CN109566231A - The implantation methods of the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved - Google Patents
The implantation methods of the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566231A CN109566231A CN201811626686.XA CN201811626686A CN109566231A CN 109566231 A CN109566231 A CN 109566231A CN 201811626686 A CN201811626686 A CN 201811626686A CN 109566231 A CN109566231 A CN 109566231A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, including preparation before planting, plantation, Tree Precise Fertilization, pruning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Pine tree pine tree slow-release fertilizer provided by the invention is according to pine tree nutrient absorption utilization level, soil sets alimentation using forest entirely, accurate sampling analysis pine tree body root, stem, leaf, flower, the biological quality of each organ such as fruit and the nitrogen of each organ, phosphorus, the content of potassium, to which scientific algorithm goes out nitrogen, phosphorus, absorption storage absolute value and relative scale of a large amount of nutrients such as potassium in tree body, to calculate macronutrient fertilizer (N needed for pine tree is applied fertilizer, P and K) scientific matching, pine tree Tree height growth balanced growth 11.72%, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground balanced growth 14.90%, rosin amount balanced growth 24.21%, implantation methods of the invention are to promotion Growth of Masson Pine development, improving pine resin yield has obviously facilitation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pine tree planting technology fields, and the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved more particularly to one kind
Implantation methods.
Background technique
Pine tree can produce rosin, and rosin emulsification is strong, and wettability, impregnability and good leveling property can be used for washing, fabric
Dyeing and coating, varnish, oils equal solvent are also used to make mineral flotation agent, alcotate, antifoaming agent and wetting agent, have
Good economic benefit mainly improves pine resin yield by chemical stimulation resin tapping at present, but this method can not
Increasing the raw material for generating rosin reaction, rise time is not grown, it can not fundamentally solve the problems, such as pine resin yield deficiency, and
The rosin obtained by this method is not easy to clarify, and product quality is bad.
Nutrient supply is the material base of pine tree growth and development, and pine tree body nutrient has with pine tree increment, yield
Close relationship is the theoretical basis of pine tree fertilising and nutrient diagnosis.Pine tree must make trunk infusion element by the rational application of fertilizer
Concentration keeps horizontal and ratio appropriate, is just able to achieve stable and high yields.
Rational application of fertilizers is the technical measures of pine tree low production forest comprehensive reformation.By the soil and the plant that acquire pine tree forest land
Strain blade etc. carries out nutrient analysis, the nutrient-supply capacity of soil is understood, according to the nutrient content of pine tree body and the need of its growth and development
Fertile characteristic makes a great number of elements, middle micronutrient suitable proportion, is prepared into the progress of pine tree pine tree slow-release fertilizer according to the proportion
Pine tree stable and high yields is realized in application.
The disclosure of background above technology contents is only used for auxiliary and understands inventive concept and technical solution of the invention, not
The prior art for necessarily belonging to present patent application shows above content in the applying date of present patent application in no tangible proof
In the case where having disclosed, above-mentioned background technique should not be taken to the novelty and creativeness of evaluation the application.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at a kind of implantation methods that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved are proposed, it to be used for pine tree
Tree Precise Fertilization extends fertilizer efficiency, improves pine tree speed and pine resin yield.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of implantation methods that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, including preparation before planting, plantation, precisely apply
Fertilizer, pruning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the Tree Precise Fertilization, step are included below:
S1: setting alimentation using forest entirely, claims the fresh of each organ of whole tree body respectively according to tree root, trunk, branch, leaf
Weight, and a small amount of representative sample is taken respectively according to each organ, claim its fresh weight, dry weight is claimed after then drying to constant weight in an oven, counts
The moisture content for calculating each organ, further according to the total fresh weight of each organ and moisture content calculate each organ of normal wood biomass dry weight and
The content of the nitrogen of each organ, phosphorus, potassium；
S2: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in measurement pine forests soil, in conjunction with the fertilizer benefit of nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium
With rate, the demand of each nutrient of pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is calculated separately out according to the following formula；
In formula:
Each nutrient demand amount of Y-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, kg/hm2；
WRoot- tree root biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XRootThe content of-tree root nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WIt is dry- trunk biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XIt is dryThe content of-trunk nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WBranch- branch biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XBranchThe content of-branch nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WLeaf- leaf biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XLeafThe content of-leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
The content of each nutrient of C-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mg/kg；
D-the soil weight, g/cm3；
H-root system depth, cm；
A-forest cover；
The utilization rate of each nutrient of T-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
Each plant recovery of nutrient of F-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
S3: pine tree slow-release fertilizer is prepared according to above formula and is applied fertilizer.
