CN109526911A - The field acquisition device and application method of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and pupa - Google Patents
The field acquisition device and application method of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and pupa Download PDFInfo
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- CN109526911A CN109526911A CN201910057571.1A CN201910057571A CN109526911A CN 109526911 A CN109526911 A CN 109526911A CN 201910057571 A CN201910057571 A CN 201910057571A CN 109526911 A CN109526911 A CN 109526911A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M3/00—Manual implements, other than sprayers or powder distributors, for catching or killing insects, e.g. butterfly nets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M3/00—Manual implements, other than sprayers or powder distributors, for catching or killing insects, e.g. butterfly nets
- A01M3/005—Manual suction tools for catching insects
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and the field acquisition device and application method of pupa, which includes insect sucking device and the storage worm case for containing insect sucking device；Insect sucking device of the present invention includes collecting bottle and collector；Collecting bottle is made of acquisition body and acquisition bottle cap；Collector structure is, including a flexible bulb, is connected with sampling hose in the front end of flexible bulb, rigid funnel structure is connected in the rear end of flexible bulb；It is wherein sealedly and fixedly connected at the major part of funnel structure with flexibility bulb, so far constitutes and be connected between sampling hose, flexible bulb and funnel structure three；Spiral bayonet is fixedly installed in the junction of funnel structure and flexible bulb；Collector is fastenedly connected by spiral bayonet and acquisition body.The present invention solves the difficulty that must be shifted to storage worm container after entomologizing using traditional pooter using changeable type collecting bottle, is also convenient for a large amount of parasitic bee imagos and by the acquisition and transport of parasitic ovum.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of technical field of insect collection, and in particular to the field of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and pupa is adopted
Acquisition means.
Background technique
Aleyrodid is subordinate to Semiptera (Hemiptera), Aleyrodidae (Aleyrodidae), is that a kind of figure agriculturally is micro-
It is small, serious plant-feed insect of causing harm.Aleyrodid is mainly directly by piercing and sucking feeding plant phloem sap with adult, nymph
Evil host plant, can also secrete honeydew, induce mycotic generation, Pollution Plant；Meanwhile aleyrodid is the important of many virosis
Communication media, such as Bemisia tabaci can propagate a variety of viruses such as geminivirus infection, cause the prevalence of host plant virosis.As important
Economic pest, Bemisia tabaci are one of the torrid zone, subtropical zone protecting field and primary pest of field crop, are easily broken out into after invasion
Calamity, and be difficult to block its expansion trend, the highest attention by whole world scholar.The common aleyrodid class pest in China has: tobacco powder
Hidden kind of lice MED (Type B Bemisia tabaci), hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Q type Bemisia tabaci).Hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MED, also known as Bemisia argentifolii are
The dominant population that China is invaded in 24 bions of reported Bemisia tabaci, maximum to the threat of production, the malicious ability of biography is most strong,
As the important pests in the production of Cotton in China, vegetables and flowers and other crops, and cause tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease popular
The main reason for propagation.It is hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, big by its egg laying amount, it is strong to extreme temperature and Multiple Pesticides tolerance etc.
Advantage is worldwide spread.China's hidden kind of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 invasion of discovery for the first time in 2003, a few years,
China's Rapid Expansion, distribution have been expanded at least 16 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, and have and gradually to become instead of hidden kind of MED
Gesture.
Occurring and damage of the aleyrodid class pest in China has the long period, usually based on chemical prevention, but chemical prevention
The problems such as aleyrodid brings a series of negative effect, drug resistance, food safety, ecological risk is increasingly prominent.Therefore, biology is anti-
Controlling the advantages that environmental-friendly with its, with strong points is increasingly becoming aleyrodid study on prevention emphasis.The parasitic wasp of China's aleyrodid class pest
Wide variety, principally fall into Eretmocerus eremicus belong to Eretmocerus, grace Aphelinus Encarsia, an angstrom tranquil serphid belong to Amitus,
Stick Nikol Signiphora, Metaphycus Metaphycus.Encarsia formosa in grace Aphelinus can parasitic 8 aleyrodids
Belong to 15 kinds of hosts, main parasitic Bemisia tabaci and greenhouse whitefly nymph.Some researches show that Encarsia formosas can successfully control greenhouse powder
Lice is caused harm, and with the invasion of Type B Bemisia tabaci with break out, utilize the natural enemies such as Encarsia formosa control Type B Bemisia tabaci research
It is increasingly becoming new hot spot.It is all the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly in grace Aphelinus, average each female adult pest can lay eggs 70 left sides
When the right side with Type B Bemisia tabaci and Q type Bemisia tabaci is host, eclosion rate is up to 70% or so.Goethe grace aphid chalcid fly is to each age
Aleurodicus dispersus nymph can be parasitic, this kind of parasitic wasp prevention and treatment Aleurodicus dispersus has also successively been introduced on the ground such as Hawaii, Taiwan, is being printed
Degree, this kind of parasitic wasp reach as high as 96% to the parasitic rate of Aleurodicus dispersus, has stronger Natural control action and good answers
Use prospect.In addition, some parasitic wasps can also be increased breeding by feeding host tissue or hemolymph, extend the service life, to reach
To the effect of control pest population.Research finds that the Bemisia tabaci death rate lethal due to by pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly feeding reaches
59.7%, it is killed with the death rate class caused by parasitism；And the quantity of Encarsia formosa feeding Bemisia tabaci also the total lethal dose of Zhan 1/3.
