CN109572755A - 包括灯条的铁路车辆 - Google Patents
包括灯条的铁路车辆 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D29/00—Lighting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
- B61L15/02—Head or tail indicators, e.g. light
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/28—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating front of vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/32—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating vehicle sides, e.g. clearance lights
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D13/00—Tramway vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
- F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
- F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S43/145—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
- F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S43/15—Strips of light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/10—Protection of lighting devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
- F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
- F21S9/03—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
- F21S9/032—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light the solar unit being separate from the lighting unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/02—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being transformers, impedances or power supply units, e.g. a transformer with a rectifier
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
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- F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
- F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
- F21Y2115/15—Organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
轨道车辆(1)包括前端(100)和后端(102)以及侧面(104)和固定到铁路车辆(1)外部并包括光源的灯条(3)。灯条(104)至少固定在前端(100)或后端(102)上以及侧面上,并且延伸超过每个侧面(104)的长度的至少50%。
Description
本发明涉及一种铁路车辆,其包括放置在该车辆的外部车身上的灯条。
已知铁路车辆设置有一个或多个放置在车辆前部的前灯。这些前灯通常设计为用于照亮火车前方的铁路轨道,以便火车司机在天黑时能够看到轨道。然而,当火车进入行人靠近轨道的区域时,就像有轨电车一样,这些大灯不允许从远处看到火车。这导致行人与火车之间碰撞增加的风险。
正是这些缺点是本发明旨在更具体地通过提出一种铁路车辆来补救,该铁路车辆在能见度差的条件下行驶时具有增加的外部可视性。
为此,本发明涉及一种铁路车辆,其包括前端和后端以及承载灯条的侧面,所述灯条固定到铁路车辆的外部并且包括光源。根据本发明,灯条固定在前端和后端以及侧面中的至少一个上并且在每个侧面的长度的至少50%上延伸。
借助于本发明,灯条至少部分地匹配列车的形状,并且当被照亮时,它们因此允许在黑暗中感知列车的尺寸和形状。
根据本发明的有利但非强制性的方面,这种铁路车辆可以结合以任何技术上可行的组合采用的以下特征中的一个或多个:
-车辆具有至少部分地形成侧面的车身,其中灯条固定在该车身上。
-灯条沿着分离车身部分的边缘延伸。
-灯条在侧面的整个长度上延伸。
-灯条是柔性薄膜。
-光源包括发光二极管或有机发光二极管。
-车辆包括能够为光源供电的供电单元。
-供电单元具有连接到铁路车辆外部的光伏模块。
-供电单元由铁路车辆的供电网络供电。
-灯条具有覆盖光源的透明外保护层。
根据以下对铁路车辆的实施例的描述,根据其仅作为示例给出的概念并参考附图,将更好地理解本发明并且将更清楚地显现出其它优点,在附图中:
图1以立体图示意性地示出了根据本发明的设有灯条的铁路车辆。
图2示出了图1的灯条的放置示例的示意性剖视图,
图3示出了图1的灯条的一部分的示意性剖视图。
图1示出了能够在铁路2上行驶的铁路车辆1。在该示例中,车辆1是电车。
车辆1包括前端100、后端102和外侧面104,在图1中仅可看到一个外侧面。
在这种情况下,车辆1包括安装在转向架(未示出)上的多个轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d。这些轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d沿着车辆1的纵向轴线对齐并且通过铰接件11成对地联接以形成车辆1的车身。
每个轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d还包括前部、后部和侧面。每对相邻轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d的相应前表面和后表面布置成彼此面对并且通过铰接件11中的一个成对地联接。位于车辆1前方的轿厢10a的前端对应于车辆1的前端。类似地,位于车辆1后部的主体10d的后端对应于车辆1的后端。
