CN109518547A - A kind of rail noise reduction damper and its fabrication and installation method, vibration and noise reducing method - Google Patents
A kind of rail noise reduction damper and its fabrication and installation method, vibration and noise reducing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109518547A CN109518547A CN201811465765.7A CN201811465765A CN109518547A CN 109518547 A CN109518547 A CN 109518547A CN 201811465765 A CN201811465765 A CN 201811465765A CN 109518547 A CN109518547 A CN 109518547A
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- Prior art keywords
- rail
- damper
- noise reduction
- sounding board
- mounting plate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rail noise reduction damper and its fabrication and installation methods, vibration and noise reducing method.Rail noise reduction damper includes sounding board, elastomeric damping layer, connector and mounting plate, mounting plate, sounding board one end be connected to connection body side surface, between sounding board and mounting plate, elastomeric damping layer is filled between adjacent two layers of sounding board.The other end of mounting plate and sounding board is hanging, forms cantilever beam structure.The connection damper on rail, make existing rigid connection flexible connection again between each quality layers/restraint layer of damper, by being rigidly connected on each restraint layer that rail vibration is quickly transmitted to and is transferred to damper, make damper that resonance deformation occur, to carry out vibration and noise reducing to rail.Using the present invention, better effect of vibration and noise reduction can be played, the mounting means with more secure and reliable, and can as needed use the damper mix and match of different performance parameter, resonance frequency number can be further increased, vibration and noise reducing frequency band is widened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rail traffic steel rail vibration damping noise reduction technical fields.
Background technique
For speed per hour in 250km/h rail traffic below, wheel-rail noise accounts for the major part of rail transit noise, and takes turns
Rail noise is mainly made of rolling noise, impact noise and the noise that screams.Using elastic wheel or wheel noise reduction damping bump leveller,
It screams noise and wheel radiated noise can be controlled substantially；Using superlong jointless line, wheel-rail impact noise is also substantially achieved
Control, thus rolling noise becomes the main component in wheel-rail noise.Noise and vibration are in 500 ~ 2500Hz frequency ranges
Property it is related, and rail is the major radiator of noise within this range, therefore inhibits rail vibration, reduces rail acoustic radiation, right
Track circuit noise reduction serves key effect.Currently, vibration isolation measure reaches its maturity under rail, track is transferred to the vibration in ground base
It is greatly lowered, but there is no therefore obtain substance for the rail vibration due to caused by track irregularity and radiated noise
Change.Low rigidity railway rail pad increases rail vibration along the distance that rail is propagated, thus the noise that rail generates will increase
Add；Although and the use higher railway rail pad of rigidity can reduce the noise of rail, also will increase the noise of sleeper simultaneously.If
Increase noise reduction damper to the rail supported by soft pad, can not only increase vibration along the attenuation rate of rail, but also not will increase sleeper
Noise, apparent noise reduction effect will be reached.How rail vibration and radiated noise are more effectively reduced, is art technology
Personnel's technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Rail Measures on Noise Control is broadly divided into Constrained Plates and dynamic vibration absorber two ways at present.Application No. is
The utility model of CN200920230877.4 discloses a kind of steel rail damped vibration absorber, including confining part interconnected and dynamic
Power bump leveller, dynamic vibration absorber is under, and confining part is upper;The cavity shape that confining part and dynamic vibration absorber after connection are constituted
Shape is corresponding with the surface shape of the web of the rail of rail and the rail wing, and the junction of the dynamic vibration absorber and confining part is to cooperate
Protrusion and groove, the inner cavity of raised gabarit and groove is trapezoidal.Application No. is the dynamic absorbers of CN200610023902.2
Multilayer damping-constraining steel rail silencer is from inside to outside the elastomeric property consumptive material bed of material, the first quality layers, the first damping layer, first
Restraint layer, the second damping layer, the second restraint layer, third damping layer, third restraint layer and protective layer.Elastomeric property consumptive material bed of material structure
At the distribution elastic element of dynamic vibration absorber, the first quality layers and three groups of damping layers and restraint layer constitute the distribution of dynamic vibration absorber
Quality, distribution elastic element and distributed mass constitute the dynamic vibration absorber of one group of distribution parameter;First quality layers and three groups of dampings
The distributed mass that layer and restraint layer constitute dynamic vibration absorber can also be used as three layers of damping-constraining simultaneously, reduce the vibration of distributed mass
Deformation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of rail noise reduction damper and its fabrication and installation method, subtract
Shake noise-reduction method, can more effectively reduce rail vibration and radiated noise.
The technical scheme is that a kind of rail noise reduction damper, including sounding board, elastomeric damping layer, connector and
Mounting plate, one end of mounting plate are connected to the top of connection body side surface, and sounding board is located at below mounting plate, and one end of sounding board connects
It connects in connection body side surface；Elastomeric damping layer is filled between sounding board and mounting plate.
