CN109553413B - Textured piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Textured piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN109553413B
CN109553413B CN201910043876.7A CN201910043876A CN109553413B CN 109553413 B CN109553413 B CN 109553413B CN 201910043876 A CN201910043876 A CN 201910043876A CN 109553413 B CN109553413 B CN 109553413B
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piezoelectric ceramic
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陈朗
马晓姿
袁国亮
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to textured piezoelectric ceramic and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the textured piezoelectric ceramic comprises a template crystal material and a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, and the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material directionally grows on the template crystal material; the textured piezoelectric ceramic keeps the characteristic of higher Curie temperature of a lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material body, the Curie temperature is more than or equal to 435 ℃, the texture degree of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is very high and more than or equal to 83%, the performance of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is close to single crystal performance, the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp can reach 0.71 at most, the Kt can reach 0.64 at most, the mechanical quality factor Qm can reach 248 at most, the textured piezoelectric ceramic has higher density, and the density of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is more than or equal to 7.36g/cm3The textured piezoelectric ceramic has a piezoelectric constant up to 1480pC/N, and has a wide prospect in the aspects of piezoelectric sensors, piezoelectric motors and high-precision displacement.

Description

Textured piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of piezoelectric ceramics, in particular to textured piezoelectric ceramics and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The piezoelectric ceramic has a piezoelectric effect, can realize the interconversion between electric energy and mechanical energy, and is widely applied to the fields of medical treatment, aerospace, exploration and the like. In recent years, with rapid development of technology and demands for practical applications, higher demands have been made on ferroelectric curie temperature, piezoelectric constant, and the like of piezoelectric ceramics.
Novel bismuth scandate-lead titanate (BiScO)3-PbTiO3) High temperature piezoceramics exhibit high curie temperatures (T) compared to other lead-based piezoceramic materials (exemplary including lead zirconate titanate piezoceramics, etc.)C450 ℃ C.) and a high piezoelectric constant (d)33450pC/N), is a ceramic material that has great potential and is suitable for use in high temperature environments (r.e. eitel, et al, jpn.j.appl.phys.41,2099 (2002)). Since 2001, the material is discovered for the first time, researchers mostly improve the performance of the material by doping different additives, namely changing components to perform solid phase reaction. However, due to crystal grains and defects, the piezoelectric constant and the curie temperature of the piezoelectric material prepared by the solid-phase reaction method are often in negative correlation, so that the performance of the material is difficult to greatly improve.
CN103936412A discloses a lead niobate stannate-bismuth scandate-lead titanate ternary system high-temperature piezoelectric ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material is represented by the following general formula: 0.05Pb (Sn)1/3Nb2/3)O3-(0.95-x)BiScO3-xPbTiO3Wherein x and 0.95-x in the formula represent PbTiO respectively3And BiScO3The mole percentage of the components, wherein the value of x is 0.60-0.63; the piezoelectric ceramic material passes Pb (Sn)1/3Nb2/3)O3The addition of Sc reduces the production cost, but still has the problems that the Curie temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic is obviously reduced (the Curie temperature is less than 420 ℃), and the piezoelectric performance is insufficient.
CN102180665A discloses a bismuth scandate-lead titanate high-temperature piezoelectric ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps of3-(1-x)PbTiO3And Bi accounting for less than 0.4 percent of the total weight of the matrix2O3The material is prepared by the chemical formula of xBiScO3-(1-x)PbTiO3Raw material Sc in a stoichiometric ratio of2O3、Bi2O3、Pb3O4And TiO2Adding excessive Bi2O3Prepared by the method, wherein the value of x is 0.35-0.38, and excessive Bi2O3The dosage of is xBiScO3-(1-x)PbTiO3The dosage of the piezoelectric ceramic material is 0.1-0.4% of the total weight of the raw materials, and the piezoelectric ceramic material has the problems of low electromechanical coupling coefficient (the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp is less than 0.49) and low piezoelectric constant.
Although the above documents provide some piezoelectric ceramics and methods for preparing the same, the piezoelectric ceramics prepared by the above methods have low texture and are difficult to approach single crystal properties, and thus have the problems of low curie temperature, low electromechanical coupling coefficient and low piezoelectric constant, and therefore, the development of a piezoelectric ceramic having high texture and a method for preparing the same is still significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide textured piezoelectric ceramic and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the textured piezoelectric ceramic comprises a template crystal material and a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, and the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material directionally grows on the template crystal material; the textured piezoelectric ceramic keeps the characteristic of higher Curie temperature of a lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material body, the Curie temperature is more than or equal to 435 ℃, the texture degree of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is very high and more than or equal to 83%, the performance of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is close to single crystal performance, the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp can reach 0.71 at most, the Kt can reach 0.64 at most, the mechanical quality factor Qm can reach 248 at most, the textured piezoelectric ceramic has higher density, and the density of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is more than or equal to 7.36g/cm3The textured piezoelectric ceramic has a piezoelectric constant up to 1480pC/N, and has a wide prospect in the aspects of piezoelectric sensors, piezoelectric motors and high-precision displacement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a textured piezoelectric ceramic, which includes a template crystal material and a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, wherein the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material is directionally grown on the template crystal material.
The template crystal material comprises a material having<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3、NaNbO3Or PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3A mixture of any one or at least two of the above, the mixture illustratively including a mixture of<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3And has<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3Of a mixture of<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3And has<001>In the crystal directionPbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Or a mixture of<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3And has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Mixtures of (a) and (b), and the like.
The general formula of the component of the bismuth scandium titanate base material is xBiScO3-(1-x)PbTiO3And x is BiScO3X is 30% to 40%, such as 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, etc.
In the invention, x represents BiScO in the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material3The molar percentage of the lead titanate is 30-40 percent, and (1-x) is PbTiO in the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material3And a molar percentage of 60-70%, such as 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, or 70%, etc.
The mass of the template crystal material is 5-20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20%.
Preferably, the template crystal material is prepared by a molten salt method.
The textured piezoelectric ceramic comprises a template crystal material and a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, wherein the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material directionally grows on the template crystal material; the existence of the template crystal material improves the texture degree of the piezoelectric ceramic, so that the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic is improved while the characteristic of higher Curie temperature of the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material body is kept.
The textured piezoelectric ceramic keeps the characteristic of higher Curie temperature of a lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material body, the Curie temperature is more than or equal to 435 ℃, the texture degree of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is very high and more than or equal to 83 percent, so that the piezoelectric performance of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is improved, the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp can reach 0.71 to the maximum, the Kt can reach 0.64 to the maximum, the mechanical quality factor Qm can reach 248 to the maximum,and it has higher density which is more than or equal to 7.36g/cm3The piezoelectric constant of the textured piezoelectric ceramic can reach 1480pC/N at most.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the textured piezoelectric ceramic according to the first aspect, wherein the method comprises mixing a bismuth scandate lead titanate base material and a template crystal material to prepare the textured piezoelectric ceramic.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of mixing a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material with a template crystal material, carrying out wet ball milling, mixing with an organic solvent, carrying out casting to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic membrane, laminating the piezoelectric ceramic membrane, carrying out hot pressing, binder removal, isostatic pressing and sintering to obtain the textured piezoelectric ceramic.
Preferably, the sintering temperature is 1000-.
Preferably, the sintering time is 2-6h, such as 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h or 6h, etc., preferably 4 h.
The method comprises the steps of mixing a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material with a template crystal material, carrying out wet ball milling, preparing the mixture to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic membrane, carrying out lamination, hot pressing, glue discharge, isostatic pressing and sintering treatment on the piezoelectric ceramic membrane to obtain the textured piezoelectric ceramic, and adding the template crystal material in the preparation process to ensure that the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material directionally grows on crystal grains of the template crystal material with the crystal orientation of <001>, so that the texture degree of the prepared piezoelectric ceramic is improved, and the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic is improved.
According to the method, a crystal material with a <001> crystal orientation is used as a template, so that the bismuth scandium acid and lead titanate base material directionally grows on the template, the orientation degree in the growth process is very high, the texture degree of the prepared piezoelectric ceramic is larger than or equal to 83%, the problem of insufficient orientation of the crystal grains of the traditional sintered ceramic is solved, and the piezoelectric performance of the prepared piezoelectric ceramic is improved.
Preferably, the bismuth scandium titanate lead baseThe preparation method of the bulk material comprises the step of adding Bi2O3，Sc2O3PbO and TiO2And performing mixing and ball milling to obtain mixture powder, and calcining to obtain the bismuth scandate lead titanate base material.
Preferably, the method of hybrid ball milling comprises wet ball milling.
Preferably, Bi is added2O3，Sc2O3PbO and TiO2The solvent for wet ball milling includes ethanol.
Preferably, the temperature of the calcination is 850-.
Preferably, the calcination time is 2-4h, such as 2h, 2.3h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h or 4h, etc., preferably 2 h.
Preferably, the template crystalline material comprises a crystalline material having<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3、NaNbO3Or PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3A mixture of any one or at least two of the above, the mixture illustratively including a mixture of<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3And has<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3Of a mixture of<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3And has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Or a mixture of<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3And has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Mixtures of (a) and (b), and the like.
Preferably, the template crystal material is prepared by a molten salt method.
Preferably, the mass of the template crystal material is 5-20%, such as 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, etc., of the mass of the bismuth scandate lead titanate base material.
Preferably, the said has<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing PbO and TiO2Mixing the powder with molten salt of alkali metal chloride by wet ball milling, oven drying, and heat treating at 900-1200 deg.C (including 900 deg.C, 1000 deg.C, 1100 deg.C or 1200 deg.C for 1-6h (including 1h and 2 h)3h, 4h, 5h or 6h and the like), washing with water and drying to obtain the product with the color of<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3。
Preferably, the said has<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3The heat treatment temperature of the preparation method of (3) is 1200 ℃.
Preferably, the said has<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3The heat treatment time of the preparation method of (4) was 4 hours.
Preferably, the said has<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3The preparation method comprises mixing Na2CO3And Nb2O5Mixing the powder with molten salt of alkali metal chloride by wet ball milling, drying, performing heat treatment at 800-1100 deg.C (including 800 deg.C, 900 deg.C, 1000 deg.C or 1100 deg.C, etc.) for 2-8h (including 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h or 8h, etc.), washing with water, and drying to obtain the final product<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3。
Preferably, the said has<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3The temperature of the heat treatment of the production method of (3) is 1100 ℃.
Preferably, the said has<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3The heat treatment time of the preparation method of (4) was 4 hours.
Preferably, the said has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing PbO, ZrO and TiO2Powder of, having<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Mixing with molten salt of alkali metal chloride by wet ball milling, drying, performing heat treatment at 950-<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3。
Preferably, the said has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3The temperature of the heat treatment of the production method of (4) is 1150 ℃.
Preferably, the said has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3The heat treatment time of the preparation method of (1) is 4h。
Preferably, the alkali metal chloride salt comprises NaCl and/or KCl.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the textured piezoelectric ceramic comprises the following steps:
(1) adding Bi2O3，Sc2O3PbO and TiO2Performing mixing and ball milling to obtain mixture powder, and calcining at 850-950 ℃ for 2-4h to obtain the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material;
(2) mixing the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material obtained in the step (1) with a template crystal material, and then carrying out wet ball milling, wherein the template crystal material comprises<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3、NaNbO3Or PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3The mass of the template crystal material is 5-20% of that of the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material;
(3) adding the product obtained in the step (2) into an organic solvent to prepare slurry, and carrying out tape casting on the slurry to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic diaphragm;
(4) and (4) laminating the piezoelectric ceramic membrane obtained in the step (3), hot-pressing, removing glue, carrying out isostatic pressing treatment, and then sintering at 1000-1200 ℃ for 2-6h to obtain the textured piezoelectric ceramic.
In a third aspect, use of a textured piezoelectric ceramic as described in the first aspect for a piezoelectric sensor, a piezoelectric motor or a high precision displacement device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the textured piezoelectric ceramic keeps the characteristic of higher Curie temperature of a lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material body, the Curie temperature is more than or equal to 435 ℃, the texture degree of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is very high and more than or equal to 83%, the performance of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is close to single crystal performance, the piezoelectric performance is improved, the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp can reach 0.71 at most, the Kt can reach 0.64 at most, the mechanical quality factor Qm can reach 248 at most, the density of the textured piezoelectric ceramic is higher than or equal to 7.36g/cm3The piezoelectric constant of the textured piezoelectric ceramic can reach 1480pC/N at most, and the textured piezoelectric ceramic has wide prospects in the aspects of piezoelectric sensors, piezoelectric motors and high-precision displacement;
(2) according to the preparation method of the textured piezoelectric ceramic, a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material and a template crystal material are mixed and then subjected to wet ball milling, a piezoelectric ceramic membrane is prepared, the piezoelectric ceramic membrane is subjected to lamination, hot pressing, glue discharge, isostatic pressing and sintering treatment, the textured piezoelectric ceramic is obtained, and the template crystal material with the crystal orientation of <001> is added in the preparation process, so that the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material directionally grows on the crystal grains of the template crystal material with the crystal orientation of <001>, the texture degree of the prepared piezoelectric ceramic is improved, and the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic is improved;
(3) the textured piezoelectric ceramic provided by the invention is simple in preparation method, low in manufacturing cost and easy for industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for making a textured piezoelectric ceramic according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the measured values of the electromechanical coupling coefficients Kp and Kt of the textured piezoelectric ceramics prepared in examples 1-48 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the measured values of the mechanical quality factor Qm of the textured piezoelectric ceramics prepared in examples 1-48 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
The schematic diagram of the method for preparing textured piezoelectric ceramics is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen from the diagram that after a template crystal material with a <001> crystal orientation is mixed with a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material in the preparation process, crystal grains of the template crystal material with the <001> crystal orientation are mixed in the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, and in the subsequent sintering process, the base material directionally grows on the crystal grains of the template crystal material, so that textured piezoelectric ceramics with high texture degree are obtained.
The preparation methods of the template crystalline materials having <001> crystal orientation used in the preparation processes of the following examples 1 to 48 and comparative example 1 were as follows:
has the advantages of<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing PbO and TiO2Ball-milling and mixing the powder with molten salt of KCl and NaCl by a wet method, drying, then carrying out heat treatment at 1200 ℃ for 4 hours, washing with water, and drying to obtain the product<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3。
Has the advantages of<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3The preparation method comprises mixing Na2CO3And Nb2O5Ball-milling and mixing the powder with molten salt of KCl and NaCl by a wet method, drying, then carrying out heat treatment at 1100 ℃ for 4 hours, washing with water, and drying to obtain the product<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3；
Has the advantages of<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing PbO, ZrO and TiO2Powder of, having<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Mixing with molten salt of KCl and NaCl by wet ball milling, drying, heat treating at 1150 deg.C for 4 hr, washing with water, and drying to obtain the final product<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3。
PbTiO prepared by the method3、NaNbO3And PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Are all provided with<001>And (4) crystal orientation.
Example 1
The preparation method of the textured piezoelectric ceramic comprises the following steps:
(1) adding Bi2O3，Sc2O3PbO and TiO2Performing mixing and ball milling to obtain mixture powder, and calcining at 800 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material; the general formula of the component of the bismuth scandium titanate base material is xBiScO3-(1-x)PbTiO3Wherein x is the mole percentage, x is 30 percent, and 1-x is 70 percent;
(2) mixing the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material obtained in the step (1) with a template crystal material, and then carrying out wet ball milling, wherein the template crystal material is prepared by a molten salt method and has the characteristics of<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3The mass of the template crystal material is 5 percent of that of the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material (namely, the template content is 5 percent);
(3) adding the product obtained in the step (2) into an organic solvent to prepare slurry, and carrying out tape casting on the slurry to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic diaphragm;
(4) and (4) laminating the piezoelectric ceramic membrane obtained in the step (3), carrying out hot pressing, glue discharging and isostatic pressing treatment, and sintering at 1100 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the textured piezoelectric ceramic.
Examples 2 to 4
Examples 2 to 4 are different from example 1 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 1.
Example 5
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass with<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3Other conditions were exactly the same as in example 1.
Examples 6 to 8
Examples 6 to 8 are different from example 5 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 5.
Example 9
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass with<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Other conditions were exactly the same as in example 1.
Examples 10 to 12
Examples 10 to 12 are different from example 9 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 9.
Example 13
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 2.
Example 14
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 2.
Example 15
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3And PbTiO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 2.
Example 16
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3、PbTiO3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 2.
Example 17
This example is different from example 1 in that x in step (1) is replaced with 0.35, 1-x is replaced with 0.65, and other conditions are completely the same as in example 1.
Examples 18 to 20
Examples 18 to 20 are different from example 17 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 17.
Example 21
This example differs from example 17 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass with<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3Other conditions were exactly the same as in example 17.
Examples 22 to 24
Examples 22 to 24 are different from example 21 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 21.
Example 25
This example differs from example 17 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass with<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Other conditions were exactly the same as in example 17.
Examples 26 to 28
Examples 26 to 28 are different from example 25 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 25.
Example 29
This embodiment differs from embodiment 18 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 18.
Example 30
This embodiment differs from embodiment 18 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 18.
Example 31
This embodiment differs from embodiment 18 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3And PbTiO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 18.
Example 32
This embodiment differs from embodiment 18 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3、PbTiO3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 18.
Example 33
This example is different from example 1 in that x in step (1) is replaced with 0.4, 1-x is replaced with 0.6, and other conditions are completely the same as in example 1.
Examples 34 to 36
Examples 34 to 36 are different from example 33 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 33.
Example 37
This embodiment differs from embodiment 33 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass with<001>NaNbO of crystal orientation3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 33.
Examples 38 to 40
Examples 38 to 40 are different from example 37 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 37.
EXAMPLE 41
This embodiment differs from embodiment 33 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass with<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 33.
Examples 42 to 44
Examples 42 to 44 are different from example 41 in that the mass of the template crystal material is 10%, 15% and 20% of the mass of the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, respectively, and other conditions are exactly the same as those in example 41.
Example 45
This embodiment differs from embodiment 34 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 34.
Example 46
This embodiment differs from embodiment 34 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 34.
Example 47
This embodiment differs from embodiment 34 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3And PbTiO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 34.
Example 48
This embodiment differs from embodiment 34 in that it will have<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3Replacement of equal mass is carried out according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 has<001>Crystal oriented PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3、PbTiO3And NaNbO3Otherwise, the conditions were exactly the same as in example 34.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that the operation of step (2) is not performed, that is, the template crystalline material is not added during the preparation process, and other conditions are identical to those of example 1.
The performance test method comprises the following steps:
the method for testing the piezoelectric properties and the Curie temperature of the piezoelectric ceramics obtained in examples 1 to 48 and comparative example 1 comprises the steps of: the piezoelectric ceramics obtained in examples 1 to 48 and comparative example 1 were cut into a sheet having a thickness of 1mm, polished, and then printed with silver electrodes on the surface thereof, polarized at 25 ℃ under an electric field strength of 40kV/cm, and tested for piezoelectric properties and Curie temperature.
The piezoelectric ceramics obtained in examples 1 to 48 and comparative example 1 were subjected to the texture degree test by XRD.
The electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp and Kt of the textured piezoelectric ceramics prepared in examples 1-48 are shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen that the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp can reach up to 0.71, and the Kt can reach up to 0.64.
The test values of the mechanical quality factor Qm of the textured piezoelectric ceramics prepared in examples 1-48 are shown in FIG. 3, which shows that the mechanical quality factor Qm can reach 248 at most.
Parameter conditions for preparing piezoelectric ceramics according to examples 1 to 48 and comparative example 1, and degree of texture and piezoelectric constant d of piezoelectric ceramics obtained by the preparation33The density and curie temperature are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001948500750000151
Figure BDA0001948500750000161
"-" indicates that the preparation process did not contain this material.
The texture degree of the textured piezoelectric ceramic prepared by the method is more than or equal to 83 percent, which shows that the grown piezoelectric ceramic crystal grains have higher orientation degree in the preparation process of the method, and the density of the textured piezoelectric ceramic prepared by the method is more than or equal to 7.36g/cm as shown by a density test3The texture piezoelectric ceramic has higher compactness, the piezoelectric constant of the texture piezoelectric ceramic can reach 1480pC/N at most, the Curie temperature is more than or equal to 435 ℃, and the best preparation condition is that the texture piezoelectric ceramic has<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3When the mass of the template crystal material is 10% of that of the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material and x is 0.35, the textured piezoelectric ceramic prepared isThe textured piezoelectric ceramic has the advantages that the piezoelectric performance is optimal, the texture degree reaches 95%, the piezoelectric constant is 1480pC/N, the Curie temperature Tc is 460 ℃, the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp is 0.71, the Kt is 0.64, and the mechanical quality factor Qm is 248, so that the textured piezoelectric ceramic not only keeps the characteristic of high Curie temperature of the bismuth scandium titanate base material body, but also optimizes the piezoelectric performance by improving the texture degree, and has wide application prospects in the aspects of piezoelectric sensors, piezoelectric motors and high-precision displacement; in contrast, the piezoelectric ceramic of comparative example 1, in which no template crystal material was added, had a texture degree of only 0.43, a piezoelectric constant of 460pC/N and a curie temperature of 448 ℃.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The textured piezoelectric ceramic is characterized by comprising a template crystal material and a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material, wherein the bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material directionally grows on the template crystal material;
the template crystal material comprises a material having<001>Crystal oriented PbTiO3、NaNbO3Or PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3Any one or a mixture of at least two of them;
the general formula of the component of the bismuth scandium titanate base material is xBiScO3-(1-x)PbTiO3The x is the molar percentage content, and the x is 30 to 40 percent;
the mass of the template crystal material is 5-20% of that of the lead scandium acid bismuth titanate base material;
the preparation method of the textured piezoelectric ceramic comprises the following steps: mixing a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material with a template crystal material, performing wet ball milling, mixing with an organic solvent, performing casting to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic diaphragm, and performing lamination, hot pressing, glue discharge, isostatic pressing and sintering on the piezoelectric ceramic diaphragm to obtain the textured piezoelectric ceramic;
the textured piezoelectric ceramic has Curie temperature not lower than 435 ℃, texture degree not lower than 83% and piezoelectric constant up to 1480 pC/N.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the textured piezoelectric ceramic is prepared by a process comprising the steps of,
the method comprises the steps of mixing a bismuth scandium acid lead titanate base material with a template crystal material, carrying out wet ball milling, mixing with an organic solvent, carrying out casting to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic membrane, and carrying out lamination, hot pressing, glue discharging, isostatic pressing and sintering on the piezoelectric ceramic membrane to obtain the textured piezoelectric ceramic.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the sintering temperature is 1000-1200 ℃.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the sintering time is 2-6 hours.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the sintering time is 4 hours.
7. Use of the textured piezoelectric ceramic of claim 1 in a piezoelectric sensor, a piezoelectric motor, or a high precision displacement device.
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