CN109548722A - Bottom long line culture facility and its operational method outside gulf - Google Patents

Bottom long line culture facility and its operational method outside gulf Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109548722A
CN109548722A CN201811354395.XA CN201811354395A CN109548722A CN 109548722 A CN109548722 A CN 109548722A CN 201811354395 A CN201811354395 A CN 201811354395A CN 109548722 A CN109548722 A CN 109548722A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cage
main stalk
rope
breeding cage
stalk rope
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Withdrawn
Application number
CN201811354395.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
魏盛军
郑国富
陈思源
朱建康
张哲�
丁兰
蔡文鸿
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Fujian Fishery Resources Investigation Team
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Fujian Fishery Resources Investigation Team
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Priority to CN201811354395.XA priority Critical patent/CN109548722A/en
Publication of CN109548722A publication Critical patent/CN109548722A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/51Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides bottom long line culture facility and its operational method outside a kind of gulf, and, using ocean wave with the rule for increasing exponentially decaying of the depth of water, the long line culture facility that bottom waters is arranged in is greatly improved its anti-typhoon capacity for it;Seashell products safety in production can be carried out in sea area outside gulf, greatly improve cultivation survival rate, promote cultivation object quality;Breeding cage uses Floating arrangement form, can destroy to avoid by bottom mud, gravel, improve seashell products survival ability;Do mechanization operation can be carried out by matching the corresponding cage machine of having restricted that pulls out, and reduced labor intensity, improved production efficiency.

Description

Bottom long line culture facility and its operational method outside gulf
Technical field
The present invention relates to bottom long line culture facility and its operational methods outside a kind of gulf.
Background technique
Long line culture is mainly used in the cultivation of the economic products such as scallop, abalone, oyster.Long line culture is arranged at present The surface layer of seawater is concentrated mainly on sea area in gulf.Due to long-term without not immoderate, sacrificialing environment resource breeding way, lead to gulf Interior sea area water body aging, eutrophication, substrate aging, environmental pollution is serious, cause cultivation object disease take place frequently, survival rate it is low, To aquatic products, raiser causes huge economic losses, seriously affects the sound development of sea-farming industry.
Sea area possesses the waters that more extensively more preferably can be used for sea-farming outside gulf, integrates with big ocean current, possesses water body friendship The advantages of sea area does not have in the gulfs such as fast, self-purification capacity is strong, high oxygen content, depth of water depth are big is changed, is develop sea-farming excellent Good sea area.But sea area lacks the protection of natural barrier outside gulf, physical environment is more severe, and there are wind greatly, stream is anxious, the high spy of wave Under the weather such as point, especially typhoon, sea situation is more severe, and existing sea long line culture facility is mainly disposed to seawater surface, It is the maximum water layer of Lidar Equation, is unable to satisfy the safety requirements in aquaculture sea area outside gulf.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide for bottom long line culture facility and its operational method outside a kind of gulf, it, which has, combats typhoon Wind, can outside gulf sea area safety in production, manufacturing cost is cheap, do mechanization operation can be carried out, can be widely applied, cultivate object at The advantages that motility rate is high.
