CN109553150A - The device for effectively melting sea ice is realized using the flowing of GRAVITY CONTROL air-flow - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a kind of to realize that the device for effectively melting sea ice, the device include ventilating system, ice-melting device, automatically control ventilating mechanisms and distillation pond and light transmission canopy using the flowing of GRAVITY CONTROL air-flow；Air-flow flows into horizontal duct from pipe windward, the narrow vertical shaft of ventilating system, and when through narrow vertical shaft, channel narrows, flow velocity is increased, and pressure becomes smaller, so that the air in ice-melting pool in sea ice is attracted, so that outside air passes through the sea ice in ice-melting pool, enters narrow vertical shaft；Enter horizontal duct in company with the external air flow for flowing into narrow vertical shaft, is then flowed out from exhaust outlet；When temperature increases, sea ice is accelerated to melt, and brine amount increases, and inflow connects that brine in halogen bucket is cumulative, and that has finally accepted a large amount of brine connects halogen bucket automatic manipulation mechanism, completely cuts off extraneous warm air and enters in sea ice heap, fresh water ice crystal is avoided to melt；The equipment of ice-melt of the present invention is not necessarily to electric power, automatically controls the workload that ventilating mechanisms alleviate duty personnel, Low-salinity brine is transformed into fresh water using natural force.

Description

The device for effectively melting sea ice is realized using the flowing of GRAVITY CONTROL air-flow

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of devices of sea ice desalting, make sea ice desalination by gravity methods more particularly, to one kind The device of desalination.Belong to field of sea water desalting technology.

Background technique

Bohai Rim is one of China freshwater resources the most lacking area, and the Bohai Sea is that China mainly freezes sea area in winter, Water shortage status of the sea ice resource to solve Bohai Rim is developed, is the newest forward position class of China's sea water desalination research field Topic.

Sea ice is mainly made of the pure water ice crystal of polygon, brine born of the same parents, air and a small amount of solid impurity.Contained in sea ice Brine born of the same parents of the salinity inside ice body, brine born of the same parents are high concentration salt water, in general low temperature environment (- 30 DEG C) It will not freeze, and be present in inside sea ice in liquid form.There is also having the gap between ice crystal inside sea ice, this is brine born of the same parents Condition is provided along these gaps outflow ice body under the effect of gravity.Sea ice gravity desalinization is exactly liquid-solid two according to sea ice The structure feature of phase symbiosis, the method for being discharged the brine born of the same parents in sea ice ice body by gravity.

Chinese invention patent application 200510092863.7 discloses a kind of sea ice desalinization facilities with gravity method, but this facility It is very big to be mainly shown as that the sea ice of accumulation is influenced by air temperature variations for existing defects, and melting speed cannot control.Sea ice weight Power desalination refer to the process of the brine born of the same parents inside sea ice under by gravity face seepage flow go out ice body, since the gap inside sea ice is non- It is often tiny, therefore the infiltration rate of brine born of the same parents is very slow, seepage discharge is also few.But the thawing of sea ice is by environment temperature, that is, air The influence of temperature is very big.When the sea ice in desalinization facility is exposed among air, if the air themperature of noon rises to More than the freezing point temperature (- 1.4 DEG C) of sea ice, the pure water ice crystal in sea ice will generate partial melting, these melt waters can be seeped into down The bottom of desalinization facility, and with by gravity and under be seeped into this brine and mix, if wanting brine to be discharged at this time de- Salt facility is bound to take away many fresh water；If without draining, gravity desalinization process will be unable to realize.Therefore, it reasonably controls It makes and slows down sea ice and melt speed, for brine born of the same parents in ice are sufficiently discharged, improve gravity desalinization rate, melt for reducing fresh water ice crystal Change, raising fresh-water recovery rate is all very important.

The device and technique of a kind of sea ice of Chinese invention patent application 2010102414342(or salt water ice desalting) it is public Cloth is a kind of to be covered on sea ice with insulating layer, the method for sea ice and outside air temperature is isolated, the purpose is to control the temperature of ice-melt: In order to accelerate the infiltration rate of brine born of the same parents, the sea ice in insulating layer can be carried out in due course to be passed through warm air, made in ice cube The temperature in portion changes, and promotes ice cube internal interstices to expand, brine is enable smoothly to ooze out sea ice ice body；When the pure water in ice cube When ice crystal will melt, stop the input of warm air.The advantages of this method is to improve the rate of recovery of fresh water.But this method On the one hand ventilation equipment and consumption electric power are needed；On the other hand, in the ice-melt later period, will occur a fairly large number of salinity 1 ‰ to 1.3 ‰ Low-salinity brine, the brine salinity is already close to the salinity of standard fresh water, and quantity is larger, as wastewater treatment, ten Divide unfortunate.