The parasitic wasp of aleyrodid class pest usually originates in ovum in aleyrodid nymph or pseudo- pupal cell, larva host's tumor growth,
Development, when parasitic wasp is developed to pupa time, forms the deeper pupa of the colors such as a brown or black and is attached to vacuum side of blade.To powder
The field acquisition of the parasitic bee pupa of lice class pest usually acquisition is placed in valve bag with the plant leaf of parasitic bee pupa to be taken back.
Such acquisition method there is inconvenience in that valve bag quality is relatively soft, inevitably can be to plant leaf in acquisition transportational process
It causes to squeeze with parasitic bee pupa so that damage；Valve bag has preferable leakproofness, needs when without acquisition living insects
Ventilated function, and plant leaf is placed in closed valve bag can generate aqueous vapor, aqueous vapor aggregation also easily causes parasitic bee pupa
Damage.Traditional pooter is generally used to the acquisition of living body parasitism bee imago in field, traditional pooter is mentioned by mouth suction
For suction, it is unfavorable for human health in field environment；In addition, the storage worm ability of traditional pooter has certain limitation, work as storage
It must will could continue collecting work when to certain worm amount in the container that worm living is transferred to new storage insect, also pole in transfer process
Easily cause the damage and escape of living insects.
Summary of the invention
The present invention precisely in order to solves the problems, such as traditional pooter defect, provide a kind of structure simply, be easy to carry about with one, conveniently
The device of living body parasitic wasp acquisition and transport.The device is easy to use, hygienic, avoids living insects in traditional pooter use
The problem of the process shifted from pooter to storage worm container, makes acquisition become quick, simple；Meanwhile the carrying mode of obliquely carried over one shoulder
So that being able to both hands operation when acquisition, improve work efficiency.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization.
The field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and pupa, the device include insect sucking device and contain insect sucking device
Storage worm case；The invention is characterised in that the insect sucking device includes collecting bottle and collector；Collecting bottle is by acquisition body and adopts
Collect bottle cap composition；Collector structure is, including a flexible bulb, is connected with sampling hose in the front end of flexible bulb,
Rigid funnel structure is connected in the rear end of flexible bulb；It is wherein solid with flexible bulb sealing at the major part of funnel structure
Fixed connection is so far constituted between sampling hose, flexible bulb and funnel structure three and is connected to；In funnel structure and flexible bulb
Junction is fixedly installed spiral bayonet；Collector is fastenedly connected by spiral bayonet and acquisition body.With the replacement of flexible bulb
Mouth, which is inhaled, provides suction, guarantees the health of experimental work personnel；Funnel structure protrudes into inside storage worm container.The setting of funnel structure is
It is flown into flexible bulb (ball) again in order to avoid parasitic wasp is inhaled into after changeable type collecting bottle.Operator when acquisition
One hand-held insect sucking device, a hand hose line are sampled, and the length of hose is convenient for the operation of operator's both hands.Sample the straight of hose
The size of diameter and aleyrodid class parasitic wasp figure matches, and provides enough suction convenient for flexible bulb (ball).Changeable type
Collecting bottle keeps volume appropriate, both guarantees to store a certain number of insects and plant leaf, is also convenient for field carrying.
Further, acquisition bottle cap center of the present invention offers a circular open, is laid with gauze in circular open.Powder
The parasitic wasp of lice class insect is under the jurisdiction of Chalcidoidea mostly, and such insect figure is partially small, and the gauze mesh number of 150 mesh both avoids posting
Escape of the raw bee in storage and transportation process also ensures the ventilated of changeable type collecting bottle internal environment.
Further, storage worm case of the present invention is set as a square box structure, including case lid, cabinet and belt；Case
The hinge connection being arranged between lid and cabinet by rear portion is fastenedly connected when lid closes by the hasp that front is arranged；Belt passes through
Screw is fixed at left and right sides of cabinet；It is provided with masking net on case lid, be provided in box house bottom and acquires body bottle
The matched fixed groove of bottom size.The carrying mode of obliquely carried over one shoulder liberates both hands, convenient for the development of field acquisition work.
Further, masking net of the present invention includes shading net and gas-permeable nets；Window is offered on case lid, in window
Interior offer two column grooves, window-external marginal center is provided with 2 clasp nails；In shading net and gas-permeable nets side
It is provided with horizontal axis, is respectively arranged with the fixed block with horizontal axis cooperation at groove both ends, horizontal axis is contacted with fixed block and is fixedly connected；It hides
Light net and gas-permeable nets are provided with many places parallel folds, and level left and right is laid in groove；It is opened in the middle part of shading net and gas-permeable nets
Position be fixedly installed hook and magnet strip respectively；Hook is mounted with clasp nail cooperation；The length of horizontal axis and magnet strip is slightly larger than
The width of shading net and gas-permeable nets.The intensity of illumination in storage worm case had both been adjusted in the setting of masking net, also avoided closed environment
Under collected insect hypoxia death.Shading net material is waterproof cloth, and gas-permeable nets are wire netting, and mesh number is 150 mesh.Hook and magnetic
There are two effects for the use of iron bar: 1) when two bar magnet items mutually adsorb, can arbitrarily adjust shading net in relatively intermediate position
With the active area of gas-permeable nets；2) when needing standard-sized sheet shading net or standard-sized sheet gas-permeable nets, since shading net and gas-permeable nets are to fold
Formula design, only will cause the case where being unfolded at folding with magnet strip, thus can not achieve the effect of standard-sized sheet a certain kind masking net, if
The hook of meter solves the problems, such as this, and the clasp nail of window-external marginal center setting is caught on using hook, so that masking net is fixed,
The effect of standard-sized sheet a certain kind masking net can be realized.