The invention is realized in this way bottom long line culture facility outside the gulf, it include moorstone, counterweight, position floating ball, Small floating body, breeding cage, main stalk rope, branch line:
1) moorstone selects best moorstone type according to arrangement sea area substrate situation, and safety coefficient reaches 3 or more;One Bottom long line culture facility configures two anchors, and anchor is equipped with hole or ring for fixing main stalk rope;
2) counterweight is A type counterweight and Type B counterweight, and A type counterweight is greater than Type B counterweight, and A type is restricted with the main stalk of ballast is reused in Operation part of restricting is remained in advance, Type B, which matches to be reused in, adjusts the position that main stalk rope is located at seawater bottom, keeps it in design water Layer;
3) the position floating ball is large volume floating ball, and quantity two, single buoyancy is greater than 100 kilograms, and position floating ball is located at On the outside of main stalk rope the last one breeding cage of two sides at 4-6 meters;
4) the small floating body is fixed as one with breeding cage, buoyancy (kilogram)=(breeding cage gravity+cultivation object gravity + floating body gravity+aufwuch gravity) X1.2;
5) breeding cage is stacked breeding cage;
6) the main stalk rope both ends tie up on moorstone, and length includes two parts, and first part is floating positioned at two positions Carry part between ball, is used for carry breeding cage, and length is 80-150 meters;Second part is between position floating ball and moorstone Appendage, main stalk rope side appendage length (rice) the ≈ climax depth of water+play cage machine is flat from water surface elevation+management ship operation Platform extremely plays orbital distance+2 between cage machine;
7) one position floating ball of carry, carry part interval are distinguished by connection branch line at the both ends of main stalk rope carry part Carry breeding cage, breeding cage spacing are 0.6-2 meters, one Type B counterweight of carry between two breeding cages;Main stalk rope appendage In, 2 meters of spacing carry A type counterweights are pressed close to 2/3 part of moorstone, in addition 1 meter of interval carry Type B counterweight is pressed in 1/3 part.
The carry rope length degree of Type B counterweight of the present invention is 1 meter, reaches the position for keeping main stalk rope to be in 1 meter from seabed; The distance of small floating body to main stalk rope on the breeding cage is 1.5 meters;The distance of bottom long line culture facility outside adjacent two gulfs It is 4-6 meters.
The operational method of bottom long line culture facility is outside gulf of the present invention:
1) when non-operation, main stalk rope is respectively positioned on underwater preset water layer with breeding cage, only floats on sea there are two position floating ball On;
2) when operation, aquaculture management ship is opened to the sea area arranged to bottom long line culture facility, is opened to connected two Between bottom long line culture facility, keep aquaculture management keel parallel with main stalk rope;
3) from the position floating ball of ship side two sides difference pull-up respective side, floating ball branch in position is pulled by the winch on ship Rope has been suspended in cage machine and mating mechanism until main stalk is restricted and pulls out the water surface;
4) cage machine has been started, pulling out the breeding cage on main stalk rope, counterweight by playing the main stalk rope of cage machine pulling, and one by one The water surface, two of management ship two sides play cage machine and need to be operated simultaneously, to keep hull balance;
5) when the main stalk rope of cage machine pulling, and the breeding cage drawing on main stalk rope has been stopped into cage machine to the position of station, Breeding cage is laid flat and is placed on station, poultry feeders can carry out relevant production management operation to breeding cage, wait operate Finish, be again started up cage machine, the breeding cage operated is sent back to it is marine, by the breeding cage not operated draw to operation put down Platform;
6) by pulling main stalk rope → breeding cage to reach operating platform → stopping cage and carrying out production management operation → again It is secondary that the next breeding cage production management of main stalk rope progress is pulled to operate, it is so constant until main obstruct all breeding cages on restricting Production management is completed, a bottom long line culture furnished equipments management can be completed.
The invention has the advantages that being arranged with the rule for increasing exponentially decaying of the depth of water bottom of at using ocean wave The long line culture facility in layer waters is greatly improved its anti-typhoon capacity;It can keep the safety in production in sea area, greatly improve outside gulf Cultivation survival rate promotes cultivation object quality;Breeding cage uses Floating arrangement form, can be to avoid by bottom mud, sand Gravel destroys, and improves survival ability;Do mechanization operation can be carried out by matching the corresponding cage machine of having restricted that pulls out, and reduced labor intensity, improved life Produce efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that bottom prolongs the feeding Bao facility arrangement schematic diagram of rope outside single gulf of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that bottom prolongs the feeding Bao facility arrangement schematic top plan view of rope outside a plurality of gulf of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that bottom prolongs the feeding Bao furnished equipments operation chart of rope outside gulf of the present invention.
In figure: 1. moorstones;2.A type counterweight;3.B type counterweight;4. position floating ball;5. small floating body;6. breeding cage;7. main stalk Rope;8. branch line;9. cage machine;10. operating platform;11. managing ship;12. appendage;13. carry part;14. seabed;15. Climax sea level;16. low tide sea level.
