CN106646668B - A kind of method for building up of radar logging standard well model - Google Patents
A kind of method for building up of radar logging standard well model Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G01V20/00—
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for building up of radar logging standard well model, belong to petroleum geology exploration technical field.This method includes：1) configuration of standard well model, long axis extending direction simulated formation depth direction are determined according to the technical indicator of radar logging；2) background media of standard well model is determined；3) one side of artificial wellbore close to standard well model is arranged, and borehole axis direction extends along the length direction of standard well model；4) determine that attribute, size, shape, position, angle and the filled media of objective body in standard well model, objective body are arranged far from the side of artificial wellbore.This method considers the lithology of standard well wellbore, position, size, shape and the distance away from wellbore that objective body is arranged in well, and numerical simulation etc. after model foundation, realize the foundation of radar logging standard well model, performance for examining radar imagery logger, and calibrating instrument measurement accuracy and adjusting instrument resolution ratio etc., there is good effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum geology exploration technical fields, and in particular to a kind of foundation side of radar logging standard well model
Method.
Background technology
Oil well logging instrument is to know the survey tool for being stored in deep formation space petroleum distribution situation.What well logging obtained
Original measurement value, the well logging original signal as resistivity logging obtains is not reflect the ground of rock directly as unit of mV
Characteristic needs the engineering value that could become reflection stratum physical parameter by accurately converting, simultaneously, it is necessary to ensure same class
The unification of the logger metering of type.Currently, oil well logging instrument mainly realizes this accurate transformation and guarantor with scale method
Demonstrate,prove the consistency of the measurement result between same class logger.
Wherein, using standard well (being also test pit, model well) come carry out logger scale and calibration be that comparison is normal
Method.Test pit is the physical model for the certain lithology of certain hole diameter manually established under experimental conditions, be used for scale and
Demarcate logger.In the prior art, Huadong Geology College Deng Ming fine jades (development of the horizontal model well of apparent resistivity logging and measurement,
Deng Mingqi, Huadong Geology College's journal) establish the total space resistivity logging standard well.Resistivity logging and polarizability
Well logging, is all detected using gradient array and potentiometric electrode system, they have (or the detection half of certain investigative range
Diameter) its investigative range is related with electrode spacing size, the resistivity of electrode system surrounding medium and its distribution.Jilin University's well logging experiment
The electrical method test well of oneself has also been built in room, and structure is similar with Huadong Geology College, only uses half space model.Use sink
Modeling different-thickness, single high resistivity stratum condition.Ground Ground Penetrating Radar has also been devised in Jilin University's model experiment room
Many known models have been buried in sand box model, bottom, and radar surveying is carried out at the top of pond, and antenna used shields for 900MHz
Antenna.
In the prior art, CN2900785Y discloses a kind of movable matural gamma scale well during drilling, including shell, filling
Material, wellbore, shell are metal buckets, and it is fiberglass drum that, which there are suspension hook, wellbore in outside, are located on enclosure axis, outside
Shell and wellbore are formed by the packing material being cast in annular space containing potassium, uranium, thorium ore.The magnitude of the test pit can be direct
It traces to the source to natural gamma API professional standards, and MWD gamma ray tool can be carved together with drill collar in test pit
Degree corrects influence of the drill collar to natural gamma counting rate, meets the needs of MWD gamma ray tool scale.
CN104763415A discloses a kind of Electrical imaging scale gang of wells, includes at least flatly or more than a bite be used for electric imaging logging instrument
Verification and scale test pit, test pit include at least rock module, the instrument via being arranged among rock module；In rock
Include radial gap behind stone module inner wall image.The scale gang of wells passes through the subsequent radial slot of rock module inner wall image
Gap ensures the reflux of measuring signal, to improving imaging precision of the electric imaging logging instrument to image.
Judged using logging technique, analyze near wellbore with the presence or absence of crack, hole and its distribution situation, could accurately recognized
Know, evaluation oil-gas reservoir.Conventional coring charting and geophysical log can provide the information of some rock qualities, but only to well
Eye circumference is with limit range-sensitive.Existing logger radial depth of investigetion is shallow (being less than 3m), and most of logging methods can only survey
Several millimeters of stratum for arriving several meters of ranges of span wellbore, it is difficult to identify construction situation and the distribution of reservoir parameter of well week undisturbed formation
Situation brings certain difficulty for the correct evaluation of reservoir.Since the layout of wellbore is limited, many important geologic features will
It is missed；Although can be unpractical due to economically by increasing wellbore in areal.