Further, the fertilizer that the Tree Precise Fertilization uses for pine tree slow-release fertilizer, as unit of parts by weight include with
Lower raw material: 100-250 parts of urea, 100-200 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 100-200 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-150 parts of calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate
50-100 parts, 0-6 parts of manganese chloride, 0-3 parts of copper sulphate, 0-5 parts of zinc chloride, 5-15 parts of Boratex, 10-25 parts of fulvic acid, guarantor
8-20 parts of aqua, 10-30 parts of conditioner, 5-20 parts of coated fertilizer.
Further, the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
Further, the conditioner is diatomite.
Further, the coated fertilizer is as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 6-35 parts of talcum powder, bentonite
4-12 parts, 3-10 parts of peat, 1.5-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 12-40 parts of starch, 2-6 parts of phosphate, 0.3-2 parts of oxidant, crosslinking agent
0.2-1 parts.
Further, the phosphate is dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Further, the oxidant is sodium hypochlorite.
Further, the crosslinking agent is glyoxal.
Further, the preparation process of the pine tree slow-release fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
S1: by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, copper sulphate, zinc chloride, Boratex,
Fulvic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite are mixed and added into water and stir evenly to obtain homogeneous mixture, and the homogeneous mixture is made
Grain, drying, cooling obtain fertiliser granulates；
S2: starch is tuned into pulpous state with 16-50 parts of water, heating makes system at 40-52 DEG C, adjusts the pH of starch slurry, then
Phosphate, oxidant is added, reacts 12-20min at 200-400r/min, is subsequently added into coupling agent, under keeping revolving speed constant
The reaction was continued 16-30min, obtains starch emulsion；By starch emulsion obtained and talcum powder, bentonite, peat, potassium nitrate and
It is 12%-18% that 130-700 parts of water are dried to water content at 40-55 DEG C after mixing, obtains coated fertilizer；
S3: after the coated fertilizer of fertiliser granulates made from step S1 is uniformly wrapped up with coated fertilizer made from step S2
Temperature is to be dried to water content≤2% at 48-57 DEG C, obtains pine tree slow-release fertilizer.
Further, pH described in step S2 is 8.5-10.2.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) proportion of N-P-K of the present invention follows law of minimum nourishment basic principle, and nutrient matches scientific and reasonable, economy comprehensively
It is practical, it both can satisfy various nutrients necessary to pine tree grows, and given full play to its fast-growing advantage, and fertilizer nutrient can be reduced
Unnecessary waste, reduce fertilizer cost, increase economic efficiency, more reasonably balance fertilizing.
(2) pine tree pine tree slow-release fertilizer provided by the invention is according to pine tree nutrient absorption utilization level, soil using forest
The nitrogen of full tree alimentation, the biological qualities of each organ such as accurate sampling analysis pine tree body root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and each organ,
The content of phosphorus, potassium stores absolute value and compares so that scientific algorithm goes out absorption of a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in tree body
Example, to calculate the scientific matching of macronutrient fertilizer (N, P and K) needed for pine tree is applied fertilizer, pine tree Tree height growth is average
Increase by 11.72%, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground balanced growth 14.90%, rosin amount balanced growth 24.21%, implantation methods of the invention are to promotion
Growth of Masson Pine development, raising pine resin yield have obviously facilitation.
(3) fertilizer control release rate of the invention is moderate and stablize, and fertiliser granulates nutrition is balanced, and the stream of fertilizer can be effectively reduced
Mistake rate improves the utilization efficiency of fertilizer, and pine tree is promoted quickly to grow up healthy and sound, and improves pine tree yield.
