CN109574692A - Silicon carbide fastener and manufacturing process - Google Patents
Silicon carbide fastener and manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109574692A CN109574692A CN201910018550.9A CN201910018550A CN109574692A CN 109574692 A CN109574692 A CN 109574692A CN 201910018550 A CN201910018550 A CN 201910018550A CN 109574692 A CN109574692 A CN 109574692A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of silicon carbide fastener, which has following index: porosity < 0.1%；Elasticity modulus is 250-300 Gpa；Bending strength >=280Mpa；Density 2.90-3.2g/cm3.The invention also discloses a kind of manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener simultaneously, the technique includes molding early period and injection forming step, mid-term machining steps, post-processing steps, and slurry used in molding early period and injection forming step includes following component by weight: 75-85 parts of silicon carbide micro-powder, 58-62 parts of softened water, 3.6-4.4 parts of carbon black, 2.7-3.3 parts of carbon fiber, 2.7-3.3 parts of silicon nitride powder, 2.7-3.3 parts of tungsten micro mist, 2.7-3.3 parts of manganese dioxide powder, 2.7-3.3 parts of titanium oxide powder, 3.6-4.4 parts of dispersing agent, 6.5-7.5 parts of binder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the elements of a kind of connection and fastening components, belong to mechanical engineering technical field, and in particular to one
Kind silicon carbide fastener and novel manufacturing process.
Background technique
Fastener is used as being fastenedly connected and in every profession and trade using extremely wide a kind of machine components.Fastener, almost
It is related to all trades and professions, such as: the energy, machinery, chemical industry, cement, mine, petroleum, electronics, metallurgy, mold, hydraulic industry.Fastening
Part is most widely used mechanical basic part, is applied in various mechanical equipments, engineering equipment, furnace equipment, petrochemical equipment, daily
Product etc. is above.Its feature is that description is various, and performance purposes is different, and standardization, systemization are high in the world.
Fastener specifically includes that bolt, stud, screw, nut, washer, pin etc..
Fastener use environment is complicated, but can supply high corrosion, high temperature, high abrasion environment fastener selection very
It is few.It is mainly seldom and at high cost for the material of its selection.Current application has not in the main material of fastener of particular surroundings
Become rusty steel, special steel alloy etc..It is also continuous that China's fastener products largely export to countries in the world, the fastener products of countries in the world
Pour in Chinese market.For fastener as one of biggish product of China's import & export quantity, realization is in line with international standards, uses new material raw
The fastener products that can be used in extreme circumstances are produced, to pushing Chinese fastener enterprise to go to the world, promote fastener enterprise
It participates in international cooperation and competes comprehensively, all tool important realistic meaning and strategic importance.So traditional metal must be solved
Fastener mostly uses metal material, and under the use environments such as burn into high temperature, abrasion, oxidizable corrosion, wear is serious, causes to make
It is short with the service life, the problem of safety substantially reduces.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of silicon carbide fastener,
To solve existing alloy material in skills such as oxidizable intolerant to burn into, service life is low, the declines of higher cost, hot environment performance
Art defect.
To solve the above problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: silicon carbide fastener, the fastener have following finger
Mark:
Porosity < 0.1%；
Elasticity modulus is 250-300 Gpa；
Bending strength >=280Mpa；
Density 2.90-3.2g/cm3。
The present invention selects silicon carbide material to manufacture fastener, and having its excellent high temperature resistance, (highest temperature is up to 1380
DEG C)；Even if in the strong metallic solution of high temperature and corrosivity, it may have extraordinary resistance to oxidation, corrosion resistance；It can answer extensively
It is medium for the high abrasion environment of cement high temperature, petrochemical industry high corrosion environment, the high abrasion environment in mine, for its performance, silicon carbide
The fastener porosity is less than 0.1%, and consistency is high, corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting property is splendid；Oxidation resistent susceptibility is the 10 of graphite products
Times or more, 300 Gpa of elasticity modulus (1200 DEG C), bending strength 280Mpa (1200 DEG C) are 5-10 higher than graphite material intensity
Times；Silicon carbide Mohs' hardness 9 is only second to diamond, extremely abrasive, and for its material, silicon carbide density is 3.2g/cm3, far
Lower than metal material 6.0-8.5g/cm3, it is light-weight, weight of equipment can be reduced.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener, which includes molding early period and injection forming
Step, mid-term machining steps, post-processing steps, slurry used in molding early period and injection forming step is by weight
Measuring part includes following component:
75-85 parts of silicon carbide micro-powder, 58-62 parts of softened water, 3.6-4.4 parts of carbon black, 2.7-3.3 parts of carbon fiber, silicon nitride powder
2.7-3.3 parts, 2.7-3.3 parts of tungsten micro mist, 2.7-3.3 parts of manganese dioxide powder, 2.7-3.3 parts of titanium oxide powder, dispersing agent
3.6-4.4 6.5-7.5 parts of part, binder.
