CN109522028A - A kind of installation method and system of operating system - Google Patents
A kind of installation method and system of operating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109522028A CN109522028A CN201811361481.3A CN201811361481A CN109522028A CN 109522028 A CN109522028 A CN 109522028A CN 201811361481 A CN201811361481 A CN 201811361481A CN 109522028 A CN109522028 A CN 109522028A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
- G06F9/4406—Loading of operating system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
- G06F8/61—Installation
- G06F8/63—Image based installation; Cloning; Build to order
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of installation method of operating system and systems, are related to operating system batch mounting technique.The installation method of operating system disclosed by the invention, include: operating system to be installed server receive long-range pre- PXE enabled instruction after carry out PXE network startup, it is loaded onto the memory of book server by PXE network environment by (SuSE) Linux OS is customized, when starting the customization (SuSE) Linux OS, starting is integrated in the BitTorrent client in the customization (SuSE) Linux OS;The server of the operating system to be installed installs downloaded operating system image file by the BitTorrent client, down operation system image file.Server installation operating system can be made more convenient and quick using technical solution of the present invention, improve the installation effectiveness of operating system, really realize quick bare machine batch restocking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to operating system batch mounting technique, in particular to a kind of side of efficient bare machine installation operating system
Method and system.
Background technique
As information technology develops rapidly and is widely applied, the information technology concept of cloud computing, big data emerges one after another, greatly
The data center of scale is also constantly building.Server cluster in large scale brings challenge to operation maintenance personnel.For small rule
The server cluster of mould is installed the mode of operating system on time and workload one by one manually in a conventional manner or can be connect
It receives, but if operating system installation is carried out in face of large-scale server cluster, even if using PXE (preboot
Execute environment, Pre-boot Execution Environment) network installation mode, also due to network load energy power limit and magnetic
Disk IO is limited and batch is caused to install slowly.Biggish puzzlement is brought to user, causes the waste of human and material resources.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of installation method of operating system and systems, can solve existing high-volume server installation
Operating system expends the problem of a large amount of manpower and material resources.
The invention discloses a kind of installation methods of operating system, comprising:
The server of operating system to be installed carries out PXE network startup after receiving long-range PXE enabled instruction, passes through PXE
Network environment is loaded onto (SuSE) Linux OS is customized in the memory of book server, and starts customization Linux operation system
When system, starting is integrated in BitTorrent (bit stream) client in the customization (SuSE) Linux OS;
The server of the operating system to be installed passes through the BitTorrent client, down operation system image text
Part installs downloaded operating system image file.
Optionally, in the above method, the server of the operating system to be installed by the BitTorrent client,
Down operation system image file includes:
The BitTorrent client that the server of the operating system to be installed is started is to BitTorrent server
The seed file of requested transfer operations system image file;
The server of operating system to be installed gets the BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file
Seed file after, obtain download address from the seed file, pass through the download address and download the operating system mirror
As file.
Optionally, in the above method, the server of the operating system to be installed obtains down from the seed file
Set address includes:
The BitTorrent server side download address or BitTorrent server side download address and other just
In the client address of downloading.
Optionally, in the above method, the downloaded operating system image file of the installation includes:
After the server of the operating system to be installed obtains operating system image file, obtained from the PXE network
The configuration file and system installation parameter for installing operating system install the behaviour according to the configuration file and system installation parameter
Make system image file.
Optionally, in the above method, the server of the operating system to be installed will be customized by PXE network environment
(SuSE) Linux OS is loaded onto the process in the memory of book server, comprising:
The server of the operating system to be installed initiates IP address request to PXE network, receives and dynamically leads in PXE network
Clothes where protocol DHCP server requests the IP address information of feedback, specifies PXE startup file for the IP address are arranged in machine
The address of business device and the information of PXE startup file;
The server of the operating system to be installed IP address information, specified PXE startup file institute based on the received
In the address of server and the information of PXE startup file, into PXE network, the request of Simple File Transfer Protocol tftp server is passed
It send and customizes (SuSE) Linux OS file, the customization (SuSE) Linux OS file includes PXE startup file, PXE guidance
Configuration file, linux kernel file vmlinuz and System startup files initrd.img;
The server of the operating system to be installed receives the customization (SuSE) Linux OS file, and it is described fixed to execute
PXE startup file in inhibition and generation (SuSE) Linux OS file is configured according to the PXE boot configuration file, later by institute
It states linux kernel file vmlinuz and System startup files initrd.img is loaded into the memory of book server.