Further, fixed block of the present invention is magnet block, is fixed at the end of groove；Horizontal axis material is stainless
Steel, horizontal axis are fixedly connected with fixed block absorption.
Further, fixed block of the present invention is rubber sheet gasket, is fixed at the end side wall of groove；Horizontal axis both ends
It is fastened between two pieces of fixed blocks and is fitting to connection.
The material of flexibility bulb of the present invention is rubber, diameter 5cm；The material of funnel structure is transparent or non-
Bright plastics or metal, wide opening diameter are 3cm, and slot diameter is 1.5cm, long 2cm；The material for sampling hose is PVC, long 30-
50cm, diameter 2mm；Collecting bottle height is 10cm, diameter 6cm, bottleneck diameter 3cm, acquires the gauze that bottle cap middle berth is set
Diameter is 2.5cm, and mesh number is 150 mesh.
It is length that the present invention, which stores up worm case external dimensions: wide: height=30cm:20cm:15cm；Inside dimension is length: wide: high=
29cm:19cm:14cm, material are wooden；Covering net number is 2, and size is length: wide=20cm:15cm；Belt material is
Polyurethane, length 2m；Hinge and hasp material are stainless steel.Hinge and hasp material are stainless steel, avoid long-term open country
When outer acquisition, wet environment makes it get rusty, and influences to acquire.
Using a kind of method of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and the field acquisition device of pupa, the present invention acquire aleyrodid parasitic wasp at
The method and step of worm is,
Step 1 when field acquisition, prior to taking out clean collecting bottle in storage worm case, wins 1-2 piece host plant blades
In in collecting bottle, collecting bottle is connected firmly with collector by spiral bayonet；
Step 2, it is light to press flexible bulb, hose port alignment target parasitic wasp will be sampled；
Step 3 unclamps the flexible bulb of extruding, sucks parasitic wasp, quilt using the suction that flexible bulb (ball) provides
The parasitic wasp of sucking is entered in collecting bottle by air-flow, if parasitic wasp is in flexible bulb, stops the extruding to flexible bulb,
It is vertical that body will be acquired, bottom of bottle or flexible bulb is patted, drop down onto parasitic bee imago gently on host plant, due to funnel structure
In the presence of parasitic wasp is not easy to be escaped again into flexible bulb；
Step 4 repeats step 2 and step 3, until having appropriate parasitic wasp quantity in collecting bottle；
Step 5 unloads the collecting bottle for having parasitic wasp, covers the acquisition bottle cap with gauze, record acquisition time,
Place and quantity are packed into storage worm case and save；Acquisition body bottom of bottle is caught in storage worm box body interior bottom portion setting fixed groove
On with fixation；
Step 6 adjusts the position of shading net and gas-permeable nets: adjusting masking net position according to field intensity of illumination, makes to store up worm
It keeps being suitable for intensity of illumination in case；If illumination is too strong when field acquisition, shading net is pulled to maximum；If field is cloudy equal illumination
Masking net is fully opened, facilitates the progress of collecting work by the lower weather of intensity；
Step 7 repeats step 1 to step 5, until collecting work terminates.
Using a kind of method of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and the field acquisition device of pupa, the present invention acquires aleyrodid parasitism bee pupa
Method and step be,
Step 1, prior to taking out clean collecting bottle in storage worm case；
Step 2, picking are placed in collecting bottle with the aleyrodid ovum crossed by parasitism or the blade of nymph；
Step 3, covers the acquisition bottle cap with gauze, and record acquisition time, place and quantity are packed into storage worm case and protect
It deposits；Acquisition body bottom of bottle is caught on storage worm box body interior bottom portion setting fixed groove with fixation；
Step 4 adjusts the position of shading net and gas-permeable nets: adjusting masking net position according to field intensity of illumination, makes to store up worm
It keeps being suitable for intensity of illumination in case；If illumination is too strong when field acquisition, shading net is pulled to maximum；If field is cloudy equal illumination
Masking net is fully opened, facilitates the progress of collecting work by the lower weather of intensity；
Step 5 repeats step 1 to step 3, until collecting work terminates.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention has the advantages that the present invention stores up worm case using obliquely carried over one shoulder, it is convenient for field
Transport is carried when acquisition, is also beneficial to both hands operation；Intensity of illumination in case is adjusted in the use of shading net and gas-permeable nets, can avoid
The evaporation of plant leaf blade excessive water, can also reduce insect activity, improve survival rate.The present invention is held using insect sucking device and storage worm
The structure that device combines stores collected parasitic wasp directly into storage worm bottle, avoids living insects in collection process
The damage of secondary transferring bring and escape.In addition, the present invention, which passes through flexible bulb (ball), substitutes mouth offer suction, solve
The health problem of collector.The configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to use, using effect ideal.
Using the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further explained below.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is unpacking structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Closed state schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is present invention transport.
Fig. 3 is insect sucking device structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is present invention acquisition bottle cap structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is present invention masking web frame schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 one structural schematic diagram of connection type between fixed block of the present invention and horizontal axis.
Fig. 7 two structural schematic diagram of connection type between fixed block of the present invention and horizontal axis.
Fig. 8 is hasp schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is hinge schematic diagram of the invention.
Description of symbols: insect sucking device (1), belt (2), hasp (3), screw (4) cover net (5), hinge (6), storage
Worm case (7), clasp nail (8) sample hose (1.1), flexible bulb (1.2), spiral bayonet (1.3), funnel structure (1.4), acquisition
Body (1.5) acquires bottle cap (1.7), gauze (1.6), horizontal axis (5.1), shading net (5.2), links up with (5.3), magnet strip
(5.4), gas-permeable nets (5.5), groove (5.6), fixed block (5.7).
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawing with embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
The field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and pupa, the device include insect sucking device 1 and contain fluke dress
Set 1 storage worm case 7；The invention is characterised in that the insect sucking device 1 includes collecting bottle and collector；Collecting bottle is by collecting bottle
Body 1.5 and acquisition bottle cap 1.7 form；Collector structure is, including a flexible bulb 1.2, connects in the front end of flexible bulb 1.2
It connects and is provided with sampling hose 1.1, rigid funnel structure 1.4 is connected in the rear end of flexible bulb 1.2；Wherein infundibular ganglion
It is sealedly and fixedly connected at the major part of structure 1.4 with flexibility bulb 1.2, so far samples hose 1.1, flexible bulb 1.2 and funnel structure
Connection is constituted between 1.4 threes；Spiral bayonet 1.3 is fixedly installed in the junction of funnel structure 1.4 and flexible bulb 1.2；
Collector is fastenedly connected by spiral bayonet 1.3 and acquisition body 1.5.It replaces mouth to inhale with flexible bulb and suction is provided, guarantee real
Test the health of staff；Funnel structure 1.4 protrudes into inside storage worm container.The setting of funnel structure 1.4 is in order to avoid parasitism
Bee, which is inhaled into after changeable type collecting bottle, to be flown into again in flexible bulb 1.2 (ball).Operator one is hand-held when acquisition inhales
Worm device, a hand hose line are sampled, and the length of hose is convenient for the operation of operator's both hands.Sample diameter and the aleyrodid of hose
The size of class parasitic wasp figure matches, and provides enough suction convenient for flexible bulb 1.2 (ball).Changeable type collecting bottle
Volume appropriate is kept, has both guaranteed to store a certain number of insects and plant leaf, is also convenient for field carrying.
Further, 1.7 center of acquisition bottle cap of the present invention offers a circular open, is laid with gauze in circular open
1.6.The parasitic wasp of aleyrodid class insect is under the jurisdiction of Chalcidoidea mostly, and such insect figure is partially small, and the gauze mesh number of 150 mesh was both
Escape of the parasitic wasp in storage and transportation process is avoided, also ensures the ventilated of changeable type collecting bottle internal environment.
Further, storage worm case 7 of the present invention is set as a square box structure, including case lid, cabinet and belt 2；
It is connected between case lid and cabinet by the hinge 6 that rear portion is arranged, is fastenedly connected when lid closes by the hasp 3 that front is arranged；Belt 2
It is fixed at left and right sides of cabinet by screw 4；It is provided with masking net 5 on case lid, is provided with and acquires in box house bottom
The 1.5 matched fixed groove of bottom of bottle size of body.The carrying mode of obliquely carried over one shoulder liberates both hands, convenient for opening for field acquisition work
Exhibition.
Further, masking net 5 of the present invention includes shading net 5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5；It is opened up on case lid fenestrate
Mouthful, two column grooves 5.6 are offered in the interior of window, window-external marginal center is provided with 2 clasp nails 8；In shading
Net 5.2 and 5.5 side of gas-permeable nets are provided with horizontal axis 5.1, and the fixation cooperated with horizontal axis 5.1 is respectively arranged at 5.6 both ends of groove
Block 5.7, horizontal axis 5.1 are contacted with fixed block 5.7 and are fixedly connected；Shading net 5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5 are provided with many places parallel folds,
Level left and right is laid in groove 5.6；The position opened in the middle part of shading net 5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5 is fixedly installed extension respectively
Hook 5.3 and magnet strip 5.4；Hook 5.3 is mounted with the cooperation of clasp nail 8；The length of horizontal axis 5.1 and magnet strip 5.4 is slightly larger than shading net
5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5 width.The intensity of illumination in storage worm case had both been adjusted in the setting of masking net, also avoided closed environment
Under collected insect hypoxia death.5.2 material of shading net is waterproof cloth, and gas-permeable nets 5.5 are wire netting, and mesh number is 150 mesh.It hangs
There are two effects for the use of hook 5.3 and magnet strip 5.4: 1), can be in relatively intermediate position when two bar magnet items 5.4 mutually adsorb
Any active area for adjusting shading net 5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5；2) when needing standard-sized sheet shading net 5.2 or standard-sized sheet gas-permeable nets 5.5
When, since shading net 5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5 are fold designs, only it will cause the case where being unfolded at folding with magnet strip 5.4,
To can not achieve the effect of standard-sized sheet a certain kind masking net, the hook 5.3 of design is solved the problems, such as this, is caught on using hook 5.3
The effect of standard-sized sheet a certain kind masking net can be realized to fix masking net in the clasp nail 8 of window-external marginal center setting.
