CN109539788B

CN109539788B - Continuous feeding structure for vacuum smelting furnace

Info

Publication number: CN109539788B
Application number: CN201811372079.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 羊实; 庹开正
Original assignee: Jiangsu Silicon Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Silicon Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-16
Filing date: 2018-11-16
Publication date: 2020-03-20
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-16
Also published as: CN109539788A

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous feeding structure for a vacuum smelting furnace, which comprises a smelting furnace body, a feeding chamber and a gate valve, wherein the top of the feeding chamber is closed, the top of the feeding chamber is provided with a feeding opening, an airtight valve is arranged in the feeding opening, the continuous feeding structure also comprises a driving device, a turntable is arranged above the driving device, through holes are annularly distributed on the turntable, a storage vat is arranged above each through hole, and an electric control valve is arranged in each storage vat; each through hole is provided with a number signboard which is positioned on the bottom surface of the turntable, and the side wall of the charging chamber is provided with a recognition device; the input end of the controller is connected with the recognition device, and the output end of the controller is connected with each electric control valve. The invention is used for solving the problems of low continuity of the feeding process, low overall efficiency of workers and extremely low time utilization rate when the feeding chamber is adopted for feeding in the vacuum melting furnace in the prior art, and achieves the purposes of improving the concentration of the operation of the feeding chamber of the vacuum melting furnace, reducing the time consumed by the workers and improving the overall feeding efficiency.

Description

Continuous feeding structure for vacuum smelting furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of vacuum smelting, in particular to a continuous feeding structure for a vacuum smelting furnace.

Background

Vacuum melting refers to a special melting technique in which melting is performed under vacuum conditions. Mainly comprises vacuum induction melting, vacuum arc remelting and electron beam melting. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, particularly with the rapid progress of aerospace, ocean development, energy development and electronic industry, increasingly high requirements are put on the varieties, the yield and particularly the quality of metal materials or non-metal materials. For vacuum melting, the feeding structure of the melting furnace is much more complicated than that of a common melting furnace, because the feeding mechanism of the vacuum melting furnace is required to ensure that raw materials are conveyed to a specified position and the vacuum degree of the system is not damaged. The feeding of the existing vacuum melting furnace mainly has two modes, the first mode is that raw materials to be melted are added into a system at one time, and the feeding is not supplemented in the whole melting process, so that the vacuum degree of the system is not influenced. The other feeding mode is a feeding mode by adopting a feeding chamber, the smelting chamber and the feeding chamber are separated by a valve, when secondary feeding is needed, the smelting chamber is still kept in a vacuum state, only the feeding chamber is communicated with the atmosphere, after the feeding is finished, the feeding chamber is firstly vacuumized, and after the feeding chamber reaches a certain vacuum degree, the feeding chamber is communicated with the smelting chamber to start to smelt again, so that the traditional continuous feeding and continuous smelting can be realized. However, the conventional continuous feeding refers to secondary or tertiary feeding in the smelting process, when raw materials are added into the feeding chamber, the problems of slow progress, low continuity, overlong opening time of the feeding chamber and the like still exist, manual long-time manual physical work of workers on the feeding chamber is required for each feeding, the labor time consumption is high, the workers cannot leave the feeding chamber between two adjacent times of feeding, the next feeding needs to be prepared at any time, the workers are busy or idle, the overall efficiency is low, and the time utilization rate is extremely low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a continuous feeding structure for a vacuum smelting furnace, which solves the problems of low continuity of a feeding process, low overall efficiency of workers and extremely low time utilization rate when a feeding chamber is used for feeding in the vacuum smelting furnace in the prior art, and achieves the purposes of improving the operation concentration of the feeding chamber of the vacuum smelting furnace, reducing the time consumed by the workers for feeding and improving the overall feeding efficiency.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a continuous feeding structure for a vacuum smelting furnace comprises a smelting furnace body, a feeding chamber arranged above the smelting furnace body, a gate valve arranged between the feeding chamber and the smelting furnace body, a closed top of the feeding chamber, a feeding opening arranged at the top of the feeding chamber, a feeding opening communicated with the inside of the feeding chamber, and an airtight valve arranged in the feeding opening, and further comprises a driving device arranged at the top of the feeding chamber, wherein a turntable is arranged above the driving device, the driving device is used for driving the turntable to rotate, N through holes are annularly distributed on the turntable, wherein N is larger than or equal to 4, a storage barrel fixed on the turntable is arranged above each through hole, the storage barrel is communicated with the corresponding through hole, and an electric control valve is arranged at a low position in the storage barrel; the feed inlet is positioned right below a circular ring formed by the N through holes in a surrounding manner; each through hole is provided with a serial number signboard which is positioned on the bottom surface of the turntable, the outer side wall of the charging opening is provided with a recognition device used for recognizing the serial number signboard, and when one serial number signboard is over against the recognition device, the through hole corresponding to the serial number signboard is over against the charging opening; the automatic identification device is characterized by further comprising a controller, wherein the input end of the controller is connected with the identification device, the output end of the controller is connected with each electric control valve, and the controller is used for controlling the opening and closing of each electric control valve.