There is disclosed herein a kind of installation systems of operating system, including memory and processor, in which:
The memory, for saving the installation procedure of operating system;
The processor is performed the following operations for reading the installation procedure for executing the operating system:
PXE network startup is carried out after receiving long-range PXE enabled instruction, Linux behaviour will be customized by PXE network environment
Make system loads into the memory of book server, when starting the customization (SuSE) Linux OS, starting is integrated in the customization
Change the BitTorrent client in (SuSE) Linux OS;
By the BitTorrent client started, down operation system image file installs downloaded operation system
System image file.
Optionally, in above system, the processor, the BitTorrent client downloads by being started are operated
The process of system image file, comprising:
By the BitTorrent client of starting to BitTorrent server requested transfer operations system image file
Seed file;
After the seed file for getting the BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file, from the seed
Download address is obtained in file, and the operating system image file is downloaded by the download address.
Optionally, in above system, the server of the operating system to be installed obtains down from the seed file
Set address includes:
The BitTorrent server side download address or the BitTorrent server side download address and its
The client address that he is downloading.
Optionally, in above system, the process of the downloaded operating system image file of the installation, comprising:
After obtaining operating system image file, the configuration file of installation operating system is obtained from the PXE network and is
System installation parameter installs the operating system image file according to the configuration file and system installation parameter.
Optionally, described that this clothes is loaded onto for (SuSE) Linux OS is customized by PXE network environment in above system
The process being engaged in the memory of device, comprising:
IP address request is initiated to PXE network, DynamicHost setting protocol DHCP server in PXE network is received and is directed to institute
State IP address information, the specified PXE startup file place address of server and the letter of PXE startup file of IP address request feedback
Breath;
The address of server and PXE startup file where IP address information, specified PXE startup file based on the received
Information, into PXE network Simple File Transfer Protocol tftp server request transmission customize (SuSE) Linux OS file,
The customization (SuSE) Linux OS file includes PXE startup file, PXE boot configuration file, linux kernel file
Vmlinuz and System startup files initrd.img;
The customization (SuSE) Linux OS file is received, is executed in the customization (SuSE) Linux OS file
PXE startup file is configured according to the PXE boot configuration file, later by the linux kernel file vmlinuz and
System startup files initrd.img is loaded into the memory of book server.
Server installation operating system can be made more convenient and quick using technical solution of the present invention, made original several days
Workload is reduced within a few houres and completes, and substantially increases the installation effectiveness of operating system, really realizes quick bare machine batch
Restocking.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of batch installing operating system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment pair
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, embodiments herein and
Feature in embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with each other.
Embodiment 1
It, can be original aiming at the problem that existing high-volume server installation operating system expends a large amount of manpower and material resources
PXE technically introduces P2P technology, to improve the distribution efficiency of operating system mirror image, makes full use of network bandwidth, really realizes fast
Fast bare machine batch restocking.
Based on above-mentioned thought, the present embodiment provides a kind of installation method of operating system, main includes following operation:
The server of operating system to be installed carries out PXE network startup after receiving long-range PXE enabled instruction;
The server of operating system to be installed is loaded onto (SuSE) Linux OS is customized wait pacify by PXE network environment
In the memory for filling the server of operating system;
When the server of operating system to be installed starts the customization (SuSE) Linux OS, while starting is integrated in institute
State the BitTorrent client customized in (SuSE) Linux OS;
The server of operating system to be installed requests BitTorrent server-side by the BitTorrent client of starting
Seed file is provided to download operating system image file, downloaded operating system image file is installed and completes operating system
Installation.
Wherein, the server of operating system to be installed passes through BitTorrent server-side as BitTorrent client
The process of the seed file down operation system image file of offer may include:
The server of operating system to be installed requests to transmit as BitTorrent client to BitTorrent server
The seed file of operating system image file;
The server of operating system to be installed gets the BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file
Seed file after, obtain download address from the seed file, pass through the download address and download the operating system mirror
As file.
Wherein, system kind of the server from BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file of operation system to be installed
The download address obtained in subfile may include the download address of BitTorrent server side, also may include
The download address of BitTorrent server side is downloading the BitTorrent visitor of the operating system image file with other
The address at family end.In this way, the server of operating system to be installed can take as BitTorrent client from BitTorrent
Business end and BitTorrent client synchronization down operation system image file fill to achieve the effect that efficient data transfer
Divide and utilizes network bandwidth.
In addition, the server of operating system to be installed, which installs downloaded operating system image file, completes operating system
During installation, after the server of operating system to be installed obtains operating system image file, it can be obtained from PXE network
The configuration file and system installation parameter for installing operating system have been downloaded according still further to configuration file and the installation of system installation parameter
Operating system image file, to complete the unattended installation of operating system.
