CN109578060A - Coal bed gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology - Google Patents

Coal bed gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109578060A
CN109578060A CN201910104554.9A CN201910104554A CN109578060A CN 109578060 A CN109578060 A CN 109578060A CN 201910104554 A CN201910104554 A CN 201910104554A CN 109578060 A CN109578060 A CN 109578060A
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China
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drilling
reflection
shock wave
bed gas
gas extraction
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CN201910104554.9A
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CN109578060B (en
Inventor
张永民
汤俊萍
王平
赵有志
姚伟博
刘美娟
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Shanxi Huajin Jining Coal Industry Co ltd
Xi'an Shanguang Energy Technology Co ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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Xi'an Flash Energy Technology Co Ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN201910104554.9A priority Critical patent/CN109578060B/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B28/00Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of coal bed gas extraction methods, and in particular to a kind of coal bed gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology.To solve the technical issues of at high cost, antireflective effect is poor and safety control is short of present in existing coal bed gas extraction, the present invention provides a kind of coal bed gas extraction methods based on controllable shock wave technology, comprising the following steps: 1) exploits tunnel;2) it applies and bores anti-reflection drilling, 2.1) it helps to apply in the coal mining perpendicular to air return way and/or track crossheading and bores several anti-reflection drillings;3) controllable shock wave is installed and generates equipment;4) the anti-reflection operation of shock wave is carried out.The present invention is based on controllable shock wave technologies to carry out coal bed gas extraction, antireflective effect is good, greatly reduces the drilling number of fully-mechanized mining working and shortens the extraction time, effectively reduce cost and improve extraction efficiency, and safety control is preferably, has broad application prospects.

Description

Coal bed gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal bed gas extraction methods, and in particular to a kind of coal seam watt based on controllable shock wave technology This pumping method.
Background technique
Currently, conventional main pattern is " three presbyopia " structure, as shown in Figure 1, adopting in coal mine gas extraction The conventional drilling 01 of brill is applied with this pattern, pitch of holes is 1.5~2m, and hole depth is 100~150m, the rail of fully-mechanized mining working The conventional drilling 800~1000 of arrangement is generally required in road crossheading and air return way, drilling number is excessive, and cause cost excessively high, And gas drainage efficiency is relatively low.
In order to improve extraction efficiency, while drilling number is reduced, coal seam is anti-reflection, and technology has gradually been applied to fire damp In extraction.The anti-reflection technology in coal seam mostly uses the anti-reflection technology of deep hole presplitting standing, carbon dioxide at present and waterpowerization is anti-reflection arranges It applies.
Wherein, for deep hole presplitting standing and the anti-reflection technology of carbon dioxide, due in blast mechanism and security control Etc. serious lag, although having formd standard operation regulation at present, but still be easy to cause safety accident;For Measure that waterpowerization is anti-reflection, although it is preferable to the antireflective effect of weak seam, since weak seam Completion of Drilling Hole rate is low and increases Saturating depth < 200m, and safety control shortcoming problem is equally existed, the characteristic of the anti-reflection measure of waterpowerization is thin along stress in addition Weak area's vee crack, thus uniform antireflective effect in hole cannot be reached.
Summary of the invention
To solve, at high cost, antireflective effect present in existing coal bed gas extraction is poor and the skill of safety control shortcoming Art problem, the present invention provides a kind of coal bed gas extraction methods based on controllable shock wave technology.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of coal bed gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology, is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
1) tunnel is exploited
Tunnel is exploited on fully-mechanized mining working, the tunnel includes air return way, track crossheading and working face open-off cut eye;
2) it applies and bores anti-reflection drilling
2.1) it helps to apply in the coal mining perpendicular to air return way and/or track crossheading and bores several anti-reflection drillings;
2.2) when only air return way or track crossheading coal mining help apply bore anti-reflection drilling when, ipsilateral adjacent anti-reflection drilling 30~60m of spacing, the interior bottom of anti-reflection drilling is in the axial direction apart from 35~40m of its opposite tunnel;
When the coal mining in air return way and track crossheading, which is helped, applies the anti-reflection drilling of brill, the ipsilateral adjacent anti-reflection spacing of wells 30~60m, bottom is in the axial direction at a distance of 10~20m in the anti-reflection drilling adjacent with its heteropleural of the interior bottom of anti-reflection drilling;
3) controllable shock wave is installed and generates equipment
Controllable shock wave is installed in the drilling rod front end of drilling machine and generates equipment;
4) the anti-reflection operation of shock wave is carried out
It is controllable to impact during the controllable shock wave generation equipment is gradually backed out anti-reflection drilling under the control of drilling machine Wave generates equipment and successively carries out the anti-reflection operation of shock wave to different work point in anti-reflection drilling, the last one setting is apart from anti-reflection 35~40m of drilling orifice.
