CN109519962B - Low-nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting equipment for boiler - Google Patents
Low-nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting equipment for boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN109519962B CN109519962B CN201811626154.6A CN201811626154A CN109519962B CN 109519962 B CN109519962 B CN 109519962B CN 201811626154 A CN201811626154 A CN 201811626154A CN 109519962 B CN109519962 B CN 109519962B
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/06—Regulating air supply or draught by conjoint operation of two or more valves or dampers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/14—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors
- F23N5/146—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors using electrical or electromechanical means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting device for a boiler, which adjusts a plurality of low-nitrogen air doors and a plurality of air doors in a matching way for a plurality of times, so that the air quantity fed by the low-nitrogen air doors and the fresh air matching quantity are balanced, and the low-nitrogen air quantity adjusting device comprises the following components: the oxygen content is controlled between 14% and 15%, including: the air door pipeline is used for conveying the low-nitrogen fan to be connected with the air outlet of the fresh air fan and controlling the output of the low-nitrogen air and the fresh air; the boiler is arranged at the output end of the air door pipeline, and is internally provided with fire coal for receiving the mixed wind of low-nitrogen wind and fresh air and burning to generate heat; and the control unit is connected with the low-nitrogen air and fresh air door pipeline and used for detecting and controlling the output of the mixed air of the low-nitrogen air and the fresh air in the air door pipeline. The invention can gradually complete the control of the opening of the air door in the air pipeline by detecting and adjusting the air door for a plurality of times, so as to gradually complete the accurate matching of the air-coal ratio in the boiler, and achieve the control of the exhaust fume and the impurity oxygen within 9%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat supply temperature self-adjustment, in particular to low-nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting equipment for a boiler.
Background
The optimal condition of boiler combustion is that the air-coal ratio is accurately matched, in the matching process, the boiler adopts a fresh air fan to supply air, a plurality of air doors are blown in, the opening proportion of the air doors is the same due to various reasons of the design and the installation position of the air doors, but the fresh air quantity deviation of each air door blowing in the boiler is very large, a traditional industry driller adopts an air door opening control method to do not accurately control the fresh air quantity, so that the boiler hearth combustion is unbalanced, the combustion of a certain hearth position is clean (fresh air is larger than the oxygen required by the fire coal), and the combustion of a certain hearth position is insufficient (fresh air is smaller than the oxygen required by the fire coal). Causing energy waste and reduced equipment operating efficiency.
Chinese patent publication No.: CN206545939U discloses a boiler combustion system comprising: a boiler; a primary air duct for supplying primary air to the boiler; a secondary air duct for supplying secondary air to the boiler; a cool air loop for providing pressure cool air to the boiler; a smoke exhaust pipeline connected with a boiler smoke outlet; the smoke loop is arranged among the primary air duct, the second air duct and the smoke exhaust pipeline; the flue gas circuit includes: the system comprises a flue gas reflux section, a fresh air section and a mixed air section, wherein a first end of the flue gas reflux section, a first end of the flue gas reflux section and a first end of the mixed air section are in butt joint, a second end of the flue gas reflux section is connected with a smoke exhaust pipeline between an electric dust removal system and a chimney, a second end of the fresh air section is used for introducing fresh air, and a second end of the mixed air section is connected with a primary side air duct and a secondary side air duct of a boiler combustion system; the induced draft fan is arranged at the second end of the smoke reflux section; and the blower is arranged at the second end of the fresh air section. It follows that the system has the following problems:
first, the system only uses two flue gas pipelines, can't supply new trend to the boiler all-round, leads to the new trend deviation volume big in the boiler, and the fire coal in the boiler can't fully burn.
Secondly, the flue gas pipeline of the system is not provided with a device for adjusting the air flow in the pipeline, and the air flow in the pipeline cannot be controlled when the boiler operates, so that the air-coal ratio in the boiler cannot be accurately matched.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides low-nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting equipment for a boiler, which is used for overcoming the problems of low-nitrogen air matching and fresh air matching in the prior art, and the mixed air oxygen quantity reaches between 14 and 16 percent. .
