CN109556775A - A method of monitoring bump risk - Google Patents
A method of monitoring bump risk Download PDFInfo
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- CN109556775A CN109556775A CN201811326590.1A CN201811326590A CN109556775A CN 109556775 A CN109556775 A CN 109556775A CN 201811326590 A CN201811326590 A CN 201811326590A CN 109556775 A CN109556775 A CN 109556775A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0052—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to impact
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Abstract
The application provides a kind of method for monitoring bump risk, and the method for the monitoring bump risk includes: the support earth pressure for monitoring anchor pole and/or anchor cable；According to the anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor cable, the monitoring index for evaluating bump danger classes is determined；According to the monitoring index and different bump danger classes critical indicator relationships, the danger classes of bump is determined.In the embodiment of the present invention, the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable is used to carry out bump risk analysis, the accuracy of bump early warning can be effectively improved.In addition, carrying out bump monitoring by the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable, additional drilling operation and the interference caused by normal driving and actual mining can be avoided, and then improve working efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mining technique field more particularly to a kind of methods for monitoring bump risk.
Background technique
Bump refers to that coal (rock) body around coal mine roadway or working face is produced due to the instantaneous relase of elastic deformation energy
The raw unexpected, dynamic phenomenon that acutely destroys is often accompanied by coal (rock) body instantaneous displacement, dishes out, loud noise and blast etc..It has prominent
Hair property, occur it is previous as without obvious omen, impact process is of short duration, the duration be several seconds to tens seconds.It has very big break
Bad property is one of coal mine disaster.
Currently, common bump area monitoring method for early warning be by around roadway or working face coal (rock) it is internal
It arranges dedicated for carrying out the stress meter of bump monitoring, with the stress of coal (rock) body around real-time monitoring roadway or working face
Variation, still, above-mentioned monitoring scheme can damage coal (rock) body around monitoring roadway or working face, so that the prison of stress meter
It is lower to survey result accuracy.In addition, this stress meter needs to carry out additional punching, normal driving and actual mining can be caused
Interference, influences working efficiency.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of monitoring method that can effectively improve bump early warning accuracy in this field.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of monitoring bump risk is provided
Method and monitoring bump device.
A method of monitoring bump risk, comprising the following steps:
Step S110: the support earth pressure of monitoring anchor pole and/or anchor cable；
Step S120: it according to the anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor pole, determines for evaluating bump risk
Monitoring index；
Step S130: according to the monitoring index, the Hazard rank of monitoring region bump is determined.
Further, method as described above, before step S110, including, it is first determined region is monitored, then basis
Different monitoring regions carries out different parameter early warning, and the danger of monitoring region bump is determined according to the result of parameter early warning
Dangerous grade；The monitoring region includes: plastic zone, elastic region, elastoplasticity boundary.
Further, method as described above, the support earth pressure include: several monitoring section support earth pressures, Mei Gejian
Surveying area's support earth pressure includes several monitoring section support earth pressures, and each monitoring section support earth pressure includes several measuring point group branch
Stress is protected, each measuring point group support earth pressure includes: the support earth pressure that anchor pole and/or anchor cable monitor.
Further, method as described above, the measuring point group support earth pressure include: upper side measuring point group support earth pressure, under
Help measuring point group support earth pressure, roof station group support earth pressure, floor station group support earth pressure, base angle measuring point group support earth pressure, side
One or more measuring point group support earth pressures in the measuring point group support earth pressure of angle.
Further, method as described above, the monitoring index include at least one in following index: stress value refers to
Mark, stress amplification index, stress speedup index；
The stress value index determines according to the following formula:
IMY(t)=YM(t)/YMB
Wherein, IMY(t) the stress value index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, Y are indicatedM(t) indicate t moment anchor pole and/or
The stress value of anchor cable, YMBIndicate anchor pole and/or the standard value that anchor cable index calculates；
The stress amplification index determines according to the following formula:
Wherein, IMF(t) the stress amplification index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, Y are indicatedM(t) indicate t moment anchor pole and/
Or the stress value of anchor cable, YM(0) initial stress values that anchor pole and/or anchor cable index calculate, Y are indicatedMBIndicate anchor pole and/or anchor cable
The standard value that amplification and speedup index calculate, YMF facesIndicate anchor pole and/or the critical stress value that anchor cable stress amplification index calculates；
The stress speedup index determines according to the following formula:
Wherein, IMS(t) t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index, Y are indicatedM(t) indicate t moment anchor pole and/or
The stress value of anchor cable, YM(t1) indicate the stress value of t1 moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, YMBIndicate anchor pole and/or anchor cable amplification and
The standard value that speedup index calculates, YMS facesIndicate anchor pole and/or the critical stress value that anchor cable stress speedup index calculates.