Summary of the invention

For a kind of sea ice of above-mentioned patent application 2010102414342(or the device and technique of salt water ice desalting) Shortcoming, the present invention propose such a device and method: being aerated ice-melt production fresh water to sea ice using natural force；Benefit 1 ‰ to 1.3 ‰ Low-salinity brine is transformed into fresh water with natural force.In addition, the device and method can also be in unmanned value In the case where keeping, the time of ventilation ice-melt is automatically controlled using natural force.

Mentality of designing of the present invention: 1, it using bernoulli principle, drives natural airflow to enter and carries out heat exchange in sea ice heap.2, High salinity brine is distilled using solar energy, acquired distilled water is used to dilute 1 ‰ to 1.3 ‰ Low-salinity brine, Make the fresh water that salinity is lower than 1 ‰.3, the phenomenon that bregma water increases, benefit will melted according to fresh water ice crystal in sea ice With halogen amount size out, the opening and closing of ventilating mechanisms is automatically controlled.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the device includes ventilating system, ice-melting device and automatic control Mechanism；

Ventilating system by managing windward, narrow vertical shaft, horizontal duct, exhaust pipe and arched top are constituted, and is sequentially connected；Wherein, windward Pipe rear portion sets a wind rudder, and pipe is rotatablely connected with narrow vertical shaft windward；Exhaust pipe and arched top junction are equipped with exhaust outlet；

Ice-melting device is made of ice-melting pool, tank, insulating layer；Wherein, ice-melting pool plan view shape is in rectangle, on the left of ice-melting pool and Right side is wall, and the front side of ice-melting pool is the first wire netting, and the rear side of ice-melting pool is the second wire netting；Sky is set after second wire netting Gas chamber, the air chamber are communicated by multiple apertures with the narrow vertical shaft of ventilating system；The bottom of ice-melting pool is the bottom equipped with leakage hole Plate, ice-melting pool are communicated by leakage hole with the tank being located at below ice-melting pool；Insulating layer is covered on above ice-melting pool；

It is horizontal in the ice-melting pool to put the more snorkels with multiple ventilation holes, the nozzle of snorkel towards the first wire netting and The air gap of second ventilative board is arranged；

Automatic controls by be equipped with air gap the first ventilative board, equipped with air gap and the second ventilative board of lath, extension spring, drawing Rope, pulley connect halogen bucket, floating gate, connect halogen well composition；Second ventilative board and the first wire netting are connected；First ventilative board and Two ventilative boards are slidably connected；The wall of thawing room is fixed in one end of extension spring, and the other end is connect with the first ventilative board；Drawstring Around pulley, one end of drawstring is connect with the pull rod of the first ventilative board, the other end and connects halogen bucket in succession；Halogen bucket position is connect in connecing halogen well It is interior, and be located at below sink；It connects halogen bucket bottom and sets a loophole；The tank lower part is equipped with and the sink that connects halogen well and communicate；Institute The floating gate setting stated is in the sink；

Less salt concentraing pond and distillation pond are provided with beside tank；Tank is by sink and connects halogen well and less salt concentraing pond and steaming Evaporate pond connection；Distillation is provided with inclined light transmission canopy above pond, and the lowest part of light transmission canopy is located at the top of less salt concentraing pond；It is described Less salt concentraing pond is provided with the first gate with the halogen well place of communicating is met, and the distillation pond is provided with the second lock with the halogen well place of communicating is met Door；

The floating gate is L-shaped, interior hollow, and bottom is in a cambered surface being bent upwards.

The pull rod and the first ventilative board are connected.