或者,车辆1可以仅具有一个主体。在这种情况下,省略了铰接件11。
每个轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d还具有开口和外部车身14。开口例如是窗户12和/或门13。它们布置在轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d的侧面上。外车身14连接到每个轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d,并且包括例如金属板或塑料或复合材料板。因此,车辆1的每个侧面104由每个轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d的相应侧面形成,更确切地说,由这些轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d的车身形成。有利地,附加车身元件布置在这些轿厢中的一个或多个上,例如以隐藏位于车辆1的车顶上的设备。
车辆1的前端100或后端102中的至少一个具有操作员驾驶室15。
车辆1还包括固定到车辆1外部的灯条3,在这种情况下固定在车辆1的车身上,如下所述。或者,可以省略车身14并且灯条3直接连接到轿厢10a、10b、10c和10d。
当灯条3由车辆1的供电单元16供电时,灯条3能够发射光辐射。供电单元16是放置在车辆1内部并且能够提供电压(例如24V或110V)的DC电压源。该单元本身由电源(例如车辆电池1)或通过车辆1的外部电源网络(例如悬链线)供电。根据另一变型,供电单元16包括放置在车辆1外部(例如放置在车辆1的车顶上)的光伏模块。
灯条3至少在前端100或后端102上延伸并且在侧面104的长度的至少50%、优选地在侧面104的长度的至少70%或至少80%上延伸。在这种情况下,灯条3在侧面104的整个长度上延伸。沿着车辆1的纵向测量长度。
在这种情况下,灯条3不是作为整体延伸而是被分成多个灯条部分3a、3b、3c、3d,该多个灯条部分除了在铰接件11处之外彼此相邻。在这种情况下,灯条的这些部分是相似的,相互之间只有彼此不同的尺寸和位置。
在该示例中,灯条3的第一部分3a沿着车辆1的前端100水平延伸,例如沿着操作员驾驶室15的挡风玻璃150并且在其下方。灯条3的两个第二部分3b(在图1中可以看到仅其中一个)在挡风玻璃150的每一侧基本垂直地延伸,然后沿着挡风玻璃150延伸到车顶的附加整流罩。每个第二部分3b的下端与灯条3a的一端相邻,以便至少确保灯条3的视觉连续性。灯条3的两个第三部分3c各自沿轿厢10a的相应面104的长度基本水平地延伸。轿厢10b和10c各自在它们各自的侧面上分别具有灯条3的部分3d,该部分3d作为相应部分3c的延伸部分延伸。在这种情况下,车辆1是可逆电车,其在其两个纵向端部处设置有相同的操作员驾驶室15。因此,端部100和102具有相同的形状。因此,端部102具有灯条3的部分3a和3b,它们以与前述端部100的部分3a和3b的布置类似的方式布置。轿厢10d还包括灯条3的部分3c,类似于轿厢10a的部分。
这里,部分3a、3b、3c和3d中的每一个的宽度大于1cm且小于50cm,优选地在5至30cm之间。在本说明书中,水平方向被定义为平行于铁路2。
优选地,灯条3沿着边缘40或角度线布置,该边缘40或角度线将车身14的具有不同取向的面的两个部分41、42分开,如图2所示。
如图3所示,灯条3呈大致扁平形状的柔性薄膜的形式。“薄膜”是指灯条3的厚度比灯条3的长度和宽度之间的最小尺寸小至少十倍,优选至少小一百倍,其中该长度和该宽度是在灯条3的平面中测量。
在该示例中,灯条3的每个部分包括堆叠,该堆叠包括固定支撑件30、中间保护层32、有源光源34和外保护层36,它们以此顺序彼此叠置在车身外侧。该叠层有利地具有小于或等于5mm、优选为3mm、更优选为1mm的厚度。优选地,堆叠具有尽可能低的厚度,以避免车身14上的过大宽度,这可能不利地影响空气动力学性能或损害维护的容易性,例如在清洗车辆1时。
支撑件30旨在固定成与车辆1的车身接触,以便在没有任何自由度的情况下将灯条3固定到车辆1。例如,支撑件30可以是铝膜或金属板。使用固定系统(例如粘合剂或螺钉/螺母系统)实现固定。
中间层32布置在支撑件30和光源34之间,并且用于保护支撑件30免受由于灯条3暴露在车辆1外部而导致的腐蚀和其他损坏。中间层32由一层防护漆形成。或者,可以省略中间层32,特别是如果希望减小灯条3的厚度。
当光源34由单元16供电时,光源34发射光辐射R。为此,光源34例如通过穿过在车身14中形成的通孔140的电缆38连接到单元16。
发射的光辐射R具有包含在可见光范围内的波长,即在350nm和800nm之间。辐射R在这里是单色的。
此外,光辐射R有利地提供大于或等于100勒克斯、优选大于或等于500勒克斯、更优选大于或等于1000勒克斯的照度。
光源34仅在由单元16供电时才发射光辐射R。因此,荧光或反光膜不是本发明意义上的灯条。
这里光源34具有柔性片的形式,其在灯条部分的面积的至少90%、优选至少95%上连续延伸。该片材例如通过粘合剂或双面粘合剂层或通过轧制附着到中间层32上。
例如,光源34是发光二极管模块,由首字母缩略词LED已知。
作为变型,光源34可以是有机发光二极管模块,由缩写OLED所知。在这种情况下,由光源34发射的光的波长可以由用户有利地和选择性地修改,例如通过借助于车辆1的选择界面来修改光源34的电源参数。例如,允许灯条3根据车辆1的路线显示不同的颜色,从而使旅行者容易识别。这还允许例如灯条3根据车辆是否处于商业服务中而显示不同的颜色。
保护层36覆盖光源34,以保护其免受由于灯条3暴露于环境条件(例如湿气或紫外线辐射)而导致的损坏。例如,保护层36可以是保护清漆。
有利地,车辆包括用于供电单元16的控制装置,其能够控制光源34的电源达预定时段。预定时段可以是例如秒的量级。
控制装置例如通过选择接口激活。因此,驾驶车辆1的操作者能够通过选择界面控制光源34的闪光,特别是在车辆1的方向改变期间,或者在危险情况下。
车辆1在车辆的第一平面的两侧限定两个侧面,所述两个侧面平行于车辆1的纵向轴线和竖直轴线延伸。这些侧面例如对应于侧面104。有利地,车辆1包括沿着车辆的每个侧面布置的灯条3,其中每个灯条与单独的供电单元16相关联,以便独立地控制灯条的电源。
保护层36有利地是透明的,以允许由源34发射的辐射从灯条3传播到外部。
借助于灯条3,增加了车辆1的可视性。当灯条3沿着面104延伸时,它使得可以照亮并使得车辆1的形状和整体尺寸比放置在端部100处的前照灯更有效地出现,这不允许这样,因为这种前照灯仅照亮车辆1前方的区域,因此不照亮车辆1的其余部分。
此外,通过其形状和结构,灯条3容易适应车身14的形状,特别是当车身具有定制的形状时。因此,单一类型的灯条3可以用在具有不同外部形状的不同类型的车辆1上。
本发明还适用于车辆1不是有轨电车并且在黑暗或夜间寻求增加可见度的情况。例如,车辆1可以是工作列车。因此,灯条3使得可以通过在工作区域中在该列车附近工作的工人来增加这种列车的夜间可见度。根据另一变型,车辆1可以是由机车牵引的货车车队。然后,灯条3使得可以增加该货物在货物分拣设施中的可见度。
Claims (10)