Further, method as described above, described according to the anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor pole, determination is used for
Evaluate the monitoring index of bump risk, comprising:
The monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point or anchor cable measuring point in the monitoring group is determined according to the following formula:
Wherein, IM(t) anchor pole of t moment measuring point group and/or the monitoring index of anchor cable, I are indicatedMY(t) t moment anchor pole is indicated
And/or the stress value index of anchor cable, IMF(t) the stress amplification index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, I are indicatedMS(t) when indicating t
Carve anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index, KMYIndicate the specific gravity factor of stress value index, KMFIndicate stress amplification index
Specific gravity factor, KMSIndicate the specific gravity factor of stress speedup index.
Further, method as described above determines the risk of bump according to the monitoring index, comprising: root
It is used to indicate the warning index of danger classes at least one according to the monitoring index, determines the danger classes of bump.
Further, the support earth pressure of method as described above, the anchor pole and/or anchor pole belongs to the first range, described
First range is used to indicate the effective support range of stress of anchor pole and/or anchor cable.
Further, method as described above, described that the risk of bump is determined according to the monitoring index, packet
It includes: when the support earth pressure of the anchor pole and/or anchor pole is not belonging to the first range, determining that the bump risk is default danger
Dangerous grade, first range are used to indicate the failure range of the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable.
Further, method as described above, after step s 130, further comprising the steps of:
Step S140: output warning information, the warning information are used to indicate the danger classes of bump.
The utility model has the advantages that
In the embodiment of the present invention, the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable is used to carry out bump risk analysis, by
Stress in coal bed in roadway surrounding rock a certain range can have not only been monitored in anchor pole rope stress to change, but also can have been monitored in country rock a certain range
Rock mass stress variation, anchor pole rope stress monitoring is more comprehensive, comprehensive, in addition, supporting starting force, supporting power itself can reflect lane
Road country rock integral strength, therefore, the present invention is using the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable for carrying out bump risk point
Analysis can effectively improve the accuracy of bump early warning.In addition, carrying out impact ground by the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable
Pressure monitoring can be avoided additional drilling operation and interfere to normal driving and actual mining, and then improves work effect
Rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow chart of the method for the monitoring bump risk of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of the monitoring system of the support earth pressure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow chart of the determination method of the measuring point group danger classes of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution below in the present invention carries out clear
Chu is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of method and apparatus of anchor shaft anchor cable combined monitoring early warning bump, energy are proposed
Enough effectively improve the accuracy of bump early warning.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow chart of the method for the monitoring bump risk according to the embodiment of the present application, should
Method can be executed by bump monitoring device or equipment.Method includes the following steps:
S110 monitors the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor pole.
In the embodiment of the present invention, can manufacture independent support earth pressure monitoring product or equipment for monitor anchor pole and/
Or the support earth pressure of anchor cable.
S120, according to the anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor cable, determination refers to for evaluating the monitoring of bump risk
Mark.
Specifically, the present embodiment between nut and pallet by installing during anchor pole and/or anchor cable are installed in tunnel
Mine-used I. S anchor pole (rope) strain gauge monitors anchor pole and/or anchor by Mine-used I. S anchor pole (rope) strain gauge
The support earth pressure of rope；The evaluation or assessment of shock hazard can be judged with the ratio of surrouding rock stress and intensity, anchor pole and/
Or the support earth pressure of anchor pole can reflect surrouding rock stress variation, under given conditions, can assess roadway surrounding rock intensity.Therefore, root
According to the anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor pole, the monitoring index for evaluating bump risk is determined；
S130 determines the risk of bump according to the monitoring index.
Specifically, by warning grades different from setting, (no bump is dangerous, weak bump is dangerous, medium impact
Ground pressure is dangerous and thump presses danger) warning index threshold comparison, according to the Index areas of danger classes where monitoring index
Between, determine the danger classes of monitoring region bump.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable is used to carry out bump risk analysis, by
Stress in coal bed in roadway surrounding rock a certain range can have not only been monitored in anchor pole rope stress to change, but also can have been monitored in country rock a certain range
Rock mass stress variation, anchor pole rope stress monitoring is more comprehensive, comprehensive, in addition, supporting starting force, supporting power itself can reflect lane
Road country rock integral strength, therefore, the present invention is using the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable for carrying out bump risk point
Analysis can effectively improve the accuracy of bump early warning.In addition, carrying out impact ground by the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable
Pressure monitoring can be avoided additional drilling operation and interfere to normal driving and actual mining, and then improves work effect
Rate.