Specific embodiment
Bottom long line culture facility and its operational method outside gulf of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1-3, to support in embodiment Bao Zuowei is illustrated, is readily applicable to other aquacultures, such as scallop, oyster.
(1) moorstone 1 is configured according to specific aquaculture sea area substrate situation, and gravity anchor can be used, it can also be used His form, but must assure that safety coefficient reaches 3 or more, a usual bottom, which prolongs rope type, supports Bao facility and configures two anchors, anchor On be provided with for fix it is main stalk rope hole or ring.
(2) counterweight uses blocks of natural stone or concrete block, and unavailable sandbag replaces, and counterweight mainly has A type counterweight 2 With 3 two kinds of Type B counterweight, 2 mass of A type counterweight is greater than Type B counterweight 3, and A type counterweight 2 has remained for work of restricting for ballast main stalk rope 7 in advance Industry part avoids the main stalk rope in the part from drifting with current, and Type B counterweight 3 is mainly used for adjusting the position that main stalk rope 7 is located at seawater bottom It sets, keeps it in design water layer, the carry rope length degree of usual Type B counterweight is set as 1m, reaches and main stalk rope 7 is kept to be in from sea The position of bottom 1m.The distance of small floating body to main stalk rope on the breeding cage is 1.5 meters.
(3) the position floating ball 4 is large volume floating ball, and single buoyancy is greater than 100kg, and floating ball surface is white or Exocarpium Citri Rubrum Color, a usual bottom prolong rope and support Bao facility 2 position floating balls of configuration, and position floating ball is connected on main stalk rope 7, is located at main stalk and restricts At the 6 outside about 5m of the last one breeding cage of upper two sides.
(4) the small floating body 5, is fixed as one with breeding cage 6, and shape has according to the breeding cage that raiser selects Body configuration guarantees small floating body 5 and 6 fixing-stable of breeding cage, and does not influence production operation;Its buoyancy is greater than breeding cage, breeding cage Interior cultivation object and floating body itself three consider the influence of aufwuch, also reserve centainly in the sum of the gravity of seawater weight Buoyancy.The breeding cage specification that the occurrence of buoyancy is selected according to raiser calculates, calculation formula be small floating body buoyancy=(support Grow cage gravity+cultivation object gravity+floating body gravity+aufwuch gravity) * 1.2, wherein above-mentioned gravity is the weight in seawater Power.
(5) breeding cage 6 is stacked breeding cage, for placing cultivation object, provides living space for cultivation object, Corresponding configuration is carried out according to different breeding object simultaneously, when cultivating object is abalone, multi-disc tag is set in cultivation, can be Abalone provides enough spaces of crawling;When cultivating object is scallop, cancels tag, reserve the movable space of enough scallops, with This analogizes.
(6) the main stalk rope 7, which prolongs to restrict for bottom, supports the crucial carry component of Bao facility.7 both ends systems of main stalk rope tie up at two On moorstone 1, length includes two parts, and first part is the carry part 13 between two position floating balls 4, which uses In carry breeding cage, length is usually 80-150m;Appendage 12 of the second part between position floating ball 4 and moorstone 1, The both ends of main stalk rope 7 respectively have one section, and equal length, the partial-length is according to the depth of water, tidal range, cage machine from water surface elevation, pipe The operating platform for managing ship is determined to orbital distance between cage machine is played, and can refer to formula: main stalk rope appendage length (one Side) the ≈ climax depth of water+play cage machine from water surface elevation+management ship operating platform to orbital distance+2 between cage machine.
(7) one position floating ball 4 of carry is distinguished by connection branch line 8 at the both ends of 7 carry parts 13 of main stalk rope, position is floating Ball 4 floats on sea, for prompting this facility in marine position;In main stalk rope carry part carry breeding cage at equal intervals, cultivation Cage one end is connected on main stalk rope by branch line, and the other end fixes a small floating body, keeps breeding cage by the buoyancy of small floating body In water in projecting suspended state;6 carry spacing of breeding cage can be between 0.6-2m.Two adjacent breeding cages 6 it Between one Type B counterweight 3 of carry.Main stalk is restricted in 7 appendages 12, presses 2m spacing carry A type counterweight close to 2/3 part of moorstone 1, Press the interval 1m carry Type B counterweight in other 1/3 part.Main stalk rope is stablized with being reused in the part, and so that main stalk is restricted will not be because of water flow Effect and wave everywhere;The feeding Bao facility of rope is prolonged into side by side parallel arrangement (such as Fig. 2) in seabed outside a plurality of gulf.
