CN109565476A - 使用共享全局存储器储备进行队列保护 - Google Patents

使用共享全局存储器储备进行队列保护 Download PDF

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CN109565476A
CN109565476A CN201780049528.XA CN201780049528A CN109565476A CN 109565476 A CN109565476 A CN 109565476A CN 201780049528 A CN201780049528 A CN 201780049528A CN 109565476 A CN109565476 A CN 109565476A
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threshold value
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CN109565476B (zh
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克里施南·斯巴玛尼
彼得·纽曼
维诺德·弥图拉
乔治斯·阿基斯
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Cisco Technology Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/10Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
    • H04L49/103Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction using a shared central buffer; using a shared memory
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/29Flow control; Congestion control using a combination of thresholds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/30Flow control; Congestion control in combination with information about buffer occupancy at either end or at transit nodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/32Flow control; Congestion control by discarding or delaying data units, e.g. packets or frames
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/10Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
    • H04L49/104Asynchronous transfer mode [ATM] switching fabrics
    • H04L49/105ATM switching elements
    • H04L49/108ATM switching elements using shared central buffer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/30Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
    • H04L49/3036Shared queuing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/90Buffering arrangements
    • H04L49/9005Buffering arrangements using dynamic buffer space allocation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/90Buffering arrangements
    • H04L49/9084Reactions to storage capacity overflow

