CN109549993A - 直肠或雾化吸入给药射干抗病毒制剂和制备及用途 - Google Patents
直肠或雾化吸入给药射干抗病毒制剂和制备及用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物制剂领域,具体涉及一种直肠或雾化吸入给药抗病毒注射液和制备及用途。所述抗病毒制剂的原料药组成为:射干4500~5500重量份,金银花3500~4500重量份,板蓝根3500~4500重量份,佩兰2500~3500重量份,大青叶2500~3500重量份,蒲公英2000~3000重量份,茵陈1500~2500重量份,柴胡1000~2000重量份。该直肠给药制剂和雾化吸入制剂具有吸收快、避免首过效应、操作方便、无痛苦、无创伤、特别针对儿童患者易于接受、针对部分疾病直接作用于病变组织,显效快、增大药物的生物利用度等特点,且对感染性疾病具有突出的治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物制剂领域,具体涉及一种抗病毒注射液用于制备直肠给药制剂和雾化吸入制剂的新用途。
背景技术
抗病毒制剂包括口服或肌肉注射等多种制剂,但对于儿童来说,不仅口服或肌肉注射容易出现不配合服药或恐惧,特别对于特定器官的炎症治疗效果不够理想,比如气管或咽喉部但是现有注射剂在临床治疗中依然存在着治疗耗时及不方便等问题,尤其是针对儿童患者,更存在着治疗的不适性。
发明内容
为此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于现有抗病毒注射液制剂尤为不适用于儿童患者的问题,进而提供一种利用直肠给药制剂及雾化吸入制剂的抗病毒注射液及制备方法和新用途。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明一种直肠及雾化吸入给药抗病毒制剂,所述抗病毒制剂的原料药组成为:射干4500~5500重量份,金银花3500~4500重量份,板蓝根3500~4500 重量份,佩兰2500~3500重量份,大青叶2500~3500重量份,蒲公英2000~ 3000重量份,茵陈1500~2500重量份,柴胡1000~2000重量份。
具体地说,所述抗病毒制剂的原料药组成为:射干5000重量份,金银花4000 重量份,板蓝根4000重量份,佩兰3000重量份,大青叶3000重量份,蒲公英 2500重量份,茵陈2000重量份,柴胡1500重量份。
本发明所述抗病毒制剂为注射剂,并按照如下方法制备:按照选定的重量份取所述射干、金银花、板蓝根、佩兰、大青叶、蒲公英、茵陈、柴胡,加纯化水湿润后,加入药物重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经水蒸汽蒸馏得初馏液5000-6000 体积份,再进行重蒸馏,收集精馏液2000-3000体积份,然后在加入药材重量 6-8倍量的纯化水,经过提取、浓缩、醇沉至3000-5000体积份.然后和精馏液 2000-3000体积份混合,加入8-10重量份氢氧化钠,搅匀,滤过,灌封,灭菌,即得。
所述重量份与体积份的关系为g/mL的关系。
本发明所述抗病毒注射剂按照如下方法制备:按照选定的重量份取所述射干、金银花、板蓝根、佩兰、大青叶、蒲公英、茵陈、柴胡,加纯化水湿润后,加入药物重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经水蒸汽蒸馏得初馏液5500体积份,再进行重蒸馏,收集精馏液2500体积份,然后在加入药材重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经过提取、浓缩、醇沉至3500体积份.然后和精馏液2500体积份混合,加入8.6 重量份氢氧化钠,搅匀,滤过,灌封,灭菌,即得。
本发明注射液并采取直肠给药,且日用剂量为4-10mL。
本发明注射液还可以采取雾化吸入给药,且日用剂量为4-10mL。
抗病毒制剂是以射干、金银花、板蓝根、佩兰、大青叶、蒲公英、茵陈、柴胡等八味主药为主要原料制成的纯中药复方制剂,是一种新型的纯中药抗病毒及抗菌消炎药。其中,射干本品为鸢尾科植物射干的干燥根茎。气微,味苦、微辛。性味:辛,平。归肺经。具有清热解毒,消痰,利咽之功能。用于热毒痰火郁结,咽喉肿痛,痰涎壅盛,咳嗽气喘。金银花为忍冬科植物的干燥花蕾或初开的花,是一种具有悠久历史的常用中药,始载于《名医别录》,列为上品,气清香,味淡、微苦。性味:甘、寒。归肺、心、胃经。具有清热解毒,凉散风热之功能。用于痈肿疔疮,喉痹,丹毒,热毒血痢,风热感冒,温病发热等的治疗。