Mounting plate and sounding board are horizontally disposed, and the other end of mounting plate and sounding board is hanging, form cantilever beam structure；
The left and right side of connector is respectively connected with mounting plate and sounding board, and the mounting plate of connector left and right side is symmetrical arranged, even
The sounding board of junctor left and right side is symmetrical arranged；Sounding board, connector, mounting plate constitute a bulk metal skeleton；Altogether
Vibration plate and elastomeric damping layer have two layers or more；One layer of elastomeric damping layer is filled between two layers of sounding board of arbitrary neighborhood；It is more
Layer sounding board and multilayer elastic damping layer are alternately arranged and the bottom is sounding board.
Mounting plate, connector and sounding board are metal material；Elastomeric damping layer is damping material, the base of elastomeric damping layer
Material is rubber or pitch；The filling mode of elastomeric damping layer be high temperature vulcanized bonding forming, at a temperature of natural environment injecting glue at
Type or layering bonding forming；The number of plies of elastomeric damping layer and the number of plies of sounding board are identical, and the other end of mounting plate stretches out
Except the other end of sounding board；Mounting plate and sounding board are the long steel plates of cuboid；In the middle part of mounting plate and end is equipped with logical
Hole does not set through-hole；Connector is equipped with through-hole or does not set through-hole；
The molding mode of bulk metal skeleton is long steel plate and short steel plate is alternately arranged and welding fabrication or monoblock cast at
Type；When welding fabrication, the mounting plate of connector two sides is to belong to one block of long steel plate of entirety for running through connector, connector two sides
Same layer sounding board be to belong to one block of long steel plate of entirety for running through connector, and connect between two blocks of long steel plates of arbitrary neighborhood
It is connected to short steel plate.
The rail noise reduction damper is mounted on rail foot, the upper surface of rail rail bottom two sides or steel rail web two
Side；
The connection type of rail noise reduction damper and rail foot is any one of following four:
The first: the mounting plate of rail noise reduction damper is bonded on rail by adhesive；
Second: rail noise reduction damper further includes fixture, by fixture by the mounting plate end of rail noise reduction damper and company
Junctor is clamped to rail foot, and the fixture quantity of each rail noise reduction damper is two sets or three sets；
The third: mounting plate one side edge is bent into U-shaped and is coupled with rail foot one side edge；Another side of mounting plate
Edge bending is at L-shaped and opens up threaded hole, and rail noise reduction damper is fixed on rail by end with the bolt of taper, alternatively,
Another side edge of mounting plate is bent into L shape and opens up rectangle unthreaded hole, and rail noise reduction damper is inserted by the trapezoidal rectangle of end band
Pin is fixed on rail；
4th kind: rail foot is equipped with threaded mounting hole, and the mounting plate end of rail noise reduction damper and connector are equipped with logical
Hole, rail noise reduction damper are mounted on rail foot by screw.
When rail noise reduction damper is longitudinally arranged along rail, rail noise reduction damper is rail longitudinal damper；Rail is vertical
It is any one in following three kinds to the mounting structure of damper:
The first: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The sounding board and elastomeric damping layer of connector left and right side
Using the structure of same parameter, parameter includes the number of plies, every of the number of plies of sounding board, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer
Thickness degree, length；
Second: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The left and right side of connector uses two kinds of different parameters
Two layers of sounding board, two layers of elastomeric damping layer are arranged in structure, the left side of connector, and three layers of sounding board, three are arranged in the right side of connector
Layer damping layer；
The third: along rail center, vertical plane is arranged symmetrically the rail longitudinal damper of two identical or different specifications, and this two
A rail longitudinal damper is two individuals of separation, or shares an entirety of one piece of mounting plate.
When rail noise reduction damper is along rail lateral arrangement, rail noise reduction damper is rail lateral damper；Adjacent two
Multiple rail lateral dampers are installed in rail varying cross-section bottom between sleeper, the multiple rail lateral damper is one
Kind or many kinds of parameters structure, parameter includes the number of plies of the number of plies of sounding board, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer, every layer
Thickness, length；
When multiple rail lateral dampers are the structure of two kinds of different parameters, rail lateral damper includes rail lateral damper
One and rail lateral damper two, rail lateral damper one includes mounting plate one, sounding board one, connector one and elastic damping
Layer one；Rail lateral damper two includes mounting plate two, sounding board two, connector two and elastomeric damping layer two；
The sounding board and elastomeric damping layer of rail lateral damper one respectively have two layers；The sounding board and bullet of rail lateral damper two
Property damping layer respectively has three layers；The thickness of sounding board one is greater than the thickness of sounding board two；Rail lateral damper one and rail are lateral
The interlaced arrangement on rail of damper two；
Rail lateral damper one is mounted at 1/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper and at 3/4, rail lateral damper
Two are mounted at 2/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper.