First air permeable plate can be replaced by flip lid air permeable plate, and second air permeable plate can be by big air gap bottom plate Instead of；Big air gap bottom plate includes rib and air cavity；Flip lid air permeable plate includes port, air permeable plate, cover board, be equipped in cover board galianconism and It is articulated with the fulcrum of air permeable plate；The both ends of cover board are each provided with the torsionspring connecting with air permeable plate；It is opposite in flip lid air permeable plate In big air gap bottom plate towards in the movement of extension spring, when the galianconism is hampered by the rib of big air gap bottom plate, then cover board is forced to turn about Fulcrum rotating opening, while torsionspring has put aside elastic force energy, extraneous air-flow can by renovate air permeable plate port and The air cavity of big air gap bottom plate enters in sea ice；Conversely, when renovating air permeable plate towards the bullet that when drawstring movement, then torsionspring knot stores Power energy, forces cover board to rotate, and covers air cavity, and isolation external air flow flows into sea ice.

The application method of the device:

The sea ice of chunky shape to desalting is placed in ice-melting pool；Later, insulating layer is covered on ice-melting pool；Into certainly Right ventilating stage:

First step: the air gap of the air gap of the first ventilative board and the second ventilative board is in overlapping positions；On the one hand, external air flow stream When crossing arched top, flow velocity is increased, and pressure becomes smaller, and exhaust inner air tube is drawn onto top from lower part, and then flows out from exhaust outlet；Separately On the one hand, when pipe and the wind rudder windward of blowing air over of any direction, wind-force drives the dynamic pipe windward of wind rudder straps to rotate, makes pipe nozzle windward Against wind direction, so that air-flow constantly flows into horizontal duct from pipe windward, narrow vertical shaft, the air-flow is when through narrow vertical shaft, due to logical Road narrows, and flow velocity increases, and pressure becomes smaller, so that the air in ice-melting pool in sea ice is attracted, so that extraneous air can pass through The air gap of first ventilative board, the air gap of the second ventilative board, the first wire netting, the air in a portion external world enter chunky shape sea The air in the gap between ice, another part external world enters from snorkel nozzle, and then flows out from multiple ventilation holes, enters fragment Between the sea ice of shape；The air in the two parts external world after heat exchange, passes through the second wire netting, air in the sea ice of chunky shape Room, aperture enter narrow vertical shaft；Hereafter, enter horizontal duct together in company with the external air flow for flowing into narrow vertical shaft, then through being vented Pipe is flowed out from exhaust outlet；When outside air temperature is low, the extraneous Cryogenic air flowed into sea ice cannot be such that ice cube internal interstices expand, Therefore the lower brine amount seeped is less, and the brine connect in halogen bucket is flowed into from the sink of tank and is all flowed out from loophole；

Second step: when ambient temperature increases, the warm air flowed into sea ice accelerates that ice cube internal interstices is promoted to expand, and makes brine Sea ice ice body can be smoothly oozed out, brine amount increases, and it flows into the larger amount of brine connect in halogen bucket and has little time all to flow out from loophole, So that connecing in halogen bucket, brine is cumulative, shows that the fresh water ice crystal in sea ice will melt, has finally accepted a certain amount of brine The elastic force that halogen bucket overcomes extension spring by drawstring is connect, the air gap of the first ventilative board is pulled to be overlapped to the lath of the second ventilative board Position；To which the warm air for having completely cut off extraneous automatically enters in sea ice heap, fresh water ice crystal is avoided to melt；

Third step: the temperature of sea ice gradually decreases in ice-melting pool, and the brine amount of lower infiltration gradually decreases, finally from tank stream Enter to connect the brine in halogen bucket all to flow out from loophole；The elastic force of extension spring overcomes the weight for connecing halogen bucket, by the first ventilative board Air gap draws the sea ice and outside air progress heat exchange made in ice-melting pool to the position being overlapped with the air gap of the second ventilative board；