板蓝根主要为十字花科植物菘蓝的干燥根。气微,味微甜后苦涩。性味:苦,寒。归心、胃经。具有清热解毒,凉血利咽之功能。用于温毒发斑,舌绛紫暗,痄腮,喉痹,烂喉丹痧,大头瘟疫,丹毒,痈肿等的治疗。佩兰主要为菊科植物佩兰的干燥地上部分。气芳香,味微苦。性味:辛,平。归脾、胃、肺经。具有芳香化湿,醒脾开胃,发表解暑之功能。用于湿浊中阻,脘痞呕恶,口中甜腻,口臭,多涎,暑湿表症,头胀胸闷等的治疗。大青叶主要为十字花科植物菘蓝的干燥叶。气微,味微酸、苦、涩。性味:苦,寒。归心、胃经。具有清热解毒,凉血消斑之功能。用于温邪入营,高热神昏,发斑发疹,黄疸,热痢,痄腮,喉痹,丹毒,痈肿等的治疗。蒲公英主要为菊科植物蒲公英干燥全草。气微,味微苦。性味:苦、甘,寒。归肝、胃经。具有清热解毒,消肿散结,利尿通淋之功能。用于疔疮肿毒,乳痈,瘰疠,目赤,咽痛,肺痈,肠痈,湿热黄疸,热淋涩痛等的治疗。茵陈主要为菊科植物滨蒿或茵陈蒿的干燥地上部分。春季幼苗高6~10cm时采收或秋季花蕾长成时采割,除去杂质及老茎,晒干。春季采收的习称“绵茵陈”,秋季采割的称“茵陈蒿”。气清香,味微苦。性味:苦、辛,微寒。归脾、胃、肝、胆经。具有清湿热,退黄疸之功能。用于黄疸尿少,湿疮瘙痒;传染性黄疸型肝炎等的治疗。柴胡主要为伞形科植物柴胡的干燥根。气微香,味微苦。性味:苦,微寒。归肝、胆经。具有和解表里,疏肝,升阳之功能。用于感冒发热,寒热往来,胸胁胀痛,月经不调,子官脱垂,脱肛等的治疗。
抗病毒注射液制剂主要用于抗病毒及抗菌消炎药,也可与其他药物配合使用治疗流行性出血热早期病症。
药效学试验显示,射干抗病毒注射液制剂对多种细菌有不同程度的抑制和杀灭作用,如金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、甲乙型链球菌、肺炎球菌、流感嗜血杆菌。对志贺氏痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、霍乱弧菌、绿脓杆菌、人型结核杆菌、脑膜炎双球菌、流感病毒等有显著抑制作用,特别是可抑制耐药铜绿假单胞菌。对疱疹病毒有一定的延迟作用,能够抑制或延缓鼻病毒、腺病毒、柯萨奇病毒、埃可病毒、疱疹病毒致细胞病变作用。射干抗病毒注射液还具有抗内毒素作用以及增强免疫功能和解热作用。并且,由于注射剂可以避免首过效应,提高了药物的生物利用度,成为临床使用最为频繁的方式。
直肠给药是指通过肛门将药物送入肠管,通过直肠粘膜的迅速吸收进入大循环发挥药效,以治疗全身或局部疾病的给药方法。直肠给药它是继口服和注射之外的第三种给药方法,让患者在没有疼痛的状态下快乐实现就医。
现代医学研究证明:1、小儿直肠粘膜血液循环旺盛,吸收能力很强,药物可以通过三条途径进入血液循环:(1)通过直肠上静脉经门静脉进入肝脏代谢后循环全身;(2)通过直肠中静脉、下静脉及肛管静脉绕过肝脏直接进大循环;(3)通过直肠淋巴系统吸收后,经乳糜池,胸导管进入血液循环。
2、祖国医学认为:肺与大肠相表里,直肠吸入药物后通过经脉上输于肺,通
过肺的宣发作用输布全身,从而达到治疗的效果,直肠给药方便、快捷,减轻了患者的心理负担,减少患者的痛苦。
小儿发热、小儿急性上呼吸道感染、扁桃体炎、小儿支气管炎、肺炎、儿支气管哮喘、细菌性痢疾等多种疾病,疗效好,痛苦少,副作用小,适合基层开展各类治疗,并且具有较好的效果。
雾化吸入疗法是利用高速度气流将药物喷成雾状直接冲至小支气管、终末支气管及肺泡,使药物直接接触到病变处,从而提高局部药物浓度,起扩张支气管、消炎作用,并可保持气道湿润、稀化痰液以利排痰。因此,雾化吸入疗法对于咽炎、喉炎、肺炎、气管炎、支气管炎、肺癌、肺转移癌、并发有呼吸道、肺部感染患者有其重要的临床意义。
本发明所述方法以注射剂进行制备直肠给药制剂或雾化吸入制剂,进行临床给药,利用与现有技术适应症完全不同的给药途径,与现有肌肉注射方案相比,具有吸收快、避免首过效应、操作方便、无痛苦、无创伤、特别针对儿童患者易于接受,针对部分疾病直接作用于病变组织,显效快、增大了药物的生物利用度等特点,且对感染性疾病具有突出的治疗效果。
具体实施方式
本发明一种直肠或雾化吸入给药抗病毒注射液抗病毒制剂,所述抗病毒制剂的原料药组成为:射干4500~5500重量份,金银花3500~4500重量份,板蓝根 3500~4500重量份,佩兰2500~3500重量份,大青叶2500~3500重量份,蒲公英2000~3000重量份,茵陈1500~2500重量份,柴胡1000~2000重量份。