A kind of fabrication and installation method of rail noise reduction damper, includes the following steps:
Step 1: rail each position vibration distribution when being run according to rail Mode Shape and actual track finds out the main vibration side of rail
To with amplitude position the most outstanding, determine the installation site and operative orientation of rail noise reduction damper；Main vibration will be vertically used as
Direction, using rail bottom position as installation site；
Step 2: according to rail vibration noise dominant frequency when train passes through in actual track and each rank modal frequency of rail, steel is determined
The intrinsic frequency parameter of rail noise reduction damper；
Step 3: according to the requirement of rail noise reduction damper intrinsic frequency, the main order modal mass of rail and rail bottom installation space
Size determines the number of plies, length, thickness, quality and the material of sounding board, and determines the number of plies, the length, thickness of elastomeric damping layer
And elasticity modulus；
Step 4: the optimal damping fissipation factor of elastic damping material is determined；
Step 5: the specific structure and material of rail noise reduction damper are determined；
Step 6: production rail noise reduction damper, specifically include it is following step by step:
S51, manufacture bulk metal skeleton, the molding mode of bulk metal skeleton is using any in following two kinds of modes: first
Kind, mounting plate, connector, sounding board are welded into bulk metal skeleton；Second, integral casting forming；
S52, filling elastomeric damping layer, complete the production of rail noise reduction damper；
Step 7: rail noise reduction damper is mounted on rail foot by installation rail noise reduction damper, mounting means use with
It is any in lower four kinds:
The mounting plate of rail noise reduction damper: being directly bonded on rail by the first using adhesive；
Second: the mounting plate end of rail noise reduction damper and connector are clamped to by rail foot using fixture；
The third: being bent into U-shaped for mounting plate one side edge and be coupled with rail foot one side edge；Mounting plate is another
One side edge bending is at L-shaped and opens up threaded hole, and rail noise reduction damper is fixed on rail with the bolt of taper by end
On, alternatively, another side edge of mounting plate is bent into L shape and opens up rectangle unthreaded hole, rail noise reduction damper passes through end band ladder
The rectangle bolt of shape is fixed on rail；
4th kind: threaded mounting hole is opened up in rail foot, on the mounting plate both ends of rail noise reduction damper and connector
Through-hole is opened up, rail noise reduction damper is mounted on rail foot by screw；
Step 8: carrying out effect of vibration and noise reduction verifying, completes the fabrication and installation of rail noise reduction damper.
The filling mode of elastomeric damping layer is high temperature vulcanized bonding forming, injecting glue forms or divides at a temperature of natural environment
Layer bonding forming；
When rail noise reduction damper is longitudinally arranged along rail, rail noise reduction damper is rail longitudinal damper；Rail longitudinally hinders
The mounting structure of Buddhist nun's device is any one in following three kinds:
The first: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The left and right side sounding board and elastomeric damping layer of connector
Using the structure of same parameter, parameter includes the number of plies, every of the number of plies of sounding board, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer
Thickness degree, length；
Second: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The left and right side of connector uses two kinds of different parameters
Two layers of sounding board, two layers of elastomeric damping layer are arranged in structure, the left side of connector, and three layers of sounding board, three are arranged in the right side of connector
Layer damping layer；
The third: along rail center, vertical plane is arranged symmetrically the rail longitudinal damper of two identical or different specifications, and this two
A rail longitudinal damper is two individuals of separation, or shares an entirety of one piece of mounting plate；
When rail noise reduction damper is along rail lateral arrangement, rail noise reduction damper is rail lateral damper；Adjacent two sleeper
Between in rail varying cross-section bottom multiple rail lateral dampers are installed, the multiple rail lateral damper be it is a kind of or
The structure of many kinds of parameters, parameter include the number of plies of the number of plies of sounding board, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer, every thickness degree,
Length；
When multiple rail lateral dampers are the structure of two kinds of different parameters, rail lateral damper includes rail lateral damper
One and rail lateral damper two, rail lateral damper one and rail lateral damper two interlaced arrangement on rail；
Rail lateral damper one is mounted at 1/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper and at 3/4, rail lateral damper
Two are mounted at 2/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper.
A kind of vibration and noise reducing method, the connection damper on rail, damper use multilayer Level Multiple Degree of Freedom Structures, make to damp
Existing rigid connection flexible connection again between the quality layers and/or restraint layer of device；It is by rigid connection, rail vibration is quick
On each restraint layer for transmitting and being transferred to damper, make damper that resonance deformation occur, to carry out vibration and noise reducing to rail.
