CN109553144A - 天然生物抑藻澄清剂 - Google Patents

天然生物抑藻澄清剂 Download PDF

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CN109553144A
CN109553144A CN201910053659.6A CN201910053659A CN109553144A CN 109553144 A CN109553144 A CN 109553144A CN 201910053659 A CN201910053659 A CN 201910053659A CN 109553144 A CN109553144 A CN 109553144A
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chitosan
algal control
quaternary ammonium
ammonium salt
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刘保良
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Dezhou Green Energy Water Treatment Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

天然生物抑藻澄清剂，以重量百分含量表示，由季铵盐壳聚糖20%～50%；过一硫酸氢钾复合盐10%～30%；活性黏土40%～70%；木质素磺酸钠3%～10%和十二烷基磺酸钠0.1%～1%组成。本发明天然生物抑藻澄清剂将可吸附重金属的季铵盐壳聚糖天然杀菌剂和活性氧型杀菌消毒剂以及可絮凝净化水质的活性粘土集成于一体，具有抑藻、灭藻、增氧、除臭、降氨氮、降COD、降重金属、澄清水质的作用，可广泛用于湖泊、河道、景观水处理领域中。

Description

天然生物抑藻澄清剂
技术领域
本发明涉及水体污染环境治理技术领域，具体涉及一种天然生物抑藻澄清剂。
背景技术
近年来由于工业化的发展，人类生产活动的不断加剧，大量有机物不断排入湖泊、
河流并在其中不断积累，致使湖泊和河流产生了富营养化现象。水体富营养化的日益加剧导致藻类大量繁殖，形成日趋严重的水华污染。“水华”现象频繁发生，大大降低了水体质量，破坏了水体生态系统平衡，影响了水产养殖等，已经严重妨碍了对这些水体作为资源的利用，造成了环境和经济的重大损失。更为严重的是，形成水华的藻类尤其是蓝藻，藻细胞破裂后会释放出多种藻毒素。这些藻毒素有害人体健康，其中微囊藻毒素是强烈的肝癌促进剂。藻毒素引起的野生动物、家禽和家畜等中毒或死亡的事件已有许多报道。因此，控制富营养化水域藻类生长、治理水华污染成为急需开展的迫切任务。
目前，物理、化学、生态的方法都不同程度地应用在治理水体富营养化和控藻方
面，但是在效果和生态安全上各自有着自身的局限性。目前国内外研究中水华防治措施主要集中在防止人类各种不合理的活动，减少和切断营养盐来源和通道，并主动采取各种生态协调技术等方面。国内对富营养化及水华防治技术是近几年才开始的。国内所采用的方法归纳起来主要包括：(1) 控制氮、磷等营养物的流入；(2) 物理方法治理(3) 化学方法防治：(4) 生态方法防治；(5) 生物方法防治。但在控制水域藻类生长、治理水域富营养化方面，物理方法及化学方法有很大的局限性。另外生态法种植水生湿地植物法降低氮磷等，工程巨大，耗时较长。物理方法有很大的局限性，是将污染转移到别的地方而且成本显然相当的高，不宜大规模提倡。化学方法利用硫酸铜、二氧化氯等杀藻剂，有时是雪上加霜，会使水中增加影响鱼类健康的新化学物质，会带来二次污染，不宜提倡；生态方法引入合适的其他生物，是一种长期预防的有效方法。但还要结合短期治理，并且存在引入生物数量的问题：在某一特定水域引入多少数量的生物能使水体生态系统不至于被破坏，过量的引入其他生物对水体生态系统本身会有严重的影响。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种天然生物抑藻澄清剂。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种天然生物抑藻澄清剂，以重量百分含量表示，由季铵盐壳聚糖20%～50%；过一硫酸氢钾复合盐10%～30%；活性黏土40%～70%；木质素磺酸钠3%～10%和十二烷基磺酸钠0.1%～1%组成。
本发明过一硫酸氢钾复合杀菌剂的工作原理是：季铵盐壳聚糖为一种天然组分杀菌剂，季铵盐壳聚糖是海洋生物壳聚糖经化学改性修饰而制得的壳聚糖高级衍生物，具有良好的水溶性其吸湿性强相容性好、可生物降解，壳聚糖季铵盐具有良好的抗菌性、成膜性、阳离子吸附性、吸湿保湿性、絮凝性、抗静电性等性能，季铵盐壳聚糖有吸附重金属的作用；过一硫酸氢钾复合盐为一种活性氧型灭藻剂和增氧剂，活性黏土可起到絮凝剂和吸附剂的作用，活性黏土有絮凝净化水质的作用；木质素磺酸钠为分散剂，季铵盐壳聚糖杀菌剂、活性氧型杀菌消毒剂和活性黏土在木质素磺酸钠和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠作用下，在水中产生链式反应可释放高能量、高活性的正电荷和硫酸根自由基，能够与细胞表面带负电荷的基团起作用，干扰细胞壁的合成，从而使细菌裂解死亡,达到杀菌的效果；活性物质体积小，穿透力强，扩散到病原体细胞表面，破坏微生物的细胞膜的通透性屏障，使细胞内容物流失，产生的羟基自由基，作用于DNA 的磷酸二酯键而导致其断裂，干扰病原体DNA 和RNA 的合成，氧化病原体，使得菌体蛋白质变性凝固，从而杀灭病原微生物，可强力杀灭细菌芽孢、细菌繁殖体、真菌等各种致病性微生物，对湖泊、河道、景观水等系统的蓝绿藻、红藻、海藻等藻类植物有效成分持久性较强，可确保水体中含有足够的杀菌余量，可以起到持续杀菌的作用。
本发明天然生物抑藻澄清剂将可吸附重金属的季铵盐壳聚糖天然杀菌剂和活性氧型杀菌消毒剂以及可絮凝净化水质的活性粘土集成于一体，具有抑藻、灭藻、增氧、除臭、降氨氮、降COD、降重金属、澄清水质的作用，可广泛用于湖泊、河道、景观水处理领域中。
具体实施方式
一种天然生物抑藻澄清剂，以重量百分含量表示，由季铵盐壳聚糖20%～50%；过一硫酸氢钾复合盐10%～30%；活性黏土40%～70%；木质素磺酸钠3%～10%和十二烷基磺酸钠0.1%～1%组成。
本发明过一硫酸氢钾复合杀菌剂的工作原理是：季铵盐壳聚糖为一种天然组分杀菌剂，季铵盐壳聚糖是海洋生物壳聚糖经化学改性修饰而制得的壳聚糖高级衍生物，具有良好的水溶性其吸湿性强相容性好、可生物降解，壳聚糖季铵盐具有良好的抗菌性、成膜性、阳离子吸附性、吸湿保湿性、絮凝性、抗静电性等性能，季铵盐壳聚糖有吸附重金属的作用；过一硫酸氢钾复合盐为一种活性氧型灭藻剂和增氧剂，活性黏土可起到絮凝剂和吸附剂的作用，活性黏土有絮凝净化水质的作用；木质素磺酸钠为分散剂，季铵盐壳聚糖杀菌剂、活性氧型杀菌消毒剂和活性黏土在木质素磺酸钠和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠作用下，在水中产生链式反应可释放高能量、高活性的正电荷和硫酸根自由基，能够与细胞表面带负电荷的基团起作用，干扰细胞壁的合成，从而使细菌裂解死亡,达到杀菌的效果；活性物质体积小，穿透力强，扩散到病原体细胞表面，破坏微生物的细胞膜的通透性屏障，使细胞内容物流失，产生的羟基自由基，作用于DNA 的磷酸二酯键而导致其断裂，干扰病原体DNA 和RNA 的合成，氧化病原体，使得菌体蛋白质变性凝固，从而杀灭病原微生物，可强力杀灭细菌芽孢、细菌繁殖体、真菌等各种致病性微生物，对湖泊、河道、景观水等系统的蓝绿藻、红藻、海藻等藻类植物有效成分持久性较强，可确保水体中含有足够的杀菌余量，可以起到持续杀菌的作用。

