information, the i.e. data cube of object, at present in remote sensing of the earth observation, food safety, military surveillance, medical diagnosis
Equal fields are widely used.
Earth observation equipment spaceborne or airborne at present is widely used that the spectral imaging apparatus of push-broom type.This quasi-instrument
Obtain director space dimension information and spectral information under single exposure, or by satellite platform movement or aircraft along rail
Flight obtains the space dimension information on second direction.The scanning motion of this quasi-instrument itself is to the motion platform locating for it or sweeps
The precision and stability for retouching component has very high requirement, is easy to be influenced by external environment, increases the difficulty of instrument development
Degree.Due to needing to push away and sweep, instrument itself can not obtain complete data cube in single exposure again.This quasi-instrument is for quick
When the spectral information and image of scene change and moving target obtain, the time needed for pushing away inswept journey is difficult to it accurately
Acquisition target image and spectral information.
2009, Tomasz S. Tkaczyk of Biological Engineering College, Rice Univ USA et al. proposed a kind of picture and reflects
Penetrate spectral imaging technology, but the Primary Component that uses of the technology as mapper be made of a series of plane mirror, and
It is required that pre-objective is the system of an image space telecentricity, it is unfavorable for the miniaturization of system bulk.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can accurately obtain quick variation in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, propose a kind of movement-less part
The fast illuminated spectrum imaging method and its system of the image information and spectral information of scene or moving target.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that providing a kind of based on the fast of micro reflector array
Illuminated spectrum imaging method, includes the following steps:
(1) image-forming objective lens are set before menstruation from the light that the object of infinite point issues to reach on its back focal plane；
(2) micro reflector array is set in the focal plane of preposition image-forming objective lens, the micro reflector array is in spectrum dimension side
To having periodically, signal period forms array by several sub- reflecting mirrors, and sub- reflecting mirror is rectangular-shaped concave spherical mirror,
A length of 10~the 30mm of concave spherical mirror, width are 60 μm~160 μm；Each concave spherical mirror has around space dimension direction and spectrum
The Two Dimensional Rotating angle for tieing up direction, the rotation angle around space dimension direction are -10 °~10 °, the rotation angle around spectrum dimension direction
It is -10 °~10 °, the Two Dimensional Rotating angle of each concave spherical mirror is different in signal period, corresponding recessed ball in different cycles
The Two Dimensional Rotating angle of face reflecting mirror is identical；It is a series of long and narrow rectangle subgraphs that micro reflector array, which will obtain image cutting,
Picture, while incident converging beam being dissipated；
(3) pupil array is generated after the collimated mirror collimation of divergent beams；
(4) each corresponding sub-light pupil is arranged corresponding beam splitter array at collimating mirror rear, light beam dispersion generates not
The light beam of co-wavelength；
(5) light beam after dispersion is imaged in the two-dimensional space information and spectrum letter as in plane, obtaining object by imaging lens array
Breath.
Technical solution of the present invention further includes providing a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array, it is wrapped
It includes preposition image-forming objective lens, micro reflector array, collimating mirror, beam splitter array, lens array be imaged and as plane；Described is micro- anti-
Penetrate lens array has periodically in spectrum dimension direction, and signal period forms array by several sub- reflecting mirrors, and sub- reflecting mirror is square
The concave spherical mirror of shape, a length of 10~30mm of concave spherical mirror, width are 60 μm~160 μm；Each concave spherical mirror tool
There is the Two Dimensional Rotating angle around space dimension direction and spectrum dimension direction, the rotation angle around space dimension direction is -10 °~10 °, around
The rotation angle that spectrum ties up direction is -10 °~10 °, and the Two Dimensional Rotating angle of each concave spherical mirror is different in signal period, no
It is identical with the Two Dimensional Rotating angle of concave spherical mirror corresponding in the period；The pre-objective of the spectrum imaging system goes out
Pupil is located at the focal point of its microscope group rear concave spherical mirror, after incident ray passes through preposition image-forming objective lens, through micro-reflector battle array
Image cutting is a series of long and narrow rectangle subgraphs, and simultaneously dissipates incident converging beam that collimating mirror will be sent out by column
Spreading beam collimation, then through beam splitter array by the light beam of light beam dispersion generation different wave length, it will be after dispersion by imaging lens array
Light beam image in as plane.
In technical solution of the present invention, pre-objective can be transmissive system or reflecting system；Collimating mirror is also possible to transmit
System or reflecting system.
The beam splitter array is by consistent point of quantity and array arrangement with micro reflector array neutron-reflecting mirror
Optical element composition, beam splitter are prism or grating；The imaging lens array by with micro reflector array neutron-reflecting mirror
Quantity and the consistent imaging lens composition of array arrangement.
In the signal period of micro reflector array, the sub- number of mirrors for forming array is 16~100；Micro-reflector battle array
Sub- number of mirrors in column is 32~300.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1. technical solution provided by the invention can obtain the Full cube of object under single exposure, it is suitable for quickly variation
In the monitoring of scene or moving object.
2. spectrum imaging system movement-less part avoids influence of the extraneous factor variation to internal system element.
3. the spatial information and spectral information of object can be directly obtained in spectrum imaging system image planes, without using algorithm into
The secondary clearing of row.
4. compared with the picture mapping spectral imaging technology that the prior art proposes, cutting used by technology proposed by the present invention
Unit is the element with focal power, and pre-objective is a non-telecentric system, above advantageously reduces the volume of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the fast illuminated spectrum imaging system optical path provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on micro reflector array
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of preposition imaging lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of micro reflector array provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of collimating mirror provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Pupil array schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention when Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is the modulation transmitting of the fast illuminated spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on micro reflector array
Function curve diagram.
The point range figure of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on micro reflector array when Fig. 8.
In figure, 1. preposition image-forming objective lens, the biconvex lens in the preposition imaging lens of 1-1., in the preposition imaging lens of 1-2. just
Meniscus lens；2. micro reflector array；3. collimating mirror, first piece of 3-1. is biconcave lens, second piece of biconvex lens of 3-2., 3-3.
Third block positive meniscus shaped lens, the 4th piece of biconvex lens of 3-4., the 5th piece of diverging meniscus lens of 3-5., the 6th piece of concave-concave of 3-6. are saturating
Mirror, the 7th piece of biconvex lens of 3-7., the 8th piece of positive meniscus lens of 3-8.；4. pupil array, the sub- pupil of 4-1.；5. beam splitter battle array
Column, 5-1. beam splitter；6. lens array, 6-1. imaging lens are imaged；7. as plane.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, fast illuminated spectrum imaging system major parameter is as follows:
Spectral region: 450~650nm；
Visual field: 2.38 ° × 1.65 °；
Spectral resolution: 20nm；
Focal length: 80mm；
Detector pixel: 13.5um × 13.5um.
Referring to attached Fig. 1 and 2, they are the fast illuminated spectrum imaging system light provided by the invention based on micro reflector array
Lu Tu；Spectrum imaging system includes preposition image-forming objective lens 1, micro reflector array 2, collimating mirror 3, pupil array 4, beam splitter battle array
Lens array 6 is imaged and as plane 7 in column 5.In beam splitter array 5, including several beam splitters 5-1, be Amici Prism or
Grating；It is imaged in lens array 6, including several imaging lens 6-1, is cemented doublet, including several imaging lens 6-1.
The light issued from the object of infinite point is reached on its back focal plane by preposition image-forming objective lens 1；Positioned at position of focal plane
Micro reflector array 2 by image cutting be a series of long and narrow rectangle subgraphs, while incident converging beam being become
Divergent beams；Collimating mirror 3 collimates divergent beams, and pupil array 4 is produced on focal plane；Amici Prism 5-1 is by light beam
Dispersion generates the light beam of different wave length, and the light beam after dispersion is imaged to as plane 7 imaging lens 6-1, realizes light spectrum image-forming.
It is the structural schematic diagram of preposition imaging lens provided in this embodiment referring to attached drawing 3；Preposition imaging lens 1 are transmission system
System, is made of, wherein first is biconvex lens 1-1, second is positive meniscus lens 1-2 1 piece of cemented doublet.Preposition imaging
Mirror can also be reflecting system.
Micro reflector array 2 has periodically in spectrum dimension direction, and signal period forms array by a series of sub- reflecting mirrors,
Sub- reflecting mirror is rectangular concave spherical mirror, can form array by 16~100 concave spherical mirrors；Concave spherical surface reflection
A length of 10~the 30mm of mirror, width are 60 μm~160 μm；Concave spherical mirror has the two dimension around space dimension direction and spectrum dimension direction
Angle is rotated, the rotation angle around space dimension direction is -10 °~10 °, and the rotation angle around spectrum dimension direction is -10 °~10 °,
The Two Dimensional Rotating angle of each concave spherical mirror is different in signal period, and corresponding concave spherical mirror has in different cycles
Identical Two Dimensional Rotating angle.The imaging lens 6-1 in beam splitter 5-1 and imaging lens array 6 in beam splitter array 5, with
The quantity and array arrangement of micro reflector array neutron-reflecting mirror are corresponding consistent.Micro reflector array 2 may include concave spherical surface reflection
Mirror quantity is 32~300.
It is micro reflector array schematic diagram provided in this embodiment referring to attached drawing 4, included 2 week in micro reflector array
Phase, signal period is interior to be equipped with 16 pieces (4 × 4 array) concave spherical mirrors different with Two Dimensional Rotating angle.
It is collimating mirror structural schematic diagram provided in this embodiment referring to attached drawing 5；Collimating mirror 3 shares 8 pieces of spherical lens groups
At first piece is biconcave lens 3-1, second piece of biconvex lens 3-2, third block positive meniscus shaped lens 3-3, the 4th piece of biconvex lens
3-4, the 5th piece of diverging meniscus lens 3-5, the 6th piece of biconcave lens 3-6, the 7th piece of biconvex lens 3-7, the 8th piece of positive meniscus lens
3-8。
Referring to attached drawing 6, it is the pupil array of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system, shares 16 corresponding to concave spherical mirror
Sub- pupil 4-1 is in 4 × 4 arrays.
Spectrum imaging system provided by the invention, since the emergent pupil of pre-objective 1 is located at the concave spherical surface reflection at microscope group rear
Pre-objective emergent pupil is imaged onto infinity as field lens by the focal point of mirror, therefore, micro- reflective array 2, collimating mirror 3 to emergent pupil at
On picture to its back focal plane, since the Two Dimensional Rotating angle of each concave spherical mirror on micro reflector array 2 is different, reflecting mirror is to light
The reflection direction of line is different, produces pupil array 4 after final collimated mirror 3 on focal plane, then through beam splitter array 5 and at
As lens array 6, imaging realizes light spectrum image-forming to as plane 7.
Its imaging method are as follows: the light issued from the object of infinite point is reached thereafter by preposition image-forming objective lens 1
On focal plane；Positioned at position of focal plane micro reflector array 2 by image cutting be a series of long and narrow rectangle subgraphs, simultaneously
Incident converging beam is dissipated；Collimating mirror 3 collimates divergent beams, and light beam dispersion is generated different wave length by beam splitter 5-1
Light beam, the light beam after dispersion is imaged to as plane 7 imaging lens 6-1, obtains the two-dimensional space information and spectral information of object.
Referring to attached drawing 7, it is the modulation function transfer curve figure of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system provided in this embodiment,
Nyquist is commented at rate 37.04lp/mm, and each visual field passes letter close to diffraction limit, and minimum is higher than 0.3, and image quality is good.