Vibration and noise reducing is carried out using above-mentioned rail noise reduction damper；
Each layer of composition " mass-spring-damper " structure of rail noise reduction damper, and each layer can generate along its length it is more
A mode of flexural vibration vibration shape generates multiple resonance mode frequencies, in addition the viscoelastic damping effect that elastomeric damping layer is possessed, thus
Rail noise reduction damper can be made to play the role of multifrequency, wide band dynamic vibration absorber；
Mounting plate, sounding board and the elastomeric damping layer of rail noise reduction damper constitute multilayer damping-constraining structure, and sounding board rises
It is acted on to restraint layer, elastomeric damping layer plays the role of damping layer；
It is used using different parameters rail noise reduction damper mix and match；
The total number of plies and every thickness degree of sounding board and elastomeric damping layer are according to rail modal density, required vibration and noise reducing frequency size
It is determined jointly with the mountable bulk of rail foot；The size of bottom plate is determining according to rail foot size, sounding board and elasticity
The length of damping layer is determined according to sleeper spacing；
When rail noise reduction damper works, when train passes through, due to wheel-rail interaction and wheel track surface roughness, steel is excited
Rail natural mode of vibration simultaneously generates high vibration；On the one hand by mounting plate and connector, rail is main by dynamic absorber effect
Vibrational energy fast transfer at modal frequency causes sounding board in its mode frequency to each layer sounding board of rail noise reduction damper
It significantly resonates at rate, absorbs the vibrational energy of frequency band near modal frequency；On the other hand, when structural bending deforms, installation
Plate and sounding board generate Relative sliding movement, and visco-elastic damping material, which generates shear strain, is lost a part of mechanical energy, thus
Damping-constraining effect is generated, thermal energy consumption is converted by the vibrational energy of rail, mounting plate and sounding board and dissipates；To improve steel
Attenuation rate is vibrated in rail integral damping and longitudinal propagation, achievees the purpose that reduce rail vibration and radiated noise.
The invention proposes a kind of novel rail noise reduction damper structures, can solve existing steel rail vibration damping noise reduction technology
Deficiency, and to the supplement of the prior art, better effect of vibration and noise reduction can be played, the mounting means with more secure and reliable,
And can as needed use the damper mix and match of different performance parameter, resonance frequency number can be further increased, widens and subtracts
Shake noise reduction frequency band.The present invention is different from existing rail damper, steel rail vibration absorber and multilayer damping-constraining technology, innovatively
Using cantilever beam resonance plank frame, existing rigid connection flexible connection again, can pass through between each quality layers/restraint layer
Rail vibration is quickly transmitted and is transferred on each layer sounding board of damper by rigid connection body, makes damper overwhelming majority quality
It is able to that resonance deformation fully occurs, and the elasticity of flexure of sounding board cantilever beam and the elastic properties of materials of damping layer is utilized simultaneously,
Considerably increase damper resonance frequency number, absorbing frequency bandwidth and energy transfer consumption efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is rail longitudinal damper (1 rail longitudinal direction of rail foot installation between adjacent two sleeper in the present invention
Damper) schematic view of the front view；
Fig. 2 is rail longitudinal damper (rail foot 1 rail longitudinal damping of installation between adjacent two sleeper in the present invention
Device) left view structural representation；
Fig. 3 is rail longitudinal damper (rail foot 2 rail longitudinal dampings of installation between adjacent two sleeper in the present invention
Device) left view structural representation；
Fig. 4 is the mounting means schematic diagram for installing rail longitudinal damper in the present invention by special fixture；
Fig. 5 is the mounting means schematic diagram for directly installing rail longitudinal damper in the present invention using mounting plate；
Fig. 6 is the mounting means schematic diagram being mounted on rail noise reduction damper by screw in the present invention below rail；
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is two kinds of different parameters rail lateral damper (rail lateral damper one and rail in the present invention respectively
Lateral damper two) left view structural representation；
Fig. 9 be in the present invention rail lateral damper (between adjacent two sleeper rail varying cross-section bottom install it is multiple
Rail lateral damper) schematic view of the front view；
Description of symbols: mounting plate 1, sounding board 2, connector 3, elastomeric damping layer 4, rail 5, sleeper 6, fixture 7, bolt 8,
Screw 9.