Further, fixed block of the present invention is magnet block, is fixed at the end of groove 5.6；5.1 material of horizontal axis
For stainless steel, horizontal axis 5.1 is fixedly connected with fixed block absorption.
Further, fixed block of the present invention is rubber sheet gasket, is fixed at the end side wall of groove 5.6；Horizontal axis
5.1 both ends are fastened between two pieces of fixed blocks and are fitting to connection.
The material of flexibility bulb 1.2 of the present invention is rubber, diameter 5cm；The material of funnel structure 1.4 is transparent
Or opaque plastic or metal, wide opening diameter are 3cm, slot diameter is 1.5cm, long 2cm；Sampling hose 1.1 material be
PVC, long 30-50cm, diameter 2mm；Body 1.5 a height of 10cm, diameter 6cm, bottleneck diameter 3cm are acquired, bottle cap 1.7 is acquired
The diameter of the gauze 1.6 of middle laying is 2.5cm, and mesh number is 150 mesh.
It is length that the present invention, which stores up 7 external dimensions of worm case: wide: height=30cm:20cm:15cm；Inside dimension is length: wide: high=
29cm:19cm:14cm, material are wooden；Covering 5 numbers of net is 2, and size is length: wide=20cm:15cm；2 material of belt
For polyurethane, length 2m；Hinge 6 and 3 material of hasp are stainless steel.Hinge 6 and 3 material of hasp are stainless steel, are avoided
When long-term field acquires, wet environment makes it get rusty, and influences to acquire.
Using a kind of method of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and the field acquisition device of pupa, the present invention acquire aleyrodid parasitic wasp at
The method and step of worm is,
Step 1 when field acquisition, prior to taking out clean collecting bottle in storage worm case 7, wins 1-2 piece host plant blades
In in collecting bottle, collecting bottle is connected firmly with collector by spiral bayonet；
Step 2, it is light to press flexible bulb 1.2,1.1 port alignment target parasitic wasp of hose will be sampled；
Step 3 unclamps the flexible bulb 1.2 of extruding, and the suction sucking provided using flexible bulb 1.2 (ball) is posted
Raw bee, the parasitic wasp being inhaled into are entered in collecting bottle by air-flow, if parasitic wasp is in flexible bulb 1.2, are stopped to flexibility
The extruding of bulb 1.2, it is vertical to acquire body, pats bottom of bottle or flexible bulb 1.2, parasitic bee imago is made gently to drop down onto host plant
On, due to the presence of funnel structure, parasitic wasp is not easy to be escaped again into flexible bulb 1.2；
Step 4 repeats step 2 and step 3, until having appropriate parasitic wasp quantity in collecting bottle；
Step 5 unloads the collecting bottle for having parasitic wasp, the acquisition bottle cap 1.7 with gauze is covered, when record acquires
Between, place and quantity, be packed into storage worm case 7 and save；Acquisition 1.5 bottom of bottle of body is caught in the setting of storage 7 box house bottom of worm case
With fixation on fixed groove；
Step 6 adjusts the position of shading net 5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5: masking net position is adjusted according to field intensity of illumination,
Make to store up in worm case 7 and keeps being suitable for intensity of illumination；If illumination is too strong when field acquisition, shading net 5.2 is pulled to maximum；If field is
Masking net 5 is fully opened, facilitates the progress of collecting work by the lower weather of intensities of illumination such as cloudy；
Step 7 repeats step 1 to step 5, until collecting work terminates.
Using a kind of method of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and the field acquisition device of pupa, the present invention acquires aleyrodid parasitism bee pupa
Method and step be,
Step 1, prior to taking out clean collecting bottle in storage worm case 7；
Step 2, picking are placed in collecting bottle with the aleyrodid ovum crossed by parasitism or the blade of nymph；
Step 3, covers the acquisition bottle cap 1.7 with gauze, and record acquisition time, place and quantity are packed into storage worm case 7
Interior preservation；Acquisition 1.5 bottom of bottle of body is caught on storage 7 box house bottom of worm case setting fixed groove with fixation；
Step 4 adjusts the position of shading net 5.2 and gas-permeable nets 5.5: masking net position is adjusted according to field intensity of illumination,
Make to store up in worm case 7 and keeps being suitable for intensity of illumination；If illumination is too strong when field acquisition, shading net 5.2 is pulled to maximum；If field is
Masking net 5 is fully opened, facilitates the progress of collecting work by the lower weather of intensities of illumination such as cloudy；
Step 5 repeats step 1 to step 3, until collecting work terminates.