(4) present invention uses fulvic acid, can not only increase fertilizer point, and can effectively improve encapsulation rate, reduces packet
The dosage of membrane material reduces production cost.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment.It is emphasized that following the description is only
It is merely exemplary, the range and its application being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
One, specific embodiment
To facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, it is illustrated by the following examples, these examples belong to protection of the invention
Range, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
In embodiment, the implantation methods that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation before planting
Selection topography is uneven, and 30 degree of forest land mean inclination, slope aspect is the southeast to, soil category red soil, surface soil thickness 60-
80cm；
Before plantation pine tree seedling 3 months, the round pool that several depth are 20-30cm, diameter is 2.5-3m is dug, it is two neighboring
Distance is 7m between the round pool center of circle, uniformly applies 1-1.2kg nutrition fertilizer, backfill in each described round pool, and surface is laid with
One layer of fallen leaves, fallen leaves surface cover one layer of film for opening up multiple through-holes；
(2) it plants
Spring chooses the pine tree seedling that height is 50-60cm, and each round pool the center point plants a pine tree seedling；
(3) Tree Precise Fertilization
Step is included below:
S1: setting alimentation using forest entirely, claims the fresh of each organ of whole tree body respectively according to tree root, trunk, branch, leaf
Weight, and a small amount of representative sample is taken respectively according to each organ, claim its fresh weight, dry weight is claimed after then drying to constant weight in an oven, counts
The moisture content for calculating each organ, further according to the total fresh weight of each organ and moisture content calculate each organ of normal wood biomass dry weight and
The content of the nitrogen of each organ, phosphorus, potassium；
S2: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in measurement pine forests soil, in conjunction with the fertilizer benefit of nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium
With rate, the demand of each nutrient of pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is calculated separately out according to the following formula；
In formula:
Each nutrient demand amount of Y-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, kg/hm2；
WRoot- tree root biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XRootThe content of-tree root nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WIt is dry- trunk biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XIt is dryThe content of-trunk nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WBranch- branch biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XBranchThe content of-branch nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WLeaf- leaf biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XLeafThe content of-leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
The content of each nutrient of C-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mg/kg；
D-the soil weight, g/cm3；
H-root system depth, cm；
A-forest cover；
The utilization rate of each nutrient of T-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
Each plant recovery of nutrient of F-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %.
S3: pine tree slow-release fertilizer is prepared according to above formula and is applied fertilizer.
The pine tree slow-release fertilizer includes following raw material: 100-250 parts of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) as unit of parts by weight
100-200 parts, 100-200 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-150 parts of calcium chloride, 50-100 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0-6 parts of manganese chloride, copper sulphate 0-3
Part, 0-5 parts of zinc chloride, 5-15 parts of Boratex, 10-25 parts of fulvic acid, 8-20 parts of water-retaining agent, 10-30 parts of conditioner, coating material
5-20 parts of material；
The water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide；
The conditioner is diatomite；
The coated fertilizer is as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 6-35 parts of talcum powder, 4-12 parts of bentonite, mud
3-10 parts of charcoal, 1.5-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 12-40 parts of starch, 2-6 parts of phosphate, 0.3-2 parts of oxidant, 0.2-1 parts of crosslinking agent；
The phosphate is dipotassium hydrogen phosphate；
The oxidant is sodium hypochlorite；
The crosslinking agent is glyoxal；
The preparation process of the pine tree slow-release fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
S1: by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, copper sulphate, zinc chloride, Boratex,
Fulvic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite are mixed and added into water and stir evenly to obtain homogeneous mixture, and the homogeneous mixture is made
Grain, drying, cooling obtain fertiliser granulates；
S2: being tuned into pulpous state for starch with 16-50 parts of water, and heating makes system at 40-52 DEG C, and the pH for adjusting starch slurry is 8.5-
10.2, phosphate, oxidant is then added, reacts 12-20min at 200-400r/min, is subsequently added into coupling agent, keeps turning
Constant lower the reaction was continued the 16-30min of speed, obtains starch emulsion；By starch emulsion obtained and talcum powder, bentonite, peat, nitre
It is 12%-18% that sour potassium and 130-700 parts of water are dried to water content at 40-55 DEG C after mixing, obtains coating material
Material；
S3: after the coated fertilizer of fertiliser granulates made from step S1 is uniformly wrapped up with coated fertilizer made from step S2
Temperature is to be dried to water content≤2% at 48-57 DEG C, obtains pine tree slow-release fertilizer.
(4) pruning
To the high 1.8-2.0m of trunk, a pair of of side shoot is symmetrically retained on each major branch, each side shoot removes top bud, each side
Retain 2-4 beam pine needle every 10cm on branch, every Shu Songye has 5-6 root pine needle；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Below by more specifically examples illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation before planting
Selection topography is uneven, and 30 degree of forest land mean inclination, slope aspect is the southeast to, soil category red soil, surface soil thickness 65-
70cm；
Before plantation pine tree seedling 3 months, the round pool that several depth are 22-25cm, diameter is 2.5-2.8m is dug, adjacent two
Distance is 7m between a round pool center of circle, uniformly applies 1-1.2kg nutrition fertilizer, backfill, surface paving in each described round pool
If one layer of fallen leaves, fallen leaves surface covers one layer of film for opening up multiple through-holes；
(2) it plants
Spring chooses the pine tree seedling that height is 53cm, and each round pool the center point plants a pine tree seedling；
(3) Tree Precise Fertilization
Step is included below:
S1: setting alimentation using forest entirely, claims the fresh of each organ of whole tree body respectively according to tree root, trunk, branch, leaf
Weight, and a small amount of representative sample is taken respectively according to each organ, claim its fresh weight, dry weight is claimed after then drying to constant weight in an oven, counts
The moisture content for calculating each organ, further according to the total fresh weight of each organ and moisture content calculate each organ of normal wood biomass dry weight and
The content of the nitrogen of each organ, phosphorus, potassium；
S2: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in measurement pine forests soil, in conjunction with the fertilizer benefit of nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium
With rate, the demand of each nutrient of pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is calculated separately out according to the following formula；
In formula:
Each nutrient demand amount of Y-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, kg/hm2；
WRoot- tree root biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XRootThe content of-tree root nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WIt is dry- trunk biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XIt is dryThe content of-trunk nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WBranch- branch biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XBranchThe content of-branch nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WLeaf- leaf biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XLeafThe content of-leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
The content of each nutrient of C-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mg/kg；
D-the soil weight, g/cm3；
H-root system depth, cm；
A-forest cover；
The utilization rate of each nutrient of T-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
Each plant recovery of nutrient of F-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %.
S3: pine tree slow-release fertilizer is prepared according to above formula and is applied fertilizer.
(4) pruning
To the high 1.9m of trunk, symmetrically retain a pair of of side shoot on each major branch, each side shoot removes top bud, on each side shoot
Retain 3 beam pine needles every 10cm, every Shu Songye there are 5 pine needles；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation before planting
Selection topography is uneven, and 34 degree of forest land mean inclination, slope aspect is the southeast to, soil category red soil, surface soil thickness 74-
80cm；
Before plantation pine tree seedling 3 months, the round pool that several depth are 20-25cm, diameter is 2.5-3m is dug, it is two neighboring
Distance is 7m between the round pool center of circle, uniformly applies 1-1.2kg nutrition fertilizer, backfill in each described round pool, and surface is laid with
One layer of fallen leaves, fallen leaves surface cover one layer of film for opening up multiple through-holes；
(2) it plants
Spring chooses the pine tree seedling that height is 55-60cm, and each round pool the center point plants a pine tree seedling；
(3) Tree Precise Fertilization
Step is included below:
S1: setting alimentation using forest entirely, claims the fresh of each organ of whole tree body respectively according to tree root, trunk, branch, leaf
Weight, and a small amount of representative sample is taken respectively according to each organ, claim its fresh weight, dry weight is claimed after then drying to constant weight in an oven, counts
The moisture content for calculating each organ, further according to the total fresh weight of each organ and moisture content calculate each organ of normal wood biomass dry weight and
The content of the nitrogen of each organ, phosphorus, potassium；
S2: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in measurement pine forests soil, in conjunction with the fertilizer benefit of nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium
With rate, the demand of each nutrient of pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is calculated separately out according to the following formula；
In formula:
Each nutrient demand amount of Y-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, kg/hm2；
WRoot- tree root biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XRootThe content of-tree root nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WIt is dry- trunk biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XIt is dryThe content of-trunk nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WBranch- branch biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XBranchThe content of-branch nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WLeaf- leaf biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XLeafThe content of-leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
The content of each nutrient of C-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mg/kg；
D-the soil weight, g/cm3；
H-root system depth, cm；
A-forest cover；
The utilization rate of each nutrient of T-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
Each plant recovery of nutrient of F-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %.
S3: pine tree slow-release fertilizer is prepared according to above formula and is applied fertilizer.
(4) pruning
To the high 2.0m of trunk, symmetrically retain a pair of of side shoot on each major branch, each side shoot removes top bud, on each side shoot
Retain 4 beam pine needles every 10cm, every Shu Songye there are 6 pine needles；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Embodiment 3
Using the implantation methods of embodiment 1, using raw pine tree in May as the objective for implementation of pine tree slow-release fertilizer.
Raw pine tree progress Sampling Survey in May, 3 repetitions of every group of setting are chosen in the Nanning town Wu Xu planting base
Test, each investigation sample prescription (20m × 20m) is high with tree with the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground for enclosing each trees in ruler and altitude meter measurement sample ground, selects 1 plant
Then normal wood is cuted down, Monsic Slice by slice cutting method is then pressed, and every 2m is a differentiation section, sets alimentation entirely using forest, according to
Tree root, trunk, branch, leaf claim the fresh weight of each organ of whole tree body respectively, and take a small amount of representative sample respectively according to each organ
Product claim its fresh weight, take back interior, claim dry weight after drying to constant weight in an oven, calculate the moisture content of each organ, further according to each device
The total fresh weight of official and moisture content calculate the biomass dry weight of each organ of normal wood.