Specific embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, a kind of rail noise reduction damper, including mounting plate 1, sounding board 2, connector 3 and elasticity resistance
Buddhist nun's layer 4.The left and right side of connector is respectively connected with mounting plate and sounding board, and one end of mounting plate is connected to connection body side surface
Top, sounding board are located at the underface of mounting plate, and one end of sounding board is connected to connection body side surface；Between sounding board and mounting plate
Filled with elastomeric damping layer.Mounting plate and sounding board level or generally horizontally disposed, the other end of mounting plate and sounding board
It is hanging, form cantilever beam structure；The other end of mounting plate stretches out except the other end of sounding board；It is on the left of connector and right
The mounting plate and sounding board of side are symmetrical arranged, and sounding board, connector, mounting plate constitute a bulk metal skeleton；Sounding board
There are two layers or more with elastomeric damping layer；One layer of elastomeric damping layer is filled between two layers of sounding board of arbitrary neighborhood；Elasticity resistance
The number of plies of Buddhist nun's layer is identical as the number of plies of sounding board, and multilayer sounding board and multilayer elastic damping layer are alternately arranged and the bottom is resonance
Plate.Mounting plate is long plate profile, and cantilever is in the middle part of connector two sides, only one layer of structure, mounting plate and end is according to installation
Form can be equipped with through-hole or not set through-hole.Sounding board is long plate profile, can be single or multi-layer structure, and sounding board passes through
Connector and mounting plate constitute a bulk metal skeleton.The molding mode of bulk metal skeleton can be long steel plate and short steel plate
It is alternately arranged and integrally welded (for welding fabrication mode, the mounting plates of connector two sides is to belong to one piece through connection
The long steel plate of the entirety of body, the same layer sounding board of connector two sides are the long steel plate of entirety for belonging to one piece through connector, and
It is respectively connected with short steel plate between two blocks of long steel plates of arbitrary neighborhood, then welds each long steel plate and each short steel plate connecting portion
Connect, there is no the solid section of hollow interlayer to constitute connector after welding), it is also possible to integral casting forming (sounding board, connection
Body, mounting plate are integrally formed), and each steel plate mass fraction interconnected is connector, connector can according to installation form
To be equipped with through-hole or not set through-hole.Elastomeric damping layer, filling mode are filled between the long steel plate of each layer of bulk metal skeleton
It can be high temperature vulcanized bonding forming, be also possible to injecting glue molding or layering bonding forming at a temperature of natural environment.
Elastomeric damping layer is multilayered structure, and the number of plies is identical as the total number of plies of sounding board.Sounding board and elastomeric damping layer it is total
The number of plies and every thickness degree are total according to rail modal density, required vibration and noise reducing frequency size and the mountable bulk of rail foot
It is general to require the required number of plies designed more if the frequency number of required vibration and noise reducing is more with determining.The size of bottom plate according to
Rail foot size determines that the length of resonance cantilever slab and elastomeric damping layer is determined according to sleeper spacing.
Mounting plate and sounding board are usually metal material, it is desirable that have enough counter-bending stiffness and strength.Elastic damping
Layer is usually a kind of damping material, and substrate is the polymer composites such as rubber or pitch, has viscoelastic damping characteristic,
It asks rubber material that there is high-damping, suitable modulus, wide temperature range, good weather-proof and endurance quality, and requires rubber and metal adhesive
Securely, to guarantee the reliability, weatherability and effect of vibration and noise reduction of rail noise reduction damper.
Rail noise reduction damper is mounted on 5 bottom of rail, and mounting means has following four: the first mounting means is logical
It crosses adhesive directly the mounting plate of rail noise reduction damper is bonded on rail, as shown in Figure 1.Second of mounting means is logical
It crosses additional special fixture 7 to install, as shown in figure 4, the mounting plate end of rail noise reduction damper and connector are gripped
In rail foot, the fixture quantity of each rail noise reduction damper is usually two sets or three sets.The third mounting means is direct
Connection is realized using the mounting plate of rail noise reduction damper, as shown in figure 5, wherein one side edge is bent into U-shaped by mounting plate
It is installed with rail bottom edge mate, another side edge is bent into L shape, and be provided with threaded hole or rectangle unthreaded hole, is bored by end band
The trapezoidal rectangle bolt of the bolt 8 or end band of shape cooperates the gradient of rail rail bottom two sides upper surface, along horizontal mode to bolt
Or bolt applies load and rail noise reduction damper is tightly fixed on rail.4th kind of mounting means is by advance in steel
Rail rail bottom is drilled with threaded mounting hole, and through-hole is set on rail noise reduction damper both ends and connector, and then passing through screw 9 will
Rail noise reduction damper is mounted on rail rail bottom, as shown in Figure 6.
Rail noise reduction damper of the invention, main vibration direction are that rail is vertical, but according to installation direction and position, rail drops
Damper of making an uproar is divided into two kinds: the first is rail longitudinal damper, is longitudinally arranged along rail, as shown in Figures 1 to 6；Second
It is rail lateral damper, along rail lateral arrangement, as shown in Figure 7 to 9；In this case, it can also only connect
The side setting sounding board and elastomeric damping layer of body.
When the cantilevered orientation of sounding board is longitudinally arranged along rail, following two kinds of schemes can be used: the first scheme is: adjacent
Rail foot between two sleepers 6 can only install 1 rail longitudinal damper, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, rail longitudinal damper
The two sides of connector are equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer structure, two sides can be used same parameter structure (such as the number of plies,
Every thickness degree, length etc.)；If necessary to realize more resonance frequencies and broader vibration and noise reducing frequency band, connector two sides
The structure of two kinds of different parameters, such as side can be used to use two layers of sounding board, two layers of elastomeric damping layer, the other side uses three
Layer three layers of damping layer of sounding board.The first scheme is: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper 6 can only install two rail longitudinal directions
Damper is arranged symmetrically the rail longitudinal damper of two identical or different specifications along rail median plane, as shown in figure 3, and this
Two rail longitudinal dampers can be two individuals of separation, be also possible to share an entirety of one piece of mounting plate.
It, can in rail varying cross-section bottom between adjacent two sleeper when the cantilevered orientation of sounding board is along rail lateral arrangement
Multiple rail lateral dampers are installed, as shown in figure 9, and these rail lateral dampers can be one or more parameters
Organization plan is the damper structure of two kinds of different parameters, respectively one He of rail lateral damper as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8
Rail lateral damper two, rail lateral damper one include mounting plate one, sounding board one, connector one and elastomeric damping layer
One；Rail lateral damper two includes mounting plate two, sounding board two, connector two and elastomeric damping layer two；Such as rail is lateral
Sounding board and elastomeric damping layer in damper one respectively have two layers, and its position in connector is forward；Rail laterally damps
Sounding board and elastomeric damping layer in device two respectively have three layers, and its position in connector is rearward.The thickness of sounding board one is logical
The often greater than thickness of sounding board two.Rail lateral damper one and rail lateral damper two interlaced arrangement and can be taken on rail
With use, such as by organization plan shown in Fig. 7, rail lateral damper one is mounted on 1/4 of rail longitudinal length between sleeper
At place and 3/4, by organization plan shown in Fig. 8, rail lateral damper two is mounted at the 2/4 of rail longitudinal length, from
And vibration and structure acoustic radiation can be inhibited for the multiple vertical modes of rail.
The connection damper on rail, damper use multilayer Level Multiple Degree of Freedom Structures, make the quality layers and/or about of damper
The rigid connection of existing connector has the elastic connection of damping layer again between beam layer.Each layer steel plate (quality is realized by connector
Layer and restraint layer) and rail between rigid connection, on each restraint layer that rail vibration is quickly transmitted to and is transferred to damper,
Make damper that resonance deformation occur, using the comprehensive function of dynamic absorber and constraint damping vibration attenuation, to carry out vibration damping to rail
Noise reduction.
Rail noise reduction damper in the present invention is a kind of subsystem that installation is added on rail.On the one hand the rail drops
Damper of making an uproar is a kind of " mass-spring-damper " tuning quality damping unit, wherein sounding board plays quality and bending stiffness
Effect, elastomeric damping layer plays the role of spring rate and damping.Since rail noise reduction damper is multilayer multiple degrees of freedom knot
Structure, each layer all constitutes " mass-spring-damper " structure, and each layer can produce multiple mode of flexural vibration vibrations along its length
Type has been equivalent to very much " mass-spring-damper " subsystems and has worked at the same time, can produce multiple resonance mode frequencies, in addition
The viscoelastic damping effect that elastomeric damping layer is possessed, so as to make rail noise reduction damper play multifrequency, wide band power
The effect of bump leveller；On the other hand, mounting plate, sounding board and elastomeric damping layer constitute multilayer damping-constraining structure, wherein altogether
Vibration plate plays the role of restraint layer, and elastomeric damping layer plays damping layer, can dramatically increase rail integral damping.
Specific manifestation when rail noise reduction damper works are as follows: when train passes through, due to wheel-rail interaction and wheel track table
Surface roughness excites rail natural mode of vibration and generates high vibration；On the one hand by dynamic absorber effect, by mounting plate and company
Junctor causes each layer sounding board of the vibrational energy fast transfer at rail primary modal frequencies to rail noise reduction damper
Sounding board significantly resonates at its modal frequency, absorbs the vibrational energy of frequency band near modal frequency；On the other hand, work as structure
When bending deformation, mounting plate and sounding board generate Relative sliding movement, and visco-elastic damping material, which generates shear strain, makes a part
Mechanical energy loss, to generate damping-constraining effect, converts thermal dissipation for the vibrational energy of rail, mounting plate and sounding board
Fall；Rail integral damping and longitudinal propagation vibration attenuation rate are finally significantly improved, reaching reduces rail vibration and radiated noise
Purpose.
According to above-mentioned vibration and noise reducing principle, carries out rail noise reduction damper and designs and produces, main method is as follows:
1. rail each position vibration distribution when being run according to rail Mode Shape and actual track, finds the main vibration direction of rail
With amplitude position the most outstanding, the installation site and operative orientation of rail noise reduction damper are determined；Since rail is in straight line path
When section and big sweep sections of road, it is primarily subjected to the vertical dynamic load of wheel, therefore the vertical motion of rail and radiation are made an uproar
Sound is greater than horizontal cross, thus will vertically be used as main vibration direction, while considering installation space and difficulty, vibration displacement is big
Rail bottom position is as installation site.
2. determining resistance according to rail vibration noise dominant frequency when train passes through in actual track and each rank modal frequency of rail
The intrinsic frequency parameter of Buddhist nun's device itself, and matched as much as possible with rail characteristic frequency；
3. being determined according to natural frequency of damper design requirement, the main order modal mass of rail and rail bottom installation space size
The number of plies, length, thickness, quality and the material of sounding board, and determine the number of plies, length, thickness and the springform of elastomeric damping layer
Amount；
4. determining elastic damping according to dynamic absorber and constraint damping design principle, effect of vibration and noise reduction prediction and parameter optimization
The best fissipation factor of material.