Claims (1)

1.一种天然生物抑藻澄清剂，其特征是以重量百分含量表示，由季铵盐壳聚糖20%～50%；过一硫酸氢钾复合盐10%～30%；活性黏土40%～70%；木质素磺酸钠3%～10%和十二烷基磺酸钠0.1%～1%组成。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112830558A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-25 江西省水利科学研究院 一种选择性杀灭失活的去蓝藻改性土壤及其制备方法

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CN105236539A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-01-13 中国科学院海洋研究所 一种高效消除赤潮的改性粘土
CN105394081A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-03-16 成都润兴消毒药业有限公司 一种单过硫酸氢钾复合盐消毒粉
CN105883989A (zh) * 2016-07-05 2016-08-24 山东建筑大学 一种新型净水消毒泡腾片剂及其制备方法
CN105906005A (zh) * 2016-07-05 2016-08-31 山东建筑大学 一种复合净水消毒泡腾片剂及其制备方法
CN109122715A (zh) * 2017-06-27 2019-01-04 德州绿能水处理科技有限公司 过一硫酸氢钾复合杀菌剂

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050155936A1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2005-07-21 Martin Perry L. Halogen-enhanced oxidizing composition
CN105236539A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-01-13 中国科学院海洋研究所 一种高效消除赤潮的改性粘土
CN105394081A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-03-16 成都润兴消毒药业有限公司 一种单过硫酸氢钾复合盐消毒粉
CN105883989A (zh) * 2016-07-05 2016-08-24 山东建筑大学 一种新型净水消毒泡腾片剂及其制备方法
CN105906005A (zh) * 2016-07-05 2016-08-31 山东建筑大学 一种复合净水消毒泡腾片剂及其制备方法
CN109122715A (zh) * 2017-06-27 2019-01-04 德州绿能水处理科技有限公司 过一硫酸氢钾复合杀菌剂

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112830558A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-25 江西省水利科学研究院 一种选择性杀灭失活的去蓝藻改性土壤及其制备方法

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