Radar logging is a kind of to the rangings such as hole, crack, interception, while can survey the specific of a direction certain distance
Dielectric constant and conductivity logging method, be different from general electromagnetic wave logging.In well logging, radar logging instrument is along well
It is put into shaft bottom now, is above proposed well logging, by wellbore stratum theaomni-directional transmission transient state ultra wide band electromagnetic impulse, utilizing
The transmission characteristic of transient pulse in the earth formation obtains formation information, and then explains well week stratigraphic structure.It has larger diameter
To detection range and relatively high resolution ratio, belongs to logging technique developing direction newer in the world, be that borehole radar is answered
With one of the expansion direction in field.
Investigative range of the borehole radar instrument in crystalline rock can be more than 100m.Other than investigative range, radar can
Up to a hundred repetition detections are carried out in each emphasis depth, pass through the average superposition to these result of detection, the signal-to-noise ratio of instrument
Prodigious raising can be obtained.In practice, pulse is broadband, and resolution ratio may be better than a wavelength.RAMAC systems are come
It says, the wavelength in rock is about 2-5m, thus, many reflection physical efficiencys reach a centimetre class precision.But simultaneously, it is also desirable to thunder
Scale and calibration are carried out up to logger.
The standard well (being also test pit, model well) built both at home and abroad very much, but is limited to conventional logging more, including radioactivity
Well logging (gamma ray log, spectrometry logging, density log, compensated neutron log), acoustic logging, carbon/oxygen log, resistivity
Well logging, cementing quality etc..Currently, can be used for the report of the standard well of radar imagery well logging calibration not yet；With unknown geology
Condition can not examine the reliability of radar logging instrument entirety, validity etc., and about the model test well of radar imagery well logging
Or standard well method for building up is not publicly reported at home and abroad.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for building up of radar logging standard well model, establish and are used for radar logging instrument
The scale of device and the standard well of calibration examine radar logging instrument in relation to the technical indicator in terms of detection.
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of method for building up of radar logging standard well model, includes the following steps：
1) configuration of standard well model, long axis extending direction simulated formation are determined according to the technical indicator of radar logging
Depth direction；
2) background media of standard well model is determined；
3) artificial wellbore is set on standard well model, and the one side of artificial wellbore close to standard well model is arranged, borehole axis
Direction extends along the length direction of standard well model；
4) determine the attribute of the objective body in standard well model for radar logging instrument calibration and calibration, size, shape,
Position, angle and filled media, the objective body are arranged far from the side of artificial wellbore.
In step 1), the configuration of standard well model is three-dimensional box-structure, and length ensures the depth of radar logging instrument
Degree record point mobile at least 10m in artificial wellbore relative to target physical efficiency；Width is visited not less than the maximum of radar logging instrument
Ranging from.Preferably, the length of standard well model should ensure that depth registration point the having relative to objective body of radar logging instrument
It imitates displacement distance and is more than 25m.In general, displacement distance is longer, be more conducive to target acquisition.
The length of the standard well model is 30m, from the laying objective body from well head 5m to 25m.
The width of the standard well model is 7.5m；The distance of the one side of its immediate standard well model of artificial wellbore
For 0.5m.The plan of establishment can meet the requirement of radar logging instrument maximum detectable range 7m.
The artificial wellbore uses the high strength glass steel pipe of internal diameter 20cm, it is desirable that can inject drilling mud.
The height of the standard well model is set to 3m.The setting of height meets structural stability and data acquisition stability i.e.
It can.
Be arranged standard well model appearance and size when, should fully consider floor space, difficulty of construction and filling raw material at
This etc., using the minimum value for meeting above-mentioned size requirement.
The background media of the standard well model is limestone.Dielectric constant and conductivity are carried out to limestone and concrete
Test, background media need to meet experiment condition needs.
The standard well model level is placed, and long axis direction is horizontally extending；The borehole axis of artificial wellbore from well head to
Shaft bottom tilts gradually downward.The borehole axis of artificial wellbore and horizontal direction have certain angle, and from well head to shaft bottom gradually to
Lower inclination facilitates radar logging instrument to enter artificial wellbore.