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本主题技术涉及对网络交换机中的共享缓冲区存储器的管理。提供了这样的系统、方法、和机器可读介质:用于在多个网络队列中的第一网络队列处接收数据分组,确定在网络交换机的共享缓冲区中队列的填充水平是否超过动态队列阈值,以及在共享缓冲区的填充水平超过动态队列阈值的情况下,确定第一网络队列的填充水平是否小于静态队列最小值阈值。

Description

使用共享全局存储器储备进行队列保护
技术领域
本主题技术涉及管理网络交换机中的存储器资源,尤其涉及管理共享存储器网络交换机中的针对多个队列的共享缓冲区存储器。
背景技术
通常使用几种不同的架构来构建分组交换机(例如,IP路由器、ATM交换机和以太网交换机)。一种架构是输出队列(OQ)交换机,它将接收到的分组放置在专用于传出端口的各种队列中。分组被存储在它们各自的队列中,直到轮到它们离开(例如,要被“弹出”)。虽然各种类型的OQ交换机具有不同的优点和缺点,但共享存储器架构是用于构建OQ交换机的最简单技术之一。在一些实现方式中,共享存储器交换机通过将到达交换机的各个输入端口的分组存储到集中式共享缓冲区存储器中来进行操作。当分组离开的时间到来时,它们从共享缓冲区存储器中被读取并被发送到出口线。
存在用于管理共享存储器缓冲区的各种技术。在某些存储器管理解决方案中,网络交换机在缓冲区被过量使用(oversubscribe)时防止任何单个输出队列占用超过指定份额的缓冲区存储器,并且在缓冲区被过少使用(undersubscribe)时允许单个队列的占用超过其份额以处理传入的分组突发。
附图说明
为了描述可以获得本公开的上述和其他优点和特征的方式,将通过参考附图中示出的具体实施例来呈现上面简要描述的对原理的更具体的描述。应理解,这些附图仅描绘了本公开的示例性实施例,因此不应认为是对其范围的限制,本文的原理通过使用附图的附加特征和细节来描述和解释,在附图中:
图1A以图形方式示出了相对于共享存储器网络交换机中的空闲缓冲区存储器的队列占用的示例。
图1B和图1C示出了存储器分配表的示例,该存储器分配表指示各种队列的占用以及用于共享缓冲区存储器的总可用空闲存储器资源。
图2示出了根据本技术的一些方面的用于实现利用全局共享储备的共享缓冲区存储器分配算法的示例流程图。
图3A示出了针对多个队列的队列占用率的示例表,其中该多个队列根据本技术的一些方面来实现全局共享储备存储器管理技术。
图3B以图形方式示出了根据本技术的一些方面,由各个队列使用全局共享储备存储器管理技术分配给共享缓冲区存储器的存储器的示例。
图4示出了示例网络设备。
图5A和图5B示出了示例系统实施例。
具体实施方式
以下详细讨论本公开的各种实施例。虽然讨论了具体实现方式,但应理解,这是仅出于说明目的而进行的。相关领域的技术人员将认识到,在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下,可以使用其他组件和配置。
在独立权利要求中阐述了本发明的各方面,并且在从属权利要求中阐述了优选特征。一个方面的特征可以单独应用于每个方面或者与其他方面组合应用。
概览
管理针对多个队列的共享存储器空间的一个问题是确保活动队列(即,“攻击者队列”)不会占用整个存储器而因此阻止其他队列对缓冲区进行访问。由于有限的缓冲区空间而阻止入队的队列在本文中称为“受害者队列”。在共享存储器交换机中,需要一种算法来防止任何单个队列占用超过其公平分配的共享存储器。在一些存储器管理解决方案中,该算法通过将共享存储器中的未分配/空闲存储器的量乘以参数(例如,“alpha”)来计算动态最大值阈值。通常,alpha的值在0.5和2.0之间。
考虑有单个过量使用队列(alpha被设置为1.0)的情况:系统随队列及空闲存储器都具有相同的大小而稳定,即,队列只能消耗一半的存储器。在有2个过量使用队列的情况下,队列各自具有l/3的存储器并且l/3保持未分配,依此类推到由N个过量使用队列的情况,其中每个队列将有1/(N+1)的存储器并且1/(N+1)将保持未分配。关于图1A更详细地讨论针对多个队列的相对存储器分配的示例。
在一些数据中心部署中,要求缓冲区能够将大数据突发吸收(absorb)到单个队列中(例如,加入(incast)突发吸收)。因此,“alpha”参数(其是可编程的)通常被设置为大于1,通常为9(例如,缓冲区的90%)。通过使用这种设置,很少有攻击者队列/并发突发可以消耗整个缓冲区,并且任何新的传入流量都会被丢弃(例如,尾部丢弃),从而影响受害者队列的吞吐量。
另一种解决方案是为每个队列提供专用存储器分配(例如,最小储备),并且将总可共享缓冲区空间减少所有最小储备的总和。根据实现方式,这可能导致创建出缓冲区存储器的不被有效使用的一部分。另外,储备的缓冲区空间的量是所需端口数和服务等级数的函数,因此随着端口数/服务数增高(scale),专用存储器分配变得越来越可能耗尽可用存储器。
描述