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a low nitrogen combustion air volume adjusting device for a boiler, which adjusts a plurality of low nitrogen air doors for a plurality of times to make the low nitrogen amount introduced by the air doors and the fresh air volume achieve balanced matching, namely: the oxygen content is controlled between 14% and 15%, including:
the low-nitrogen blower is used for conveying a low-nitrogen blower, and the low-nitrogen blower can change the output quantity of the low-nitrogen blower according to the power;
the air door pipeline is connected with the air outlet of the low-nitrogen fan and used for controlling low-nitrogen air output;
the boiler is arranged at the output end of the low-nitrogen air door pipeline, and the boiler is internally provided with fire coal which is used for receiving low-nitrogen mixed wind and burning to generate heat;
and the control unit is connected with the low-nitrogen air door pipeline and used for detecting and controlling the low-nitrogen air output quantity in the low-nitrogen air door pipeline.
Further, a conveying pipeline which is formed by connecting low-nitrogen air and fresh air in parallel is arranged in the low-nitrogen air door pipeline.
Further, air doors are arranged in each branch pipeline in the low-nitrogen air door pipeline, and the opening degree of each air door is adjusted to adjust the ratio of low-nitrogen air to fresh air to be accurate.
Further, each low nitrogen air door is placed at 50% of opening degree before the equipment operates, so that the adjustment allowance of each low nitrogen air door is reserved.
Further, the boiler adopts a cylindrical barrel, and the heating process comprises the following steps:
(1) First stage
Step a1: setting the temperature of the first stage to be reached by the boiler as t 1 Will reach the first stage temperature t 1 The required time is set as T 1 Because the resistor is selected and the electric heating method is utilized to heat the boiler, the resistor is selected in the stage;
setting W as the heat required for heating the boiler to the first stage temperature 1 W is then 1 The expression (1) can be used to obtain:
W 1 ＝cmΔt 1 (1)
wherein c is the air concentration in the boiler, m is the mass of the fire coal in the boiler, deltat 1 For the boiler to be from the initial temperature t 0 Heating to a first stage temperature t 1 Temperature difference at that time;
step b1: calculation of W 1 Then, the heat is carried into formula (2) to determine the heat W of the first stage of manufacture 1 Required first stage power P 1 ：
W 1 ＝ηP 1 T 1 (2)
Wherein eta is the heat absorption efficiency of the air in the boiler;
step c1: determining the first stage power P 1 Then, based on the voltage U used by the resistor, a specific resistance value R of the resistor is obtained by using the formula (3):
step d1: the resistance value R can be determined by the formula (4):
R＝ρls (4)
wherein ρ is resistivity, a specific value thereof is related to a material of the resistor, l is a length of the resistance wire, s is a sectional area of the resistance wire;
step e1: let the interface radius of the resistance wire be r, the sectional area of the resistance wire s=pi r 2 At this time, it is brought into formula (4):
R＝ρlπr 2 (5)
the height of the boiler is set to H, and the diameter is set to d, and at this time, formula (6) can be obtained:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe length l and the section radius r of the resistance wire can be obtained through the number of turns of the resistance wire wound on the cracking reaction kettle;
step f1: after l and R are obtained, the resistivity rho is obtained according to a required resistance value R by utilizing a formula (5), a material corresponding to the resistivity rho is selected as a resistance wire, and after the installation is finished, a specified voltage value U is used for heating the cracking reaction kettle by the resistance wire, so that the waste oil after pretreatment can be heated to a specified temperature in a specified time;
(2) Second stage
When the first stage is completed, the control system controls the heating temperature of the resistor to maintain the temperature of the boiler within a certain range;
since in the second stage the standard temperature t of the boiler 2 And a second stage temperature t 1 The same applies to the control system in the second phase, so that the control system does not need to adjust parameters, and therefore the heat emitted by the resistance wire is the same as the heat in the boiler, and the heat of the resistance wire and the heat cannot be transferred or transmitted according to the law of conservation of heat, so that the temperature in the boiler is maintained within a specified range.
