CN210425099U - Automatic combustion optimization control device for coal-fired boiler - Google Patents
Automatic combustion optimization control device for coal-fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN210425099U CN210425099U CN201920866734.6U CN201920866734U CN210425099U CN 210425099 U CN210425099 U CN 210425099U CN 201920866734 U CN201920866734 U CN 201920866734U CN 210425099 U CN210425099 U CN 210425099U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal fired boilers, in particular to a coal fired boiler combustion automatic optimization control device, which comprises a working component and a regulating component, wherein the working component comprises a coal mill, a burner, a boiler furnace, an induced draft fan and an air blower, the coal mill is connected with the burner through a pipeline, the induced draft fan is connected with the burner through a pipeline, and the boiler furnace is fixedly connected with the burner; through in boiler furnace's inside sets up thermodetector with load cell is used for detecting respectively the load and the boiler heat production of boiler furnace inside, and send real-time detection's data to PLC, along with PLC's constantly calculation is optimized, controls simultaneously second airflow valve with first airflow valve reduces the volume of advancing oxygen, approaches real-time logical oxygen content optimum gradually for when reducing oxygen content, the load also falls end along with it, but the coal-fired thermal efficiency risees.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal fired boiler, especially, relate to a coal fired boiler burns automatic optimization control device.
Background
The coal-fired boiler refers to coal which is burnt by fuel, the heat of the coal is converted to generate steam or become hot water, but not all the heat is converted effectively, and a part of the heat is consumed without work, so that the efficiency problem exists, and the efficiency of the general large boiler is higher by 60-80%.
At present, the optimal excess air coefficient of a boiler and the corresponding optimal smoke oxygen content are found out through a boiler thermodynamic experiment in the market, then the online smoke oxygen content instrument is used for continuously measuring the smoke oxygen content, and then an automatic combustion adjusting system is used for automatically adjusting the smoke oxygen content to be maintained at an optimal value.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a coal fired boiler automatic optimization controlling means that burns, aim at solving on the existing market and find out the best excess air coefficient of boiler and the best flue gas oxygen content that corresponds through boiler heating power experiment, then measure the flue gas oxygen content in succession with online flue gas oxygen content appearance, again by burning automatically regulated system automatically regulated flue gas oxygen content and maintain at optimum, this kind of adjustment method has an obvious shortcoming, a boiler is when its load change, best flue gas oxygen content is also different, therefore when automatically regulated to so-called best flue gas oxygen content, the thermal efficiency of boiler is not necessarily just the best problem.
The utility model is realized in such a way, a coal fired boiler combustion automatic optimization control device, comprises a working component and a regulation and control component, the working component comprises a coal pulverizer, a burner, a boiler furnace, a draught fan and an air blower, the coal pulverizer is connected with the burner through a pipeline, the draught fan is connected with the burner through a pipeline, the boiler furnace is fixedly connected with the burner, the air blower is connected with the boiler furnace through a pipeline, the regulation and control component comprises a weight sensor, an air flow valve, a temperature detector, a load sensor and a PLC, the PLC is respectively electrically connected with the weight sensor, the air flow valve, the temperature detector and the load sensor, the pulverized coal weight detected by the weight sensor, the temperature detected by the temperature detector inside the boiler furnace and the load detected by the load sensor are fed back to the PLC, and the PLC regulates and controls the air flow valve in real time according to real-time data.
Preferably, the number of the air flow valves is two, and the two air flow valves are respectively a first air flow valve and a second air flow valve, and the air flow valves are used for detecting the flow of air and controlling the air circulation.
Preferably, the first air flow valve is fixedly connected with an air outlet of the induced draft fan, and the second air flow valve is fixedly connected with an air outlet of the air blower.
Preferably, the blower is composed of a preheating part and a blowing part, and the preheating part is located at the front end of the blowing part.
Preferably, the combustor is provided with a combustion improver inlet, and the combustion improver inlet is provided with a sealing door matched with the combustion improver inlet.
Preferably, the weight sensor is fixedly connected to the coal mill, and the weight sensor is located at a discharge port of the coal mill.
Preferably, the temperature detector and the load sensor are both installed inside the boiler furnace.
Preferably, the working assembly further comprises a chimney, and the chimney pipe is connected to the boiler furnace.
Preferably, the regulation and control subassembly still includes pollution detection equipment, pollution detection equipment fixed connection in the air intake department of chimney.