The measuring method of each organ of tree root, trunk, branch, leaf of pine tree are as follows: full nitrogen is according to standard LY/T 1269-
1999 " measurements of forest plants and the full nitrogen of forest litter " are measured using the way of distillation；Full potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, manganese
According to standard LY/T 1270-1999 " forest plants and forest litter total silicon, iron, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, sulphur,
Manganese, copper, Direct spectrophotometry " disappeared using conventional nitric acid-perchloric acid and is boiled, atomic absorption spectroscopy determination, full phosphorus uses nitric acid-height
Chloric acid, which disappears, to be boiled, molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method measurement；Full boron is according to standard LY/T 1273-1999 " forest plants and forest litter
Full Boron nitrogen rings " use dry ashing-azomethine colorimetric method for determining: measurement result is as shown in table 1.
The nutrient content of each organ of table raw pine tree in 1 May
The pedotheque of acquisition pine tree measures nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc, boron in soil by conventional method
The content of equal nutrients, and measure the soil weight and Root Distribution, calculated separately by following formula nitrogen in pine tree fertilizer, phosphorus,
The supply amount of the available nutrients such as potassium:
In formula:
The nutrient demands amount such as Y-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, kg/hm2；
WRoot- tree root biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XRootThe content of each nutrients such as-tree root nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
WIt is dry- trunk biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XIt is dryThe content of each nutrients such as-trunk nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
WBranch- branch biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XBranchThe content of each nutrients such as-branch nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
WLeaf- leaf biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XLeafThe content of each nutrients such as-leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
The content of each nutrient such as C-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mg/kg；
D-the soil weight, g/cm3；
H-root system depth, cm；
A-forest cover；
The utilization rate of each nutrient such as T-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
Each plant recovery of nutrient such as F-fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %.
By measure the soil weight be 1.3g/cm3, root system depth is 30cm, and pine tree coverage is 0.1, Soil Available
Nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium mean value are 124.8mg/kg, 1.5mg/kg and 63.2mg/kg, and soil exchangeable calcium, magnesium mean value are
28.4mg/kg, 22.9mg/kg, the effective manganese of soil, copper, zinc, boron mean value be 1.37mg/kg, 0.46mg/kg, 0.79mg/kg,
0.18mg/kg；Available nutrient of soil utilization rate nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium 37%, 17% and 37%, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc, boron soil benefit
Be respectively 26%, 22%, 60%, 7%, 8%, 16% with rate, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium utilization rate be 38%, 23% and
48%, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc, boron utilization rate be respectively 40%, 30%, 33%, 2%, 2%, 8%.Pass through above formula meter
The demand for calculating each nutrients such as pine tree nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is as shown in table 2.
Demand (the kg/hm of each nutrient in table raw pine tree fertilizer in 2 May2)
| The age of tree | Nitrogen | Phosphorus | Potassium | Calcium | Magnesium | Manganese | Copper | Zinc | Boron |
| May | 90.62 | 15.37 | 17.45 | 42.35 | 4.54 | 7.37 | 0.59 | 2.87 | 0.89 |
The demand that each nutrient such as pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is calculated according to the above method, in conjunction with nitrogen: five oxidations
Two phosphorus: potassium oxide YN:Yp×2.29:YK× 1.205, which calculate pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide etc., prepares pine
Slow-release fertilizer is set, learns that pine tree slow-release fertilizer matches by calculating are as follows: N:P2O5:K2The proportion of O:Ca:Mg:Mn:Cu:Zn:B is 19:7:
4:9:0.95:1.53:0.12:0.60:0.18。
The pine tree slow-release fertilizer for configuring life in May according to aforementioned proportion is as follows: urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, sulphur
The weight ratio of sour magnesium, manganese chloride, copper sulphate, zinc chloride, Boratex, fulvic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite, coated fertilizer
=220:150:100:150:70:3:1.5:1:12:15:10:20:18, the coated fertilizer as unit of parts by weight, including with
Lower raw material: 22 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of peat, 2 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of starch, 3 parts of phosphate, 1 part of oxidant, is handed over 8 parts of bentonite
0.7 part of agent of connection.
The phosphate is dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
The oxidant is sodium hypochlorite.
The crosslinking agent is glyoxal.