本主题技术的各方面通过提供存储器管理系统、方法和计算机可执行指令来解决上述问题,这些系统、方法和指令利用共享缓冲区存储器来辅助分组存储。具体地,所公开的技术提供了一种分组入队方法,该方法要求在所接收的分组可以入队之前的某些先决条件。在一些方面,对分组是否入队的判定首先基于共享缓冲区存储器的填充水平。也就是说,如果共享缓冲区存储器中的队列占用率低于预定的动态队列阈值(例如,“动态队列最大值”或“动态队列MAX”),则分组入队。
替代地,在共享缓冲区中的队列占用率超过动态队列最大值阈值的情况下,可以在分组入队(或被丢弃)之前验证其他条件。如下面进一步详细讨论的,如果共享缓冲区存储器中的队列的填充水平超过动态队列最大值阈值,则可以将所涉及的队列的占用率与静态队列阈值(例如,“静态队列最小值”或“静态队列MIN”)进行比较以确定分组是否仍然可以入队。
如本文所使用的,动态队列最大值是指整个共享缓冲区存储器的共享缓冲区占用率的度量。因此,动态队列最大值可以被理解为缓冲区中的总空闲/可用存储器的函数。如下面进一步详细讨论的,静态队列最小值阈值是与共享缓冲区中的被分配供受害者队列使用的最小存储器量相关的阈值。
图1A以图形方式示出了相对于网络交换机中的空闲共享缓冲区存储器分配的队列占用率水平的示例。例如,共享缓冲区102示出了一个示例,在该示例中,共享缓冲区占用率被最大地分配在总存储器容量的1/2处,即,对于其中alpha=1.0的单个队列。共享缓冲区104示出了针对两个总队列的总缓冲区分配的示例,其中每个队列的相应共享缓冲区存储器分配是总缓冲区大小的1/3。类似地,共享缓冲区106示出了针对N个总队列的共享缓冲区分配的示例。
图1B示出了示例存储器分配表108,其指示了多个队列的占用率以及共享缓冲区的总空闲存储器。
具体地,图1B的示例示出了存储器管理方案,其中允许任何队列占用整个共享缓冲区存储器。如表108所示,该存储器管理方法可能是有问题的,因为攻击者队列可以快速利用整个共享存储器空间,从而停止受害者队列使附加传入分组入队的能力。
举例来说,表108示出了多个队列(即,Q0、Q1和Q2)的各种占用率水平,使得允许任何单独的队列利用所有可用的空闲存储器。例如,在时间=T5处展现了这种情况,其中Q0和Q1分别占用总存储器的90%和9%(剩余1%的总空闲存储器)。
图1C示出了指示使用存储器管理技术的多个队列的占用率的示例存储器分配表110,其中该存储器管理技术采用每个相应队列的专用“最小储备”。如上所述,由于即使在别处需要存储器资源时一定量的共享缓冲区存储器也可能持久地为非活动队列进行储备这一事实,这样的解决方案也可能是次优的。例如,通过使用图1C所描绘的每队列存储器储备技术(例如,alpha=9),共有25%的总缓冲区存储器被储备用于各种队列。
作为示例,表110在时间=T7处展现了这种情况,其中Q0占用率为69(例如,共享缓冲区大小的69%),并且Q1占用率为8(例如,共享缓冲区大小的8%),然而,动态队列最大值=0,这表示空闲存储器(例如,总空闲=23)不再可用于其他攻击者队列。因此,在这种情况下,如果所有受害者队列都未被使用,则共有23%的共享缓冲区存储器未分配。
如上所述,本主题技术的各方面通过提供共享缓冲区存储器来解决传统缓冲区存储器管理技术的前述限制,在该共享缓冲区存储器中,分组入队取决于对各种条件的验证,例如与以下各项有关:共享缓冲区的填充水平(例如,动态队列最大值阈值)以及对涉及的队列的填充水平与跟缓冲区资源的储备分配相关的阈值(例如,静态队列最小值阈值)之间的比较。
图2示出了用于实现用于在网络交换机中分配共享缓冲区存储器的方法200的示例流程图。方法200开始于步骤202,在该步骤中,确定在网络交换机的共享缓冲区中是否存在任何可用(未分配的)存储器。如果确定没有空闲存储器可用,则方法200进行到步骤204,并且丢弃任何新到达的分组。
替代地,如果确定共享缓冲区存储器包含未分配的空间,则方法200进行到步骤206,在该步骤中,确定共享缓冲区存储器中是否有任何共享缓冲区空间可用。
如果在步骤206中确定共享缓冲区中没有存储器可用,则方法200进行到步骤208,在该步骤中,确定涉及的队列的占用率是否低于预定静态队列最小值(例如,“静态队列MIN”阈值),如上所述。在一些方面,静态队列MIN阈值是用于定义最小值阈值的预定阈值,高于该阈值,来自涉及的队列的接收到的数据/分组不能被接受进入共享缓冲区存储器。如此,如果在步骤208中确定涉及的队列占用率不小于静态队列最小值,则方法200进行到步骤204并且将传入的(一个或多个)分组丢弃。
替代地,如果在步骤208中确定涉及的队列占用率小于静态队列MIN阈值,则方法200进行到步骤212,并且将来自涉及的队列的数据存储在共享缓冲区存储器的“储备部分”中。本文应理解的是,缓冲区存储器的储备部分(或“全局储备”)是指共享缓冲区中的存储器空间的逻辑分配。然而,存储器的全局储备部分不必是物理上不同的存储器空间(例如,与共享存储器缓冲区中的各种其他区域分开的存储器空间)。