Preferably, the chimney is internally provided with a sulfur removal device and a dust removal device respectively, and the pollution detection device is matched with the chimney.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model discloses a coal fired boiler burns automatic optimization controlling means, through boiler furnace's inside sets up thermodetector with load cell is used for detecting respectively boiler furnace's inside load and boiler heat production volume to give with real-time detection's data send PLC, along with PLC constantly calculates optimization, simultaneous control second air flow valve with first air flow valve reduces into oxygen volume, approaches real-time logical oxygen content optimal value gradually for when reducing oxygen content, the load also falls at the end thereupon, but coal-fired thermal efficiency risees, and for guaranteeing whole boiler normal running time longest this moment, when efficiency is the highest.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall connection structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the middle regulating component of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calculation formula of the thermal efficiency of the boiler of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a working assembly; 11. a coal mill; 12. a burner; 13. a boiler furnace; 14. a chimney; 15. an induced draft fan; 16. a blower; 2. a regulatory component; 21. a weight sensor; 22. a first air flow valve; 23. a second air flow valve; 24. a temperature detector; 25. a load sensor; 26. a contamination detection device; 27. and (7) PLC.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic optimization control device for coal-fired boiler combustion comprises a working assembly 1 and a regulation and control assembly 2, wherein the working assembly 1 comprises a coal mill 11, a combustor 12, a boiler hearth 13, an induced draft fan 15 and an air blower 16, the coal mill 11 is connected to the combustor 12 through a pipeline, the induced draft fan 15 is connected to the combustor 12 through a pipeline, the boiler hearth 13 is fixedly connected to the combustor 12, the air blower 16 is connected to the boiler hearth 13 through a pipeline, the regulation and control assembly 2 comprises a weight sensor 21 and an air flow valve, temperature detector 24, load cell 25 and PLC27, PLC27 respectively with weight sensor 21, air flow valve, temperature detector 24 and load cell 25 electric connection, the buggy weight that weight sensor 21 detected, the temperature of temperature detector 24 detection boiler furnace 13 inside and load cell 25 detection boiler furnace 13 inside feed back to PLC27, PLC27 carries out real-time regulation and control to air flow valve according to real-time data.
In the present embodiment, the boiler thermal efficiency calculation formula is: the thermal efficiency of the coal is 7000 kcal/kg (kg), the heat produced by the boiler is measured by the temperature detector 24, the coal quantity is measured by the weight sensor 21, when the coal supply is stopped, i.e., the coal quantity is constant, the higher the boiler heat production, the higher the efficiency of the coal, and the thermal efficiency of the coal is also related to the internal oxygen content and the load, when the oxygen content is high, the thermal efficiency of the coal is increased, when the load is increased, the thermal efficiency of the coal is decreased, when the oxygen content is continuously decreased, the internal load is also decreased, and the thermal efficiency of the coal is also decreased, wherein when the influence of the oxygen content on the thermal efficiency of the coal is smaller than the influence of the load on the thermal efficiency of the coal, the decrease of the oxygen causes the decrease of the load and the decrease of the thermal efficiency of the coal, but the decrease of the load causes the increase of the thermal efficiency of, therefore, the critical point at which the load is reduced but the thermal efficiency of the coal is increased when the oxygen content is reduced is the optimum value of the oxygen content.
In the embodiment, firstly, the coal is introduced into the coal mill 11 through a coal hopper, the coal is pulverized into powder in the coal mill 11, then the induced draft fan 15 is started to open the first air flow valve 22 for blowing, the coal powder is blown into the combustor 12 at one time, meanwhile, the combustion improver is added into the combustor 12 for supporting combustion, then the combustor 12 introduces the flue gas and the coal into the boiler furnace 13, then the blower 16 is started to open the second air flow valve 23 for blowing the secondary air to the coal inside, so that the coal is more sintered, then the flue gas after the combustion is completed enters the chimney 14 along the pipeline, the flue gas is subjected to sulfur removal and dust removal treatment by the sulfur removal equipment and the dust removal equipment in the chimney 14, finally the pollution detection equipment 26 is subjected to detection of sulfur content and dust content, if the detection is qualified, the emission is performed, if the detection is unqualified, the backflow sulfur removal operation and the dust removal operation are performed again, wherein the coal is output by the coal pulverizer 11 and then detected by the weight sensor 21 to obtain real-time coal amount, and the single coal supply amount is constant, the temperature detector 24 and the load sensor 25 in the boiler furnace 13 both monitor the temperature and the load in the boiler furnace 13 in real time to obtain real-time boiler heat production and boiler load data, which are fed back to the PLC27, the PLC27 judges the heat efficiency of the coal according to the boiler heat production data detected by the temperature detector 24, and simultaneously, in order to avoid the danger of explosion caused by excessive negative pressure in the boiler furnace 13, the PLC27 controls the second air flow valve 23 to reduce air input, reduce oxygen content in the coal, reduce the heat efficiency of the coal, reduce negative pressure, and continuously reduce load and the heat efficiency of the coal with the continuous reduction of air amount controlled by the PLC27, when the oxygen content reaches the optimal value, the load is reduced, the thermal efficiency of the fire coal is increased, so that the PLC27 controls the oxygen inlet amount in the second air flow valve 23 in real time according to the real-time data of the temperature detector 24 and the load sensor 25, and the real-time optimal oxygen inlet content is automatically optimized.