Further, the control unit includes:
the timing module is connected with the boiler and used for recording the operation time of the boiler, when the boiler operates, the timing module can record the operation time of the boiler, and when the recorded time reaches the rated time, the timing module can stop timing, and when the control unit completes the adjustment of the low-nitrogen air door pipeline, the timing module clears the time and reckons;
the detection module is connected with the low nitrogen air door pipeline and used for detecting the inlet temperature of each low nitrogen air door in the low nitrogen air door pipeline, and the detection module can detect the temperature of the low nitrogen air door in the low nitrogen air door pipeline when the equipment is operated;
the calculation module is connected with the detection module and used for counting and calculating the temperature measured by the detection module, the detection module is used for detecting the inlet temperature of the low-nitrogen air door, then, the measured temperature value is transmitted to the calculation module, the calculation module can establish a table on data and calculate the average value in the data, the average value is differed from each temperature data to calculate the temperature difference of each low-nitrogen air door, each temperature difference is compared with the average temperature to calculate the temperature error percentage, and the high-temperature group and the low-temperature group with the specified quantity are extracted according to the error percentage;
the control module is respectively connected with the low-nitrogen fan and the air door pipeline and used for controlling the low-nitrogen fan power and the opening of the air door inside the air door pipeline, the calculation module extracts a specified number of high-temperature groups and low-temperature groups and then transmits high Wen Zu data and low-temperature group data to the control module, and the control module can adjust the low-nitrogen fan power and the opening of the corresponding air door according to the temperature error percentage in each data.
Further, the detection module is externally connected with a temperature detector, and the temperature detector is arranged at the inlet of each air door and is used for detecting the temperature at the inlet of each air door and transmitting the detected temperature value to the detection module.
Further, the control unit performs at least four times of detection and adjustment on the low nitrogen damper duct, including: coarse adjustment, fine adjustment, accurate adjustment and supplementary adjustment so as to ensure that the flow of the mixed air in each branch of the low-nitrogen air door pipeline is the same.
Further, when the control unit performs coarse adjustment, the number of the high-temperature groups and the low-temperature groups extracted by the calculation module is 30% of the total data;
when the control unit performs fine tuning, the quantity of the high-temperature groups and the low-temperature groups extracted by the calculation module is 20% of the total quantity of data;
when the control unit performs the quasi-adjustment, the quantity of the high-temperature groups and the low-temperature groups extracted by the calculation module is 10% of the total quantity of data;
when the control unit is in supplementary adjustment, the number of the high-temperature groups and the low-temperature groups extracted by the calculation module is 1.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that the control of the opening degree of the air door in the low-nitrogen air pipeline can be gradually finished by detecting and adjusting the low-nitrogen fan and the air door for multiple times, so that the fresh air matching and accurate matching can be gradually finished.
In particular, be equipped with many parallel pipeline each other in the low nitrogen air door pipeline, through even linking to each other with the boiler outer wall with the pipeline, can make the mixed gas get into the boiler from a plurality of directions to guarantee to contain sufficient mixed wind in the boiler.
Further, the opening of each low-nitrogen air door is set to be 50% before the equipment runs, so that when the air doors are adjusted, the air doors can be guaranteed to have sufficient adjusting allowance, the situation that the opening of the air doors reaches the limit in the adjusting process, so that the opening cannot be continuously increased or reduced is avoided, and the adjusting precision of the equipment is improved.
Further, the timing module in the control unit can time the running time of the boiler, and relatively equal statistical data can be obtained through restraining the running time, so that the adjustment precision of the equipment is further improved.
In particular, the detection module is respectively provided with the external temperature detectors at the inlets of the air doors, and the temperature at the inlets of the low-nitrogen air doors is checked to obtain whether the air inflow of the pipeline where the low-nitrogen air doors are located is sufficient or not, so that the flow of the mixed gas in the pipelines can be accurately and rapidly detected, and the detection precision of the equipment is improved.
In particular, the calculation module calculates the detected data and counts the calculation result, and through calculating and counting the data, the air door with too high temperature and too low temperature can be quickly and accurately found, so that the detection efficiency of the equipment is further improved.
Further, when the equipment is adjusted for a plurality of times, the number of the air doors to be adjusted can be gradually reduced, the operation is simple and convenient, and the stable adjustment of the temperature in the boiler can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low nitrogen combustion air volume adjusting device for a boiler according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The above and further technical features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1, the structure diagram of the low nitrogen combustion air volume adjusting device for a boiler according to the present invention includes a low nitrogen fan 1, an air door pipeline 2, a boiler 3 and a control unit 4; the inlet of the air door pipeline 2 is connected with the air outlet of the low-nitrogen fan 1 and is used for conveying the mixed air output by the low-nitrogen fan 1; the boiler 3 is connected with the outlet of the air door pipeline 2 and is used for receiving the low-nitrogen mixed wind conveyed by the air door pipeline, so that the fire coal in the boiler 3 is combusted and heat is generated; the control unit 4 is respectively connected with the air door pipeline 2 and the boiler 3 and is used for detecting the running condition of the equipment and adjusting the flow of the low-nitrogen mixed wind in the air door pipeline 2. When the equipment is operated, the low nitrogen fan 1 starts to blow mixed air and outputs the mixed air to the low nitrogen air door pipeline 2, the low nitrogen air door pipeline 2 conveys the mixed air to the boiler 3, the boiler 3 burns coal in the boiler 3 by using the mixed air to generate heat, when the equipment is operated, the control unit 4 records the operation time of the boiler 3, the control unit 4 detects the temperature in the air door pipeline 2 after the boiler 3 operates for a specified time, and after the detection and calculation, the control unit 4 adjusts the flow of the low nitrogen mixed air conveyed by the air door pipeline 2 according to the calculation result so that the air-coal ratio in the boiler 3 reaches a specified ratio. It will be appreciated that the apparatus may be used not only for regulating air flow, but also for regulating the flow of other gases, and the embodiment is not particularly limited, as long as the low nitrogen combustion air volume regulating apparatus for a boiler is satisfied that it can reach its specified operating state.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the low nitrogen blower 1 of the present invention is connected to the low nitrogen damper pipe 2 for delivering the mixed air to the low nitrogen damper pipe 2. When the equipment starts to operate, the low-nitrogen fan 1 starts to start, and part of flue gas is sucked in according to the proportion and is output to the air door pipeline 2. It can be understood that the low nitrogen blower 1 may be a self-balancing low nitrogen blower, a humidity control low nitrogen blower, a bidirectional heat recovery low nitrogen blower or other low nitrogen blowers, as long as the low nitrogen blower 1 can deliver the mixed gas to the damper pipeline 2 during operation.
With continued reference to fig. 1, in the present invention, an inlet of the low nitrogen damper pipe 2 is connected to the low nitrogen blower 1 to convey the mixed wind outputted from the low nitrogen blower 1, and outlets of the low nitrogen damper pipe 2 are a plurality of pipes connected in parallel, which are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the boiler 3 and connected thereto to convey the mixed wind into the boiler 3; a damper 21 is arranged in each branch of the damper pipeline 2 to control the flow of the mixed gas in each branch according to the opening degree. When the low-nitrogen air door pipeline 2 conveys low-nitrogen mixed air, the air doors 21 are all provided with 50% of opening, and the control unit 4 can adjust the opening of the air doors 21 according to the combustion condition of fire coal in the boiler 3 so as to achieve accurate matching of the air-coal ratio in the boiler 3.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the control unit 4 of the present invention is respectively connected to the damper duct 2 and the boiler 3, and is configured to adjust the flow rate of the mixed air in each branch of the damper duct 2, and includes a timing module 41, a detecting module 42, a calculating module 43 and a control module 44; wherein the timing module 41 is connected to the boiler 3 for recording the operation time of the boiler 3, and the detecting module 42 is connected to each of the dampers 21 for detecting the inlet temperature of each of the dampers 21; the calculating module 43 is connected to the detecting module 42, and is configured to calculate a temperature value measured by the detecting module 42; the control module 44 is connected to each of the dampers 21, and is configured to control the designated damper 21 to adjust its opening according to the calculation result of the calculation module 43.