5. determining the specific structure and material of rail noise reduction damper, carry out being installed on the effect of vibration and noise reduction after rail
Verifying.
Rail longitudinal damper described above can also be according to rail profile other than it may be arranged at rail rail bottom face
Shape is arranged in the upper surface of rail rail bottom two sides, operative orientation is usually vertical at this time after Transform Type design；It can also be with
Web of the rail two sides are arranged in, operative orientation is generally lateral at this time.But noise-reduction method, the general design idea of rail longitudinal damper
Former scheme above can be used with sounding board cantilever design form.
Mentioned-above rail noise reduction damper can be applied in combination with above-mentioned alternative solution, i.e., in-orbit beneath side and the web of the rail
Rail noise reduction damper is installed simultaneously in two sides；It can also (such as the steel rail vibration absorbers of web of the rail two sides, multilayer constrain with the prior art
Damping structure etc.) it arranges in pairs or groups or is applied in combination.
Dynamic absorber, which refers to, absorbs the vibrational energy of object using resonance system to reduce object vibration.Constrained damping structure
It is to be bonded in visco-elastic damping material between base metal plate and the biggish restraint layer of rigidity (usually metal plate), works as structure
When bending deformation, base metal plate and restraint layer generate Relative sliding movement, and visco-elastic damping material, which generates shear strain, makes one
The structure that some mechanical can be lost.Damping ratios refer under each rank modal frequency of structure, damped coefficient and critical damping
The ratio between coefficient is the term of description scheme certain energy dissipation in resonance process.
Compared with the prior art being partially close is carried out simply with the present invention below.
First say three kinds of prior arts, the first is primarily directed to the wave degree generated in rail vibration and operational process, benefit
With compound constant damping material and dynamic vibration absorber, the radiation of the high, medium and low frequency noise of rail and the generation of wave degree are controlled, from
Sound source vibration angle carries out the improvement of noise, and working principle is mainly to pass through the compound action of damping-constraining and dynamic absorber,
Wherein damping-constraining is mounted on the high-frequency vibration for being used to reduce rail on the web of the rail, and dynamic vibration absorber, which is mounted on rail bottom, to be used to reduce steel
The middle frequency vibration of rail.Such the shortcomings of the prior art has: 1. in fact, the main noise radiation frequency of rail concentrates on
The practical noise reduction effect of intermediate frequency range near 800Hz, damping-constraining is worth discussion；2. the installation folder for playing restraint layer is signed an undertaking
Structure rigidity is too big, and cannot adhere into an entirety well between damping material, therefore damping-constraining effect is limited；Though 3.
Right steel rail damped vibration absorber also dynamic absorbing part, but powered shock absorption device realizes elasticity even by steel spring and damping layer
It connecing, absorbing quality and elastic element are single, and the resonance frequency that can be generated is less, and it is single that this also leads to its absorbing frequency,
And the actual noise radiative frequency span of rail is wider, single shock absorber elements are difficult to efficiently control rail noise；4. due to
The isolation of damping material, rail vibration cannot be directly quickly transferred in mass block, therefore the absorbing that can play the role of is limited；
5. although the invention proposes the arrangement resonant mass gauge block between rail foot and fixture, but do not provide exact design and reality
Apply scheme；
Second of prior art mainly successively alternately pastes damping layer and restraint layer from inside to outside on steel rail web and the rail wing,
Multilayer damping-constraining is ultimately formed, existing deficiency is: since rail and wheel stiffnesses are very big, in addition the characteristic of damping material is former
Cause, even with damping-constraining, the damping value provided is still reached to less than the optimal damping for inhibiting rail and unsteadiness of wheels, only
Can play certain noise reduction effect to 2kHz or more high band, but rail vibration harmony radiation energy be concentrated mainly on 300 ~
1500Hz, therefore damping and noise reduction effect are limited, especially middle low frequency noise reduction effect is poor；
The third prior art is primarily referred to as its structure only with a kind of deformable material, the dynamic absorber of upper and lower two mass blocks
Device is mounted on steel rail web two sides, make upper layer and lower layer structure can only generate a resonance frequency or two very close to resonance frequency
Rate, layer of improving quality will cause tunable frequency range single, noise reduction frequency band is relatively narrow with understructure common resonance.And due to matter
There is damping material completely isolated between gauge block and rail, rail vibration cannot be directly quickly transferred in mass block.
The present invention and the same or similar point of the first prior art include: both to be installed using rail bottom；Both have
Power shock-absorbing means.