(SuSE) Linux OS is customized involved in the above method, can be the Linux internal memory operation by customization
System can be loaded into memory direct operation by network startup, not depend on hard disk, can directly carry and operate on hard disk
Data.And in the present embodiment, customizing integrated BitTorrent client in (SuSE) Linux OS can be used for passing through
The seed high-speed downloads operating system mirror image that BitTorrent server-side provides.
For the implementation of the above method, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a kind of achievable aforesaid operations system installation method
System architecture.The system architecture includes Operating System Installation Management center, and PXE server-side customizes (SuSE) Linux OS
The server of BitTorrent server-side and operating system to be installed.
Wherein, system installs administrative center, is mainly responsible for the Server remote PXE starting of operating system to be installed, utilizes
PXE network environment starts on the server customizes (SuSE) Linux OS, and then starts BitTorrent visitor in memory system
Family end.Operating System Installation Management can be reported to for implementation progress in whole operation system installation process by customizing memory system
Center, user can be with each server installation progress of real time inspection and results.I.e. in the above method, the clothes of operating system to be installed
The long-range PXE enabled instruction that receives of business device, which can be, to be received from system installation administrative center.
PXE server-side is the network foundation of the above method.PXE is the state-of-the-art technology developed by Intel Company, is worked in
The network mode of Client/Server, PXE server-side include DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Agreement is arranged in Protocol, DynamicHost) server, TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol, simple files
Transport protocol) server.It supports server to download linux kernel image from remote server by network, and thus supports logical
Network startup operating system is crossed, during startup, server requirement Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server distributes IP address, then under TFTP agreement
It carries a starting software package to execute into local memory, the setting of terminal basic software is completed by this starting software package, to draw
Lead the starting for customizing internal memory operation system.I.e. in the above method, the server of operating system to be installed passes through this PXE server-side
It downloads and loads customization (SuSE) Linux OS.Wherein, the customization (SuSE) Linux OS being referred to herein is by customization
The Linux internal memory operation system of change, direct operation can be loaded into memory by network startup, does not depend on hard disk, it is possible to
Direct carry simultaneously operates the data on hard disk.It customizes and integrates BitTorrent client in Linux memory for passing through
The seed high-speed downloads operating system mirror image that BitTorrent server-side provides.
BitTorrent server-side provides P2P high speed download service based on the server-side of P2P technology.House operation system
System mirror image and the seed made based on the operating system mirror image.Seed is supplied to BitTorrent client, under high speed
Carry operating system mirror image.I.e. in the above method, the server of operating system to be installed passes through BitTorrent server-side downloading behaviour
Make system image file.In optional embodiment, while BitTorrent client obtains download address in seed,
BitTorrent server-side can also provide other client address downloaded, in this way, BitTorrent client can be from
BitTorrent server-side and the downloading of BitTorrent client synchronization, achieve the effect that efficient data transfer.
The server of operating system to be installed belongs to the server cluster of data center.
In a kind of illustrative example, the installment work process of operating system is carried out according to the method described above as shown in Figure 1, packet
Include following operating procedure:
S1, Operating System Installation Management center sends PXE enabled instruction to the server of operating system to be installed, to be installed
The server of operating system carries out PXE network startup according to the PXE enabled instruction received.
S2, the server (PXE client) of operating system to be installed issue IP to entire local area network in the form of broadcast
Location request.
S3, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server being equivalent in PXE server-side) are judged as conjunction after receiving IP address request
Method request, then return IP, gateway, subnet mask etc. (can be collectively referred to as IP address information), and service where specified PXE startup file
The address of device and PXE startup file.
S4, the server of operating system to be installed to tftp server (be equivalent to the tftp server in PXE server-side,
Tftp server involved in subsequent step is equivalent to the tftp server in PXE server-side) request transmission PXE startup file
pxelinux.0。
S5, tftp server send PXE startup file pxelinux.0 to the server of operating system to be installed.
The server of S6, operating system to be installed execute PXE startup file pxelinux.0.
The server of S7, operating system to be installed request transmission PXE boot configuration file to tftp server.
S8, tftp server send PXE boot configuration file to the server of operating system to be installed.
S9, the server of operating system to be installed read the PXE boot configuration file received.
S10, the server of operating system to be installed to tftp server request transmission linux kernel file vmlinuz and
System startup files initrd.img.
S11, tftp server send linux kernel file vmlinuz and system to the server of operating system to be installed
Startup file initrd.img.