Specific embodiment is described in detail
Concrete operations example:
The present invention is furture elucidated combined with specific embodiments below, and present embodiment is being with technical solution of the present invention
Under the premise of implemented, it should be understood that these modes are only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
(1) acquisition device are as follows:
Summary: including insect sucking device and storage worm case.The storage worm case is set as rectangular parallelepiped structure；Cabinet is for holding fluke dress
Set collected aleyrodid parasitic wasp, there are two cover net on case lid；Case lid and cabinet are with two hinge connections, with hasp when lid closes
Connection；Cabinet two sides are respectively with 3 screw connection belts.The storage worm case external dimensions is length: wide: height=30cm:20cm:
15cm；Inside dimension is length: wide: height=29cm:19cm:14cm, material are wooden.Belt material be polyurethane, length 2m,
Both ends are connect with storage worm case two sides respectively.The insect sucking device includes collector and collecting bottle.The collector and collecting bottle it
Between pass through spiral bayonet connection.Collector includes a flexible bulb, and one end connection sampling hose, one end is funnel structure, and
It is connect with collecting bottle.Collecting bottle includes changeable type acquisition Bottle and bottle cap.
(2) selected insect source and test operation:
Test selection kind is implanted with each 3 pieces of ground of 3 kinds of tomato, sunflower, kidney bean crops and is acquired test, using the present invention
Device, valve bag and the acquisition of traditional pooter.
Test one: being respectively acquired the aleyrodid parasitism bee imago on 3 kinds of plants using 3 kinds of acquisition devices and method,
Using 5 points of samplings in sample ground when acquisition, 20 adults of each point acquisition take back the The dead quantity of statistics adult behind laboratory,
Calculate the death rate；
Test two: the device of the invention and valve bag acquisition method is respectively adopted, the blade with aleyrodid parasitism bee pupa is carried out
Acquisition, every piece of field acquire 50 pupas altogether, take back the damaged quantity of statistics pupa behind laboratory, calculate breakage rate；Respectively at artificial gas
The collected parasitic bee pupa of culture two ways in case is waited, eclosion rate is calculated, the adult after emergence records its number of days of surviving.
Test three: being respectively acquired the aleyrodid parasitism bee imago on 3 kinds of plants using 3 kinds of acquisition devices and method,
Every kind of method acquires 20 adults, is repeated 3 times, and record acquisition expends the time and is transferred to the time of storage insect container.
(3) 3 kinds of acquisition mode acquisition aleyrodid parasitism bee imago tests
1 different acquisition mode of table acquires aleyrodid parasitism bee imago damage ratio and the death rate
Note: data are average ± standard error in table.Same column difference lowercase is respectively indicated to be examined through Tukey ' s HSD method
It tests different significant (P < 0.05) between rear different acquisition mode.Table 2-4 is same.
Different acquisition mode acquire aleyrodid parasitism bee imago damage ratio and the death rate it is as shown in table 1.Kidney bean, kind
On 3 kinds of eggplant, sunflower host plants, the adult damage ratio acquired in 3 kinds of acquisition modes with apparatus of the present invention is minimum, in the four seasons
Beans, tomato are respectively 2.00%, 2.67%, 2.33% on 3 kinds of host plants of sunflower；With valve bag and traditional pooter side
The parasitic bee imago damage ratio of formula acquisition is higher, wherein the parasitic wasp damage ratio highest of traditional pooter acquisition, plants in 3 kinds of hosts
It is respectively 31.67%, 29.00%, 26.33% (F on object2,8=6.1890；P=0.0102).Equally, in 3 kinds of acquisition modes with
The adult mortality of apparatus of the present invention acquisition is minimum, respectively 5.33% on 3 kinds of kidney bean, tomato, sunflower host plants,
7.33%, 4.00%；The parasitic wasp adult mortality acquired in a manner of valve bag and traditional pooter is higher, wherein traditional fluke
The parasitic wasp death rate highest of pipe acquisition is respectively 38.33%, 33.67%, 35.33% (F on 3 kinds of host plants2,8=
6.5110；P=0.0317).
(4) aleyrodid parasitic wasp pupa and adult life test is acquired
2 different acquisition mode of table acquires aleyrodid parasitism bee pupa breakage rate and eclosion rate
Different acquisition mode acquire aleyrodid parasitism bee pupa breakage rate and eclosion rate it is as shown in table 2.Kidney bean, tomato,
On 3 kinds of host plants of sunflower, in 2 kinds of acquisition modes with apparatus of the present invention acquisition pupa breakage rate it is lower, kidney bean, kind
It is respectively 0.67%, 1.33%, 1.67% on 3 kinds of eggplant, sunflower host plants；The parasitic bee pupa that valve bag mode acquires is damaged
Rate is significantly higher than the present invention, is respectively 6.33%, 7.33%, 5.67% (F on 3 kinds of host plants2,5=9.9050；P=
0.0013).It is higher with the pupa eclosion rate that invention device acquires in 2 kinds of acquisition modes, it is posted in kidney bean, tomato, 3 kinds of sunflower
It is respectively 84.37%, 78.00%, 72.67% on main plant；The parasitic bee pupa eclosion rate that valve bag mode acquires is substantially less than
The present invention is respectively 61.33%, 48.00%, 57.33% (F on 3 kinds of host plants2,5=7.9550；P=0.0029).
Aleyrodid parasitic wasp Life of Adult under 3 different acquisition mode of table
Aleyrodid parasitic wasp Life of Adult is as shown in table 3 under different acquisition mode.It is parasitic using the collected aleyrodid of the present invention
Bee pupa, the adult average life span after emergence are 14.13 days, and survival number of days is significantly higher than using the collected pupa (F of valve bag1,2=
21.4720；P=0.0130).