配方1:射干5000重量份,金银花4000重量份,板蓝根4000重量份,佩兰3000重量份,大青叶3000重量份,蒲公英2500重量份,茵陈2000重量份,柴胡1500重量份。
配方2:射干4500重量份,金银花4500重量份,板蓝根3500重量份,佩兰3500重量份,大青叶2500重量份,蒲公英3000重量份,茵陈1500重量份,柴胡2000重量份。
配方3:射干5500重量份,金银花3500重量份,板蓝根4500重量份,佩兰2500重量份,大青叶3500重量份,蒲公英2000重量份,茵陈2500重量份,柴胡1000重量份。
本发明所述抗病毒制剂制成注射液,并按照如下方法制备:按照选定的重量份取所述射干、金银花、板蓝根、佩兰、大青叶、蒲公英、茵陈、柴胡,加纯化水湿润后,加入药物重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经水蒸汽蒸馏得初馏液5000-6000 体积份,再进行重蒸馏,收集精馏液2000-3000体积份,然后在加入药材重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经过提取、浓缩、醇沉至3000-5000体积份.然后和精馏液 2000-3000体积份混合,加入8-10重量份氢氧化钠,搅匀,滤过,灌封,灭菌,即得。所述重量份与体积份的关系为g/mL的关系。
本发明注射液并采取直肠给药,且日用剂量为4-10mL。
本发明注射液还可以采取雾化吸入给药,且日用剂量为4-10mL。
Claims (6)
1.一种直肠或雾化吸入给药抗病毒制剂,其特征是所述抗病毒制剂原料药组成为:射干4500~5500重量份,金银花3500~4500重量份,板蓝根3500~4500重量份,佩兰2500~3500重量份,大青叶2500~3500重量份,蒲公英2000~3000重量份,茵陈1500~2500重量份,柴胡1000~2000重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种直肠或雾化吸入给药抗病毒制剂,其特征是所述抗病毒制剂的原料药组成为:射干5000重量份,金银花4000重量份,板蓝根4000重量份,佩兰3000重量份,大青叶3000重量份,蒲公英2500重量份,茵陈2000重量份,柴胡1500重量份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种直肠或雾化吸入给药抗病毒制剂,其特征是所述抗病毒制剂为注射剂,并按照如下方法制备:按照选定的重量份取所述射干、金银花、板蓝根、佩兰、大青叶、蒲公英、茵陈、柴胡,加纯化水湿润后,加入药物重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经水蒸汽蒸馏得初馏液5000-6000体积份,再进行重蒸馏,收集精馏液2000-3000体积份,然后在加入药材重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经过提取、浓缩、醇沉至3000-5000体积份.然后和精馏液2000-3000体积份混合,加入8-10重量份氢氧化钠,搅匀,滤过,灌封,灭菌,即得;所述重量份与体积份的关系为g/mL的关系。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征是按照如下方法制备:按照选定的重量份取所述射干、金银花、板蓝根、佩兰、大青叶、蒲公英、茵陈、柴胡,加纯化水湿润后,加入药物重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经水蒸汽蒸馏得初馏液5500体积份,再进行重蒸馏,收集精馏液2500体积份,然后在加入药材重量6-8倍量的纯化水,经过提取、浓缩、醇沉至3500体积份.然后和精馏液2500体积份混合,加入8.6重量份氢氧化钠,搅匀,滤过,灌封,灭菌,即得。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种直肠或雾化吸入给药抗病毒制剂,其特征是为注射剂,并采取直肠给药,且日用剂量为4-10mL。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种直肠或雾化吸入给药抗病毒制剂,其特征是为注射剂,并采取雾化吸入给药,且日用剂量为4-10mL。
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