The borehole axis of artificial wellbore often extends 10m, and 0.2m is tilted down on vertical direction.
In step 4), the determination method of objective body is：
According to radar logging instrument calibration and calibration need multiple and different attributes, size, shape, position, angle are set
With the objective body of filled media, the signal characteristic in the presence of each objective body individualism of simulation test and combination is based on target
Signal interference between body minimizes, and determines the plan of establishment of objective body.
The attribute includes hole, iron plate and crack；The filled media includes water and air.
In the determination method of objective body, the signal characteristic of 9 kinds of situations below simulation test, based on the signal between objective body
Minimum interference determines the plan of establishment of objective body：
1. the combination of simulation background medium and all objective bodies obtains the corresponding signal of all objective bodies；
2. only simulation background medium obtains the reflection signal of each side of standard well model without any objective body；
3. only simulation background medium and minimum aqueous hole, obtain the reflection signal of minimum aqueous hole；
4. only simulation background medium and minimum air hole, obtain the reflection signal of minimum air hole；
5. simulation background medium, minimum aqueous hole and minimum air hole, obtain the reflection signal of two holes；
6. simulation background medium and whole holes, obtain the reflection signal of institute's hole；
7. only simulation background medium and iron plate obtain the reflection signal of iron plate；
8. simulation background medium and the aqueous crack nearest from artificial wellbore, air gaps obtain the reflection letter in two cracks
Number；
9. simulation background medium and the aqueous crack farthest from artificial wellbore, obtain the reflection signal in the crack.
In the plan of establishment for determining objective body, first assume that multiple objective bodies exist, the radial direction of objective body and artificial wellbore
Distance is more than 5m, and objective body minimum dimension reaches 10cm；Carrying out the foundation that objective body is deleted and adjusted according to analog signal is：It is logical
Simulation calculation is crossed to want to realize the technical indicators such as detection range, resolution ratio.
Currently, radar imagery logging system can carry out investigation and prospecting in the open hole well of 2000m, radial detection range is big
In 5m, can the circumocular hole group of detecting shaft, crack area, geological fault and rock stratum interface, and can be to well week earth formation
It is imaged.
The method for building up of the radar logging standard well model of the present invention, considers the lithology of standard well wellbore, well
The related contents such as numerical simulation, real after the position of middle objective body arrangement, size, shape and distance and model foundation away from wellbore
The foundation for having showed radar logging standard well model, performance and calibrating instrument for examining radar imagery logger measure
Precision and adjusting instrument resolution ratio etc. have good effect.
The method for building up of the radar logging standard well model of the present invention, it is contemplated that surrounding medium, different attribute objective body are (such as
Size, shape, distance, position and angle etc.), provide technical basis for correct evaluation reservoir hydrocarbons construction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional model diagram of the standard well model of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the analog result of all objective bodies；
Fig. 3 for no objective body analog result；
Fig. 4 is the analog result of only hole 1；
Fig. 5 is the analog result of only hole 2；
Fig. 6 is the analog result of only hole 1 and hole 2；
Fig. 7 is the analog result of only hole 1, hole 2, hole 3, hole 4；
Fig. 8 is the analog result of only iron plate；
Fig. 9 is the analog result in only crack 1 and crack 2；
Figure 10 is the analog result in only crack 3；
Figure 11 is the practice of construction figure of the final gained radar logging standard well of embodiment 1.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further illustrated With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The method for building up of the radar logging standard well model of the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) configuration of standard well model, long axis extending direction simulated formation are determined according to the technical indicator of radar logging
Depth direction, specially：
The configuration of setting standard well model is three-dimensional box-structure, is horizontally arranged, length direction prolongs in the horizontal direction
It stretches；
Length ensures that the depth registration point of radar logging instrument moves at least relative to target physical efficiency in artificial wellbore
10m；Its length is set as 30m, from being region for laying objective body from well head 5m to 25m；
Width is 7.5m, meets the requirement of the maximum detectable range 7m of radar logging instrument；
Height is 3m, meets the requirement of structural stability and data acquisition stability；
2) determine that the background media of standard well model is limestone according to geological conditions；
3) artificial wellbore is set on standard well model (the high strength glass steel pipe of internal diameter 20cm, can injects drilling well mud
Slurry), artificial wellbore is arranged close to the right side of standard well model, and the distance of the right side of its immediate standard well model is
0.5m；
The borehole axis direction of artificial wellbore extends along the length direction of standard well model, borehole axis from well head to shaft bottom gradually downward
It tilts, and the borehole axis of artificial wellbore often extends 10m, and 0.2m is tilted down on vertical direction (in i.e. entire standard well model, manually
Wellbore offsets downward 0.6m in the vertical direction from well head to shaft bottom)；
4) determine the attribute of the objective body in standard well model for radar logging instrument calibration and calibration, size, shape,
Position, angle and filled media, the objective body are arranged far from the side of artificial wellbore；
The determination method of objective body is specially：According to radar logging instrument calibration and calibration need multiple and different categories are set
Property, size, shape, position, angle and filled media objective body, each objective body individualism of simulation test and combination exist
When signal characteristic, based between objective body signal interference minimize, determine the plan of establishment of objective body；The attribute includes
Hole, iron plate and crack；The filled media includes water and air.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1,8 different target bodies to be embedded in a left side of artificial wellbore N in standard well model
The certain position of side, upper and lower part, establishes the three-dimensional model diagram of standard well model, and 8 different target bodies are respectively hole 1
(a1), hole 2 (a2), hole 3 (a3), hole 4 (a4), iron plate (b), crack 1 (c1), crack 2 (c2) and crack 3 (c3), tool
Body position and shape are as shown in Figure 1, the background media of the standard well model is limestone M.
The signal characteristic of 9 kinds of situations below simulation test is minimized based on the signal interference between objective body, determines target
The plan of establishment of body：
1. the combination of simulation background medium (limestone) and all objective bodies obtains the corresponding signal of all objective bodies；
Analog result is (surrounding of limestone M is air D) as shown in Figure 2, known to objective body, it can be seen that
The corresponding signal of all objective bodies；But have interference between the signal of each objective body, it is not easy to distinguish in practical situations.
2. only simulation background medium (limestone) obtains the reflection letter of each side of standard well model without any objective body
Number；
Analog result as shown in figure 3, the purpose of the simulation is to show the reflection of each side (upper and lower, left and right), with
And multiple reflections.
3. only simulation background medium (limestone) and minimum aqueous hole (hole 1 (a1)), obtain minimum aqueous hole
Reflect signal；
Analog result is clear that the anti-of small holes as shown in figure 4, in the case where other objective bodies are not present
It penetrates.
4. only simulation background medium (limestone) and minimum air hole (hole 2 (a2)), obtain minimum air hole
Reflect signal；
Analog result is clear that the anti-of small holes as shown in figure 5, in the case where other objective bodies are not present
It penetrates.
5. simulation background medium (limestone), minimum aqueous hole (hole 1 (a1)) and minimum air hole (hole 2
(a2)) the reflection signal of two holes, is obtained；
Analog result is as shown in Figure 6, it can be seen that the reflection of two circular cavities has interference.
6. simulation background medium (limestone) and whole hole (hole 1 (a1), hole 2 (a2), hole 3 (a3), holes 4
(a4)) the reflection signal of institute's hole, is obtained；
Analog result is as shown in Figure 7, it can be seen that the reflection of four holes connects together.
7. only simulation background medium (limestone) and iron plate b obtain the reflection signal of iron plate；
Analog result is as shown in figure 8, be clear that the reflection of iron plate.
8. simulation background medium (limestone) and the aqueous crack (crack 1 (c1)) nearest from artificial wellbore, air gaps
(crack 2 (c2)), obtains the reflection signal in two cracks；
Analog result is as shown in Figure 9, it can be seen that the reflection in crack 1 and crack 2.
9. simulation background medium and the aqueous crack (crack 3 (c3)) farthest from artificial wellbore, obtain the reflection in the crack
Signal.
Analog result is as shown in Figure 10, here it is apparent that the reflection signal in crack.
Since model is whole smaller, the reflection of each side (upper and lower, left and right) can be observed, and generate many more
Subwave causes prodigious interference to echo signal；In addition, when target is single simple, will be clear that compared with complex target signal.
In order to reduce the interference between target, the setting of objective body should not be excessive, and different radar target bodies are embedded in mark
The leftward position of quasi- well model.
By simulation calculation, objective body is too many, there is interference each other, therefore is adjusted to final 6 objective bodies (4 holes
Hole and 2 cracks).
The objective body (4 holes and 2 cracks) of 6 different sizes of selection is placed on different positions, meets radar logging
The requirement in resolution ratio, detection range etc. is tested, while avoiding the interference between objective body in test process again.At this
During a, the signal characteristic in the presence of each objective body individualism of simulation test and combination, based on the letter between objective body
Number minimum interference simultaneously meets radar logging test in the requirement of resolution ratio, detection range etc., determines the setting of objective body
Scheme.
Comprehensive each influence factor finally determines that standard well model is arranged 6 objective bodies, objective body place situation (size,
Position, material) it is shown in Table 1.6 objective bodies used in the practical building course of standard well, as shown in figure 11.
The specific location and shape data table of 1 objective body of table
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for building up of radar logging standard well model, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1) configuration of standard well model, long axis extending direction simulated formation depth are determined according to the technical indicator of radar logging
Direction；
2) background media of standard well model is determined；
3) artificial wellbore is set on standard well model, and the one side of artificial wellbore close to standard well model is arranged, borehole axis direction
Length direction along standard well model extends；
4) it determines in standard well model for the attribute of radar logging instrument calibration and the objective body of calibration, size, shape, position
It sets, angle and filled media, the objective body are arranged far from the side of artificial wellbore；
In step 4), the determination method of objective body is：
It needs that multiple and different attributes, size, shape, position, angle is arranged according to radar logging instrument calibration and calibration and fills out
The objective body of filling medium, each objective body individualism of simulation test and combination in the presence of signal characteristic, based on objective body it
Between signal interference minimize, determine the plan of establishment of objective body.
2. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1), mark
The configuration of quasi- well model is three-dimensional box-structure, and length ensures the depth registration point of radar logging instrument relative to objective body
At least 10m can be moved in artificial wellbore；Width is not less than the maximum detectable range of radar logging instrument.
3. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The standard well mould
The length of type is 30m, from the laying objective body from well head 5m to 25m.
4. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The standard well mould
The width of type is 7.5m；The distance of the one side of its immediate standard well model of artificial wellbore is 0.5m.
5. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The standard well mould
The background media of type is limestone.
6. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The standard well mould
Type is horizontal positioned, and long axis direction is horizontally extending；The borehole axis of artificial wellbore tilts gradually downward from well head to shaft bottom.
7. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The well of artificial wellbore
Axis often extends 10m, and 0.2m is tilted down on vertical direction.
8. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The attribute includes
Hole, iron plate and crack；The filled media includes water and air.
9. the method for building up of radar logging standard well model according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The determination of objective body
In method, the signal characteristic of 9 kinds of situations below simulation test is minimized based on the signal interference between objective body, determines target
The plan of establishment of body：
1. the combination of simulation background medium and all objective bodies obtains the corresponding signal of all objective bodies；
2. only simulation background medium obtains the reflection signal of each side of standard well model without any objective body；
3. only simulation background medium and minimum aqueous hole, obtain the reflection signal of minimum aqueous hole；
4. only simulation background medium and minimum air hole, obtain the reflection signal of minimum air hole；
5. simulation background medium, minimum aqueous hole and minimum air hole, obtain the reflection signal of two holes；
6. simulation background medium and whole holes, obtain the reflection signal of institute's hole；
7. only simulation background medium and iron plate obtain the reflection signal of iron plate；
8. simulation background medium and the aqueous crack nearest from artificial wellbore, air gaps, obtain the reflection signal in two cracks；
9. simulation background medium and the aqueous crack farthest from artificial wellbore, obtain the reflection signal in the crack.
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| US20120192640A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2012-08-02 | Chanh Cao Minh | Borehole Imaging and Formation Evaluation While Drilling |
| CN103821495B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2020-07-21 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Well logging method |
| CN103883320B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2017-06-06 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | With brill time-lapse logging method |
| CN105822296A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-08-03 | 成都创源油气技术开发有限公司 | Acoustic-electric imaging logging instrument |
| CN106054248B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-07-18 | 河海大学 | One kind is based on large-area compact seismic reservoir rock physics inversion method |
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