Repeat first step, second step and third step；When measuring the brine salinity flowed out from sink greater than 1.3 ‰, The first gate is closed, the second gate is opened, the brine in sink is discharged into distillation pond by connecing halogen bucket and connecing halogen well；When measuring from water When the brine salinity flowed out in slot is between 1 ‰ -1.3 ‰, the second gate is closed, opens the first gate, the brine in sink is logical It crosses to connect halogen bucket and connect halogen well and is discharged into less salt concentraing pond；When measuring the brine salinity flowed out from sink less than 1 ‰, first is closed Gate and the second gate；Floating gate is sunk down into bottom of gullet and fixation simultaneously, sink outflow water is prevented；Later, first Air permeable plate is persistently stretched spring pulling so that extraneous air pass through the air gap of the first air permeable plate, the second air permeable plate air gap, First wire netting, the air in a portion external world enter the gap between chunky shape sea ice, and the air in another part external world is from logical Tracheae nozzle enters, and then flows out from multiple ventilation holes, enters between the sea ice of chunky shape；The air in the two parts external world is broken In block-like sea ice after heat exchange, the second wire netting is passed through, air chamber, aperture enter narrow vertical shaft；Hereafter, with cocurrent flow The external air flow for entering narrow vertical shaft enters horizontal duct together, then through exhaust pipe, flows out from exhaust outlet；Sea ice in ice-melting pool by Gradually melt is that fresh water flows into tank；

Sunlight penetrates light transmission canopy, and the brine in heating distillation pond makes bittern evaporation, and water vapour rises, on light transmission canopy to the cold, Distilled water is condensed into, distilled water flow direction is located at light transmission canopy lowest part, and then flows into less salt concentraing pond, the brine in less salt concentraing pond It is constantly distilled water dilution, finally becomes fresh water of the salinity less than 1 ‰.

It is that fresh water flows into tank, and measuring the water in tank is salinity when the sea ice in the ice-melting pool all melts Less than 0.9 ‰ fresh water below, and the brine in less salt concentraing pond becomes salt by enough distilled water dilutions not yet at this time Spend the fresh water less than 1 ‰；To terminate fresh water production as early as possible, the fresh water in a certain number of tanks can be added to less salt halogen In pond, diluting the water in less salt concentraing pond becomes fresh water of the salinity less than 1 ‰.

The present invention compared with prior art the characteristics of and beneficial effect be:

1, the method for sea ice desalting is omitted than the prior art using the aeration structure of bernoulli principle design in the present invention Ventilation equipment and power consumption for ice-melt.

2, the present invention is made 1 ‰ to 1.3 ‰ Low-salinity brine by the method for dilution and solar distilling Fresh water.To which waste water in the prior art is become fresh water, therefore the production of fresh water is largely improved than the prior art Efficiency.

3, the folding that ventilating mechanisms are automatically controlled according to the size of brine amount, alleviates the workload of duty personnel.

4, because of ventilating mechanisms are automatically controlled, ventilation number (and existing skill can be increased automatically according to environment temperature Art is usually to select time-division ventilation at noon primary), to accelerate the speed that sea ice is fabricated to fresh water.

Below with reference to figure, the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram and flux map of the invention.

Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 operation figure.

Fig. 3 is that Fig. 1 is A-A schematic cross-sectional view.

Fig. 4 is the B-B partial view in Fig. 3

Fig. 5 is the components perspective view in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of snorkel.

Fig. 7 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of embodiment 4.

Fig. 8 is the C-C cross-sectional view in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the state diagram of Fig. 7 operation.

Figure 10 is the D-D cross-sectional view in Fig. 9.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1:(is shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6) apparatus of the present invention include ventilating system, ice-melting device and automatic controls；It is logical Wind system is made of pipe 53 windward, narrow vertical shaft 23, horizontal duct 24, exhaust pipe 28 and arched top 27, and is sequentially connected；Wherein, 53 rear portion of pipe sets a wind rudder 51 windward, and exhaust pipe 28 and 27 junction of arched top are equipped with exhaust outlet 29；

Ice-melting device is made of ice-melting pool 32, tank 35, insulating layer 31；Wherein, 32 plan view shape of ice-melting pool is in rectangle, left side It is concrete wall (not shown) with right side, the front side of ice-melting pool is the first wire netting 37, and the rear side of ice-melting pool is the second iron wire Net 38；Air chamber 39 is set after second wire netting 38, which is communicated by aperture 26 with the narrow vertical shaft 23 of ventilating system；Ice-melt The bottom in pond 32 is the bottom plate 34 equipped with leakage hole, and ice-melting pool 32 passes through leakage hole (not shown) and the storage below ice-melting pool Pond 35 communicates；Insulating layer 31 is covered on above ice-melting pool 32；

Horizontal in ice-melting pool 32 to put the more snorkels 33 with multiple ventilation holes 331, the nozzle of snorkel 33 is towards the first iron The setting of the air gap 711 of silk screen 37 and the second ventilative board.

Since sea ice gravity desalinization process needs three months or so, the prior art needs artificial observation brine during this period Water yield situation, according to the size of water yield, and then whether implement the ventilation to sea ice.The present embodiment have it is a set of can be according to halogen The number of water, the mechanism being aerated automatically, so as to omit the artificial on duty of this respect.Meanwhile according to environment temperature Ventilation number (and the prior art is generally only to select time-division ventilation at noon primary) can be increased automatically, it will be extra large to accelerate Ice is fabricated to the speed of fresh water.Automatic controls (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5) is by being equipped with the first ventilative board 71 of air gap 711, setting There is the second ventilative board 72 of air gap 711, extension spring 74, drawstring 46, pulley 44, connects halogen bucket 41, floating gate 36, connects halogen well 43 It constitutes；Second ventilative board 72 and the first wire netting 37 are connected；First ventilative board 71 is slidably connected with the second ventilative board 72；Stretch bullet The concrete wall of thawing room 32 is fixed in one end of spring 74, and the other end is connect with the first ventilative board 71；Drawstring 46 bypasses pulley 44, one end of drawstring 46 is connect with the pull rod 719 of the first ventilative board, the other end and connects halogen bucket 41 in succession；Connect halogen bucket 41 be located at connect In halogen well 43, and it is located at 35 lower section of sink；It connects 41 bottom of halogen bucket and sets a loophole 42；Under the pulling force of extension spring 74, when first The air gap 711 of ventilative board slides into when being overlapped with the air gap 711 of the second ventilative board, and extraneous air can pass through the first ventilative board Air gap 711, the air gap 711 of the second ventilative board, the first wire netting 37, the gap between the chunky shape sea ice in ice-melting pool 32, Two wire nettings 38, air chamber 39, aperture 26 enter in narrow vertical shaft 23；When the air gap 711 of the first ventilative board slides into and second The (see figure 5) when lath 729 of ventilative board is overlapped, extraneous air not can enter ice-melting pool 32 then；Drawstring 46 bypasses pulley 44, draws Rope 46 one end connect with the pull rod 719 being fixed on the first ventilative board 71, the other end with connect halogen bucket 41 in succession；Connect 41, halogen bucket In connecing in halogen well 43, connects 41 bottom of halogen bucket and set a loophole 42；35 lower part of tank is equipped with and the sink that connects halogen well 43 and communicate 351；The floating gate 36 is arranged in sink 351, and floating gate 36 is L-shaped,

It is hollow in it, it is a shell, bottom meets water and floats just like fore in a cambered surface being bent upwards.When in floating gate 36 After pouring into water, 351 bottom of sink will be sunk down into, prevents the water outflow in sink 351.Another effect of floating gate 36 is Extraneous air can be prevented to enter ice-melting pool 32 from sink 351, in order to avoid influence the control of the temperature in ice-melting pool 32.

In order to which the high brine of salinity is implemented solar distilling, the distilled water of generation is used to dilute 1 ‰ to 1.3 ‰ less salt Brine is spent, fresh water is made, the present invention is provided with less salt concentraing pond 2 and distillation pond 3 beside tank 35；Tank 35 is logical Water-carrying groove 351 and connect halogen well 43 and less salt concentraing pond 2 and distillation pond 3 is connected to；Distillation is provided with inclined light transmission canopy above pond 3 93, the lowest part of light transmission canopy 93 is located at the top of less salt concentraing pond 2；The less salt concentraing pond 2 is arranged with 43 place of communicating of halogen well is met There is the first gate 91, the distillation pond 3 is provided with the second gate 92 with 43 place of communicating of halogen well is met；

The application method of the device:

The sea ice of chunky shape to desalting is placed in ice-melting pool 32；Later, insulating layer 31 is covered on ice-melting pool 32, To which the top of ice-melting pool 32 and outside air completely cut off；Into the gravity-flow ventilation stage:

First step: the air gap 711 of the first ventilative board and the air gap 711 of the second ventilative board are in overlapping positions；On the one hand, extraneous When air-flow flows through arched top 27, flow velocity is increased, and according to bernoulli principle, flow velocity is fast, and pressure is small, and air is from lower part in exhaust pipe 28 It is drawn onto top, and then is flowed out from exhaust outlet 29；On the other hand, pipe 53 windward and wind rudder 51, wind are blowed air over when any direction Power drive wind rudder 51 drive windward pipe 53 rotate, make the nozzle of pipe 53 windward against wind direction, thus air-flow constantly from pipe 53 windward, Narrow vertical shaft 23 flows into horizontal duct 24, and the air-flow is when through narrow vertical shaft 23, and due to channel narrows, flow velocity is increased, and pressure becomes smaller, So that the air in ice-melting pool 32 in sea ice is attracted, so that extraneous air can pass through the air gap 711, second of the first ventilative board The air gap 711 of ventilative board, the first wire netting 37, a portion external world air enter the gap between chunky shape sea ice (because The area of ventilative board air gap is greater than the area of snorkel nozzle), the air in another part external world enters from 33 nozzle of snorkel, into And flowed out from multiple ventilation holes 331, it enters between the sea ice of chunky shape；The air in the two parts external world is in the sea ice of chunky shape After heat exchange, the second wire netting 38, air chamber 39, aperture 26 are passed through, narrow vertical shaft 23 is entered；Hereafter, narrow in company with flowing into The external air flow of vertical shaft 23 enters horizontal duct 24 together, then through exhaust pipe 28, flows out from exhaust outlet 29；Work as outside air temperature Low, the extraneous Cryogenic air flowed into sea ice cannot be such that ice cube internal interstices expand, therefore the brine amount of lower infiltration is less, from water storage The sink 351 in pond flows into the brine connect in halogen bucket 41 and all flows out from loophole 42；

Second step: when ambient temperature increases, the warm air flowed into sea ice accelerates that ice cube internal interstices is promoted to expand, and makes brine Sea ice ice body can be smoothly oozed out, brine amount increases, and flows into the larger amount of brine connect in halogen bucket 41 and has little time all from loophole 42 Outflow, so that connecing in halogen bucket 41, brine is cumulative, shows that the fresh water ice crystal in sea ice will melt, has finally accepted a certain amount of The elastic force for connecing halogen bucket 41 and overcoming extension spring 74 by drawstring 46 of brine, pulls the air gap 711 of the first ventilative board to arrive and second The position that the lath 729 of ventilative board is overlapped；To which the warm air for having completely cut off extraneous automatically enters in sea ice heap, fresh ice is avoided Crystalline substance melts；

Third step: the temperature in ice-melting pool in sea ice gradually decreases, and the brine amount of lower infiltration gradually decreases, finally from tank 35, which flow into the brine connect in halogen bucket 41, all flows out from loophole 42；The elastic force of extension spring 74 overcomes the weight for connecing halogen bucket 41, will The air gap 711 of first ventilative board draw make to the state being overlapped with the air gap 711 of the second ventilative board sea ice in ice-melting pool 32 with outside Boundary's air carries out heat exchange；

Repeat first step, second step and third step；It is greater than 1.3 ‰ when measuring the brine salinity flowed out from sink 351 When, the first gate 91 is closed, the second gate 92 is opened, the brine in sink 351 is discharged into steaming by connecing halogen bucket 41 and connecing halogen well 43 Evaporate pond 3；When measuring from the brine salinity flowed out in sink 351 between 1 ‰ -1.3 ‰, the second gate 92 is closed, opens the One gate 91, the brine in sink 351 are discharged into less salt concentraing pond 2 by connecing halogen bucket 41 and connecing halogen well 43；When measuring from sink 351 When the brine salinity of middle outflow is less than 1 ‰, the first gate 91 and the second gate 92 are closed；Floating gate 36 is sunk down into water simultaneously 351 bottom of slot and fixation (floating gate 36 is hollow, as long as filling water inlet, can be sunk), prevent 351 outflow water of sink from； Later, the first air permeable plate 71 is persistently stretched the pulling of spring 74, so that extraneous air passes through the air gap of the first air permeable plate 71 711, the air gap 711 of the second air permeable plate 72, the first wire netting 37, the air in a portion external world enter between chunky shape sea ice The air in gap, another part external world enters from 33 nozzle of snorkel, and then flows out from multiple ventilation holes 331, enters fragment Between the sea ice of shape；The air in the two parts external world after heat exchange, passes through the second wire netting 38 in the sea ice of chunky shape, empty Gas chamber 39, aperture 26 enter narrow vertical shaft 23；Hereafter, enter horizontal duct together in company with the external air flow for flowing into narrow vertical shaft 23 24, then through exhaust pipe 28, flowed out from exhaust outlet 29；It is that fresh water flows into tank 35 that sea ice gradually melts in ice-melting pool 32 In；