Seabed 14, climax sea level 15, low tide sea level 16 are further marked in Fig. 1;Cage machine 9 is further marked in Fig. 3, operation is put down Platform 10, management ship 11.In Fig. 2, the distance that bottom prolongs feeding Bao facility of restricting outside adjacent two gulfs is 5 meters.
The operational method of bottom long line culture facility is outside gulf of the present invention:
1) when non-operation, main stalk rope is respectively positioned on underwater preset water layer with breeding cage, only floats on sea there are two position floating ball On;
2) when operation, aquaculture management ship is opened to the sea area arranged to bottom long line culture facility, is opened to connected two Between bottom long line culture facility, keep aquaculture management keel parallel with main stalk rope;
3) from the position floating ball of ship side two sides difference pull-up respective side, floating ball branch in position is pulled by the winch on ship Rope has been suspended in cage machine and mating mechanism until main stalk is restricted and pulls out the water surface;
4) cage machine has been started, pulling out the breeding cage on main stalk rope, counterweight by playing the main stalk rope of cage machine pulling, and one by one The water surface, two of management ship two sides play cage machine and need to be operated simultaneously, to keep hull balance;
5) when the main stalk rope of cage machine pulling, and the breeding cage drawing on main stalk rope has been stopped into cage machine to the position of station, Breeding cage is laid flat and is placed on station, poultry feeders can carry out relevant production management operation to breeding cage, wait operate Finish, be again started up cage machine, the breeding cage operated is sent back to it is marine, by the breeding cage not operated draw to operation put down Platform;
6) by pulling main stalk rope → breeding cage to reach operating platform → stopping cage and carrying out production management operation → again It is secondary that the next breeding cage production management of main stalk rope progress is pulled to operate, it is so constant until main obstruct all breeding cages on restricting Production management is completed, a bottom long line culture furnished equipments management can be completed.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for this field For technical staff, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. bottom long line culture facility outside gulf, it includes moorstone, counterweight, position floating ball, small floating body, breeding cage, main stalk rope, branch Rope, it is characterized in that:
1) moorstone uses gravity anchor, and safety coefficient reaches 3 or more;One bottom long line culture facility configures two anchors, Anchor is equipped with hole or ring for fixing main stalk rope;
2) counterweight is A type counterweight and Type B counterweight, and A type counterweight is greater than Type B counterweight, and A type is reserved with the main stalk rope of ballast is reused in For playing rope operation part, Type B, which matches to be reused in, adjusts the position that main stalk rope is located at seawater bottom, keeps it in design water layer;
3) the position floating ball is large volume floating ball, and quantity two, single buoyancy is greater than 100 kilograms, and position floating ball is located at main stalk On the outside of rope the last one breeding cage of two sides at 4-6 meters;
4) the small floating body is fixed as one with breeding cage, buoyancy (kilogram)=(breeding cage gravity+cultivation object gravity+floating Weight power+aufwuch gravity) X1.2;
5) breeding cage is stacked breeding cage;
6) main stalk rope both ends tie up on moorstone, and length includes two parts, first part be positioned at two position floating balls it Between carry part, be used for carry breeding cage, length be 80-150 meters;Second part is attached between position floating ball and moorstone Belong to part, main stalk rope side appendage length (rice)=climax depth of water+play cage machine extremely from water surface elevation+management ship operating platform Play orbital distance+2 between cage machine;
7) one position floating ball of carry, carry part interval carry are distinguished by connection branch line at the both ends of main stalk rope carry part Breeding cage, breeding cage spacing are 0.6-2 meters, one Type B counterweight of carry between two breeding cages;In main stalk rope appendage, lean on 2 meters of spacing carry A type counterweights are pressed in 2/3 part of nearly moorstone, and in addition 1 meter of interval carry Type B counterweight is pressed in 1/3 part.