It should be understood that the monitoring index in the present embodiment can be and any can be used for carrying out bump risk analysis
Index, the present invention are not especially limited.For example, it may be being also possible to for reflecting the index of stress for reflecting that stress becomes
The index of change.Mine-used I. S anchor pole (rope) strain gauge is installed between nut and pallet, passes through anchor pole (rope) pressure sensing
It is only a kind of preferred implementation that device, which monitors anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor cable,.The application is without being limited thereto, for example, stress
Sensor may be mounted at other positions, in another example, can also in country rock operation stress monitoring hole, answered for monitoring supporting
Power.Warning index threshold value is only a kind of preferred implementation, it might even be possible to shock hazard etc. is directly indicated with monitoring index
Grade.
Embodiment 2:
The range and specific location impacted due to bump are uncertain, in order to enable monitoring index can be quasi-
True presses carry out risk assessment to impact, can be further improved the accuracy of bump early warning, the present invention is to monitor
Region is that starting point carries out hierarchical partition to the monitoring index determined by support earth pressure.
As shown in Fig. 2, the monitoring index includes three levels: the monitoring index for regional early warning is (for example, heading driver
Make face or stope), the supporting position for the monitoring index of section early warning and for a certain anchor pole and/or anchor cable it is pre-
Alert monitoring index, the i.e. monitoring index include: monitoring group index, monitoring section index and monitoring section index.Wherein, the prison
Surveying area's index includes at least one monitoring section index, which includes at least one monitoring group index, the monitoring
Group index includes at least one measuring point index, which is the monitoring of the monitoring index and/or anchor cable measuring point of anchor pole measuring point
Index.In other words, the monitoring region based on support earth pressure can be divided into three grades, i.e., monitoring section, monitoring section and
Monitoring group.
2 pairs of monitoring sections, monitoring section and monitoring group illustrate with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of the monitoring system based on supporting pressure of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, the monitoring of support earth pressure includes (monitoring section 1 as shown in the figure, monitoring of the monitoring to n monitoring section
Area 2 to monitoring section n), wherein monitoring section 2 includes n monitoring section (monitoring section 1 as shown in the figure, monitoring section 2 to monitoring
Section n), monitoring section 2 include multiple monitoring groups (for example, upper side measuring point group as shown in the figure, lower side measuring point group, roof station
Group, floor station group, base angle measuring point group and side angle measuring point group), roof station group includes that an anchor pole measuring point and an anchor cable are surveyed
Point.
It should be understood that the monitoring system of supporting pressure shown in Fig. 2 is merely illustrative, the embodiment of the present invention is without being limited thereto.
For example, roof station group includes that an anchor pole measuring point and an anchor cable measuring point are merely illustrative, in other embodiments,
Other measuring point groups also may include multiple anchor pole measuring points and/or multiple anchor cable measuring points.
In another example monitoring section 2 includes that multiple monitoring groups are merely illustrative, in other embodiments, other sections can also be with
Including one or more monitoring groups.
In another example measuring point group includes that an anchor pole measuring point and an anchor cable measuring point are merely illustrative, in other embodiments, survey
Point group may include multiple anchor pole measuring points or multiple anchor cable measuring points, alternatively, measuring point group can only include anchor pole measuring point, alternatively,
Measuring point group can only include anchor cable measuring point.
For embodiment 3:(by taking monitoring section 2 as an example, the monitoring index of monitoring section 2 is the maximum of all anchor pole measuring points in it
It is worth the maximum value or average value of perhaps average value or all anchor cable measuring points.)
It can be basic index with the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point in the embodiment of the present invention, and according to
The base values determines monitoring group index, monitoring section index and monitoring section index.
For example, the monitoring group index is that the monitoring index of all anchor pole measuring points and/or anchor cable measuring point is averaged in monitoring group
Value or maximum value.
In another example the monitoring section index is the monitoring index of all anchor pole measuring points and/or anchor cable measuring point in monitoring section
Average value or maximum value.
In another example the monitoring section index is the flat of the monitoring index of all anchor pole measuring points and/or anchor cable measuring point in monitoring section
Mean value or maximum value.
Embodiment 4；
The present embodiment on the basis of above embodiments, can determine according to the following formula in monitoring group anchor pole measuring point or
The monitoring index of anchor cable measuring point:
Wherein, IM(t) anchor pole of t moment measuring point group and/or the monitoring index of anchor cable, I are indicatedMY(t) t moment anchor pole is indicated
And/or the stress value index of anchor cable, IMF(t) the stress amplification index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, I are indicatedMS(t) when indicating t
Carve anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index, KMYIndicate the specific gravity factor of stress value index, KMFIndicate stress amplification index
Specific gravity factor, KMSIndicate the specific gravity factor of stress speedup index.
It should be understood that being surveyed in the embodiment of the present invention with all anchor poles in monitoring section or in monitoring section or monitoring group
The average value or maximum value of the monitoring index of point and/or anchor cable measuring point are that monitoring index is merely illustrative description, and the present invention is real
It is without being limited thereto to apply example.For example, in other embodiments, it can also be using the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point as base
Plinth index, and the early warning based on base values is as a result, determine monitoring group index, monitoring section index and monitoring section index.