Be below the present invention above scheme is advanced optimized: the mid-term machining steps the following steps are included: 1.,
With the shape and external screw thread of lathe finishing bolt；2., with machine tooling nut；3., finally carry out surfacing.
Advanced optimize: the step is 1. middle to use machine tooling bolt shape to the margin of tolerance for ± 0.5mm.
Advanced optimize: the step is 1. middle to use machine tooling bolt external screw thread to the margin of tolerance for ± 0.3mm.
Advanced optimize: 2. the step is using machine tooling nut inner thread to the margin of tolerance ± 0.3mm.
Advanced optimize: 3. the step is modified to the defect of shaping and drying base obtained after the completion of machining.
Advanced optimize: the post-processing steps are the following steps are included: a, molding blank first dry Indoor Dry in high temperature
Dry, then shove charge is sintered；B, blasting treatment.
Advanced optimize: described in step a, it is 70-90 DEG C that high temperature, which dries room temperature, and drying time is that 9-12 is small
When.
Advanced optimize: the blasting treatment makes product surface roughness Ra0.2-1.6.
Processing technology of the invention is combined using grouting process and process for machining, and difficulty of processing is lower, high yield rate,
It is easy in marketing.
It is the comparison of the present invention with the prior art below:
| Material | Stainless steel | Silicon carbide |
| Density g/cm3 | 7.7-8.2 | 2.90-3.20 |
| Production method | It is rolled after smelting | Vacuum firing after slip casting |
| Corrosion resistance | Generally | It is excellent |
| High temperature resistant, oxidation resistent susceptibility | Generally | It is excellent |
| Wear-resisting property | Generally | It is excellent |
| The service life under acid or alkali environment | < 90 days | 300 days or more |
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of bolt in embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of nut in embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of nut liner plate in embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of bolt in embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of bolt in embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the general assembly schematic diagram of the present invention in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, as shown in figures 1 to 6, silicon carbide fastener, including the secure component made by silicon carbide material, this is tight
Gu component includes the part that bolt, stud, screw, nut, washer, bolt etc. are used to be fastenedly connected, fastening part can be made in this way
Part is corrosion-resistant, resistance to oxidation, long service life, at low cost, high temperature resistant, is not used to make fastening for the material in the prior art
The precedent of part.
The present invention also provides the manufacturing process of above-mentioned silicon carbide fastener simultaneously, comprising the following steps:
(1), outer bed die is made: using the structure size of the outer bed die designed according to the structure of fastener bolt and nut as foundation,
Using machine-tooled method, the production of fastener (screw bolt and nut, bolt and bolt) outer bed die, outer bottom mold materials aluminium are completed
One of alloy, gypsum, epoxy resin.
(2), make production external mold with outer bottom molding: production external mold is first uniformly smeared outer bed die in right amount using plaster mold
Outer bed die is placed in plaster mold shape mold and is fixed, is made according to the proportions of land plaster and water 3:2 by soft soap water
Calcium plaster, gypsum and water carry out being stirred under vacuum 2-3 minutes after being sufficiently mixed, and screen out impurity after mixing evenly, calcium plaster is injected
In model, slight oscillatory excludes bubble, and calcium plaster is made to flow into each tiny edges and corners, it is ensured that calcium plaster disposably fills mould
Tool die cavity removes outer bed die after calcium plaster solidification, takes out production external mold, it is 25-55 in temperature after being molded as that gypsum, which produces outer,
Drying 3-4 days in hothouse between DEG C, using electronic scale weighing, from hothouse when calculating mold moisture content lower than 10%
Interior taking-up, and further quantity has Measurement die size, mold tolerance is less than in the case of 1mm, can come into operation.