The preparation process of the pine tree slow-release fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
S1: by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, copper sulphate, zinc chloride, Boratex,
Fulvic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite are mixed and added into 3000 parts of water and stir evenly to obtain homogeneous mixture, the uniform mixing
Object is granulated, dries, cooling obtains fertiliser granulates；
S2: being tuned into pulpous state for starch with 40 parts of water, and heating makes system at 46 DEG C, and the pH for adjusting starch slurry is 9, is then added
Phosphate, oxidant react 15min at 300r/min, are subsequently added into coupling agent, and the reaction was continued under keeping revolving speed constant
25min obtains starch emulsion；Starch emulsion obtained and talcum powder, bentonite, peat, potassium nitrate and 400 parts of water are mixed
Being dried to water content after uniformly at 52 DEG C is 15%, obtains coated fertilizer；
S3: after the coated fertilizer of fertiliser granulates made from step S1 is uniformly wrapped up with coated fertilizer made from step S2
Temperature is that water content is dried at 55 DEG C is 2%, obtains pine tree slow-release fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
Using the implantation methods of embodiment 1, using raw pine tree in October as the objective for implementation of pine tree slow-release fertilizer.
Raw pine tree progress Sampling Survey in October, 3 weights of every group of setting are chosen in the Nanning town Wu Xu planting base
Retrial is tested, and each investigation sample prescription (20m × 20m) is high with tree with the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground for enclosing each trees in ruler and altitude meter measurement sample ground, selects 1
Strain normal wood, is then cuted down, and then presses Monsic Slice by slice cutting method, and every 2m is a differentiation section, is set alimentation entirely using forest, is pressed
Claim the fresh weight of each organ of whole tree body respectively according to tree root, trunk, branch, leaf, and takes a small amount of representativeness respectively according to each organ
Sample claims its fresh weight, takes back interior, claims dry weight after drying to constant weight in an oven, the moisture content of each organ is calculated, further according to each
The total fresh weight of organ and moisture content calculate the biomass dry weight of each organ of normal wood.
The measuring method of each organ of tree root, trunk, branch, leaf of pine tree are as follows: full nitrogen is according to standard LY/T 1269-
1999 " measurements of forest plants and the full nitrogen of forest litter " are measured using the way of distillation；Full potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, manganese
According to standard LY/T 1270-1999 " forest plants and forest litter total silicon, iron, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, sulphur,
Manganese, copper, Direct spectrophotometry " disappeared using conventional nitric acid-perchloric acid and is boiled, atomic absorption spectroscopy determination, full phosphorus uses nitric acid-height
Chloric acid, which disappears, to be boiled, molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method measurement；Full boron is according to standard LY/T 1273-1999 " forest plants and forest litter
Full Boron nitrogen rings " use dry ashing-azomethine colorimetric method for determining: measurement result is as shown in table 3.
The nutrient content of each organ of table raw pine tree in 3 October
The pedotheque of acquisition pine tree measures nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc, boron in soil by conventional method
The content of equal nutrients, and measure the soil weight and Root Distribution, calculated separately by following formula nitrogen in pine tree fertilizer, phosphorus,
The supply amount of the available nutrients such as potassium:
In formula:
The nutrient demands amount such as Y-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, kg/hm2；
WRoot- tree root biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XRootThe content of each nutrients such as-tree root nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
WIt is dry- trunk biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XIt is dryThe content of each nutrients such as-trunk nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
WBranch- branch biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XBranchThe content of each nutrients such as-branch nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
WLeaf- leaf biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XLeafThe content of each nutrients such as-leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, g/kg；
The content of each nutrient such as C-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mg/kg；
D-the soil weight, g/cm3；
H-root system depth, cm；
A-forest cover；
The utilization rate of each nutrient such as T-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
Each plant recovery of nutrient such as F-fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %.
By measure the soil weight be 1.2g/cm3, root system depth is 30cm, and pine tree coverage is 0.2, Soil Available
Nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium mean value are 119.7mg/kg, 1.8mg/kg and 59.7mg/kg, and soil exchangeable calcium, magnesium mean value are
60.2mg/kg, 23.1mg/kg, the effective manganese of soil, copper, zinc, boron mean value be 1.29mg/kg, 0.58mg/kg, 0.61mg/kg,
0.21mg/kg；Available nutrient of soil utilization rate nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium 40%, 18% and 37%, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc, boron soil benefit
Be respectively 28%, 25%, 60%, 8%, 8%, 16% with rate, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium utilization rate be 38%, 23% and
48%, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc, boron utilization rate be respectively 40%, 30%, 33%, 2%, 2%, 8%.Pass through above formula meter
The demand for calculating each nutrients such as eucalyptus nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is as shown in table 4.