Further, two air flow valves are provided, namely a first air flow valve 22 and a second air flow valve 23, and the air flow valves are used for detecting the flow rate of air and controlling air circulation.
In this embodiment, the first airflow valve 22 is used to control the first intake air and also to detect the oxygen content of the first intake air, and the second airflow valve 23 is used to detect the air flow rate of the blower 16 into the boiler furnace 13 and to control the oxygen intake amount.
Further, a first air flow valve 22 is fixedly connected to an air outlet of the induced draft fan 15, and a second air flow valve 23 is fixedly connected to an air outlet of the air blower 16.
In the embodiment, the first air flow valve 22 records the oxygen content introduced by the induced draft fan 15 and feeds back the oxygen content to the PLC27, and the second air flow valve 23 records the oxygen content in the air blower 16 and feeds back the oxygen content to the PLC27, and meanwhile, the oxygen content is controlled by matching with the PLC 27.
Further, the blower 16 is composed of two parts, a preheating part and a blowing part, and the preheating part is located at the front end of the blowing part.
In the present embodiment, the preheating part of the blower 16 is configured as a high-frequency preheating machine for preheating the air input into the boiler furnace 13 to prevent cold air from entering to cause the cold and hot inside to alternate, thereby causing the boiler furnace 13 to explode, and the blower part is configured as a blower 16 for introducing the outside air into the boiler furnace 13.
Further, the combustor 12 is provided with a combustion improver inlet, and the combustion improver inlet is provided with a sealing door matched with the combustion improver inlet.
In the present embodiment, the combustion improver is charged into the combustor 12 through the combustion improver inlet of the combustor 12 to support combustion of the coal powder inside the combustor 12, so that the heat generation amount inside the combustor 12 is rapidly increased, and the combustion improver is used in the initial firing stage of the whole boiler.
Further, the weight sensor 21 is fixedly connected to the coal mill 11, and the weight sensor 21 is located at a discharge port of the coal mill 11.
In the embodiment, the weight sensor 21 measures the weight of the coal powder at the discharge port of the coal mill 11 and feeds the measured weight back to the PLC27, so as to provide support for the calculation of the PLC27 on the coal combustion amount data, and facilitate the adjustment of the PLC 27.
Further, a temperature detector 24 and a load sensor 25 are installed inside the boiler furnace 13.
In the present embodiment, the temperature detector 24 is used to detect the amount of heat generated by the boiler in the boiler, and the load sensor 25 is used to detect the load on the boiler furnace 13.
Further, the working assembly 1 further comprises a chimney 14, and the chimney 14 is connected to the boiler furnace 13 through a pipeline.
In the embodiment, the chimney 14 is arranged to discharge flue gas completely combusted in the boiler furnace 13, and the flue gas to be discharged from the inside is subjected to concentrated sulfur removal and dust removal treatment, and finally, is discharged to the outside, so that environmental protection and no pollution are ensured.
Further, the regulation and control assembly 2 further comprises a pollution detection device 26, and the pollution detection device 26 is fixedly connected to the air inlet of the chimney 14
In the present embodiment, the pollution detection device 26 is configured to detect the sulfur content and the dust content of the flue gas after the sulfur removal and dust removal processing in the chimney 14, determine whether the flue gas meets the national emission standards, and ensure no environmental pollution.
Further, a sulfur removal device and a dust removal device are provided inside the stack 14, respectively, and the pollution detection device 26 is fitted thereto.