When the device is running, the timing module 41 starts to record the running time of the boiler 3, after the running time of the passing way reaches the rated time, the detecting module 42 starts to detect the temperature of the mixed wind at the inlet of each air door 21 in the air door pipeline 2, the detecting module 42 transmits the detected data to the calculating module 43, meanwhile, the timing module 41 clears and counts the time, the calculating module 43 counts and calculates the transmitted data, after calculation, selects the air doors 21 with overhigh and overlow temperatures, and sends a control signal to the control module 44 to control the designated air doors 21, and the opening degree of the air doors 21 is adjusted to control the low nitrogen mixed wind flow of the branch where the air doors are located.
Specifically, the detection module 42 is externally connected with a temperature detector, and the thermometer is respectively disposed at the inlet of each damper 21, so as to measure the temperature at the inlet of each damper 21. When the detection module 42 measures the inlet temperature of the damper 21, the temperature detector starts measuring the inlet temperature of the damper 21 and transmits the measured data to the detection module 42. It will be appreciated that the type of the temperature detector is not particularly limited in this embodiment, as long as the temperature detector is capable of accurately detecting the temperature at the inlet of each damper 21.
Specifically, the calculating module 43 is connected to the detecting module 42, and is configured to count and calculate data measured by the detecting module 42, after the detecting module 42 detects the inlet temperature of the damper 21, the measured temperature value is sent to the calculating module 43, the calculating module 43 will form a table on the data and calculate an average value in the data, make a difference between the average value and each temperature data to calculate a temperature difference of each damper 21, compare each temperature difference with the average temperature to calculate a temperature error percentage, and extract a specified number of high temperature groups and low temperature groups according to the error percentage.
Specifically, the control module 44 is connected to each damper 21, and is configured to control the designated damper 21 to adjust the opening thereof to adjust the air flow rate of the branch where the damper 21 is located, and after the computing module 43 extracts the designated number of high temperature groups and low temperature groups, it sends a control signal to the control module 44, and the control module 44 receives the control signal and controls the designated damper 21 to adjust the opening thereof, thereby ensuring the air flow rate of each branch in the damper duct 2.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the low nitrogen combustion air volume adjusting device for a boiler according to the present invention is used to adjust the air volume in the damper pipe 2, wherein ten branch pipes are provided in the damper pipe 2, five branch pipes are provided on the left side wall of the boiler 3, and five branch pipes are provided on the right side wall of the boiler 3.
Specifically, the boiler in this embodiment adopts a cylindrical cylinder, and the heating process includes:
(1) First stage
Step a1: setting the temperature of the first stage to be reached by the boiler as t 1 Will reach the first stage temperature t 1 The required time is set as T 1 Because the resistor is selected and the electric heating method is utilized to heat the boiler, the resistor is selected in the stage;
setting W as the heat required for heating the boiler to the first stage temperature 1 W is then 1 The expression (1) can be used to obtain:
W 1 ＝cmΔt 1 (1)
wherein c is the air concentration in the boiler, m is the mass of the fire coal in the boiler, deltat 1 For the boiler to be from the initial temperature t 0 Heating to a first stage temperature t 1 Temperature difference at that time;
step b1: calculation of W 1 Then, the heat is carried into formula (2) to determine the heat W of the first stage of manufacture 1 Required first stage power P 1 ：
W 1 ＝ηP 1 T 1 (2)
Wherein eta is the heat absorption efficiency of the air in the boiler;
step c1: determining the first stage power P 1 Then, based on the voltage U used by the resistor, a specific resistance value R of the resistor is obtained by using the formula (3):
step d1: the resistance value R can be determined by the formula (4):
R＝ρls (4)
wherein ρ is resistivity, a specific value thereof is related to a material of the resistor, l is a length of the resistance wire, s is a sectional area of the resistance wire;
step e1: let the interface radius of the resistance wire be r, the sectional area of the resistance wire s=pi r 2 At this time, it is brought into formula (4):
R＝ρlπr 2 (5)
the height of the boiler is set to H, and the diameter is set to d, and at this time, formula (6) can be obtained:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe length l and the section radius r of the resistance wire can be obtained through the number of turns of the resistance wire wound on the cracking reaction kettle;
step f1: after l and R are obtained, the resistivity rho is obtained according to a required resistance value R by utilizing a formula (5), a material corresponding to the resistivity rho is selected as a resistance wire, and after the installation is finished, a specified voltage value U is used for heating the cracking reaction kettle by the resistance wire, so that the waste oil after pretreatment can be heated to a specified temperature in a specified time;
(2) Second stage
When the first stage is completed, the control system controls the heating temperature of the resistor to maintain the temperature of the boiler within a certain range;
since in the second stage the standard temperature t of the boiler 2 And a second stage temperature t 1 The same applies to the control system in the second phase, so that the control system does not need to adjust parameters, and therefore the heat emitted by the resistance wire is the same as the heat in the boiler, and the heat of the resistance wire and the heat cannot be transferred or transmitted according to the law of conservation of heat, so that the temperature in the boiler is maintained within a specified range.
At the start of adjustment, the opening degrees of all the dampers 21 are set to 50% and coarse adjustment, fine adjustment, and supplementary adjustment are performed, respectively, in which:
the coarse adjustment step comprises the following steps: measuring the inlet temperature of each damper 21, creating a spreadsheet for the first time from the measured temperature data, and averaging the temperatures; subtracting the average temperature from the temperature measured by each inlet to obtain each temperature difference; comparing each temperature difference with the average temperature of the fresh air door, calculating the temperature error percentage, and establishing three groups of data of the error number, wherein the highest temperature is 30 percent; 30% of the lowest temperature is one group, and the remaining 40% is one group; then adjusting a group of maximum temperatures, and reducing the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; adjusting a group of minimum temperatures, and adjusting the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; and the remaining group is not adjusted, the boiler equipment is operated for 30 minutes through the first adjustment, and after the fresh air is re-coupled according to the adjustment proportion, the temperature of each fresh air inlet is re-measured.
The fine tuning step comprises the following steps: measuring the inlet temperature of each air door 21 after the first adjustment is completed, establishing a spreadsheet input measurement temperature for the second time, and calculating the average inlet and outlet temperature; subtracting the average temperature from the temperature measured by the inlet of each air door 21 to obtain the temperature difference of each fresh air door; comparing the temperature difference of each fresh air door with the average temperature of the air door 21, calculating the percentage of temperature error, and establishing three groups of data of the error number, wherein the highest temperature is 20 percent; the lowest temperature is 20% of one group, and the rest is 60% of one group; then adjusting a group of maximum temperatures, and reducing the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; adjusting a group of minimum temperatures, and adjusting the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; and the remaining group is not adjusted, the boiler equipment is operated for 30 minutes through the second adjustment, and after the fresh air is re-coupled according to the adjustment proportion, the temperature of each fresh air inlet is measured.
The aligning step comprises the following steps: after the second adjustment is completed, measuring the inlet temperature of each air door 21, and establishing a spreadsheet input measurement temperature for the third time to calculate the average inlet and outlet temperature; subtracting the average temperature from the temperature measured by the inlet of each air door 21 to obtain the temperature difference of each fresh air door; comparing the temperature difference of each fresh air door with the average temperature of the air door 21, calculating the percentage of temperature errors, and establishing three groups of data of the error number, wherein the highest temperature is 10 percent; 10% of the lowest temperature is one group, and the rest 80% is one group; then adjusting a group of maximum temperatures, and reducing the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; adjusting a group of minimum temperatures, and adjusting the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; and the remaining group is not adjusted, the boiler equipment is operated for 30 minutes through the third adjustment, and after the fresh air is re-coupled according to the adjustment proportion, the temperature of each fresh air inlet is measured.
The adjustment supplementing step comprises the following steps: after the third adjustment is completed, measuring the inlet temperature of each air door 21, and fourth establishing an electronic table to input the measured temperature, and obtaining the average inlet and outlet temperature; subtracting the average temperature from the temperature measured by the inlet of each air door 21 to obtain the temperature difference of each fresh air door; comparing the temperature difference of each fresh air door with the average temperature of the air door 21, calculating the temperature error percentage, and establishing three groups of data of the error number, namely, one highest temperature; one of the lowest temperatures, the remaining set; then adjusting the highest temperature air door 21, and reducing the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; adjusting the lowest temperature air door 21, and adjusting the opening of the air door 21 according to the error proportion; the rest group is not adjusted, so that the air-coal ratio in the boiler 3 reaches the specified ratio.