Below with reference to table 1 to the embodiment of the present invention to refer to based on the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point
Mark, and the early warning based on base values is as a result, determine that the implementation of monitoring group index illustrates:
The monitoring and warning mode of 1 measuring point group of table
| Anchor pole measuring point early warning | Anchor cable measuring point early warning | Measuring point group index calculates | Warning level |
| It is | It is | It takes large values | According to value early warning |
| It is | It is no | Anchor pole index | According to value early warning |
| It is no | It is | Anchor cable index | According to value early warning |
| It is no | It is no | Average value | According to value early warning |
As shown in table 1, when the early warning of anchor pole measuring point and anchor cable measuring point early warning, anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point can be taken
Monitoring index in maximum value be monitoring group monitoring index.It, can be with when the early warning of anchor pole measuring point and the non-early warning of anchor cable measuring point
Take the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point for the monitoring index of monitoring group.It, can be with when the non-early warning of anchor pole measuring point and anchor cable measuring point early warning
Take the monitoring index of anchor cable measuring point for the monitoring index of monitoring group.It, can when the non-early warning of anchor pole measuring point and the non-early warning of anchor cable measuring point
To take the average value in the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point as the monitoring index of monitoring group.As long as can be realized
The continuous monitoring and storage of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point supporting power, the part for the purpose of the invention to be realized,
Have the beneficial effect that can provide bump early warning or combine other early warning parameters (microseism, drilling hole stress, coal powder quantity of bore,
Sound, electromagnetic radiation etc.) provide bump early warning.The principle that can be realized the beneficial effect is: being based on strength theory, impact ground
The generation of pressure can be differentiated with the relationship of stress and intensity.Because of the complexity of bump generation, multifactor impact, originally
Invention does not do concrete restriction to monitoring index.
It should be understood that table 1 is merely illustrative, the embodiment of the present invention is without being limited thereto, for example, in other embodiments, when anchor pole is surveyed
When the non-early warning of point and the non-early warning of anchor cable measuring point, the maximum value in the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point can be taken to be
The monitoring index of monitoring group.
Similar, it is below with reference to monitoring index with anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point of the table 2 to the embodiment of the present invention
Base values, and the early warning based on base values is as a result, determine that the implementation of monitoring section index is illustrated:
The monitoring and warning mode of 2 monitoring section of table
| Anchor pole measuring point early warning | Anchor cable measuring point early warning | Monitoring section index calculates | Warning level |
| It is | It is | Average value | According to value early warning, limitation rank reduce by 1 grade |
| It is | It is no | Anchor pole index | According to value early warning |
| It is no | It is | Anchor cable index | According to value early warning |
| It is no | It is no | Average value | According to value early warning |
As shown in table 2, when the early warning of anchor pole measuring point and anchor cable measuring point early warning, anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point can be taken
Monitoring index in average value be monitoring section monitoring index.It, can when the early warning of anchor pole measuring point and the non-early warning of anchor cable measuring point
To take the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point as the monitoring index of monitoring section.When the non-early warning of anchor pole measuring point and anchor cable measuring point early warning,
The monitoring index of anchor cable measuring point can be taken for the monitoring index of monitoring section.When the non-early warning of anchor pole measuring point and the non-early warning of anchor cable measuring point
When, can take the average value in the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point is the monitoring index of monitoring section.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, to refer to based on the monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point and/or anchor cable measuring point
Mark, and the early warning based on base values needs base as a result, when determining monitoring group index, monitoring section index and monitoring section index
Monitoring group, monitoring section and the early warning of monitoring section knot are redefined in monitoring group index, monitoring section index and monitoring section index
Fruit.
Further, since the base values of monitoring section design is more, it therefore, can be by monitoring section pair in the embodiment of the present invention
The monitoring index answered is directly disposed as surveying all anchor poles and/or the average value of anchor cable measuring point index in area, and warning level is according to prison
Area's index value is surveyed to divide.
It should also be understood that the terms " monitoring group " and " measuring point group " is often used interchangeably herein.For example, top plate
Measuring point group can become Roof Monitor group, and the embodiment of the present invention is not especially limited.
The support earth pressure monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above in association with Fig. 2, passes through supporting to reach
Stress assess to bump risk and then the purpose of early warning, needs to be constructed and can be accurately reflected based on support earth pressure
The monitoring index of the anchor pole and/or anchor cable in bump danger classes and region.
The monitoring index of the anchor pole of the embodiment of the present invention and/or anchor cable is illustrated below:
Optionally, the monitoring index of the anchor pole and/or anchor cable is related to the drilling of anchor pole and/or anchor cable calculating.