Salinity is usually made wastewater treatment in 1 ‰ -1.3 ‰ brine by the prior art, and it is water-reducible that the present invention can use distillation The brine of this part Low-salinity is transformed into fresh water by method: sunlight penetrates light transmission canopy 93, and the brine in heating distillation pond 3 makes Bittern evaporation, water vapour rise, and on light transmission canopy 93 to the cold, condense into distilled water, distilled water flow direction is located at light transmission canopy 93 most Lower, and then less salt concentraing pond 2 is flowed into, the brine in less salt concentraing pond 2 is constantly distilled water dilution, is finally less than as salinity 1 ‰ fresh water.

It, can also be by 1 ‰ -1.5 ‰ brine or salinity more if the distilled water of generation is enough if temperature is high High brine is transformed into fresh water.

Embodiment 2 flows into tank 35 when the sea ice in ice-melting pool 32 all melts for fresh water, and measures tank Water in 35 is salinity less than 0.9 ‰ fresh water below, and the brine in less salt concentraing pond 2 is not yet by enough steamings at this time Distilled water dilution becomes fresh water of the salinity less than 1 ‰.To terminate fresh water production as early as possible, can be obtained as early as possible by following two method More fresh water: the fresh water in the tank 35 of certain amount (passing through calculating) can be added to less salt halogen by first method In pond 2, diluting the water in less salt concentraing pond 2 becomes fresh water of the salinity less than 1 ‰；Second method, certain amount is (logical Cross calculating) less salt concentraing pond 2 in salinity be greater than 1 ‰ water, it is below less than 0.9 ‰ light to be added to salinity in tank 35 In water, the water in tank 35 is made to become fresh water of the salinity less than 1 ‰.

, can be as the prior art if embodiment 3, selection do not use automatic controls, time-division at noon, by The air gap 711 of artificial mobile first ventilative board and the air gap 711 of the second ventilative board are in overlapping positions；To in ice-melting pool 32 Sea ice and outside air persistently carry out heat exchange, and ventilation time was controlled at 1-2 hours.Ventilation terminates, and pulls the by manually mobile The air gap 711 of one ventilative board arrives the position being overlapped with the lath 729 of the second ventilative board；To completely cut off extraneous warm sky automatically Gas enters in sea ice heap, and fresh water ice crystal is avoided to melt.

Embodiment 4 is in embodiment 1 saturating by the air gap 711 of the first air permeable plate 71 and second into the ventilation quantity of sea ice What 711 size of air gap of gas plate 72 determined.Feature is 71 short-distance movement of the first air permeable plate, so that it may be opened and closed the air gap of ventilation 711, structure is simple, but draught area can only be ventilative plate suqare less than half.If using such as flowering structure, so that it may In the case that short-distance movement is constant, biggish draught area is obtained.

This be structurally characterized in that increase ventilation cavity (see Fig. 7 to Figure 10), specific technical solution is: with flip lid air permeable plate 81 Instead of first air permeable plate 71, second air permeable plate 72 is replaced with big air gap bottom plate 82；Air gap bottom plate 82 includes greatly Rib 829 and air cavity 821；Renovating air permeable plate 81 includes port 811, air permeable plate 812, cover board 814, is equipped with galianconism in cover board 814 815 and it is articulated with the fulcrum 816 of air permeable plate 812；The both ends of cover board 814 are each provided with the torsionspring connecting with air permeable plate 812 818；In flip lid air permeable plate 814 relative in movement of the big air gap bottom plate 82 towards extension spring 74, the galianconism 815 is hampered by greatly When the rib 829 of air gap bottom plate, then cover board 814 is forced to turn about 816 rotating opening (see figure 8) of fulcrum, while torsionspring 818 is put aside Elastic force energy, extraneous air-flow can enter sea by the air cavity 821 of the port 811 and big air gap bottom plate of renovating air permeable plate In ice.Conversely, the elastic force energy that 818 knot of torsionspring stores forces cover board 814 when renovating air permeable plate 81 towards when the movement of drawstring 46 Rotation, covers air cavity 821(and sees Fig. 9 and Figure 10), isolation external air flow flows into sea ice.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of realize the device for effectively melting sea ice using the flowing of GRAVITY CONTROL air-flow, it is characterized in that the device includes ventage System, ice-melting device and automatic controls；