The parameters of each damper 21 after coarse adjustment of the device are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The adjusting method comprises the following steps: 16 x 30% = 4.8, a minimum of 4, a maximum of 5 adjustments.
8 air doors exceeding 55.5 degrees are adjusted by 4 air doors.
5 dampers below 55.5 degrees, 4 adjusted.
The remaining 8 dampers are automatically coupled to form a new balance.
The parameters of each damper 21 after fine adjustment of the apparatus are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The adjusting method comprises the following steps: 16 x 20% = 3.2, number 3 is adjusted.
8 air doors exceeding 53.6 degrees are adjusted by 3 air doors.
6 air doors below 53.6 degrees are adjusted by 3.
The remaining 12 dampers are automatically coupled to form a new balance.
The parameters of each damper 21 after the device is calibrated are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
The adjusting method comprises the following steps: 16 x 10% = 1.6, number 2 is adjusted.
4 air doors exceeding 52 degrees are adjusted by 2.
7 air doors below 52 degrees are adjusted by 1.
The remaining 13 dampers are automatically coupled to form a new balance.
The parameters of each damper 21 after the device was adjusted are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 Table 4
The adjusting method comprises the following steps:
more than 52 degrees of damper 1, 1 adjustment.
1 throttle below 52 degrees, 1 is adjusted.
Equilibrium is reached.
According to the four tables, the air flow rate is adjusted to be 2.8 per thousandths accurately, and the accurate time is about 5 times.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a low nitrogen burning air regulation equipment of boiler, its characterized in that through carrying out a plurality of adjustments to a plurality of low nitrogen air doors and low nitrogen fan, makes low nitrogen wind and fresh air volume that the air door lets in reach equilibrium with the coal-fired volume, includes:
the low-nitrogen fan is used for conveying low-nitrogen air and fresh air, and the low-nitrogen fan can change the output quantity of the mixed gas according to the power;
the air door pipeline is connected with the air outlet of the low-nitrogen fan and used for controlling low-nitrogen air and fresh air output;
the boiler is arranged at the output end of the low-nitrogen air door pipeline, and the boiler is internally provided with fire coal which is used for receiving low-nitrogen mixed wind and burning to generate heat;
the control unit is connected with the low-nitrogen air door pipeline and used for detecting and controlling the fresh air output quantity in the low-nitrogen air door pipeline;
each low-nitrogen air door in the air door pipeline is provided with a conveying pipeline which is mutually connected in parallel;
the control unit includes:
the timing module is connected with the boiler and used for recording the operation time of the boiler, when the boiler operates, the timing module can record the operation time of the boiler, and when the recorded time reaches the rated time, the timing module can stop timing, and when the control unit completes the adjustment of the low-nitrogen air door pipeline, the timing module clears the time and reckons;
the detection module is connected with the low-nitrogen air door pipeline and used for detecting the inlet temperature of each air door in the low-nitrogen air door pipeline, and the detection module can detect the temperature of the low-nitrogen air door in the air door pipeline when the equipment is operated;
the calculation module is connected with the detection module and used for counting and calculating the temperature measured by the detection module, the detection module is used for detecting the inlet temperature of the low-nitrogen air door, then, the measured temperature value is transmitted to the calculation module, the calculation module can establish a table on data and calculate the average value in the data, the average value is differed from each temperature data to calculate the temperature difference of each low-nitrogen air door, each temperature difference is compared with the average temperature to calculate the temperature error percentage, and the high-temperature group and the low-temperature group with the specified quantity are extracted according to the error percentage;
the control module is respectively connected with the low-nitrogen fan and the air door pipeline and used for controlling the low-nitrogen fan power and the opening of the air door inside the air door pipeline, the calculation module extracts a specified number of high-temperature groups and low-temperature groups and then transmits high Wen Zu data and low-temperature group data to the control module, and the control module can adjust the low-nitrogen fan power and the opening of the corresponding low-nitrogen air door according to the temperature error percentage in each data.
2. The low-nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting device for the boiler according to claim 1, wherein air doors are arranged in branch pipelines in the low-nitrogen air door pipeline, and the air-coal ratio is adjusted to be accurate by adjusting the opening degree of each air door.