Further, it in order to improve gas drainage efficiency, in two anti-reflection drilling intermediate arrangement one conventional drillings, reduces The gas porous flow time, so that the gas drainage in quick two anti-reflection drill center regions, shortens coal mine gas drainage reaching standard time, Between step 1) and step 2) further include:
Step 1-2) apply the conventional drilling of brill
It is helped respectively in the coal mining perpendicular to air return way and/or track crossheading and applies the conventional drilling of brill, the conventional drilling Positioned at the middle position of two neighboring anti-reflection drilling.Conventional drilling applies brill prior to anti-reflection drilling, can apply to avoid conventional drilling The mud generated when brill has blocked the crack formed when anti-reflection operation in anti-reflection drilling, and antireflective effect is good.
Further, for the gas inside abundant extraction fully-mechanized mining working, in step 3.1), in the air return way And/or to help the ipsilateral anti-reflection spacing of wells identical for the coal mining of track crossheading.
Further, in step 2.1), the anti-reflection drilling uses " three presbyopia " structure.
Further, in order not in fully-mechanized mining working there are extraction blind area, in step 2.1), when in air return way and rail The coal mining of road crossheading help apply bore anti-reflection drilling when, the axis for drilling that two sides are anti-reflection is interlaced.
Further, in step 2.2), when only air return way or track crossheading coal mining help apply bore anti-reflection drilling when, The hole depth of the anti-reflection drilling is less than 200m.
It is described anti-reflection when the coal mining in air return way and track crossheading, which is helped, applies the anti-reflection drilling of brill in step 2.2) The hole depth of drilling is less than 100m.
Further, in step 2.2), when only air return way or track crossheading coal mining help apply bore anti-reflection drilling when, The interior bottom of anti-reflection drilling is in the axial direction apart from 38~40m of its opposite tunnel.
Further, in step 2.2), when the coal mining in air return way and track crossheading, which is helped, applies the anti-reflection drilling of brill, The interior bottom of anti-reflection drilling 15~30m of bottom in the adjacent anti-reflection drilling of its heteropleural radially.
Further, for the ease of controllable shock wave generate equipment enter hole, step 1-2) in, it is described it is anti-reflection drilling with it is described Conventional drilling is apart from roadway floor 1.5-1.8m.
The present invention has the advantage that as follows compared with prior art:
1, the present invention carries out the anti-reflection operation in coal seam due to using controllable shock wave technology, so that anti-reflection drilling is compared to normal Effective anti-reflection radius of rule drilling significantly increases, and the potentiality of effective anti-reflection radius can be sufficiently excavated, by adjacent anti-reflection drilling Spacing is set as 30m or more.This cloth hole scheme greatly reduces the hole number of fully-mechanized mining working compared to existing conventional scheme Mesh effectively reduces cost, improves speed of application, saves the time, has broad application prospects.
2, since the definition of controllable shock wave is amplitude and momentum is controllable and the zone of action is controllable and repeat function number Controllably.Therefore, it is controlled by intensity to controllable shock wave and region, hole can be made to connect under conditions of not destroying drilling Logical, extension and extension, form a cubic network being interweaved, thus achieve the purpose that improve drainage from coal seam efficiency, it is anti-reflection Effect is good, simultaneously because the energy of shock wave release is much smaller than the energy discharged in the anti-reflection technology of carbon dioxide, therefore using can It controls shock wave technology and carries out the anti-reflection operation in coal seam, safety control is preferable.
3, when coal mine coal seam is not hard enough, drilling difficulty and antireflective effect are comprehensively considered, using the coal in fully-mechanized mining working The mode for boring anti-reflection drilling is applied in body two sides respectively, i.e. side upper coal body under air return way pulls out of hole, and the other side is from track crossheading Upper upper coal body pulls out of hole, and not only increases speed of application in this way, saves the time, and being capable of more efficiently anti-reflection whole coal Layer guarantees that drilling is straight, enables shock wave to generate equipment and is deep into the anti-reflection operation that anti-reflection foot of hole implements complete opening section.
4, the last one setting apart from aperture at least 35m prevents gas to guarantee that gas density is appropriate in anti-reflection drilling Leakage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the conventional borehole pattern of fully-mechanized mining working in existing conventional scheme;
Fig. 2 is the borehole pattern of the present invention program one;
Fig. 3 is the borehole pattern of the present invention program two;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention program one, scheme two and the expense investment and time investment of gas drainage in conventional scheme compare Figure;
Fig. 5 is the borehole pattern of the present invention program three;
Fig. 6 is the borehole pattern of the present invention program four;
Description of symbols:
In the prior art:
01- routinely drills;
In the present invention:
1- fully-mechanized mining working;2- air return way;3- track crossheading;4- working face open-off cut eye;The controllable shock wave of 5- generates equipment; Drilling that 6- is anti-reflection;7- routinely drills.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present invention is based on controllable shock wave technologies to carry out coal bed gas extraction, and controllable shock wave generates equipment 5 in drilling machine During being gradually backed out anti-reflection drilling 6 under control, controllable shock wave generate equipment 5 to different work point in anti-reflection drilling 6 according to The anti-reflection operation of secondary progress shock wave, the definition of controllable shock wave is amplitude and momentum is controllable and the zone of action is controllable and repeats It is controllable to act on number.By the control to controllable shock strength and region, hole can be made to connect under conditions of not destroying drilling Logical, extension and extension, form a cubic network being interweaved, to achieve the purpose that improve drainage from coal seam efficiency.It is this Compared to the gas drainage of existing conventional scheme, anti-reflection radius significantly increases method, advantageously reduces the drilling of fully-mechanized mining working 1 Number reduces cost.Meanwhile in two 6 intermediate arrangement of anti-reflection drilling one conventional drillings 7, gas porous flow can be accelerated.
Coal bed gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology of the invention, comprising the following steps:
1) tunnel is exploited
Tunnel is exploited on fully-mechanized mining working 1, the tunnel includes air return way 2, track crossheading 3 and working face open-off cut eye 4;
1-2) apply the conventional drilling 7 of brill
It is helped respectively in the coal mining perpendicular to air return way 2 and/or track crossheading 3 and applies the conventional drilling 7 of brill;
2) it applies and bores anti-reflection drilling 6
2.1) it helps to apply in the coal mining perpendicular to air return way 2 and/or track crossheading 3 and bores several anti-reflection drillings (6);
2.2) when only air return way 2 or track crossheading 3 coal mining help apply bore it is anti-reflection drilling 6 when, it is ipsilateral adjacent anti-reflection Drill 6 30~60m of spacing, and the interior bottom of anti-reflection drilling 6 is in the axial direction apart from 35~40m of its opposite tunnel;
When the coal mining in air return way 2 and track crossheading 3 help apply bore it is anti-reflection drilling 6 when, it is ipsilateral it is adjacent it is anti-reflection drilling 6 Spacing 30~60m, bottom apart 10~20m in the axial direction in the anti-reflection drilling 6 adjacent with its heteropleural of the interior bottom of anti-reflection drilling 6;
The conventional drilling 7 is located at the middle position of two neighboring anti-reflection drilling 6;
3) controllable shock wave is installed and generates equipment 5
Controllable shock wave is installed in the drilling rod front end of drilling machine and generates equipment 5;
4) the anti-reflection operation of shock wave is carried out
It is controllable to rush during the controllable shock wave generation equipment 5 is gradually backed out anti-reflection drilling 6 under the control of drilling machine It hits wave generation equipment 5 and the anti-reflection operation of shock wave is successively carried out to different work point in anti-reflection drilling 6, the last one setting distance 6 35~40m of aperture of anti-reflection drilling.
Extraction can be accelerated by comprehensively considering anti-reflection radius and the conventional drilling 7 of arrangement, in specific example of the invention, there is increasing Individually construction and anti-reflection drilling 6 with conventional drill 7 replace two kinds of work patterns of constructing for drilling 6 thoroughly, it is therefore proposed that " economical " and " quick type up to standard " two kinds of cloth hole schemes.
Scheme one: " economical " unilateral drilling arrangement
As shown in Fig. 2, sufficiently excavating the potentiality of effectively anti-reflection radius, helped in the coal mining of air return way 2 or track crossheading 3 On uniformly apply bore it is anti-reflection drilling 6,6 spacing of adjacent anti-reflection drilling be 40m, hole depth 200m.
Scheme two: " quick type up to standard " unilateral drilling arrangement
As shown in figure 3, arranging a conventional brill in every two 6 middle positions of anti-reflection drilling on the basis of scheme one Hole 7, hole depth 200m, conventional drilling apply brill prior to anti-reflection drilling 6.
In order to analyze economy and Saving in time costs of the both the above scheme in gas control, come by a standard working face in terms of The economic input of gas control and time investment under scheme one, scheme two and conventional scheme are listed in point counting analysis respectively.
Standard parameters of mining face: can adopt and move towards a length of 1000m, and inclination width is 200m, and coal seam thickness 6.05m, coal seam holds Weight is 1.42t/m3
Drilling construction expense is 66.8 yuan/m, sealing material and even Porous materials (i.e. envelope even Porous materials) expense be 5471 yuan/ Hole, controllable shock wave operating cost are 165000 yuan/hole.
The expense investment of gas drainage and time put into contrast table in 1. scheme one of table, scheme two and conventional scheme
From in the comparing result of table 1 and Fig. 4 it can be seen that
One, scheme one and scheme two are fewer than conventional scheme drilling number, and project amount is greatly saved.
Two, scheme one and the corresponding controllable shock wave operation of scheme two be can be seen that from the expense aggregate result of each scheme Mode, not only without increasing capital investment, has saved the expense of 14%-22% compared to conventional scheme instead.It is distributed from funds From the point of view of, controllable shock wave operation mode is largely the Cost transfer of the conventional drilling 7 of construction has arrived controllable punching under conventional scheme It hits above wave operation.
Three, from the time aggregate result of each scheme can be seen that conventional scheme since first drilling construction to the end One drilling control area realizes that extraction is up to standard, needs 311 days altogether, and scheme one needs 134 days, and scheme two only needs 121 days, side The extraction time is shortened 57% and 61% respectively by case one and scheme two.
It can be seen that controllable shock wave permeability-increasing gas pumping method possesses good direct economic benefit;When using anti-reflection When drilling 6 and conventional drilling 7 are alternately arranged mode, good direct economic benefit and Saving in time costs can be possessed simultaneously.
In addition, causing the anti-reflection drilling 6 for implementing 200m to be not easy when the coal seam for coal mine of constructing is not hard enough, comprehensively considering brill Hole difficulty and antireflective effect can divide in specific example of the invention using in the coal seam upper of 1 two sides of fully-mechanized mining working The mode not drilled, in this way can more effectively anti-reflection whole coal seam, guarantee that drilling is straight, shock wave enabled to generate equipment It is deep into the anti-reflection operation that foot of hole implements complete opening section.
Scheme three: " economical " bilateral drilling arrangement
As shown in figure 5, air return way 2 and track crossheading 3 coal mining help uniformly apply bore anti-reflection drilling 6, hole depth 100m, 6 spacing of adjacent anti-reflection drilling are 40m, while the axis of the anti-reflection drilling 6 in coal seam two sides is interlaced.
Scheme four: " quick type up to standard " bilateral drilling arrangement
As shown in fig. 6, arranging a routine in the middle position of the anti-reflection drilling 6 of every two on the basis of scheme three Drill 7, hole depth 100m, and conventional drilling 7 applies brill prior to anti-reflection drilling 6.
There is certain advantage and disadvantage, therefore the technical parameter being applicable in respectively in each scheme of investigation in above-mentioned four kinds of operation schemes After economic input, drilling and shock wave operation are carried out further according to specific requirements, is conducive to improve operating efficiency, reduces economic throw Enter and shorten reaching standard time, meets engine request.
The controllable punching recorded in the patent document that above-mentioned controllable shock wave generates equipment 5 and publication No. is CN107956505A Hit wave generate device structure it is identical, specific structure is detailed in the patent specification specific embodiment part.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations, for For the those of ordinary skill of this field, it can modify to specific technical solution documented by foregoing embodiments, Or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features, and these are modified or replaceed, and do not make the sheet of corresponding technical solution Matter is detached from the range of institute's protection technique scheme of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of coal bed gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology, which comprises the following steps:
1) tunnel is exploited
Tunnel is exploited on fully-mechanized mining working (1), the tunnel includes air return way (2), track crossheading (3) and working face open-off cut eye (4);
2) it applies and bores anti-reflection drilling (6)
2.1) it helps to apply in the coal mining perpendicular to air return way (2) and/or track crossheading (3) and bores several anti-reflection drillings (6);
2.2) when only air return way (2) or track crossheading (3) coal mining help apply bore anti-reflection drilling (6) when, ipsilateral adjacent increasing Drilling (6) 30~60m of spacing thoroughly, the interior bottom of anti-reflection drilling (6) is in the axial direction apart from 35~40m of its opposite tunnel;
When the coal mining in air return way (2) and track crossheading (3), which is helped, applies the anti-reflection drilling (6) of brill, ipsilateral adjacent anti-reflection brill Hole (6) 30~60m of spacing, interior bottom anti-reflection drilling (6) interior bottom adjacent with its heteropleural of anti-reflection drilling (6) is in the axial direction apart 10~20m;
3) controllable shock wave is installed and generates equipment (5)
Controllable shock wave is installed in the drilling rod front end of drilling machine and generates equipment (5);
4) the anti-reflection operation of shock wave is carried out
It is controllable to rush during controllable shock wave generation equipment (5) is gradually backed out anti-reflection drilling (6) under the control of drilling machine It hits wave generation equipment (5) and the anti-reflection operation of shock wave, the last one setting is successively carried out to the anti-reflection interior different work point of drilling (6) Apart from anti-reflection drilling (6) 35~40m of aperture.
2. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 1 based on controllable shock wave technology, which is characterized in that step 1) between step 2) further include:
Step 1-2) apply the conventional drilling (7) of brill
It is helped respectively in the coal mining perpendicular to air return way (2) and/or track crossheading (3) and applies the conventional drilling (7) of brill, the routine Drilling (7) is located at the middle position of two neighboring anti-reflection drilling (6).
3. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 1 or 2 based on controllable shock wave technology, it is characterised in that: In step 3.1), ipsilateral anti-reflection drilling (6) spacing phase is helped in the coal mining of the air return way (2) and/or track crossheading (3) Together.
4. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 3 based on controllable shock wave technology, it is characterised in that: step 2.1) in, the anti-reflection drilling (6) uses " three presbyopia " structure.
5. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 3 based on controllable shock wave technology, it is characterised in that: step 2.1) in, when the coal mining in air return way (2) and track crossheading (3), which is helped, applies the anti-reflection drilling (6) of brill, drilling that two sides are anti-reflection (6) axis is interlaced.
6. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 1 based on controllable shock wave technology, it is characterised in that:
In step 2.2), when only air return way (2) or track crossheading (3) coal mining help apply bore anti-reflection drilling (6) when, it is described The hole depth of anti-reflection drilling (6) is less than 200m.
It is described when the coal mining in air return way (2) and track crossheading (3), which is helped, applies the anti-reflection drilling (6) of brill in step 2.2) The hole depth of anti-reflection drilling (6) is less than 100m.
7. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 6 based on controllable shock wave technology, it is characterised in that: step 2.2) in, when only air return way (2) or track crossheading (3) coal mining help apply bore anti-reflection drilling (6) when, anti-reflection drilling (6) Interior bottom in the axial direction apart from 38~40m of its opposite tunnel.
8. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 7 based on controllable shock wave technology, it is characterised in that: step 2.2) in, when the coal mining in air return way (2) and track crossheading (3), which is helped, applies the anti-reflection drilling (6) of brill, anti-reflection drilling (6) Interior bottom radially apart from the interior 15~30m of bottom of the adjacent anti-reflection drilling (6) of its heteropleural.
9. the coal bed gas extraction method according to claim 2 based on controllable shock wave technology, it is characterised in that: step In 1-2), the anti-reflection drilling (6) and the conventional drilling (7) are apart from roadway floor 1.5-1.8m.
CN201910104554.9A 2019-02-01 Coal seam gas extraction method based on controllable shock wave technology Active CN109578060B (en)

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CN110513066A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-11-29 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 Coal bed gas straight well method for increasing
CN112709575A (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-27 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 Hard thick coal seam top coal caving method based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting
CN112709574A (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-27 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 Outburst elimination method for outburst coal seam based on controllable shock wave permeability increase
CN112709595A (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-27 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 Directional shock wave generation device and soft coal seam gas extraction method based on same
CN110656972A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-07 郑州慧矿智能科技有限公司 Coal roadway stripe coal seam gas extraction method based on controllable shock waves
CN111237013A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-05 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 Drainage method and device
CN111237013B (en) * 2020-03-13 2022-03-22 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 Drainage method and device
CN114483160A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-05-13 西安交通大学 Gas extraction method for connecting roadway

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