Optionally, the monitoring index of the anchor pole and/or anchor cable includes: the monitoring index of anchor pole and the monitoring index of anchor cable.
Optionally, the monitoring index of the anchor pole and/or anchor cable includes at least one in following index:
Stress value index, stress amplification index, stress speedup index.
The stress value index, stress amplification index and stress of the anchor pole of the embodiment of the present invention and/or anchor cable are increased below
The calculation of fast index illustrates:
Optionally, the stress value index of anchor pole and/or anchor cable can be with are as follows:
IMY(t)=YM(t)/YMB
Wherein, IMY(t) the stress value index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable is indicated.YM(t) indicate t moment anchor pole and/or
The stress value of anchor cable.YMBAnchor pole and/or the standard value that anchor cable index calculates are indicated, for example, the corresponding standard value of anchor pole is anchor
Bar and/or anchor cable yield strength * 1.05, the corresponding standard value of anchor cable are anchor cable yield strength * 0.8.
Optionally, stress amplification index can be calculated according to following formula:
Wherein, IMF(t) the stress amplification index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, Y are indicatedM(t) indicate t moment anchor pole and/
Or the stress value of anchor cable, YM(0) initial stress values that anchor pole and/or anchor cable index calculate are indicated.YMBIndicate anchor pole and/or anchor cable
The standard value that index calculates, for example, the corresponding standard value of anchor pole is anchor pole and/or anchor cable yield strength * 1.05, anchor cable is corresponding
The standard value be anchor cable yield strength * 0.8.YMF facesIndicate anchor pole and/or the limit stress that anchor cable stress amplification index calculates
Value just counts anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress amplification index when that is, only the stress value of anchor pole and/or anchor cable is more than the value
It calculates；Optionally, which is to need in the later period to correct the index with optimization.As an example, the stress amplification of t1 moment to t moment can
To be calculated according to following formula:
Wherein, IMZF(t) anchor pole of t moment and/or the amount of amplification of anchor cable are indicated, single system is can be used as and shows parameter.YM
(t) stress value of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, Y are indicatedM(t1) stress value of t1 moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable is indicated.
Optionally, stress speedup index can be calculated according to following formula:
Wherein, IMS(t) t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index are indicated.YM(t) indicate t moment anchor pole and/or
The stress value of anchor cable.YM(t1) stress value of t1 moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable is indicated.YMBIndicate anchor pole and/or anchor cable index meter
The standard value of calculation, for example, the corresponding standard value of anchor pole is anchor pole and/or anchor cable yield strength * 1.05, the corresponding mark of anchor cable
Quasi- value is anchor cable yield strength * 0.8.
As an example, stress speedup value can be calculated according to following formula:
Wherein, YMSZ(t) indicate that t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress value speedup value, the value do anchor pole and/or anchor cable anchor cable
When stress monitoring early warning bump single system, one of the parameter as displaying.YM(t) t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable are indicated
Stress value.YM(t1) stress value of t1 moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable is indicated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, monitoring device, can be according to the monitoring measuring point data after obtaining monitoring measuring point data
It is automatic to calculate warning index in real time, the warning index being calculated by least one measuring point and corresponding warning grade critical indicator
After comparison, the danger classes of bump is determined.
In other words, which it is dangerous can to carry out bump based on the warning index of at least one monitoring measuring point
Property analysis, wherein the warning index of at least one monitoring measuring point can reflect the danger of burst grade of bump.For example, being used for
Reflect the index without bump danger, for reflecting the warning index of weak bump danger classes, for reflecting medium punching
Press the warning index of danger classes and the warning index for pressing danger classes with reflecting thump with hitting.It is monitoring as a result,
Index can determine that corresponding bump danger classes after exceeding corresponding warning index.
Optionally, the monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be according to the anchor pole at a certain moment and/or the stress of anchor cable
It is worth the comparison result of index and at least one corresponding warning index of stress value index, determines bump danger classes.
Optionally, monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be according to the anchor pole and/or anchor cable in certain time period
Stress value calculates stress amplification index, and is referred to according to the stress amplification index and at least one the corresponding early warning of stress amplification index
Target comparison result determines bump danger classes.
Optionally, monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be according to the anchor pole and/or anchor cable in certain time period
Stress value calculates stress speedup index, and is referred to according to the stress speedup index and at least one the corresponding early warning of stress speedup index
Target comparison result determines bump danger classes.
Optionally, the monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be combined with above-mentioned part or all of embodiment, determine punching
Press danger classes with hitting.
For example, the monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be corresponding extremely in conjunction with the stress value index and stress value index
The comparison result of a few warning index, the stress amplification index and at least one corresponding warning index of stress amplification index
The comparison result of comparison result and the stress speedup index and at least one corresponding warning index of stress speedup index determines
Bump danger classes.