(3), it sizes mixing and injection forming: before booting, checking whether clutch, brake of ingredient blender etc. be good,
Must not centainly clean out in stirring machine barrel has foreign matter, checks that the insulation of electrical equipment and ground connection remain intact；
Booting carries out noload test run in use, should first start blender, adds raw material stirring production again after machinery works well
Slurry, the slurry include following component by weight: 60 parts of softened water, 80 parts of silicon carbide micro-powder, 4 parts of carbon black, 3 parts of carbon fiber,
3 parts of silicon nitride powder, 3 parts of tungsten micro mist, 3 parts of manganese dioxide powder, 3 parts of titanium oxide powder, 4 parts of dispersing agent, 7 parts of binder；
Wherein: the softened water in raw material largely volatilizees in demoulding and drying, dispersing agent and binder sinter to 1000 ±
It volatilizees thoroughly at 10 DEG C or so, metallic silicon, which is penetrated into pyroreaction in green body, reacts and fill up all stomatas.
The raw material needs the high-speed stirred in the case where revolving speed is the operating condition of 850-900r/min in blender is added, when stirring
Between need 32 hours or more, so that all raw materials is sufficiently mixed obtained slurry, after slurry configures, by slurry contain take out, filter it is standby
With；
By dried mold, it is placed into slip casting area, using solid casting method, filtered slurry is injected in mold, slip casting
When operation, it is necessary to determined on production mould according to the structure of screw bolt and nut (bolt and bolt) position of injected hole, quantity and
Then size molds slip casting, rationally to grasp injection speed during slip casting, injection speed is about 25-40s/L, it is ensured that slurry
Liquid will not generate bubble, swash phenomena such as splashing when injecting, and the mould of vibration production frequently, keep pulp flow uniform.
(4) dry: the mold after slip casting being stood 40-50 hours, mold is opened, silicon carbide green body is taken out, after demoulding
The molded blank of screw bolt and nut (bolt and bolt) is obtained, if outdoor temperature is at 15 DEG C or more, and air humidity is less than 70%
When RH, green body spontaneously dry 5-8 hours in outdoor, the weighing of blank electronic scale is then calculated into estimated moisture and is contained
Amount is re-fed into electric baking booth low temperature drying, and temperature is arranged between 22-40 DEG C in electric baking booth, and dry 40-60 is small
When, then blank electronic scale is weighed, moisture content is calculated, is taken out when moisture content is less than 5%.
(5) biscuit machining, finishing:
It is broadly divided into three steps:
The first step sets vertical or horizontal machine tool lathe tool according to length, the diameter equidimension parameter for wanting processing bolt shape
Blank after drying is clamped on the chuck of lathe by stroke, and is corrected by clamping, measurer to blank, then by knife
Tool is mounted on knife rest and to knife, processes bolt shape according to bolt outer diameter, constantly uses gage measuring in process
Blank shape size guarantees the blank shape margin of tolerance within ± 0.5mm；
Then it is 1. required by machining and screw thread silk process mating tool according to the size of screw thread silk or card slot on bolt, it is right
It is bolted position and carries out external screw thread processing, constantly use gage measuring thread size in process, guarantee threaded portion tolerance
Range is within ± 0.3mm, and sight check blank surface is without dark line, breakage, stomata etc.；2. or passing through machining and drillman
Tool is required according to bolt aperture equidimension, is processed to pin hole on bolt, and gage measuring bolt is constantly used in process
Pore size, the guarantee pin hole margin of tolerance use roughness comparison specimen (abbreviation sample within -0.2mm to 0.5mm
Block) according to vision and tactile compared with blank measured surface, it is ensured that surface roughness is between Ra1.6-3.2, and sight check
Blank surface is without dark line, breakage, stomata etc.；
Second step, after the hair body drying of nut, 1. with the supporting tool of machining and the processing of screw thread silk, according to screw thread silk or card
The size requirement of slot, finishes nut inner thread position, gage measuring thread size is constantly used in process, guarantee
The threaded portion margin of tolerance is within ± 0.3mm, and sight check blank surface is without dark line, breakage, stomata etc.；2. or using machine
It processes (lathe cooperation lathe tool), is required according to the size and shape of bolt, process bolt, constantly surveyed with measurer in process
Measure bolt size, guarantee bolt contour tolerance range within -0.5mm to 0.2mm, and sight check blank surface without dark line,
Breakage, stomata etc.；
Third step, biscuit integrally pass through after the completion of machining, modify to the defective shaping and drying base in surface；
(6) it is sintered:
The molding blank trimmed is sent into high temperature drying room, it is 9-12 hours dry between 70-90 DEG C, become by green body weight
Change, calculates green body moisture content and be less than 2%, can be fitted into vacuum sintering furnace after the completion, metallic silicon is poured into product gap
And bottom, the metallic silicon being scattered (99.5% or more silicon metal purity) weight are about 1 times of product blank weight, weight
Difference floats up and down no more than 25%.