S12, the server load linux kernel file vmlinuz and System startup files of operating system to be installed
Initrd.img completes the starting for customizing (SuSE) Linux OS into memory, and starts BitTorrent client (wherein
BitTorrent client, which is integrated in, to be customized in (SuSE) Linux OS).
The server of S13, operating system to be installed are requested as BitTorrent client to BitTorrent server
The seed file of transfer operation system image file.
S14, the server of operating system to be installed is got as BitTorrent client execute after seed file under
Load task;
Optionally, when BitTorrent server-side provides downloading location for BitTorrent client, other can also be provided
The client address downloaded.That is the download address that obtains in seed file of BitTorrent client may include
BitTorrent services the download address of end side, also may include that BitTorrent services the download address of end side and downloading
Client address.In this way, the server of operating system to be installed can also be from as BitTorrent client
BitTorrent server-side and the downloading of BitTorrent client synchronization, achieve the effect that efficient data transfer, thus sufficiently benefit
Use network bandwidth.
S15, after server acquisition operating system image file (such as Linux image file) of operating system to be installed again
The configuration file and system installation parameter that installation operating system is obtained from PXE server-side, complete the unattended peace of operating system
Dress.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of installation systems of operating system, including memory and processor, in which:
The memory, for saving the installation procedure of operating system;
The processor is performed the following operations for reading the installation procedure for executing the operating system:
PXE network startup is carried out after receiving long-range PXE enabled instruction, Linux behaviour will be customized by PXE network environment
Make system loads into the memory of the server of operating system to be installed, when starting the customization (SuSE) Linux OS, starting
The BitTorrent client being integrated in the customization (SuSE) Linux OS;
By the BitTorrent client downloads operating system image file started, downloaded operating system is installed
The installation of image file completion operating system.
Wherein, it by the BitTorrent client started, can request to provide seed to BitTorrent server-side
For file to download operating system image file, which can refer to following operation:
To the seed file of BitTorrent server requested transfer operations system image file;
After the seed file for getting the BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file, from the seed
Middle acquisition download address downloads the operating system image file by the download address.
Furthermore, it is contemplated that the effect of data transmission can be improved, make full use of Netowrk tape on the basis of above system
It is wide.Therefore, in some instances, kind Ziwen of the above-mentioned processor from BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file
The download address obtained in part may include the download address of BitTorrent server side, also may include BitTorrent clothes
The download address of business device side is downloading the address of the BitTorrent client of the operating system image file with other.
In a kind of illustrative examples, above-mentioned processor installs downloaded operating system image file and completes operating system
The process of installation can be realized with reference to following operation:
After obtaining operating system image file, the configuration file and system peace of installation operating system are obtained from PXE network
Parameter is filled, the operating system image file is installed according to the configuration file and system installation parameter, completes operating system
Installation.
Customization (SuSE) Linux OS involved in this embodiment can be the Linux internal memory operation by customization
System can be loaded into memory direct operation by network startup, not depend on hard disk, can directly carry and operate on hard disk
Data.And in the present embodiment, customizing integrated BitTorrent client in (SuSE) Linux OS can be used for passing through
The seed high-speed downloads operating system mirror image that BitTorrent server-side provides.
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that technical scheme can be applied on the bare machine batch of large-scale data center
Frame is related to a kind of efficient bare machine installation operating system scheme.Using network installation PXE technology and P2P technology, bare machine batch is realized
Buret reason, operating system mirror image batch are distributed, unattended automatic installation function.Bare machine client is guided to open by PXE technology
Dynamic customization PXE client, PXE client terminal start-up P2P client (Bittorrent), high-speed downloads operating system mirror image fill
Divide and utilize network bandwidth, solves previous and limited from the limitation of the network of single file server downloading data, disk I/O, thus
Realize that real operating system batch is installed.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the above method can be instructed by program
Related hardware is completed, and described program can store in computer readable storage medium, such as read-only memory, disk or CD
Deng.Optionally, one or more integrated circuits can be used also to realize in all or part of the steps of above-described embodiment.Accordingly
Ground, each module/unit in above-described embodiment can take the form of hardware realization, can also use the shape of software function module
Formula is realized.The application is not limited to the combination of the hardware and software of any particular form.