返回参考步骤206,如果确定共享存储器空间是可用的,则方法200进行到步骤210,在210中,确定队列占用率是否小于动态队列阈值(例如,“动态队列MAX”)。如本文所使用的,动态队列最大值是定义截止的阈值,高于该阈值,来自攻击者队列的数据不能被允许进入共享缓冲区存储器。因为动态队列最大值是共享缓冲区存储器中未分配的存储器空间的函数,所以在一些方面,动态队列最大值阈值可以被概念化为网络交换机中的每个关联队列的队列活动的函数。
如果在步骤210中确定队列占用率小于动态队列最大值,则方法200进行到步骤212并且将分组存储在缓冲区存储器中。替代地,如果确定队列占用率(例如,队列分配)大于动态队列最大值阈值,则方法200进行到步骤208,在步骤208中,确定涉及的队列占用率是否小于静态队列最小值(参见以上内容)。
通过提供可由占用率水平小于指定占用率水平的任何涉及的队列可用的全局储备缓冲区,主题存储器管理技术允许较不活跃的(受害者)队列在共享缓冲区中进行数据存储,即使在大多数缓冲区存储空间已被攻击者队列填充的情况下也是如此。
图3A示出了实现共享存储器管理技术的多个队列的队列占用率水平的示例表301,如上所述。通过实现上面关于方法200讨论的存储器管理方案,具有(与攻击者队列相比)相对较低吞吐量的受害者队列可以访问共享缓冲区存储器的在其他共享存储器方案中不可用的部分。如表301所示,例如,在时间=T5,受害者队列(Q1)能够占用一定量的总缓冲区存储器(例如,9%),尽管攻击者队列Q1占用了大部分共享缓冲区。关于图3B以图形方式示出了类似的示例。
具体地,图3B示出了根据本主题技术的各方面的使用全局共享储备管理技术针对多个队列(例如,第一队列309、第二队列311、和第三队列313)分配存储器303的示例。如图所示,存储器303在逻辑上被分配到动态分配305和全局储备307中。如上所述,动态分配305可以是这样的共享资源:任何攻击者队列都可用,直到该队列的占用率水平达到预定阈值(例如,动态队列最大值)。然而,存储器303的全局储备307保持为低容量队列或受害者队列储备,只要涉及的队列的占用率不超过管理到全局储备的存储的预定阈值(例如,静态队列最小值阈值),如上面关于方法200的步骤208所讨论的。
举例来说,图3B的示例中的缓冲区存储器303的占用率示出了三个不同队列进行的存储。仅在动态分配305内管理与第一队列309有关的数据的存储。在动态分配305和全局储备307之间共享与第二队列311有关的数据的存储,并且与第三队列313相关联的数据仅存储在全局储备307中。
如上所述,首先通过将数据存储到动态分配305来开始存储来自第二队列311的数据,直到对动态分配305的占用被完成为止。在动态分配305达到容量之后,确定第二队列311中的剩余数据是否小于静态队列阈值(这是允许这些数据进入全局储备所必需的)。最后,来自第三队列313的数据(由于动态分配305的填充状态而未被存储到动态分配305)仅被存储到全局储备307中。
通过维持缓冲区存储器303的全局储备307部分,所公开的存储器管理技术提供对受害者队列持续可用的共享缓冲区空间的最小分配。总之,本主题技术的实施例涉及对网络交换机中的共享缓冲区存储器的管理。提供用于进行以下操作的系统、方法和机器可读介质:在多个网络队列中的第一网络队列处接收数据分组,确定网络交换机的共享缓冲区中的队列的填充水平是否超过动态队列阈值,并且在共享缓冲区的填充水平超过动态队列阈值的情况下,确定第一网络队列的填充水平是否小于静态队列最小值阈值。
示例设备
图4示出了适用于高可用性和故障转移的示例网络设备410。网络设备410包括主中央处理单元(CPU)462、接口468、和总线415(例如,PCI总线)。当在适当的软件或固件的控制下动作时,CPU 462负责执行分组管理、错误检测、和/或路由功能。CPU 462优选地在包括操作系统和任何适当的应用软件的软件的控制下完成所有这些功能。CPU 462可以包括一个或多个处理器463,例如来自Motorola系列微处理器或MIPS微处理器系列的处理器。在替代实施例中,处理器463是专门设计的硬件,用于控制路由器410的操作。在特定实施例中,存储器461(例如,非易失性RAM和/或ROM)也形成CPU 462的一部分。然而,有许多不同的存储器可以耦合到系统的方式。
接口468通常被提供为接口卡(有时被称为“线卡”)。通常,它们控制通过网络的对数据分组的发送和接收,并且有时支持与路由器410一起使用的其他外围设备。可以提供的接口包括以太网接口、帧中继接口、电缆接口、DSL接口、令牌环接口等。另外,可以提供各种非常高速的接口,例如,快速令牌环接口、无线接口、以太网接口、千兆以太网接口、ATM接口、HSSI接口、POS接口、FDDI接口等。通常,这些接口可以包括适合与适当介质通信的端口。它们在某些情况下还可能包括独立的处理器,并且在某些情况下还包括易失性RAM。独立处理器可以控制诸如分组交换、介质控制和管理之类的通信密集型任务。通过为通信密集型任务提供单独的处理器,这些接口允许主微处理器462有效地执行路由计算、网络诊断、安全功能等。