Ventilating system by managing windward, narrow vertical shaft, horizontal duct, exhaust pipe and arched top are constituted, and is sequentially connected；Wherein, windward Pipe rear portion sets a wind rudder, and pipe is rotatablely connected with narrow vertical shaft windward；Exhaust pipe and arched top junction are equipped with exhaust outlet；

Ice-melting device is made of ice-melting pool, tank, insulating layer；Wherein, ice-melting pool plan view shape is in rectangle, on the left of ice-melting pool and Right side is wall, and the front side of ice-melting pool is the first wire netting, and the rear side of ice-melting pool is the second wire netting；Sky is set after second wire netting Gas chamber, the air chamber are communicated by multiple apertures with the narrow vertical shaft of ventilating system；The bottom of ice-melting pool is the bottom equipped with leakage hole Plate, ice-melting pool are communicated by leakage hole with the tank being located at below ice-melting pool；Insulating layer is covered on above ice-melting pool；

It is horizontal in the ice-melting pool to put the more snorkels with multiple ventilation holes, the nozzle of snorkel towards the first wire netting and The air gap of second ventilative board is arranged；

Automatic controls by be equipped with air gap the first ventilative board, equipped with air gap and the second ventilative board of lath, extension spring, drawing Rope, pulley connect halogen bucket, floating gate, connect halogen well composition；Second ventilative board and the first wire netting are connected；First ventilative board and Two ventilative boards are slidably connected；The wall of thawing room is fixed in one end of extension spring, and the other end is connect with the first ventilative board；Drawstring Around pulley, one end of drawstring is connect with the pull rod of the first ventilative board, the other end and connects halogen bucket in succession；Halogen bucket position is connect in connecing halogen well It is interior, and be located at below sink；It connects halogen bucket bottom and sets a loophole；The tank lower part is equipped with and the sink that connects halogen well and communicate；Institute The floating gate setting stated is in the sink；

Less salt concentraing pond and distillation pond are provided with beside tank；Tank is by sink and connects halogen well and less salt concentraing pond and steaming Evaporate pond connection；Distillation is provided with inclined light transmission canopy above pond, and the lowest part of light transmission canopy is located at the top of less salt concentraing pond；It is described Less salt concentraing pond is provided with the first gate with the halogen well place of communicating is met, and the distillation pond is provided with the second lock with the halogen well place of communicating is met Door.

2. the device for effectively melting sea ice is realized using the flowing of GRAVITY CONTROL air-flow as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: institute It is L-shaped to state floating gate, interior hollow, bottom is in a cambered surface being bent upwards.

3. the device for effectively melting sea ice, feature are realized using the flowing of GRAVITY CONTROL air-flow as claimed in claim 1 or 2 Be: the pull rod and the first ventilative board are connected.

4. the device for effectively melting sea ice is realized using the flowing of GRAVITY CONTROL air-flow as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: institute The first air permeable plate stated can be replaced by flip lid air permeable plate, and second air permeable plate can be replaced by big air gap bottom plate；Atmosphere Gap bottom plate includes rib and air cavity；Flip lid air permeable plate includes port, air permeable plate, cover board, and galianconism is equipped in cover board and is articulated with The fulcrum of gas plate；The both ends of cover board are each provided with the torsionspring connecting with air permeable plate；In flip lid air permeable plate relative to big air gap Bottom plate is towards in the movement of extension spring, and when the galianconism is hampered by the rib of big air gap bottom plate, then cover board is forced to turn about fulcrum rotation Open, while torsionspring has put aside elastic force energy, extraneous air-flow can by renovate air permeable plate port and big air gap bottom The air cavity of plate enters in sea ice；Conversely, when flip lid air permeable plate is mobile towards drawstring, then the elastic force energy that torsionspring knot stores, It forces cover board to rotate, covers air cavity, isolation external air flow flows into sea ice.