Demand (the kg/hm of each nutrient in table raw pine tree fertilizer in 4 October2)
| The age of tree | Nitrogen | Phosphorus | Potassium | Calcium | Magnesium | Manganese | Copper | Zinc | Boron |
| October | 93.78 | 27.01 | 42.91 | 63.87 | 11.06 | 8.34 | 0.41 | 6.41 | 1.61 |
The demand that each nutrient such as pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is calculated according to the above method, in conjunction with nitrogen: five oxidations
Two phosphorus: potassium oxide YN:Yp×2.29:YK× 1.205, which calculate pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide etc., prepares pine
Slow-release fertilizer is set, learns that pine tree slow-release fertilizer matches by calculating are as follows: N:P2O5:K2The proportion of O:Ca:Mg:Mn:Cu:Zn:B is 14:9:
8:10:1.68:1.26:0.06:0.97:0.24。
The pine tree slow-release fertilizer for configuring life in October according to aforementioned proportion is as follows: urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, sulphur
The weight ratio of sour magnesium, manganese chloride, copper sulphate, zinc chloride, Boratex, fulvic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite, coated fertilizer
=150:180:160:140:90:2:0.2:2:13:20:10:20:18, the coated fertilizer as unit of parts by weight, including with
Lower raw material: 25 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of peat, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 25 parts of starch, 4 parts of phosphate, 1.0 parts of oxidant,
0.6 part of crosslinking agent.
The phosphate is dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
The oxidant is sodium hypochlorite.
The crosslinking agent is glyoxal.
The preparation process of the pine tree slow-release fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
S1: by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, copper sulphate, zinc chloride, Boratex,
Fulvic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite are mixed and added into water and stir evenly to obtain homogeneous mixture, and the homogeneous mixture is made
Grain, drying, cooling obtain fertiliser granulates；
S2: being tuned into pulpous state for starch with 20 parts of water, and heating makes system at 43 DEG C, and the pH for adjusting starch slurry is 8.7, then plus
Enter phosphate, oxidant, react 20min at 200r/min, be subsequently added into coupling agent, the reaction was continued under keeping revolving speed constant
16min obtains starch emulsion；Starch emulsion obtained and talcum powder, bentonite, peat, potassium nitrate and 200 parts of water are mixed
Being dried to water content after uniformly at 42 DEG C is 14%, obtains coated fertilizer；
S3: after the coated fertilizer of fertiliser granulates made from step S1 is uniformly wrapped up with coated fertilizer made from step S2
Temperature is that water content is dried at 50 DEG C is 1.6%, obtains pine tree slow-release fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
Using the implantation methods of embodiment 1, the difference is that being applied using certain brand import compound fertilizer 16-16-16
Fertilizer.It should be understood that " 16-16-16 " refers respectively to the nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide.
Essentially identical 200, pine tree of age of tree robust growth, growing way are selected in the same area, are divided into 2 groups, every group 100
, fertilizing method uses embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 respectively, and Fertilizer application amount is consistent, other nursing are identical, persistently use 15 years,
Mean stand height, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the rosin amount of the 10th year and the 15th year every group of pine tree are counted respectively, as a result as shown in the table.
Use embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 respectively by fertilizing method, detection calculates the 10th year and the 15th year every group of pine tree
Mean stand height, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and rosin amount, it is known that the fertilizer of application embodiment 1 is average respectively than the masson pine Tree height growth of comparative example 1
Growth by 10.69%, 12.74%, masson pine diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground balanced growth 11.48%, 18.31%, masson pine rosin amount balanced growth
18.06%, 30.35%, it is seen that implantation methods of the invention are very bright to promoting Growth of Masson Pine development, raising pine resin yield to have
Aobvious facilitation.Therefore, pine tree slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is more obvious to promoting Growth of Masson Pine development to have the effect of.
Two, the result of extraction experiment of Wrapped fertilizer
Pine tree slow-release fertilizer prepared by Example 1,2,3, and Example 1 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer and with polyethylene packet
The fertilizer wrapped up in is immersed in clear water as control, fertilizer dissolution rate therein is detected in different time water sampling, as a result such as following table
It is shown.
As seen from the above table, no Wrapped fertilizer almost all dissolutions at once, show do not have slow releasing function；It is wrapped up with polyethylene
Fertilizer in addition to there is no the fertiliser granulates of environmental sealing (encapsulating) to dissolve initially, almost no longer release fertilizer thereafter；Embodiment
1, the encapsulation rate of the pine tree slow-release fertilizer of 2,3 preparations is higher, and the fertilizer largely encapsulated persistently releases later.
The above content is combine it is specific/further detailed description of the invention for preferred embodiment, cannot
Assert that specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.General technical staff of the technical field of the invention is come
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some replacements or modifications can also be made to the embodiment that these have been described,
And these substitutions or variant all shall be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, including preparation before planting, plantation, precisely apply
Fertilizer, pruning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is characterised in that: the Tree Precise Fertilization, step are included below:
S1: setting alimentation using forest entirely, claims the fresh weight of each organ of whole tree body respectively according to tree root, trunk, branch, leaf,
And a small amount of representative sample is taken respectively according to each organ, claim its fresh weight, dry weight is claimed after then drying to constant weight in an oven, calculates each
The moisture content of organ calculates the biomass dry weight and each device of each organ of normal wood further according to the total fresh weight of each organ and moisture content
The content of the nitrogen of official, phosphorus, potassium；
S2: measurement pine forests soil in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content, in conjunction with nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium utilization rate of fertilizer,
The demand of each nutrient of pine tree Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is calculated separately out according to the following formula；
In formula:
Each nutrient demand amount of Y-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, kg/hm2；
WRoot- tree root biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XRootThe content of-tree root nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WIt is dry- trunk biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XIt is dryThe content of-trunk nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WBranch- branch biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XBranchThe content of-branch nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
WLeaf- leaf biomass dry weight, t/hm2；
XLeafThe content of-leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, each nutrient of potassium, g/kg；
The content of each nutrient of C-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mg/kg；
D-the soil weight, g/cm3；
H-root system depth, cm；
A-forest cover；
The utilization rate of each nutrient of T-the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
Each plant recovery of nutrient of F-Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, %；
S3: pine tree slow-release fertilizer is prepared according to above formula and is applied fertilizer.
2. the implantation methods according to claim 1 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
The fertilizer that Tree Precise Fertilization uses is stated as pine tree slow-release fertilizer, includes following raw material: urea 100-250 as unit of parts by weight
Part, 100-200 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 100-200 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-150 parts of calcium chloride, 50-100 parts of magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride 0-6
Part, 0-3 parts of copper sulphate, 0-5 parts of zinc chloride, 5-15 parts of Boratex, 10-25 parts of fulvic acid, 8-20 parts of water-retaining agent, conditioner
10-30 parts, 5-20 parts of coated fertilizer.
3. the implantation methods according to claim 2 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
4. the implantation methods according to claim 2 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating conditioner is diatomite.
5. the implantation methods according to claim 2 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
Coated fertilizer is stated as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 6-35 parts of talcum powder, 4-12 parts of bentonite, 3-10 parts of peat, nitre
Sour potassium 1.5-5 parts, 12-40 parts of starch, 2-6 parts of phosphate, 0.3-2 parts of oxidant, 0.2-1 parts of crosslinking agent.
6. the implantation methods according to claim 5 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating phosphate is dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
7. the implantation methods according to claim 6 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating oxidant is sodium hypochlorite.
8. the implantation methods according to claim 7 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating crosslinking agent is glyoxal.
9. the implantation methods according to claim 2 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that: institute
The preparation process for the pine tree slow-release fertilizer stated, comprising the following steps:
S1: by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, copper sulphate, zinc chloride, Boratex, yellow corruption
Phytic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite are mixed and added into water and stir evenly to obtain homogeneous mixture, and the homogeneous mixture is granulated, dries
Dry, cooling obtains fertiliser granulates；
S2: starch is tuned into pulpous state with 16-50 parts of water, heating makes system at 40-52 DEG C, adjusts the pH of starch slurry, be then added
Phosphate, oxidant react 12-20min at 200-400r/min, are subsequently added into coupling agent, keep the constant lower continuation of revolving speed
16-30min is reacted, starch emulsion is obtained；By starch emulsion obtained and talcum powder, bentonite, peat, potassium nitrate and 130-
It is 12%-18% that 700 parts of water are dried to water content at 40-55 DEG C after mixing, obtains coated fertilizer；
S3: in temperature after using coated fertilizer made from step S2 uniformly to wrap up the coated fertilizer of fertiliser granulates made from step S1
It is to be dried to water content≤2% at 48-57 DEG C, obtains pine tree slow-release fertilizer.
10. the implantation methods according to claim 9 that the pine tree speed of growth and pine resin yield can be improved, it is characterised in that:
PH described in step S2 is 8.5-10.2.
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