尽管图4中所示的系统是本发明的一个特定网络设备,它决不是可以在其上实现本发明的唯一网络设备架构。例如,经常使用具有处理通信以及路由计算等的单个处理器的架构。此外,其他类型的接口和介质也可以与路由器一起使用。
无论网络设备的配置如何,它都可以采用一个或多个存储器或存储器模块(包括存储器461),其被配置为存储用于通用网络操作的程序指令和用于本文所描述的漫游、路由优化、和路由功能的机制。例如,程序指令可以控制操作系统和/或一个或多个应用的操作。一个或多个存储器还可以被配置为存储诸如移动绑定、注册、和关联表等之类的表。
图5A和图5B示出了示例系统实施例。在实施本技术时,更合适的实施例对于本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。本领域普通技术人员还将容易理解,其他系统实施例也是可能的。
图5A示出了传统系统总线计算系统架构500,其中,系统的组件使用总线505彼此电通信。示例性系统500包括处理单元(CPU或处理器)510和系统总线505,该系统总线将包括系统存储器515的各种系统组件(例如,只读存储器(ROM)520和随机存取存储器(RAM)525)耦合到处理器510。系统500可以包括与处理器510直接连接、紧邻或作为处理器的一部分集成的高速存储器的缓存。系统500可以将数据从存储器515和/或存储设备530复制到缓存512,以供处理器510进行快速访问。以这种方式,缓存可以提供关于避免处理器510在等待数据时延迟方面的性能提升。这些和其他模块可以控制或可以被配置为控制处理器510以执行各种动作。其他系统存储器515也可供使用。存储器515可包括具有不同性能特性的多种不同类型的存储器。处理器510可以包括被配置为控制处理器510的任何通用处理器和硬件模块或软件模块(例如,存储在存储设备530中的模块1 532、模块2 534、和模块3 536)以及其中软件指令被并入实际的处理器设计中的专用处理器。处理器510可以基本上是完全独立的计算系统,包含多个核或处理器、总线、存储器控制器、缓存等。多核处理器可以是对称的或非对称的。
为了实现与计算设备500的用户交互,输入设备545可以表示任何数量的输入机构,诸如用于语音的麦克风、用于手势或图形输入的触敏屏、键盘、鼠标、动作输入、语音等。输出设备535也可以是本领域技术人员所熟知的多种输出机构中的一种或多种。在一些情况下,多模式系统可以使用户能够提供多种类型的输入以与计算设备500通信。通信接口540通常可以掌控和管理用户输入和系统输出。对任何特定硬件布置进行操作并没有限制,因此这里的基本特征可以很容易地随着硬件或固件布置的研发被经改进的硬件或固件布置所代替。
存储设备530是非易失性存储器,并且可以是硬盘或能够存储可由计算机访问的数据的其他类型的计算机可读介质(例如,磁带盒、闪存卡、固态存储器设备、数字通用盘、卡盘(cartridge)、随机存取存储器(RAM)525、只读存储器(ROM)520、以及它们的组合)。
存储设备530可以包括用于控制处理器510的软件模块532、534、536。其他硬件或软件模块被预计到。存储设备530可被连接到系统总线505。在一个方面,执行特定功能的硬件模块可以包括与必要的硬件组件(例如,处理器510、总线505、显示器535等)相关地存储在计算机可读介质中的软件组件,以用于执行功能。
图5B示出了具有芯片组架构的示例计算机系统550,该芯片组架构可用于执行所描述的方法以及生成和呈现图形用户界面(GUI)。计算机系统550是可用于实现所公开的技术的计算机硬件、软件、和固件的示例。系统550可以包括处理器555,其表示能够执行被配置为执行所标识的计算的软件、固件、和硬件的任何数目的物理和/或逻辑上不同的资源。处理器555可以与芯片组560通信,该芯片组可以控制到处理器555的输入和来自处理器555的输出。在该示例中,芯片组560将信息输出到输出设备565(例如,显示器),并且可以将信息读取和写入存储设备570,该存储设备可以包括例如磁介质和固态介质。芯片组560还可以从RAM 575读取数据并将数据写入RAM 575。可以提供用于与各种用户接口组件585相接口的桥接器580,用于与芯片组560相接口。这样的用户接口组件585可以包括键盘、麦克风、触摸检测及处理电路、诸如鼠标之类的指示设备等。通常,系统550的输入可以来自由机器生成和/或由人类生成的各种源中的任何一种。