The above, preferred embodiments only of the invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all this
Within the spirit and principle of invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in protection model of the invention
Within enclosing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of installation method of operating system characterized by comprising
Progress PXE network opens after the server of operating system to be installed receives long-range Pre-boot Execution Environment PXE enabled instruction
It is dynamic, it is loaded onto the memory of book server by PXE network environment by (SuSE) Linux OS is customized, starts the customization
When (SuSE) Linux OS, starting is integrated in the bit stream BitTorrent client in the customization (SuSE) Linux OS;
The server of the operating system to be installed is by the BitTorrent client, down operation system image file,
Downloaded operating system image file is installed.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the server of the operating system to be installed passes through described
BitTorrent client, down operation system image file include:
The BitTorrent client that the server of the operating system to be installed is started is requested to BitTorrent server
The seed file of transfer operation system image file;
The server of operating system to be installed gets the kind of the BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file
After subfile, download address is obtained from the seed file, the operating system mirror image text is downloaded by the download address
Part.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the server of the operating system to be installed is from described kind of Ziwen
The download address obtained in part includes:
The BitTorrent server side download address or BitTorrent server side download address and other under
The client address of load.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that the downloaded operating system image file packet of the installation
It includes:
After the server of the operating system to be installed obtains operating system image file, installation is obtained from the PXE network
The configuration file and system installation parameter of operating system, installing the operation according to the configuration file and system installation parameter is
System image file.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the server of the operating system to be installed passes through PXE network
Environment is loaded onto the process in the memory of book server for (SuSE) Linux OS is customized, comprising:
The server of the operating system to be installed initiates IP address request to PXE network, receives DynamicHost in PXE network and sets
Set IP address information, the specified PXE startup file place server that protocol DHCP server is fed back for IP address request
Address and PXE startup file information;
IP address information, specified PXE startup file place take the server of the operating system to be installed based on the received
The address of business device and the information of PXE startup file, into PXE network, Simple File Transfer Protocol tftp server request transmission is fixed
Inhibition and generation (SuSE) Linux OS file, the customization (SuSE) Linux OS file include PXE startup file, PXE boot configuration
File, linux kernel file vmlinuz and System startup files initrd.img;
The server of the operating system to be installed receives the customization (SuSE) Linux OS file, executes the customization
PXE startup file in (SuSE) Linux OS file is configured according to the PXE boot configuration file, later will be described
Linux kernel file vmlinuz and System startup files initrd.img are loaded into the memory of book server.
6. a kind of installation system of operating system, which is characterized in that including memory and processor, in which:
The memory, for saving the installation procedure of operating system;
The processor is performed the following operations for reading the installation procedure for executing the operating system:
PXE network startup is carried out after receiving long-range PXE enabled instruction, Linux operation system will be customized by PXE network environment
System is loaded onto the memory of book server, and when starting the customization (SuSE) Linux OS, starting is integrated in the customization
Bit stream BitTorrent client in (SuSE) Linux OS;
By the BitTorrent client started, down operation system image file installs downloaded operating system mirror
As file.
7. system as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the processor, the BitTorrent by being started
The process of client downloads operating system image file, comprising:
By the BitTorrent client of starting to the kind of BitTorrent server requested transfer operations system image file
Subfile;
After the seed file for getting the BitTorrent server transfer operation system image file, from the seed file
Middle acquisition download address downloads the operating system image file by the download address.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the server of the operating system to be installed is from described kind of Ziwen
The download address obtained in part includes:
The BitTorrent server side download address or the BitTorrent server side download address and other just
In the client address of downloading.
9. system as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that the downloaded operating system image file of the installation
Process, comprising:
After obtaining operating system image file, the configuration file and system peace of installation operating system are obtained from the PXE network
Parameter is filled, the operating system image file is installed according to the configuration file and system installation parameter.
10. system as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that described to customize Linux operation by PXE network environment
Process of the system loads into the memory of book server, comprising:
IP address request is initiated to PXE network, DynamicHost setting protocol DHCP server in PXE network is received and is directed to the IP
The address of server and the information of PXE startup file where the IP address information of Address requests feedback, specified PXE startup file;
The address of server and the letter of PXE startup file where IP address information, specified PXE startup file based on the received
Breath, into PXE network, Simple File Transfer Protocol tftp server request transmission customizes (SuSE) Linux OS file, described
Customize (SuSE) Linux OS file include PXE startup file, PXE boot configuration file, linux kernel file vmlinuz and
System startup files initrd.img;
The customization (SuSE) Linux OS file is received, the PXE customized in (SuSE) Linux OS file is executed and opens
Dynamic file, is configured according to the PXE boot configuration file, later opens the linux kernel file vmlinuz and system
Dynamic file initrd.img is loaded into the memory of book server.
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CN112256288A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Linux system batch installation method, device and medium |
CN113064602A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-02 | 山东英信计算机技术有限公司 | Method, system and medium for filling operation system based on NFS |
CN114070841A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-02-18 | 浪潮软件科技有限公司 | Server filling method, device, equipment and product |
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