1.一种铁路车辆(1),包括:
-前端(100)、后端(102)和侧面(104),以及
-固定在所述铁路车辆(1)外部并包括光源(34)的灯条(3),
其中,所述灯条(3)至少固定在所述前端(100)或后端(102)和侧面上,并且在每个所述侧面(104)的长度的至少50%上延伸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述铁路车辆包括车身(14),所述车身至少部分地形成所述侧面(104),并且其中,所述灯条固定在所述车身(14)上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述灯条(3)沿着分离所述车身(14)的面(41,42)的部分的边缘(40)延伸。
4.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述灯条(3)在所述侧面(104)的整个长度上延伸。
5.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述灯条(3)是柔性薄膜。
6.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述光源(34)包括发光二极管或有机发光二极管。
7.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述车辆包括设计为用于为所述光源(34)供电的供电单元(16)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述供电单元(16)包括附接到所述铁路车辆(1)的外部的光伏模块。
9.根据权利要求7所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述供电单元(16)由所述铁路车辆的供电网络供电。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的铁路车辆(1),其中,所述灯条(3)包括覆盖所述光源(34)的透明外保护层(36)。
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FR1759112A FR3071802B1 (fr) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | Vehicule ferroviaire comprenant une bande lumineuse |
FR1759112 | 2017-09-29 |
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CN109572755A true CN109572755A (zh) | 2019-04-05 |
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EP (1) | EP3461711B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN109572755A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2018236683A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA3018241A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2954267T3 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR3071802B1 (zh) |
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USD1003765S1 (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2023-11-07 | Byd Company Limited | Train |
USD1016669S1 (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2024-03-05 | Byd Company Limited | Train |
FR3110212B1 (fr) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-09-02 | Alstom Transp Tech | Voiture d’un véhicule de transport public et véhicule associé |
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- 2018-09-24 AU AU2018236683A patent/AU2018236683A1/en active Pending
- 2018-09-27 MA MA045486A patent/MA45486A/fr unknown
- 2018-09-27 EP EP18197275.3A patent/EP3461711B1/fr active Active
- 2018-09-27 RU RU2018133972A patent/RU2018133972A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-09-27 ES ES18197275T patent/ES2954267T3/es active Active
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- 2018-10-01 US US16/148,741 patent/US20190100222A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP3461711B1 (fr) | 2023-05-10 |
MA45486A (fr) | 2019-04-03 |
AU2018236683A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
ES2954267T3 (es) | 2023-11-21 |
RU2018133972A (ru) | 2020-03-27 |
FR3071802B1 (fr) | 2019-10-25 |
US20190100222A1 (en) | 2019-04-04 |
IL261926A (en) | 2019-02-28 |
EP3461711A1 (fr) | 2019-04-03 |
FR3071802A1 (fr) | 2019-04-05 |
RU2018133972A3 (zh) | 2021-12-06 |
CA3018241A1 (fr) | 2019-03-29 |
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