(5) 3 kinds of acquisition mode acquisition aleyrodid parasitic wasp collecting efficiency tests
The collecting efficiency of 4 different acquisition method of table compares
The collecting efficiency of different acquisition method is as shown in table 4.The present invention and the acquisition time difference of traditional pooter are unknown
Aobvious, acquisition time is substantially less than valve bag acquisition time (F2,2=179.2080；P=0.0001).But present invention eliminates will
Parasitic wasp is transferred to the step of storage worm device, therefore the spent time is substantially less than traditional pooter and valve bag (F2,2=
50.7000；P=0.0014).
The above test results show that device and method of the present invention are substantially better than traditional pooter and valve bag
Acquisition method.Acquisition device and method of the invention, parasitic bee imago and pupa on different host plants suitable for various environment
Acquisition.As can be seen that collecting bottle and storage worm case of the invention all has gas permeability in the acquisition test to parasitic bee imago,
Can guarantee the lower death rate of parasitic bee imago in bottle, and traditional valve bag is due to airtight, it is soft the problems such as, pole
Easily during transportation parasitic wasp is caused to damage, in addition, traditional pooter is not defended not only due to providing suction by mouth
It is raw and unreasonable due to structure, it is every to inhale a worm and all cause a suction injury to the parasitic wasp in collection scolite, therefore make
It is higher with the collected parasitic wasp death rate of this method.For equally existing problem above in the acquisition of pupa, due to valve bag matter
Ground is soft, easily causes to squeeze in long-distance transport.In conclusion the device of the invention can guarantee in field acquisition aleyrodid parasitic wasp
When rapidly and efficiently, guarantee the survival rate of parasitic wasp, and easy to operate, be easy to grasp, evaded many of traditional acquisition mode
Unfavorable factor can rapidly and efficiently carry out population acquisition, raising, be aleyrodid in using parasite prevention and treatment aleyrodid class pest
The biological control of class pest provides strong support.
The acquisition device of Bemisia tabaci, method and result are described in detail above, but utilize side of the invention
If method and structure slightly adjust, such as vasculum size, storage worm tank size and save raising pupa method, can to shaped like
Trialeurodes vaporariorum, parasitic wasp, Frankliniella occidentalis, flower thrips, etc. such small insects be acquired.
Above-described is only specific embodiments of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic exist in scheme
This is not described excessively.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the invention,
Several modifications and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence the present invention
The effect and patent practicability of implementation.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, explanation
The records such as the specific embodiment in book can be used for explaining the content of claim.
Claims (10)
1. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago and pupa, which includes insect sucking device (1) and splendid attire fluke dress
Set the storage worm case (7) of (1)；It is characterized in that, the insect sucking device (1) includes collecting bottle and collector；Collecting bottle is by acquiring
Body (1.5) and acquisition bottle cap (1.7) composition；Collector structure is, including a flexible bulb (1.2), in flexible bulb
(1.2) front end is connected with sampling hose (1.1), is connected with rigid funnel in the rear end of flexible bulb (1.2)
Structure (1.4)；It is wherein sealedly and fixedly connected at the major part of funnel structure (1.4) with flexible bulb (1.2), so far samples hose
(1.1), it constitutes and is connected between flexible bulb (1.2) and funnel structure (1.4) three；In funnel structure (1.4) and flexible bulb
(1.2) junction is fixedly installed spiral bayonet (1.3)；Collector is tight by spiral bayonet (1.3) and acquisition body (1.5)
It is solidly connected.
2. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago according to claim 1 and pupa, which is characterized in that described
Acquisition bottle cap (1.7) center offer a circular open, be laid with gauze (1.6) in circular open.
3. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago according to claim 1 or 2 and pupa, which is characterized in that
The storage worm case (7) is set as a square box structure, including case lid, cabinet and belt (2)；Pass through between case lid and cabinet
Hinge (6) connection of rear portion setting, is fastenedly connected when lid closes by the hasp (3) that front is arranged；Belt (2) passes through screw (4)
It is fixed at left and right sides of cabinet；It is provided with masking net (5) on case lid, be provided in box house bottom and acquires body
(1.5) the matched fixed groove of bottom of bottle size.
4. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago according to claim 3 and pupa, which is characterized in that described
Masking net (5) include shading net (5.2) and gas-permeable nets (5.5)；Window is offered on case lid, is opened in the interior of window
Equipped with two column grooves (5.6), window-external marginal center is provided with 2 clasp nails (8)；In shading net (5.2) and gas-permeable nets
(5.5) side is provided with horizontal axis (5.1), is respectively arranged with the fixed block with horizontal axis (5.1) cooperation at groove (5.6) both ends
(5.7), horizontal axis (5.1) is contacted with fixed block (5.7) and is fixedly connected；It is flat that shading net (5.2) and gas-permeable nets (5.5) are provided with many places
Row folds, and level left and right is laid in groove (5.6)；Distinguish the position opened in the middle part of shading net (5.2) and gas-permeable nets (5.5)
It is fixedly installed hook (5.3) and magnet strip (5.4)；(5.3) and clasp nail (8) cooperation is linked up with to mount；Horizontal axis (5.1) and magnet strip
(5.4) length is slightly larger than the width of shading net (5.2) and gas-permeable nets (5.5).
5. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago according to claim 4 and pupa, which is characterized in that described
Fixed block be magnet block, be fixed at the end of groove (5.6)；Horizontal axis (5.1) material be stainless steel, horizontal axis (5.1) with
Fixed block absorption is fixedly connected.
6. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago according to claim 4 and pupa, which is characterized in that described
Fixed block be rubber sheet gasket, be fixed at the end side wall of groove (5.6)；Horizontal axis (5.1) both ends are fastened on two pieces of fixations
It is fitting to connection between block.
7. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago according to claim 2 and pupa, which is characterized in that described
Flexible bulb (1.2) material be rubber, diameter 5cm；The material of funnel structure (1.4) be transparent or opaque plastic or
Metal, wide opening diameter are 3cm, and slot diameter is 1.5cm, long 2cm；Sample hose (1.1) material be PVC, long 30-50cm,
Diameter 2mm；Acquire body (1.5) a height of 10cm, diameter 6cm, bottleneck diameter 3cm, the yarn being laid in acquisition bottle cap (1.7)
The diameter of net (1.6) is 2.5cm, and mesh number is 150 mesh.
8. the field acquisition device of a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago according to claim 3 and pupa, which is characterized in that storage worm
Case (7) external dimensions is length: wide: height=30cm:20cm:15cm；Inside dimension is length: wide: height=29cm:19cm:14cm, material
Matter is wooden；Covering net (5) number is 2, and size is length: wide=20cm:15cm；Belt (2) material is polyurethane, length
For 2m；Hinge (6) and hasp (3) material are stainless steel.
9. using the method for a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago as claimed in claim 4 and the field acquisition device of pupa, feature exists
In, acquisition aleyrodid parasitism bee imago method and step be,
Step 1, when field acquisition, prior to taking out clean collecting bottle in storage worm case (7), win 1-2 piece host plant blades in
In collecting bottle, collecting bottle is connected firmly with collector by spiral bayonet (1.3)；
Step 2, it is light to press flexible bulb (1.2), hose (1.1) port alignment target parasitic wasp will be sampled；
Step 3 unclamps the flexible bulb (1.2) of extruding, sucks parasitic wasp using the suction that flexible bulb (1.2) provide, is inhaled
The parasitic wasp entered is entered in collecting bottle by air-flow, if parasitic wasp is in flexible bulb (1.2), is stopped to flexible bulb
(1.2) extruding, it is vertical to acquire body, pats bottom of bottle or flexible bulb (1.2), parasitic bee imago is made gently to drop down onto host plant
On, due to the presence of funnel structure, parasitic wasp is not easy to be escaped again into flexible bulb (1.2)；
Step 4 repeats step 2 and step 3, until having appropriate parasitic wasp quantity in collecting bottle；
Step 5 unloads the collecting bottle for having parasitic wasp, covers the acquisition bottle cap (1.7) with gauze, record acquisition time,
Place and quantity are packed into storage worm case (7) and save；Acquisition body (1.5) bottom of bottle is caught in storage worm case (7) box house bottom to set
It sets on fixed groove with fixation；
Step 6 adjusts the position of shading net (5.2) and gas-permeable nets (5.5): masking net position is adjusted according to field intensity of illumination,
Make to store up in worm case (7) and keeps being suitable for intensity of illumination；If illumination is too strong when field acquisition, shading net (5.2) is pulled to maximum；If wild
It is outside the lower weather of intensities of illumination such as cloudy, masking net (5) is fully opened, the progress of collecting work is facilitated；
Step 7 repeats step 1 to step 5, until collecting work terminates.
10. using the method for a kind of aleyrodid parasitism bee imago as claimed in claim 4 and the field acquisition device of pupa, feature exists
In, acquisition aleyrodid parasitism bee pupa method and step be,
Step 1, prior to taking out clean collecting bottle in storage worm case (7)；
Step 2, picking are placed in collecting bottle with the aleyrodid ovum crossed by parasitism or the blade of nymph；
Step 3, covers the acquisition bottle cap (1.7) with gauze, and record acquisition time, place and quantity are packed into storage worm case (7)
Interior preservation；Acquisition body (1.5) bottom of bottle is caught on storage worm case (7) box house bottom setting fixed groove with fixation；
Step 4 adjusts the position of shading net (5.2) and gas-permeable nets (5.5): masking net position is adjusted according to field intensity of illumination,
Make to store up in worm case (7) and keeps being suitable for intensity of illumination；If illumination is too strong when field acquisition, shading net (5.2) is pulled to maximum；If wild
It is outside the lower weather of intensities of illumination such as cloudy, masking net (5) is fully opened, the progress of collecting work is facilitated；
Step 5 repeats step 1 to step 3, until collecting work terminates.
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| CN111903623A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-10 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Device for collecting eclosion whitefly nymphs and collecting and subpackaging whitefly adults and using method |
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2019
- 2019-01-22 CN CN201910057571.1A patent/CN109526911A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111903623A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-10 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Device for collecting eclosion whitefly nymphs and collecting and subpackaging whitefly adults and using method |
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