芯片组560还可以与可具有不同物理接口的一个或多个通信接口590相接口。这种通信接口可以包括用于有线和无线局域网、用于宽带无线网络、以及个人区域网络的接口。用于生成、显示和使用本文公开的GUI的方法的一些应用可以包括通过物理接口来接收有序数据集,或者可以通过处理器555分析存储在存储装置570或575中的数据而由机器本身生成。此外,机器可以经由用户接口组件585从用户接收输入,并通过使用处理器555解释这些输入来执行适当的功能,例如浏览功能。
可以理解,示例系统500和550可以具有一个以上的处理器510,或者可以是联网在一起以提供更大的处理能力的计算设备的群组或集群的一部分。
为了解释清楚的目的,在一些实例中,本技术可以被呈现为包括各个功能块,包括包含有以下各项的功能块:设备、设备组件、以软件或硬件及软件的组合体现的方法中的步骤或例程。
在一些实施例中,计算机可读存储设备、介质、和存储器可以包括包含比特流等的有线或无线信号。然而,当被提到时,非暂态计算机可读存储介质明确地排除诸如能量、载波信号、电磁波、和信号本身之类的介质。
可以使用存储在计算机可读介质中或能够以其他方式从计算机可读介质获得的计算机可执行指令来实现根据上述示例的方法。这样的指令可以包括例如引起或以其他方式配置通用计算机、专用计算机、或专用处理设备以执行特定功能或功能组的指令和数据。所使用的部分计算机资源可通过网络访问。计算机可执行指令可以是例如二进制文件、中间格式指令(诸如,汇编语言、固件、或源代码)。可用于存储指令、所使用的信息、和/或在根据所描述的示例的方法期间创建的信息的计算机可读介质的示例包括磁盘或光盘、闪存、设有非易失性存储器的USB设备、联网存储设备等。
实现根据这些公开内容的方法的设备可以包括硬件、固件和/或软件,并且可以采用各种规格中的任何一种。这样的规格的典型示例包括膝上型计算机、智能电话、小型个人计算机、个人数字助理、机架设备、独立设备等。本文所描述的功能也可以体现在外围设备或附属卡中。作为另一示例,这样的功能还可在不同芯片的电路板上实现,或者在单个设备中执行的不同处理中实现。
指令、用于传送这些指令的介质、用于执行它们的计算资源、以及用于支持这样的计算资源的其他结构是用于提供这些公开内容中描述的功能的装置。
尽管使用各种示例和其他信息来解释所附权利要求范围内的各个方面,但是不应基于这些示例中的特定特征或布置来暗示权利要求的限制,因为普通技术人员中的一个将能够使用这些示例来推导出各种实现方式。此外,尽管可能已经用特定于结构特征和/或方法步骤的示例的语言描述了一些主题,但是应理解,所附权利要求中定义的主题不必限于这些描述的特征或动作。例如,这样的功能可以不同地分布或者在除了本文标识的那些组件之外的组件中执行。而是,所公开的特征和步骤被公开为在所附权利要求范围内的系统和方法的组件的示例。此外,叙述集合中的“至少一个”的权利要求语言指示该集合中的一个成员或该集合的多个成员满足该项权利要求。

Claims (23)

1.一种管理网络交换机中的存储器的方法,所述方法包括:
在多个网络队列中的第一网络队列处接收数据分组;
确定在所述网络交换机的共享缓冲区中所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否超过动态队列阈值;以及
在所述第一网络队列的填充水平超过所述动态队列阈值的情况下,确定所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否小于静态队列最小值阈值。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平小于所述静态队列最小值阈值,则使得所述数据分组入队到共享缓冲区存储器中。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平大于所述静态队列最小值阈值,则丢弃所述数据分组。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平超过所述动态队列阈值和静态最小值阈值,则丢弃所述数据分组。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述动态队列阈值基于所述共享缓冲区中的未分配的存储器的量。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述动态队列阈值是所述多个网络队列中的每个相应网络队列的填充水平的函数。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述静态队列最小值阈值是用户定义的值。
8.一种共享存储器网络交换机,包括:
至少一个处理器;
共享缓冲区存储器,所述共享缓冲区存储器包括动态存储器分配和储备存储器分配;以及
存储器设备,存储有指令,所述指令在由所述至少一个处理器执行时使得所述至少一个处理器执行包括以下各项的操作:
在多个网络队列中的第一网络队列处接收数据分组;
确定所述网络交换机的共享缓冲区中所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否超过动态队列阈值;以及
在所述共享缓冲区中的所述第一网络队列的填充水平超过所述动态队列阈值的情况下,确定所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否小于静态队列最小值阈值。
9.根据权利要求8所述的共享存储器网络交换机,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平小于所述静态队列最小值阈值,则使得所述数据分组入队到所述共享缓冲区中。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的共享存储器网络交换机,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平大于所述静态队列最小值阈值,则丢弃所述数据分组。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的共享存储器网络交换机,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平超过所述动态队列阈值和静态最小值阈值,则丢弃所述数据分组。
12.根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的共享存储器网络交换机,其中,所述动态队列阈值基于所述共享缓冲区中的未分配的存储器的量。
13.根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的共享存储器网络交换机,其中,所述动态队列阈值是所述多个网络队列中的每个相应网络队列的填充水平的函数。
14.根据权利要求8至13中任一项所述的共享存储器网络交换机,其中,所述静态队列最小值阈值是用户定义的值。
15.一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质,包括存储在其中的指令,所述指令在由一个或多个处理器执行时,使得所述处理器执行包括以下各项的操作:
在多个网络队列中的第一网络队列处接收数据分组;
确定在所述网络交换机的共享缓冲区中所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否超过动态队列阈值;以及
在所述共享缓冲区中的所述第一网络队列的填充水平超过所述动态队列阈值的情况下,确定所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否小于静态队列最小值阈值。
16.根据权利要求15所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平小于所述静态队列最小值阈值,则使得所述数据分组入队到所述共享缓冲区中。
17.根据权利要求15或16所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平大于所述静态队列最小值阈值,则丢弃所述数据分组。
18.根据权利要求15至17中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,还包括:
如果所述第一网络队列的填充水平超过所述动态队列阈值和静态最小值阈值,则丢弃所述数据分组。
19.根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其中,所述动态队列阈值基于所述共享缓冲区中的未分配的存储器的量。
20.根据权利要求15至19中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其中,所述动态队列阈值是所述多个网络队列中的每个相应网络队列的填充水平的函数。
21.一种用于管理网络交换机中的存储器的设备,所述设备包括:
用于在多个网络队列中的第一网络队列处接收数据分组的装置;
用于确定在所述网络交换机的共享缓冲区中所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否超过动态队列阈值的装置;以及
用于在所述第一网络队列的填充水平超过所述动态队列阈值的情况下确定所述第一网络队列的填充水平是否小于静态队列最小值阈值的装置。
22.根据权利要求21所述的设备,还包括用于实现根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法的装置。
23.一种在有形计算机可读介质上编码的计算机程序、计算机程序产品、或逻辑,包括用于实现根据权利要求8至14中任一项所述的方法的指令。
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