3. The low nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting device for a boiler according to claim 2, wherein each damper is placed at an opening degree of 50% before the device is operated, so as to reserve an adjusting margin of each damper.
4. The low nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting device for a boiler according to claim 1, wherein the boiler is a cylindrical cylinder, and the heating process comprises:
(1) First stage
Step a1: setting the temperature of the first stage to be reached by the boiler as t 1 Will reach the first stage temperature t 1 The required time is set as T 1 Because the resistor is selected and the electric heating method is utilized to heat the boiler, the resistor is selected in the stage;
setting W as the heat required for heating the boiler to the first stage temperature 1 W is then 1 The expression (1) can be used to obtain:
W 1 ＝cmΔt 1 (1)
wherein c is the air concentration in the boiler, m is the mass of the fire coal in the boiler, deltat 1 For the boiler to be from the initial temperature t 0 Heating to a first stage temperature t 1 Temperature difference at that time;
step b1: calculation of W 1 Then, the heat is carried into formula (2) to determine the heat W of the first stage of manufacture 1 Required first stage power P 1 ：
W 1 ＝ηP 1 T 1 (2)
Wherein eta is the heat absorption efficiency of the air in the boiler;
step c1: determining the first stage power P 1 Then, based on the voltage U used by the resistor, a specific resistance value R of the resistor is obtained by using the formula (3):
step d1: the resistance value R can be determined by the formula (4):
R＝ρls (4)
wherein ρ is resistivity, a specific value thereof is related to a material of the resistor, l is a length of the resistance wire, s is a sectional area of the resistance wire;
step e1: let the interface radius of the resistance wire be r, the sectional area of the resistance wire s=pi r 2 At this time, it is brought into formula (4):
R＝ρlπr 2 (5)
the height of the boiler is set to H, and the diameter is set to d, and at this time, formula (6) can be obtained:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofWinding the resistance wire in the splitting reactionThe length l and the section radius r of the resistance wire can be obtained through the number of turns on the reactor;
step f1: after l and R are obtained, the resistivity rho is obtained according to a required resistance value R by utilizing a formula (5), a material corresponding to the resistivity rho is selected as a resistance wire, and after the installation is finished, a specified voltage value U is used for heating the cracking reaction kettle by the resistance wire, so that the waste oil after pretreatment can be heated to a specified temperature in a specified time;
(2) Second stage
When the first stage is completed, the control system controls the heating temperature of the resistor to maintain the temperature of the boiler within a certain range;
since in the second stage the standard temperature t of the boiler 2 And a second stage temperature t 1 The same applies to the control system in the second phase, so that the control system does not need to adjust parameters, and therefore the heat emitted by the resistance wire is the same as the heat in the boiler, and the heat of the resistance wire and the heat cannot be transferred or transmitted according to the law of conservation of heat, so that the temperature in the boiler is maintained within a specified range.
5. The low nitrogen combustion air quantity adjusting device of a boiler according to claim 1, wherein the detecting module is externally connected with a temperature detector, and the temperature detector is arranged at the inlet of each low nitrogen air door and is used for detecting the temperature at the inlet of each air door and transmitting the detected temperature value to the detecting module.
6. The low nitrogen-fired air quantity adjusting device for a boiler according to claim 1, wherein the control unit detects and adjusts the damper duct at least four times, comprising: coarse adjustment, fine adjustment, accurate adjustment and supplementary adjustment so as to ensure that the air flow in each branch of the air door pipeline is the same.
7. The low-nitrogen-combustion air quantity adjusting device for a boiler according to claim 6, wherein the control unit is configured to extract the high-temperature group and the low-temperature group by the calculation module as 30% of the total data when performing coarse adjustment;
when the control unit performs coarse adjustment, the quantity of the high-temperature groups and the low-temperature groups extracted by the calculation module is 20% of the total quantity of data;
when the control unit performs coarse adjustment, the quantity of the high-temperature groups and the low-temperature groups extracted by the calculation module is 10% of the total quantity of data;
when the control unit performs coarse adjustment, the number of the high-temperature groups and the low-temperature groups extracted by the calculation module is 1.
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