Before vacuum sintering furnace sintering booting, cooling water is first connected, water pressure of cooling water should be kept between 0.1~0.2 Mpa, out
Each water valve flow on vacuum sintering furnace is transferred to suitable position, the then pressurising into vacuum sintering furnace by coolant-temperature gage≤45 DEG C
Contracting air makes vacuum-sintering furnace pressure reach 0.3-0.5MPa, then passes through the temperature controller on vacuum sintering furnace
(FP23) heating process curve is set, then vacuum sintering furnace inhales vacuum, drops to vacuum degree in furnace between 10-50pa.
Then it is heated, and runs FP23 heating schedule, poured in the backward vacuum sintering furnace of heating beginning industrial
Nitrogen (99.6% or more purity) opens the exhaust blower and micro- on vacuum sintering furnace when being inflated to the setting upper limit (1 ± 0.05Kpa)
Valve is rushed, adjusting micro- air inflow for rushing valve upper rotor part flowmeter is 400 ± 5L/h, is issued when temperature is increased to 800 DEG C of alarm devices
Alarm, at the same it is micro- rush valve and exhaust valve is automatically closed, release alarm in alert interface and close exhaust blower in monitoring interface, and after
It is continuous to be warming up to 1700 ± 5 DEG C, while being evacuated down between 50-200pa, operator is seen at any time by the observation window on furnace body
The temperature variations that infrared radiation thermometer is shown in calorimetric area；
Wherein, when vacuum-sintering in-furnace temperature rises to 1410 DEG C, metallic silicon starts to melt, as temperature continues to increase, metal
Silicon continues to melt and generate steam, adsorbs and penetrates into silicon carbide blank body, and the carbon in green body is reacted with the Si of infiltration, generates β-
SiC, and with α-SiC(silicon carbide micro-powder) combine, free Si is filled with stomata, becomes the ceramic material of high compactness；
When temperature is to 1700 ± 5 DEG C, heating schedule end of run, vacuum drying oven (vacuum sintering furnace) heating system, which is automatically closed, stops
Only, after constant temperature waits 0.5-1.5 hours, inflated with nitrogen (99.6% or more purity) is to 1 ± 0.05Kpa and cooling, when temperature is lower than
After 600-700 DEG C, the air cooling system on openable vacuum sintering furnace assists cooling, reaches tapping temperature (about 160 DEG C or less)
Afterwards, air cooling system is closed, prepares to come out of the stove.
(7) blasting treatment: after the product sintered of coming out of the stove is down to room temperature (about 10-45 DEG C), it is separated from silica sand and is taken
Out, then by product it is placed in sand-blasting machine, diamond dust movement, diamond dust and production is blown by the gas that air compressor machine in sand-blasting machine generates
Product surface contact friction is removed the silicon metal of product surface adhesion, keeps product surface round and smooth bright and clean, compared using surface roughness
Sample block (abbreviation sample block) is according to vision and tactile compared with product measured surface, it is ensured that product surface roughness is in Ra0.2-1.6
Between；I.e. product surface takes out later without adhesion metallic silicon and other visual foreign matters, by screw bolt and nut (bolt and bolt) into
Row splicing, storage, packaging.
Above-mentioned steps (1)-(4) are molding early period and injection forming step, and step (5) is mid-term machining steps, step
(6), (7) are post-processing steps.