Referring to attached drawing 8, it is the point range figure of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system provided in this embodiment.It can from figure
Out, under each visual field, the point range figure of system is located within Airy, system imaging within single detector pixel
Quality is good.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging method based on micro reflector array, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) image-forming objective lens are set before menstruation from the light that the object of infinite point issues to reach on its back focal plane；
(2) micro reflector array is set in the focal plane of preposition image-forming objective lens, the micro reflector array is in spectrum dimension side
To having periodically, signal period forms array by several sub- reflecting mirrors, and sub- reflecting mirror is rectangular-shaped concave spherical mirror,
A length of 10~the 30mm of concave spherical mirror, width are 60 μm~160 μm；Each concave spherical mirror has around space dimension direction and spectrum
The Two Dimensional Rotating angle for tieing up direction, the rotation angle around space dimension direction are -10 °~10 °, the rotation angle around spectrum dimension direction
It is -10 °~10 °, the Two Dimensional Rotating angle of each concave spherical mirror is different in signal period, corresponding recessed ball in different cycles
The Two Dimensional Rotating angle of face reflecting mirror is identical；It is a series of long and narrow rectangle subgraphs that micro reflector array, which will obtain image cutting,
Picture, while incident converging beam being dissipated；
(3) pupil array is generated after the collimated mirror collimation of divergent beams；
(4) each corresponding sub-light pupil is arranged corresponding beam splitter array for light beam dispersion at collimating mirror rear, generates different
The light beam of wavelength；
(5) light beam after dispersion is imaged in the two-dimensional space information and spectrum letter as in plane, obtaining object by imaging lens array
Breath.
2. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array, it is characterised in that: it includes preposition image-forming objective lens
(1), micro reflector array (2), collimating mirror (3), beam splitter array (5), imaging lens array (6) and as plane (7)；Described
Micro reflector array (2) has periodically in spectrum dimension direction, and signal period forms array, sub- reflection by several sub- reflecting mirrors
Mirror is rectangular-shaped concave spherical mirror, and a length of 10~30mm of concave spherical mirror, width is 60 μm~160 μm；Each concave spherical surface is anti-
Penetrate mirror have around space dimension direction and spectrum dimension direction Two Dimensional Rotating angle, around space dimension direction rotation angle be -10 °~
10 °, the rotation angle around spectrum dimension direction is -10 °~10 °, the Two Dimensional Rotating angle of each concave spherical mirror in signal period
Difference, the Two Dimensional Rotating angle of corresponding concave spherical mirror is identical in different cycles；The spectrum imaging system it is preposition
The emergent pupil of object lens (1) is located at the focal point of its microscope group rear concave spherical mirror, and incident ray passes through preposition image-forming objective lens (1)
It afterwards, is a series of long and narrow rectangle subgraphs by image cutting through micro reflector array (2), and simultaneously by incident converged light
Misconvergence of beams, collimating mirror (3) collimate divergent beams, then light beam dispersion is generated to the light of different wave length through beam splitter array (5)
Beam is imaged in the light beam after dispersion as plane (7) by imaging lens array (6).
3. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Pre-objective (1) is transmissive system or reflecting system.
4. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Collimating mirror (3) is transmissive system or reflecting system.
5. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The beam splitter array (5) is by the quantity and the consistent light splitting of array arrangement with micro reflector array (2) neutron-reflecting mirror
Element (5-1) composition, beam splitter (5-1) are prism or grating.
6. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The imaging lens array (6) is by the quantity and the consistent imaging lens of array arrangement with micro reflector array (2) neutron-reflecting mirror
(6-1) composition.
7. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
In the signal period of micro reflector array (2), the sub- number of mirrors for forming array is 16~100.
8. a kind of fast illuminated spectrum imaging system based on micro reflector array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Sub- number of mirrors in micro reflector array (2) is 32~300.
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| CN112180579A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-05 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Microscopic imaging assembly, device and system adopting array type objective lens and imaging method |
| CN112747825A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Snapshot type imaging spectrometer based on lens array and spherical stepped array reflector |
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| US12025497B2 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2024-07-02 | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School | High-resolution spectral image fast acquisition apparatus and method |
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| US12025497B2 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2024-07-02 | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School | High-resolution spectral image fast acquisition apparatus and method |
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| CN112180579B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-11-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Microscopic imaging assembly, device and system adopting array type objective lens and imaging method |
| CN112747825A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Snapshot type imaging spectrometer based on lens array and spherical stepped array reflector |
| CN112747825B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-10-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Snapshot type imaging spectrometer based on lens array and spherical stepped array reflector |
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