2. bottom long line culture facility outside gulf according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the carry rope length degree of the Type B counterweight It is 1 meter, reaches the position for keeping main stalk rope to be in 1 meter from seabed;The distance of small floating body on the breeding cage to main stalk rope is 1.5 rice;The distance of bottom long line culture facility is 4-6 meters outside adjacent two gulfs.
3. the operational method of bottom long line culture facility outside gulf as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that:
1) when non-operation, main stalk rope is respectively positioned on underwater preset water layer with breeding cage, and it is floating across the sea that only there are two position floating balls;
2) when operation, aquaculture management ship is opened to the sea area arranged to bottom long line culture facility, is opened to two connected bottoms Between layer long line culture facility, keep aquaculture management keel parallel with main stalk rope;
3) from the position floating ball of ship side two sides difference pull-up respective side, floating ball branch line in position is pulled by the winch on ship, directly Main stalk rope is extremely pulled out the water surface to be suspended in cage machine and mating mechanism;
4) cage machine has been started, the breeding cage on main stalk rope, counterweight is pulled out into water by playing the main stalk rope of cage machine pulling, and one by one Face, two of management ship two sides play cage machine and need to be operated simultaneously, to keep hull balance;
5) when the main stalk rope of cage machine pulling, and the breeding cage drawing on main stalk rope cage machine has been stopped, having been rested to the position of station It grows cage and lays flat and be placed on station, poultry feeders can carry out relevant production management operation to breeding cage, to end of operation, then It is secondary to have started cage machine, the breeding cage operated is sent back to marine, the breeding cage not operated is drawn to operating platform;
6) it is drawn again by pulling main stalk rope → breeding cage to reach operating platform → stopping plays cage and carries out production management operation → It moves main stalk rope and carries out next breeding cage production management operation, it is so constant until all breeding cages on main stalk rope are complete At production management, a bottom long line culture furnished equipments management can be completed.
CN201811354395.XA 2018-11-14 2018-11-14 Bottom long line culture facility and its operational method outside gulf Withdrawn CN109548722A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114885878A (en) * 2022-03-23 2022-08-12 福建省水产研究所(福建水产病害防治中心) Underwater culture system, culture mechanism and operation method for reducing biological adhesion

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101438685A (en) * 2007-11-22 2009-05-27 浙江海洋学院 Moveable bottom-raft type cultivation system
CN102499160A (en) * 2011-11-18 2012-06-20 王春忠 Floating and rope extending type aquaculture facility and method
CN205546995U (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-09-07 防城港海世通食品有限公司 Three fens firm systems of anchor style deep sea box with a net
CN106259064A (en) * 2016-08-04 2017-01-04 福建省万利鸿海珍品有限公司 Cultivating system and cultural method
CN107173291A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-19 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 A kind of high rigidity list anchor leg single point mooring system suitable for deep water mesh cage
CN208064243U (en) * 2018-02-12 2018-11-09 厦门屿点海洋科技有限公司 A kind of wind and wave resistance lift aquaculture net cage

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101438685A (en) * 2007-11-22 2009-05-27 浙江海洋学院 Moveable bottom-raft type cultivation system
CN102499160A (en) * 2011-11-18 2012-06-20 王春忠 Floating and rope extending type aquaculture facility and method
CN205546995U (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-09-07 防城港海世通食品有限公司 Three fens firm systems of anchor style deep sea box with a net
CN106259064A (en) * 2016-08-04 2017-01-04 福建省万利鸿海珍品有限公司 Cultivating system and cultural method
CN107173291A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-19 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 A kind of high rigidity list anchor leg single point mooring system suitable for deep water mesh cage
CN208064243U (en) * 2018-02-12 2018-11-09 厦门屿点海洋科技有限公司 A kind of wind and wave resistance lift aquaculture net cage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114885878A (en) * 2022-03-23 2022-08-12 福建省水产研究所(福建水产病害防治中心) Underwater culture system, culture mechanism and operation method for reducing biological adhesion

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