Aiming at the problems of low continuity of the feeding process, low overall efficiency of workers and extremely low time utilization rate when a feeding chamber is used for feeding in a vacuum melting furnace in the prior art, the invention provides a continuous feeding structure for the vacuum melting furnace. The top of the loading chamber is closed, and only the feeding port is communicated with the inside of the loading chamber, so that the raw materials are added from the feeding port at the top of the loading chamber. An airtight valve is arranged in the feeding port, so that the feeding port can not interfere with the vacuum pumping of the feeding chamber, and when the airtight valve is opened, raw materials can be added into the feeding chamber through the feeding port; when the air-tight valve is closed, the raw material can not be added. The driving device is arranged at the top of the charging chamber, the turntable is arranged above the driving device, the turntable is driven to rotate by the driving device, N through holes are annularly distributed in the turntable, the through holes are communicated with the turntable from top to bottom, the storage barrels are arranged in the turntable, each storage barrel corresponds to one through hole, the electric control valve is arranged at the lower position in the storage barrels, and when the electric control valve is opened, the storage barrels are communicated with the corresponding through holes. Every through-hole all is provided with a serial number signboard, the serial number signboard is located the carousel bottom surface, the charge door lateral wall sets up recognition device, recognition device is used for discerning the serial number signboard. The charge chamber is located N through-holes around the ring that forms under, consequently along with the rotation of carousel, each through-hole can be through the charge door directly over one by one to make each storage vat also can be through the charge door directly over one by one. When the automatic feeding device is used, a worker only needs to add raw materials into all the storage barrels at one time and keep all the electric control valves in a closed state, all the raw materials to be added subsequently are temporarily stored in the storage barrels, when the raw materials are required to be added into the smelting furnace body, the airtight valve in the feeding port is opened firstly, the rotary disc is rotated through the driving device, when the identification device identifies any number identification plate, the rotary disc is stopped from rotating, the through hole corresponding to the number identification plate faces the feeding port, the identification device sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the electric control valve in the storage barrel above the through hole corresponding to the number identification plate to be opened, the raw materials in the storage barrel automatically fall under the action of gravity, and enter the feeding port through the corresponding through hole. The rotation stop of the turntable can also be controlled by the controller after the controller receives the signal of the identification device. Because airtight valve is in the open mode, consequently the raw materials that get into in the charge door can get into the charging chamber through the charge door in, treat that there is sufficient raw materials in the charging chamber after, close airtight valve and the automatically controlled valve in the storage vat of unloading for become airtight space in the charging chamber, can carry out the normal evacuation operation in the charging chamber this moment, normal vacuum melting furnace charging operation is accomplished to the rethread opening slide valve. Wherein, after the raw materials in a storage vat added, only need to continue to rotate the carousel, can switch to next storage vat and continue to add the raw materials. The invention has simple structure and convenient use, workers can leave a smelting furnace area to perform other operations only by filling all the storage barrels with raw materials at one time, the subsequent operation and control can be completely realized by a remote or existing control device such as a single chip microcomputer, a PLC and the like, and the rest of the working time is not wasted to wait at the smelting furnace, so the invention can efficiently solve the problems of low continuity of the feeding process, low overall efficiency of the workers and extremely low time utilization rate when the vacuum smelting furnace adopts a feeding chamber for feeding in the prior art, and realizes the purposes of improving the operation centralization of the feeding chamber of the vacuum smelting furnace, reducing the time consumed by the workers and improving the overall feeding efficiency.

Preferably, the airtight valve is a butterfly valve.

Preferably, the feed inlet is in a funnel shape with a large upper part and a small lower part. The raw materials can fall from the charging opening smoothly, and the containing capacity of the raw materials is improved.

Preferably, the driving device is a stepping motor. And the control precision and accuracy are improved.

Preferably, the corresponding central angle between two adjacent through holes is 60 °. In this scheme because the central angle that corresponds between two adjacent through-holes is 60, consequently has six through-holes altogether, and it has six storage vats to supply to use to correspond.

Preferably, the number signboard is a bar code, and the identification device is a radio frequency identification module. The bar code is scanned through the radio frequency identification module, and then the bar code can be accurately and quickly identified.

Preferably, a rubber sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the feed inlet and the feed chamber. The sealing performance between the feeding chamber and the feeding opening is improved through the rubber sealing ring, and the working stability of the feeding chamber is improved.