Embodiment 2, embodiment 1 the step of in (3), the slurry includes following component by weight: 58 parts of softened water,
75 parts of silicon carbide micro-powder, 3.6 parts of carbon black, 2.7 parts of carbon fiber, 2.7 parts of silicon nitride powder, 2.7 parts of tungsten micro mist, manganese dioxide
2.7 parts of powder, 2.7 parts of titanium oxide powder, 3.6 parts of dispersing agent, 6.5 parts of binder；And using technique production documented in embodiment 1
Silicon carbide fastener.
Embodiment 3, embodiment 1 the step of in (3), the slurry includes following component by weight: 62 parts of softened water,
85 parts of silicon carbide micro-powder, 4.4 parts of carbon black, 3.3 parts of carbon fiber, 3.3 parts of silicon nitride powder, 3.3 parts of tungsten micro mist, manganese dioxide
3.3 parts of powder, 3.3 parts of titanium oxide powder, 4.4 parts of dispersing agent, 7.5 parts of binder；And using technique production documented in embodiment 1
Silicon carbide fastener.
The present invention selects silicon carbide material to manufacture fastener, and having its excellent high temperature resistance, (highest temperature is up to 1380
DEG C)；Even if in the strong metallic solution of high temperature and corrosivity, it may have extraordinary resistance to oxidation, corrosion resistance；It can answer extensively
It is medium for the high abrasion environment of cement high temperature, petrochemical industry high corrosion environment, the high abrasion environment in mine, for its performance, silicon carbide
The fastener porosity is less than 0.1%, and consistency is high, corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting property is splendid；Oxidation resistent susceptibility is the 10 of graphite products
Times or more, 300 Gpa of elasticity modulus (1200 DEG C), bending strength 280Mpa (1200 DEG C) are 5-10 higher than graphite material intensity
Times；Silicon carbide Mohs' hardness 9 is only second to diamond, extremely abrasive, and for its material, silicon carbide density is 3.2g/cm3, far
Lower than metal material 6.0-8.5g/cm3, it is light-weight, weight of equipment can be reduced；For its processing technology: product uses slip casting
Technique and process for machining combine, and difficulty of processing is lower, and high yield rate is easy in marketing.
It is the comparison of the present invention with the prior art below:
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, it is clear that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing substantially from spirit of the invention or substantially
In the case where feature, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms, therefore, in all respects, should all will implement
Example regards exemplary as, and is non-limiting, and the scope of the present invention is by appended claims rather than above description limits
It is fixed, it is intended that including all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. silicon carbide fastener, it is characterised in that: the fastener has following index:
Porosity < 0.1%；
Elasticity modulus is 250-300 Gpa；
Bending strength >=280Mpa；
Density 2.90-3.2g/cm3。
2. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the technique include molding early period and
Injection forming step, mid-term machining steps, post-processing steps, used in molding early period and injection forming step
Slurry includes following component by weight:
75-85 parts of silicon carbide micro-powder, 58-62 parts of softened water, 3.6-4.4 parts of carbon black, 2.7-3.3 parts of carbon fiber, silicon nitride powder
2.7-3.3 parts, 2.7-3.3 parts of tungsten micro mist, 2.7-3.3 parts of manganese dioxide powder, 2.7-3.3 parts of titanium oxide powder, dispersing agent
3.6-4.4 6.5-7.5 parts of part, binder.
3. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the mid-term machining steps
The following steps are included: 1., with lathe finishing the shape and external screw thread of bolt；2., with machine tooling nut inner thread；3., most
After carry out surfacing.
4. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the step 1. in use machine
Bed processing bolt shape to the margin of tolerance is ± 0.5mm.
5. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the step 1. in use machine
Bed processing bolt external screw thread to the margin of tolerance is ± 0.3mm.
6. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: 2. the step is using machine
Bed nut processing internal screw thread is to the margin of tolerance ± 0.3mm.
7. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: 3. the step is added to machine
The defect of shaping and drying base made from after the completion of work is modified.
8. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the post-processing steps packet
Include following steps: a, molding blank first dry indoor seasoning in high temperature, and then shove charge is sintered；B, blasting treatment.
9. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described in step a, high temperature
Drying room temperature is 70-90 DEG C, and drying time is 9-12 hours.
10. the manufacturing process of silicon carbide fastener according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the blasting treatment makes to produce
Product surface roughness is Ra0.2-1.6.
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| CN115894038A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-04 | 山东中鹏特种陶瓷有限公司 | Manufacturing process of large-size silicon carbide sand mill lining |
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