In this embodiment, the desulfurization device in the chimney 14 is a desulfurization device for removing sulfur in the flue gas to be discharged, and the dust removal device is an electrostatic dust removal device for removing only dust from the flue gas to be discharged.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation and use flow: firstly, coal is led into a coal mill 11 through a coal hopper, the coal is ground into powder in the coal mill 11, then an induced draft fan 15 is started to open a first air flow valve 22 for blowing, coal powder is blown into a combustor 12 all at once, meanwhile, a combustion improver is added into the combustor 12 for supporting combustion, then the combustor 12 leads flue gas and the coal into a boiler furnace 13, then an air blower 16 is started to open a second air flow valve 23 for blowing secondary air to the coal inside, so that the coal is sintered more vigorously, then the flue gas after the combustion is finished enters a chimney 14 along a pipeline, the flue gas is subjected to sulfur removal and dust removal treatment by sulfur removal equipment and dust removal equipment in the chimney 14, finally, the pollution detection equipment 26 is subjected to detection of sulfur content and dust content, if the detection is qualified, the emission is carried out, if the detection is unqualified, the backflow resulfurization operation and the dust removal operation are carried out, wherein the coal is output by the coal pulverizer 11 and then detected by the weight sensor 21 to obtain real-time coal amount, and the single coal supply amount is constant, the temperature detector 24 and the load sensor 25 in the boiler furnace 13 both monitor the temperature and the load in the boiler furnace 13 in real time to obtain real-time boiler heat production and boiler load data, which are fed back to the PLC27, the PLC27 judges the heat efficiency of the coal according to the boiler heat production data detected by the temperature detector 24, and simultaneously, in order to avoid the danger of explosion caused by excessive negative pressure in the boiler furnace 13, the PLC27 controls the second air flow valve 23 to reduce air input, reduce oxygen content in the coal, reduce the heat efficiency of the coal, reduce negative pressure, and continuously reduce load and the heat efficiency of the coal with the continuous reduction of air amount controlled by the PLC27, when the oxygen content reaches the optimal value, the load is reduced, the thermal efficiency of the fire coal is increased, so that the PLC27 controls the oxygen inlet amount in the second air flow valve 23 in real time according to the real-time data of the temperature detector 24 and the load sensor 25, and the real-time optimal oxygen inlet content is automatically optimized.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The automatic optimization control device for the combustion of the coal-fired boiler is characterized by comprising a working component and a regulation and control component, wherein the working component comprises a coal mill, a combustor, a boiler hearth, an induced draft fan and an air blower, the coal mill is connected with the combustor through a pipeline, the induced draft fan is connected with the combustor through a pipeline, the boiler hearth is fixedly connected with the combustor, the air blower is connected with the boiler hearth through a pipeline,
the regulation and control subassembly includes weighing transducer, air flow valve, thermodetector, load cell and PLC, PLC respectively with weighing transducer the air flow valve thermodetector with load cell electric connection, the burning buggy weight that weighing transducer detected the temperature detector detect the inside temperature of boiler furnace with load cell detects the inside load feedback of boiler furnace is to PLC, PLC is right according to real-time data air flow valve carries out real-time regulation and control.
2. An automatic combustion optimizing control system for a coal burning boiler as set forth in claim 1 wherein said air flow valves are provided in two, a first air flow valve and a second air flow valve, and said air flow valves are used for sensing the flow rate of air and controlling the air flow.
3. The coal-fired boiler combustion automatic optimization control device of claim 2, characterized in that, the first air flow valve is fixedly connected with the air outlet of the induced draft fan, and the second air flow valve is fixedly connected with the air outlet of the blower.
4. The automatic combustion optimizing control device for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the blower is composed of two parts of a preheating part and an air blowing part, and the preheating part is located at the front end of the air blowing part.
5. The automatic combustion optimizing control device for the coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the combustor is provided with an oxidant inlet, and the oxidant inlet is provided with a closing door matched with the oxidant inlet.
6. The automatic combustion optimization control device for the coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the weight sensor is fixedly connected to the coal pulverizer, and the weight sensor is located at a discharge port of the coal pulverizer.
7. The automatic optimizing control device for coal-fired boiler combustion according to claim 1, wherein said temperature detector and said load sensor are installed inside the furnace of said boiler.
8. The automatic optimization control device for coal-fired boiler combustion of claim 1, wherein the working assembly further comprises a chimney, the chimney pipe is connected to the boiler furnace.
9. The coal-fired boiler combustion automatic optimization control device of claim 8, wherein the regulation and control component further comprises a pollution detection device, and the pollution detection device is fixedly connected to an air inlet of the chimney.
10. The automatic optimizing control device for coal-fired boiler combustion according to claim 9, wherein the chimney is provided with a sulfur removal device and a dust removal device inside, and the pollution detection device is matched with the same.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920866734.6U CN210425099U (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Automatic combustion optimization control device for coal-fired boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920866734.6U CN210425099U (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Automatic combustion optimization control device for coal-fired boiler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210425099U true CN210425099U (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920866734.6U Expired - Fee Related CN210425099U (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Automatic combustion optimization control device for coal-fired boiler |
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| CN (1) | CN210425099U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-06-11 CN CN201920866734.6U patent/CN210425099U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200428 Termination date: 20210611 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |