CN109557590B - Direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage - Google Patents
Direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage Download PDFInfo
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- CN109557590B CN109557590B CN201811454453.6A CN201811454453A CN109557590B CN 109557590 B CN109557590 B CN 109557590B CN 201811454453 A CN201811454453 A CN 201811454453A CN 109557590 B CN109557590 B CN 109557590B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/02—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with propagation of electric current
- G01V3/04—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with propagation of electric current using dc
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/088—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices operating with electric fields
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage, which comprises the following steps: a focusing transmitting electrode capable of moving up and down is placed in a transmitting hole on the outer side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving electrode array is fixedly placed in an observation hole on the outer side of the waterproof curtain; a loop electrode which can move up and down is arranged in a precipitation hole on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, a receiving electrode array is fixedly arranged in an observation hole on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving plane formed by an electrode distribution array is fixedly arranged on the ground on the inner side of the waterproof curtain; moving a loop electrode in a water dropping hole on the inner side of the waterproof curtain to measure; moving a focusing emission electrode in an emission hole at the outer side of the waterproof curtain to measure; the potential signals are processed in a computer. The invention realizes the definite judgment of the existence of the leakage position and carries out relatively rough positioning on the leakage position, thereby providing a basis for carrying out precautionary measures in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special leakage detection of seepage-stopping walls and waterproof curtains in underground foundations and underground structures in the early stage of construction of ground engineering, and particularly relates to a direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage.
Background
The leakage detection of the seepage interception wall, the waterproof curtain and the conjoined wall does not have an effective method at present, and the main reason is that the existing direct current method measuring instrument adopts a point electrode, the surface area of the electrode is small, the emitted current is small, the excited potential is in spherical distribution, the measured potential is a volume average result, the spatial resolution is low, and the requirements of the leakage detection on the spatial resolution and the precision cannot be met. A drilling electrode transmitting and ground integral receiving mode is designed aiming at the specific situation of leakage detection abroad. But in the actual use process, the following are found: when the wall body is deep, the problems of small original measurement voltage value, inaccurate leakage position positioning and the like occur, and sometimes even whether leakage exists or not can not be judged. In order to effectively detect the wall leakage, the invention changes the excitation mode, adopts the columnar transmitting electrode to focus the current, accurately measures the appointed area, and carries out multi-angle and multi-layer scanning measurement on the appointed area by moving the transmitting electrode and the return electrode. The high-speed acquisition function of the computer is fully used, a large amount of original data acquired on the ground and underground in the process of moving the transmitting electrode and the loop electrode are processed, the measured spatial resolution is ensured, and the requirements of leakage detection on the resolution and the precision are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage. By moving the loop electrode, the flowing direction of the current and the distribution of the electric field are changed, and the multi-angle observation of the leakage position is realized. The initial position of the current is changed by moving the transmitting electrode, so that the scanning observation of the leakage position is realized. The method is characterized in that all potential signals are collected in a mode of combining in-hole receiving and ground plane receiving, the existence of the leakage position is definitely judged by means of digital signal processing and an electric field forward model, the leakage position is roughly positioned, and a basis is provided for precautionary measures in advance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: a focusing transmitting electrode capable of moving up and down is placed in a transmitting hole on the outer side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving electrode array is fixedly placed in an observation hole on the outer side of the waterproof curtain; a loop electrode which can move up and down is arranged in a precipitation hole on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, a receiving electrode array is fixedly arranged in an observation hole on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving plane formed by an electrode distribution array is fixedly arranged on the ground on the inner side of the waterproof curtain;
the focusing emission electrode is in a cylindrical shape and consists of coaxial cylindrical electrodes, each cylindrical electrode in the focusing emission electrode is led out independently, the polarity of each cylindrical electrode is adjusted according to the spatial resolution requirement of a detection object, and the distribution thickness of focusing current excited by the focusing emission electrode in the stratum is adjusted through the adjustment of the polarity;
the second step is that: measuring by loop electrode in water falling hole at inner side of movable waterproof curtain
When the loop electrode moves for one depth, the electrodes in the observation hole, the emission hole and the receiving plane record potential signals once respectively, and after all the potential signals are amplified, the potential signals are subjected to AD conversion to be converted into 24-bit digital quantity which is transmitted to a computer; gradually moving the loop electrode from the bottom of the precipitation hole to the water surface according to the method to finish one-time measurement; putting the return electrode back to the bottom of the precipitation hole;
the third step: measuring by focusing emitter electrode in emitter hole outside movable waterproof curtain
When the focusing emission electrode moves for one depth, the electrodes in the observation hole, the water dropping hole and the receiving plane respectively record one-time potential signals, and after all the potential signals are amplified, the potential signals are subjected to AD conversion to be converted into 24-bit digital quantity which is transmitted to a computer; gradually moving the focusing emission electrode from the bottom of the emission hole to the water surface according to the method to finish one-time measurement; placing the focused emitter electrode back to the bottom of the emitter hole;
the fourth step: processing each potential signal in a computer
(1) The potential of the focusing transmitting electrode is divided by the current to obtain apparent resistivity, the apparent resistivity is a two-dimensional data volume, one dimension is the moving distance of the loop electrode, the other dimension is the moving distance of the focusing transmitting electrode, and the accurate depth of leakage is determined according to the distribution shape of the two-dimensional apparent resistivity; when leakage exists at a certain depth, the apparent resistivity near the position is reduced, and the depth of the cylindrical electrode corresponding to the position with the lowest apparent resistivity is the leakage depth;
(2) drawing a voltage distribution graph measured by a ground receiving plane electrode, wherein a two-dimensional voltage distribution graph is formed by moving and measuring once no matter a loop electrode or a focusing transmitting electrode, and drawing a voltage distribution graph when the two-dimensional voltage is maximum when the loop electrode moves and a maximum voltage value measured when the focusing transmitting electrode moves; the highest potential distribution location in these two figures indicates the leak location;
(3) dividing the potential of each electrode in the observation hole by the emission current to obtain apparent resistivity, taking the moving distance of the focusing emission electrode and the loop electrode as a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate, and searching for the maximum resistivity and the minimum resistivity; and determining the leakage position by taking the depths of the corresponding transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode as the standard when the resistivity is maximum and minimum.
The electrode potential and the emission current of the focusing emission electrode in the emission hole are simultaneously collected.
The invention replaces the existing electrode with the cylindrical electrode, focuses current by adjusting the polarity of each cylindrical electrode, passes through the leakage position with the focused current, and realizes multi-angle scanning of the leakage position by moving the loop electrode and the transmitting electrode. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention changes the electrode from the common electrode to the cylindrical electrode, the contact surface is increased, the grounding resistance is reduced, the same voltage can excite larger current, the emission current is increased, the amplitude of the excited current field is increased, the measurement signal is increased, and the sensitivity is improved.
(2) The invention utilizes a plurality of sections of cylindrical electrodes, and focuses the current into different thicknesses by adjusting the length and the polarity of the electrodes, thereby being beneficial to improving the longitudinal resolution. The location of a small leak can be clearly indicated.
(3) The invention can measure the leakage position in different modes by changing the position of the loop electrode to adjust the current flowing direction, thereby forming a method for measuring the current passing through the leakage position.
(4) The invention realizes the focusing and repeated measurement of the leakage position by moving the transmitting electrode. When the transmitting electrode and the leakage position are positioned at the same depth, the current flows through the leakage position most, the formed electric field changes most, the measuring effect is most obvious, and the sensitivity and the resolution are highest.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an observation system and probe arrangement.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage, which is a direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage in an underground 2-50 m inner wall, and controls the focusing characteristic of emission current by changing the shape of an emission electrode or controlling the polarity and the connection mode of the emission electrode. The current is focused in a certain area, so that a method for measuring the stratum only in the area is formed, the longitudinal resolution is improved, and the leakage position of the wall body is further identified. The leakage position is subjected to multiple multi-angle coverage measurement by changing the placement mode of the loop electrode and moving the loop electrode, and direct-current scanning measurement is performed on the whole wall at different depths by moving the transmitting electrode, so that the accuracy and precision of leakage detection are improved.
The invention relates to a direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage, which comprises the following concrete implementation processes:
the first step is as follows: a focusing transmitting electrode capable of moving up and down is arranged in a transmitting hole on the outer side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving electrode array is fixedly arranged in an observation hole A on the outer side of the waterproof curtain. A loop electrode which can move up and down is placed in a water dropping hole (or a special drilled hole) on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, a receiving electrode array is fixedly placed in an observation hole B on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving plane formed by the electrode distribution array is fixedly placed on the ground on the inner side of the waterproof curtain. As shown in fig. 1.
The focusing emission electrode is in a cylindrical shape and is composed of a plurality of coaxial cylindrical electrodes, and the focusing emission electrode is different from the original single point-shaped electrode. And each cylindrical electrode in the focusing emission electrode is led out independently, the polarity of each cylindrical electrode is adjusted according to the spatial resolution requirement of the detection object, and the distribution thickness of the focusing current excited in the stratum by the focusing emission electrode is adjusted through the adjustment of the polarity. The focusing transmitting electrode is designed into a cylindrical shape, and the other purposes are to increase the current flowing-out area, reduce the input resistance of the stratum, improve the transmitting power and the transmitting current intensity, focus the current in the stratum and improve the detection precision and the spatial resolution. The reference electrode is positioned at a position far away from the inner side of the waterproof curtain.
The second step is that: measuring by loop electrode in water falling hole at inner side of movable waterproof curtain
When the loop electrode moves for one depth, the electrodes in the observation hole, the emission hole and the receiving plane record potential signals once respectively, and after all the potential signals are amplified, the potential signals are subjected to AD conversion to be converted into 24-bit digital quantity which is transmitted to a computer. According to the method, the loop electrode is gradually moved from the bottom of the precipitation hole to the water surface, and one measurement is completed. The return electrode is placed back to the bottom of the precipitation hole. Wherein the electrode potential and emission current of the focusing emission electrode in the emission hole are simultaneously collected.
The third step: measuring by focusing emitter electrode in emitter hole outside movable waterproof curtain
When the focusing emission electrode moves for one depth, the electrodes in the observation hole, the water dropping hole and the receiving plane record potential signals once respectively, and after all the potential signals are amplified, the potential signals are converted into 24-bit digital quantity through AD conversion and transmitted to a computer. According to the method, the focusing emission electrode is gradually moved to the water surface from the bottom of the emission hole, and one measurement is completed. The focused emitter electrode is placed back to the bottom of the emitter hole.
The fourth step: processing each potential signal in a computer
(1) And the potential of the focusing transmitting electrode is divided by the current to obtain apparent resistivity, the apparent resistivity is a two-dimensional data volume, one dimension is the moving distance of the loop electrode, the other dimension is the moving distance of the focusing transmitting electrode, and the accurate depth of the leakage is determined according to the distribution shape of the two-dimensional apparent resistivity. When there is a leak at a certain depth, the apparent resistivity in the vicinity of the position is lowered, and the depth of the cylindrical electrode corresponding to the position with the lowest apparent resistivity is the depth of the leak.
(2) And drawing a voltage distribution graph measured by the ground receiving plane electrode, wherein a two-dimensional voltage distribution graph is formed by measuring once each time the ground receiving plane electrode moves, and drawing the voltage distribution graph when the two-dimensional voltage is maximum when the ground receiving plane electrode moves and the maximum voltage value measured when the ground receiving plane electrode moves (namely, the most obvious response of the potential distribution in each moving measurement process). The highest potential distribution location in these two figures indicates the leak location.
(3) And dividing the potential of each electrode in the observation hole by the emission current to obtain apparent resistivity, and taking the moving distance of the focusing emission electrode and the loop electrode as a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate to search for the maximum resistivity and the minimum resistivity. And determining the leakage position by taking the depths of the corresponding transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode as the standard when the resistivity is maximum and minimum.
And changing the shape and volume of the focusing emission electrode and the control mode of the emission current to focus the current in the stratum and the wall according to the designed focusing mode, wherein if leakage exists, the focusing current flows along the leakage position to form larger electric field distribution on two sides of the wall. By moving the loop electrode, the flowing direction of the current and the distribution of the electric field are changed, and the multi-angle observation of the leakage position is realized. The initial position of the current is changed by moving the focusing emission electrode, so that the scanning observation of the leakage position is realized. All potential signals are collected by adopting an in-hole receiving mode and a ground plane receiving mode, the existence of the leakage position is definitely judged by means of digital signal processing and a forward model of an electric field, and the leakage position is relatively roughly judged
The invention is different from the existing direct current electrical method, in all the existing electrical prospecting methods, the emission current is a point source, the emitted current field is a spherical field, and the detection depth is determined according to the distribution of the spherical field. The emission current of the invention is a rod-shaped source, the current is focused into a plane strip shape, and the detection radius and the resolution are determined by the distribution of the strip current. The general electric prospecting transmitting and receiving are all positioned on the ground, and the focusing transmitting electrode and the loop electrode are both arranged in the underground. And the mobile measurement realizes multi-angle scanning measurement of the leakage position. The invention adopts underground and ground receiving at the same time, and receives useful information in all directions.
While the present invention has been described in terms of its functions and operations with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise functions and operations described above, and that the above-described embodiments are illustrative rather than restrictive, and that various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A direct current focusing fine detection method for wall leakage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: a focusing transmitting electrode capable of moving up and down is arranged in a transmitting hole on the outer side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving electrode array is fixedly arranged in an observation hole A on the outer side of the waterproof curtain; a loop electrode which can move up and down is arranged in a precipitation hole on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, a receiving electrode array is fixedly arranged in an observation hole B on the inner side of the waterproof curtain, and a receiving plane formed by an electrode distribution array is fixedly arranged on the ground on the inner side of the waterproof curtain;
the focusing emission electrode is in a cylindrical shape and consists of coaxial cylindrical electrodes, each cylindrical electrode in the focusing emission electrode is led out independently, the polarity of each cylindrical electrode is adjusted according to the spatial resolution requirement of a detection object, and the distribution thickness of focusing current excited by the focusing emission electrode in the stratum is adjusted through the adjustment of the polarity;
the second step is that: measuring by loop electrode in water falling hole at inner side of movable waterproof curtain
When the loop electrode moves for one depth, the electrodes in the observation hole, the emission hole and the receiving plane record potential signals once respectively, and after all the potential signals are amplified, the potential signals are subjected to AD conversion to be converted into 24-bit digital quantity which is transmitted to a computer; gradually moving the loop electrode from the bottom of the precipitation hole to the water surface according to the method to finish one-time measurement; putting the return electrode back to the bottom of the precipitation hole;
the third step: measuring by focusing emitter electrode in emitter hole outside movable waterproof curtain
When the focusing emission electrode moves for one depth, the electrodes in the observation hole, the water dropping hole and the receiving plane respectively record one-time potential signals, and after all the potential signals are amplified, the potential signals are subjected to AD conversion to be converted into 24-bit digital quantity which is transmitted to a computer; gradually moving the focusing emission electrode from the bottom of the emission hole to the water surface according to the method to finish one-time measurement; placing the focused emitter electrode back to the bottom of the emitter hole;
the fourth step: processing each potential signal in a computer
(1) The potential of the focusing transmitting electrode is divided by the current to obtain apparent resistivity, the apparent resistivity is a two-dimensional data volume, one dimension is the moving distance of the loop electrode, the other dimension is the moving distance of the focusing transmitting electrode, and the accurate depth of leakage is determined according to the distribution shape of the two-dimensional apparent resistivity; when leakage exists at a certain depth, the apparent resistivity near the leakage position is reduced, and the depth of the cylindrical electrode corresponding to the position with the lowest apparent resistivity is the leakage depth;
(2) drawing a voltage distribution graph measured by a ground receiving plane electrode, wherein a two-dimensional voltage distribution graph is formed by moving and measuring once no matter a loop electrode or a focusing transmitting electrode, and drawing a voltage distribution graph when the two-dimensional voltage is maximum when the loop electrode moves and a maximum voltage value measured when the focusing transmitting electrode moves; the highest potential distribution location in these two figures indicates the leak location;
(3) dividing the potential of each electrode in the observation hole by the emission current to obtain apparent resistivity, taking the moving distance of the focusing emission electrode and the loop electrode as a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate, and searching for the maximum resistivity and the minimum resistivity; and determining the leakage position by taking the depths of the corresponding transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode as the standard when the resistivity is maximum and minimum.
2. The method for fine detection of wall leakage by direct current focusing according to claim 1, wherein the electrode potential and the emission current of the focused emitter electrode in the emission hole are collected simultaneously.
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| CN111931262B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2024-02-09 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Physical model device for detecting pit-based enclosure leakage |
| CN110888171A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-03-17 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | Foundation pit support structure leakage hidden danger detection method based on current field method |
| CN111535373A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-14 | 中建六局水利水电建设集团有限公司 | Deep foundation pit water-proof curtain leakage detection method |
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Effective date of registration: 20210308 Address after: 101300 Zhaofeng Town, Shunyi District, Beijing Zhaofeng industrial base 7 Yuan Ying Road Patentee after: Beijing Huahui Detection Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300072 Tianjin City, Nankai District Wei Jin Road No. 92 Patentee before: Tianjin University |