Preferably, the axis of the through hole is collinear with the axis of the storage barrel, and the aperture of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the storage barrel. In the scheme, the through hole is completely opposite to the storage barrel, raw materials in the storage barrel can completely fall into the through hole, the utilization rate of the raw materials is improved, the residual quantity is reduced, and the waste of the raw materials can be reduced to the greatest extent.

Preferably, still including setting up spirit level, the linear guide of carousel upper surface, the linear guide crosses the carousel centre of a circle, sets up the balancing weight on the linear guide, the balancing weight can move on the linear guide. When equal raw materials are loaded in each storage bucket, the center of gravity of the rotary table is basically kept at the center of the circle, the driving device is stressed uniformly in each direction of the output end, when the raw materials in the storage barrel in a certain direction are gradually added, the center of gravity of the rotary table shifts, the output end of the driving device is stressed unevenly, the load starts to become uneven for the drive, the force applied to the output end of the drive also starts to become inclined and unstable, this results in a considerable reduction in the service life of the drive, which is the solution to overcome the above-mentioned problems, so that by means of the construction of the linear guide and the counterweight, so that an operator can observe through the level meter and push the balancing weight to move on the linear guide rail, thereby the whole focus position of adjustment carousel ensures that the carousel focus is placed in the middle, ensures that drive arrangement atress is even to ensure drive arrangement's life.

Preferably, the linear guide rail is a rack, the balancing weight is internally provided with a motor, the driving end of the motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack. In the scheme, the motor drives the gear to rotate on the rack, and the rack is fixed on the turntable, so that only the gear can rotate along the rack, and the balancing weight is driven to move on the rack, the position of the balancing weight is adjusted, and the automation degree of the invention is improved. Preferably, the automatic adjustment of the counterweight block can be realized by the controller receiving the signal of the electronic level meter: the electronic level meter judges that the turntable inclines to one side, and after the controller receives a signal of the electronic level meter, the controller controls the motor to drive the balancing weight to move towards the opposite direction of the inclination direction until the electronic level meter monitors that the turntable is horizontal again.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

according to the continuous feeding structure for the vacuum smelting furnace, workers only need to fill all the storage barrels with raw materials at one time, and can leave the smelting furnace area to perform other operations, and other working time does not need to be wasted to wait at the smelting furnace.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a turntable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a loading chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-a smelting furnace body, 2-a feeding chamber, 3-a gate valve, 4-a feeding port, 5-a driving device, 6-a rotary table, 7-an airtight valve, 8-a through hole, 9-a storage barrel, 10-an electric control valve, 11-a number signboard, 12-a recognition device, 13-a rubber sealing ring, 14-a linear guide rail, 15-a balancing weight and 16-a level gauge.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

Example 1:

the continuous feeding structure for the vacuum smelting furnace shown in fig. 1 to 3 comprises a smelting furnace body 1, a feeding chamber 2 arranged above the smelting furnace body 1, a gate valve 3 arranged between the feeding chamber 2 and the smelting furnace body 1, the top of the feeding chamber 2 is closed, the top of the feeding chamber 2 is provided with a feeding port 4, the feeding port 4 is communicated with the inside of the feeding chamber 2, an airtight valve 7 is arranged in the feeding port 4, the continuous feeding structure further comprises a driving device 5 arranged at the top of the feeding chamber 2, a rotary table 6 is arranged above the driving device 5, the driving device 5 is used for driving the rotary table 6 to rotate, N through holes 8 are annularly distributed on the rotary table 6, wherein N is larger than or equal to 4, a storage barrel 9 fixed on the rotary table 6 is arranged above each through hole 8, the storage barrel 9 is communicated with the corresponding through hole 8, and an electrically controlled valve 10 is arranged at a low; the feed inlet 4 is positioned right below a circular ring formed by the N through holes 8; each through hole 8 is provided with a number signboard 11, the number signboard 11 is positioned on the bottom surface of the turntable 6, the outer side wall of the charging port 4 is provided with a recognition device 12, the recognition device 12 is used for recognizing the number signboard 11, and when one number signboard 11 is over against the recognition device 12, the through hole 8 corresponding to the number signboard 11 is over against the charging port 4; the automatic control device is characterized by further comprising a controller, wherein the input end of the controller is connected with the recognition device 12, the output end of the controller is connected with each electric control valve 10, and the controller is used for controlling the opening and closing of each electric control valve 10. When this embodiment is during specific use, the workman only need once only all add the raw materials and keep all automatically controlled valves all to be in closed condition in all storage silos 9, all raw materials of follow-up required interpolation are all kept in storage silos 9 this moment, when needs add the raw materials to smelting furnace body 1, at first open the airtight valve in the charge door, rotate the carousel through drive arrangement, when any serial number signboard is discerned to recognition device, stop the carousel and rotate, the through-hole that this serial number signboard corresponds is just right at this moment the charge door, recognition device sends the signal to the controller, the automatically controlled valve in the storage silo 9 of the through-hole top that this serial number signboard corresponds is controlled to the controller and is opened, the raw materials that are located in this storage silo 9 falls automatically under the action of gravity, get into in the charge door through the through-hole that corresponds. The rotation stop of the turntable can also be controlled by the controller after the controller receives the signal of the identification device. Because airtight valve is in the open mode, consequently the raw materials that get into in the charge door can get into the charging chamber through the charge door in, treat that there is sufficient raw materials in the charging chamber after, close airtight valve and the automatically controlled valve in the storage vat 9 of unloading for become airtight space in the charging chamber, can carry out the normal evacuation operation in the charging chamber this moment, normal vacuum melting furnace charging operation is accomplished to the rethread opening slide valve.