Optionally, in t moment to the period at t1 moment, the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable within a certain range when,
Just anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress amplification index are calculated, i.e. when the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable meets the following conditions
(i.e.: less than critical indicator YMF facesIt does not calculate, i.e., the index is 0, and the weight coefficient of the index is also 0；Greater than standard value YMB, increase
Width index does not calculate, direct early warning.), just the stress amplification index of anchor pole and/or anchor cable is calculated:
[YMF faces, YMB)
IMY(t)=YM(t)/YMB
When anchor cable period inner-stress value meetsWhen, just to anchor cable stress amplification index into
Row calculates, and amplification index isAmplification isThe index
As one of displaying index in anchor shaft anchor cable stress monitoring early warning bump single system.
Wherein, YMF facesIndicate the critical stress value that anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress amplification index calculate, i.e., only anchor pole and/or
When the stress value of anchor cable is more than the value, just anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress amplification index are calculated；Optionally, which is
Later period needs to correct the index with optimization.YMBAnchor pole and/or the standard value that anchor cable index calculates are indicated, for example, anchor pole is corresponding
The standard value is anchor pole and/or anchor cable yield strength * 1.05, and the corresponding standard value of anchor cable is anchor cable yield strength * 0.8.
Optionally, in t moment to the period at t1 moment, the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable within a certain range when,
Just the stress speedup index of anchor pole and/or anchor cable is calculated, i.e. the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable meets the following conditions
When, just the stress speedup index of anchor pole and/or anchor cable is calculated:
[YMS faces, YMB)
Wherein, YMS facesIndicate the critical stress value that anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index calculate, i.e., only anchor pole and/or
When the stress value of anchor cable is more than the value, just anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index are calculated；Optionally, which is
Later period needs to correct the index with optimization.YMBAnchor pole and/or the standard value that anchor cable index calculates are indicated, for example, anchor pole is corresponding
The standard value is anchor pole and/or anchor cable yield strength * 1.05, and the corresponding standard value of anchor cable is anchor cable yield strength * 0.8.
It is assessed above in association with risk of the monitoring index to bump, it is found that the realization of this assessment
Validity based on monitoring index, that is, for reflecting that the support earth pressure of the monitoring index can really reflect by supporting object
Stress condition can not accurately be evaluated only with simple monitoring index but when excessive by supporting object receiving force
The risk of bump, correspondingly, early warning can not be carried out accurately.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the first range is introduced in the embodiment of the present invention, first range is for indicating anchor pole
And/or the failure range of the support earth pressure of anchor cable.Monitoring device is in the support earth pressure category for determining the anchor pole and/or anchor pole as a result,
When the first range, can directly determine the bump risk is default danger classes.
Optionally, which can indicate are as follows:
YM(t)∈[0,YMB0)
YM(t1)∈[0,YMB0)
Wherein, YM(t) stress value of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, Y are indicatedM(t1) t1 moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable are indicated
Stress value.YMB0Indicate the low stress index critical value of anchor pole or anchor cable stress.
Optionally, for anchor cable, the standard value can be anchor cable rupture strength * 0.2, and anchor cable stress thinks anchor lower than the value
Rope failure.
Optionally, for anchor pole, the standard value is anchor pole yield strength * 0.15.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 1, method shown in FIG. 1 may also include that
S140, exports warning information, which is used to indicate the danger classes of bump.
Specifically, the monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be determined and be generated based on determining bump risk
Warning information, the warning information can be used as the output of the display interface of anchor shaft anchor cable stress monitoring early warning bump single system
Information.
Optionally, when which assert measuring point supporting failure, directly
Output warning information is connect, for example, the corresponding warning grade of anchor pole measuring point is IIt is medium, early warning value can be 0.5.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow chart of the determination method of the measuring point group danger classes of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, monitoring device can first determine the affiliated area of measuring point group specifically why region
(plastic zone? elastic region? elastoplasticity is had a common boundary), it is then based on affiliated area and judges measured point group using corresponding monitoring method
Danger classes.For example, carrying out parameter early warning when monitoring device determines the affiliated plastic zone of measuring point group, it is first determined the monitoring of anchor cable
Index, whether there is a situation where stress mutations to judge danger classes for the monitoring index and anchor pole for being then based on anchor cable.
Due to anchor rod anchored section and roadway surrounding rock elastoplasticity intersection, different positional relationships, bump monitoring and warning
Differentiation different (when anchor rod anchored section in elastic region, monitor stress changes that sensibility is high, i.e., monitoring accuracy is high；Work as anchor
Bar anchoring section is in plastic zone, and monitor stress variation sensibility is low, i.e., monitoring accuracy is low).Pass through this subregion, refinement impact
Ground presses danger classes to differentiate, monitoring and warning accuracy can be improved.
Specifically, after roadway excavation, it will form a plastic zone around tunnel, this plastic zone is pushing away with the time
Development is moved, if plastic zone extension radius is greater than rock-bolt length, occurs anchorage point experience elastic region → bullet of anchor pole first
Plasticity boundary → plastic zone, after plastic zone expands to anchor rod anchored section, the sensitivity of anchor stress will be reduced；Similarly, it moulds
If property area continues to extend, anchorage cable anchoring section can also undergo this process, and (under normal condition, plastic zone will not expand to anchor cable
Gu top, anchor cable is longer than anchor pole) generation of bump and surrouding rock stress emergent property and energy storage capacity strong correlation.This three
A area is the division that stress-strain characteristics and energy storage capacity in impact field based on country rock carry out surrounding rock type.
When the non-stress mutation of anchor cable, elastoplasticity (is less than according to Sudden Changing Rate parameter gain coefficient when anchor stress is mutated
Have a common boundary), then according to the monitoring index and index gain coefficient, judge danger classes, it can when the equal stress mutation of anchor cable, anchor pole
Directly to judge danger classes.In another example parameter early warning is carried out when monitoring device determines that the affiliated elastoplasticity of measuring point group is had a common boundary, it is first
The monitoring index for first determining anchor cable, whether there is a situation where stress mutation judgements to endanger for the monitoring index and anchor pole for being then based on anchor cable
Dangerous grade；Specifically, when the non-stress mutation of anchor cable, anchor stress (is greater than when being mutated according to Sudden Changing Rate parameter gain coefficient
Plastic zone), then according to the monitoring index and index gain coefficient, danger classes is judged, when the equal stress mutation of anchor cable, anchor pole
It can directly judge danger classes.In another example carrying out parameter early warning when monitoring device determines the affiliated elastic region of measuring point group, first
It determines anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point monitoring index, is then based on the early warning of anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point monitoring index and is surveyed as a result, determining
The monitoring index of point group；Specifically, when anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point monitoring index reaches early warning, anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point is determined
Monitoring index in maximum value, the danger classes of measuring point group is judged based on the maximum value, when the monitoring of anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point refers to
One determines the maximum value in anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point monitoring index when reaching early warning in mark, judges measuring point based on the maximum value
The danger classes of group determines the monitoring of anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point when anchor cable/anchor pole measuring point monitoring index is not up to early warning
Average value in index judges the danger classes of measuring point group based on the average value.
It should be understood that the mode of the risk judgement of measuring point group is merely illustrative in Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention is without being limited thereto, example
Such as, in other embodiments, which can not be by the direct early warning of early warning parameter, i.e., directly according to the monitoring of measuring point group
Index judges danger classes and then carries out early warning.
Finally it should be noted that the monitoring index as involved in the embodiment of the present invention is more and there are multiple same
The monitoring index of grade, therefore, in order to accurately distinguish each monitoring index.For example, corresponding monitor of each monitoring group refers to
Mark.
It is alternatively possible to each monitoring index addition can distinguishing identifier, for example, measuring point title or number.
For example, the index value for each measuring point group optionally when needing to identify some measuring point group, can add measuring point
The Name & Location (the title setting of measuring point group=measuring point group name+position) of group；Optionally, the calculating of the index is different
Subregion (anchor rod anchored section from Elastic-Plastic Boundary/degenerate region relative positional relationship) calculation is different.
For example, being directed to the index value of some support earth pressure monitoring section of tunnel；Optionally, the monitoring section in tunnel is tentatively ordered
Name mode is tunnel abbreviation+distance and position (moving towards position) or directly numbers that specific naming method can repair at the scene
Just.
For example, being directed to the shock hazard index value in some anchor pole rope stress monitoring region；Optionally, footmark is usually to supervise
Survey the title or working face title in tunnel.
It is also understood that the term used in the embodiment of the present invention and the appended claims is only special merely for description
The purpose for determining embodiment, is not intended to limit the invention embodiment.
For example, the embodiment of the present invention and the "an" of singular used in the attached claims, " described ",
" above-mentioned " and "the" are also intended to including most forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meaning.
Those skilled in the art is it is to be appreciated that list described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
Member and algorithm steps can be realized with the combination of electronic hardware or computer software and electronic hardware.These functions are actually
It is implemented in hardware or software, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.Professional technician
Each specific application can be used different methods to achieve the described function, but this realization is it is not considered that exceed
The range of the embodiment of the present invention.
If be realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and when sold or used as an independent product, can store one
In a computer-readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is substantially right in other words
The part of part or the technical solution that the prior art contributes can be embodied in the form of software products, the calculating
Machine software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment (can be individual
Computer, server or network equipment etc.) execute the method for the embodiment of the present invention all or part of the steps.And it is aforementioned
Storage medium include: that USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic or disk etc. are various can be with
Store the medium of program code.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the system of foregoing description,
The specific work process of device and unit, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein.
In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that disclosed systems, devices and methods, Ke Yitong
Other modes are crossed to realize.
For example, in Installation practice described above unit or module or component division, only a kind of logic function
It can divide, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or module or component can combine or can
It can be ignored with being integrated into another system or some units or module or component, or do not executed.
In another example the above-mentioned units/modules/component illustrated as separation/display unit may or may not be
It is physically separated, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be according to actual
The purpose for needing to select some or all of units/modules/component therein to realize the embodiment of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the mutual coupling or direct-coupling or communication link for above showing or discussing
Connecing can be through some interfaces, the indirect coupling or communication connection of device or unit, can be electrical property, mechanical or other shapes
Formula.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for monitoring bump risk, which comprises the following steps:
Step S110: the support earth pressure of monitoring anchor pole and/or anchor cable；
Step S120: according to the anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor pole, the monitoring for evaluating bump risk is determined
Index；
Step S130: according to the monitoring index, the Hazard rank of monitoring region bump is determined.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein before step S110, including, it is first determined monitoring section
Then domain carries out different parameter early warning according to different monitoring regions, and determines monitoring region according to the result of parameter early warning
The Hazard rank of bump；The monitoring region includes: plastic zone, elastic region, elastoplasticity boundary.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the support earth pressure includes: several monitoring section supportings
Stress, each monitoring section support earth pressure include several monitoring section support earth pressures, if each monitoring section support earth pressure includes
Dry measuring point group support earth pressure, each measuring point group support earth pressure includes: the support earth pressure that anchor pole and/or anchor cable monitor.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the measuring point group support earth pressure includes: upper side measuring point group branch
Protect stress, lower side measuring point group support earth pressure, roof station group support earth pressure, floor station group support earth pressure, base angle measuring point group branch
It protects stress, help one or more measuring point group support earth pressures in angle measuring point group support earth pressure.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the monitoring index include in following index at least
One: stress value index, stress amplification index, stress speedup index；
The stress value index determines according to the following formula:
IMY(t)=YM(t)/YMB
Wherein, IMY(t) the stress value index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, Y are indicatedM(t) t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable are indicated
Stress value, YMBIndicate anchor pole and/or the standard value that anchor cable index calculates；
The stress amplification index determines according to the following formula:
Wherein, IMF(t) the stress amplification index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, Y are indicatedM(t) t moment anchor pole and/or anchor are indicated
The stress value of rope, YM(0) initial stress values that anchor pole and/or anchor cable index calculate, Y are indicatedMBIndicate anchor pole and/or anchor cable amplification
The standard value calculated with speedup index, YMF facesIndicate anchor pole and/or the critical stress value that anchor cable stress amplification index calculates；
The stress speedup index determines according to the following formula:
Wherein, IMS(t) t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index, Y are indicatedM(t) t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable are indicated
Stress value, YM(t1) indicate the stress value of t1 moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, YMBIndicate anchor pole and/or anchor cable amplification and speedup
The standard value that index calculates, YMS facesIndicate anchor pole and/or the critical stress value that anchor cable stress speedup index calculates.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described according to the anchor pole and/or the support earth pressure of anchor pole,
Determine the monitoring index for evaluating bump risk, comprising:
The monitoring index of anchor pole measuring point or anchor cable measuring point in the monitoring group is determined according to the following formula:
Wherein, IM(t) anchor pole of t moment measuring point group and/or the monitoring index of anchor cable, I are indicatedMY(t) indicate t moment anchor pole and/
Or the stress value index of anchor cable, IMF(t) the stress amplification index of t moment anchor pole and/or anchor cable, I are indicatedMS(t) t moment is indicated
Anchor pole and/or anchor cable stress speedup index, KMYIndicate the specific gravity factor of stress value index, KMFIndicate the ratio of stress amplification index
Weight coefficient, KMSIndicate the specific gravity factor of stress speedup index.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the danger for determining bump according to the monitoring index
It is dangerous, comprising: to be used to indicate the warning index of danger classes at least one according to the monitoring index, determine bump
Danger classes.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the support earth pressure of the anchor pole and/or anchor pole belongs to first
Range, first range are used to indicate the effective support range of stress of anchor pole and/or anchor cable.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, determining bump it is characterized in that, described according to the monitoring index
Risk, comprising: when the support earth pressure of the anchor pole and/or anchor pole is not belonging to the first range, determine that the bump is dangerous
Property for default danger classes, first range is used to indicate the failure range of the support earth pressure of anchor pole and/or anchor cable.
10. further comprising the steps of the method according to claim 1, wherein after step s 130:
Step S140: output warning information, the warning information are used to indicate the danger classes of bump.
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