Example 2:

in a continuous feeding structure for a vacuum melting furnace shown in fig. 1 to 4, the airtight valve 7 is a butterfly valve based on embodiment 1. The feed inlet 4 is funnel-shaped with a large upper part and a small lower part. The driving device 5 is a stepping motor. The corresponding central angle between two adjacent through holes 8 is 60 degrees. The number signboard 11 is a bar code, and the identification device 12 is a radio frequency identification module. And a rubber sealing ring 13 is arranged at the joint of the feed inlet 4 and the feed chamber 2. The axis of the through hole 8 is collinear with the axis of the storage barrel 9, and the aperture of the through hole 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the storage barrel. The automatic leveling device is characterized by further comprising a level meter 16 and a linear guide rail 14, wherein the level meter and the linear guide rail 14 are arranged on the upper surface of the rotary table 6, the linear guide rail 14 passes through the circle center of the rotary table, a balancing weight 15 is arranged on the linear guide rail 14, and the balancing weight 15 can move on the linear guide rail 14. The linear guide rail 14 is a rack, the balancing weight 15 is internally provided with a motor, the driving end of the motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous feeding structure for a vacuum smelting furnace comprises a smelting furnace body (1) and a feeding chamber (2) arranged above the smelting furnace body (1), wherein a gate valve (3) is arranged between the feeding chamber (2) and the smelting furnace body (1), and is characterized in that the top of the feeding chamber (2) is sealed, a feeding opening (4) is arranged at the top of the feeding chamber (2), the feeding opening (4) is communicated with the inside of the feeding chamber (2), an airtight valve (7) is arranged in the feeding opening (4), the continuous feeding structure further comprises a driving device (5) arranged at the top of the feeding chamber (2), a rotary disc (6) is arranged above the driving device (5), the driving device (5) is used for driving the rotary disc (6) to rotate, N through holes (8) are annularly distributed on the rotary disc (6), wherein N is more than or equal to 4, a storage barrel (9) fixed on the rotary disc (6) is arranged above each through hole (, the storage barrels (9) are communicated with the corresponding through holes (8), and electric control valves (10) are arranged at low positions in the storage barrels (9); the feed inlet (4) is positioned right below a circular ring formed by the N through holes (8) in a surrounding manner; each through hole (8) is provided with a numbering signboard (11), the numbering signboard (11) is positioned on the bottom surface of the rotary table (6), the outer side wall of the charging opening (4) is provided with a recognition device (12), the recognition device (12) is used for recognizing the numbering signboard (11), and when one numbering signboard (11) is over against the recognition device (12), the through hole (8) corresponding to the numbering signboard (11) is over against the charging opening (4); the automatic identification device is characterized by further comprising a controller, wherein the input end of the controller is connected with the identification device (12), the output end of the controller is connected with each electric control valve (10), and the controller is used for controlling the opening and closing of each electric control valve (10);

the device is characterized by further comprising a level meter (16) and a linear guide rail (14) which are arranged on the upper surface of the turntable (6), wherein the linear guide rail (14) passes through the center of the turntable, a balancing weight (15) is arranged on the linear guide rail (14), and the balancing weight (15) can move on the linear guide rail (14); the linear guide rail (14) is a rack, the balancing weight (15) is internally provided with a motor, the driving end of the motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack.

2. A continuous feeding structure for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the gastight valve (7) is a butterfly valve.

3. A continuous feeding structure for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging opening (4) is funnel-shaped with a large top and a small bottom.

4. A continuous feeding structure for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving means (5) is a stepping motor.

5. A continuous feeding structure for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the corresponding central angle between two adjacent through holes (8) is 60 °.

6. The continuous feeding structure for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the number signboard (11) is a bar code and the identification means (12) is a radio frequency identification module.

7. A continuous feeding structure for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a rubber packing (13) is provided at the junction of the charging opening (4) and the charging chamber (2).

8. A continuous feeding structure for a vacuum smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the through-hole (8) is collinear with the axis of the storage bin (9), and the diameter of the through-hole (8) is the same as the inner diameter of the storage bin.