Compared with the above-mentioned prior art, innovative point of the invention is specifically included that
1, the present invention program is different from existing rail damper, steel rail vibration absorber and multilayer damping-constraining technology, innovatively
Using cantilever beam resonance plank frame, existing rigid connection flexible connection again, can pass through between each quality layers/restraint layer
Rail vibration is quickly transmitted and is transferred on each layer sounding board of rail noise reduction damper by rigid connection body, hinders rail noise reduction
Buddhist nun's device overwhelming majority quality is able to that resonance deformation fully occurs；
2, the rail noise reduction damper takes full advantage of the material of the mass property of sounding board cantilever beam, the elasticity of flexure and damping layer
Elasticity and damping characteristic, due to being multilayer Level Multiple Degree of Freedom Structures, each layer all constitutes " mass-spring-damper " structure, and each
Layer can produce multiple mode of flexural vibration vibration shapes along its length, be equivalent to many " mass-spring-damper " subsystems same
When work, can produce multiple resonance mode frequencies, in addition the viscoelastic damping effect that elastomeric damping layer is possessed, so as to make steel
Rail noise reduction damper plays the role of multifrequency, wide band dynamic vibration absorber；
3, the mounting plate of the rail noise reduction damper, sounding board and elastomeric damping layer constitute multilayer damping-constraining structure, wherein
Sounding board plays the role of restraint layer, and elastomeric damping layer plays damping layer, can dramatically increase rail integral damping.It therefore can be big
It is big to increase rail noise reduction damper resonance frequency number, widen absorbing frequency bandwidth, increase rail increment and damp and improve energy
Transfer and consumption efficiency, therefore there is better effect of vibration and noise reduction, to solve the technical issues of prior art (quality layers
Or completely isolated by elastomeric damping layer between restraint layer, generated resonance frequency negligible amounts, and energy can not quickly fill
Point be transferred on quality layers/restraint layer, the problems such as absorbing frequency is relatively narrow, and energy transfer consumption efficiency is low)；
4, the present invention provides two kinds of novel rail noise reduction damper structures, steel rail vibration damping noise reduction effect is improved；And it is existing
It is completely isolated by elastomeric damping layer between the quality layers or restraint layer of technology, therefore generated resonance frequency negligible amounts, and
Energy quickly can not be fully transferred on quality layers/restraint layer, therefore absorbing frequency is relatively narrow, energy transfer consumption efficiency compared with
It is low；
5, the present invention proposes the scheme that different parameters rail noise reduction damper mix and match uses as needed, can further increase
Add resonance frequency number, widen vibration and noise reducing frequency band, solves the problems, such as that the resonance frequency of the prior art is few, vibration and noise reducing frequency band is narrow；
6, the invention proposes several feasible mount schemes of rail noise reduction damper, solve rail noise reduction damper and rail it
Between installation connectivity problem, it is ensured that rail noise reduction damper can normally play its vibration and noise reducing function, and guarantee connection reliability；
7, the invention also provides the noise-reduction methods and design method that are directed to rail noise reduction damper.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., is all included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rail noise reduction damper, including sounding board, elastomeric damping layer, characterized in that it further include connector and mounting plate,
One end of mounting plate is connected to the top of connection body side surface, and sounding board is located at below mounting plate, and one end of sounding board is connected to
Junctor side；Elastomeric damping layer is filled between sounding board and mounting plate.
2. rail noise reduction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that mounting plate and sounding board are horizontally disposed, peace
The other end of loading board and sounding board is hanging, forms cantilever beam structure；The left and right side of connector be respectively connected with mounting plate and
The mounting plate of sounding board, connector left and right side is symmetrical arranged, and the sounding board of connector left and right side is symmetrical arranged；Altogether
Vibration plate, connector, mounting plate constitute a bulk metal skeleton；Sounding board and elastomeric damping layer have two layers or more；Any phase
One layer of elastomeric damping layer is filled between adjacent two layers of sounding board；Multilayer sounding board and multilayer elastic damping layer are alternately arranged and most
Bottom is sounding board.
3. rail noise reduction damper according to claim 2, characterized in that mounting plate, connector and sounding board are gold
Belong to material；Elastomeric damping layer is damping material, and the substrate of elastomeric damping layer is rubber or pitch；The filling mode of elastomeric damping layer
It is high temperature vulcanized bonding forming, injecting glue molding or layering bonding forming at a temperature of natural environment；The number of plies of elastomeric damping layer
Identical as the number of plies of sounding board, the other end of mounting plate stretches out except the other end of sounding board；Mounting plate and sounding board are equal
It is the long steel plate of cuboid；In the middle part of mounting plate and end is equipped with through-hole or does not set through-hole；Connector is equipped with through-hole or does not set
Through-hole；
The molding mode of bulk metal skeleton is long steel plate and short steel plate is alternately arranged and welding fabrication or monoblock cast at
Type；When welding fabrication, the mounting plate of connector two sides is to belong to one block of long steel plate of entirety for running through connector, connector two sides
Same layer sounding board be to belong to one block of long steel plate of entirety for running through connector, and connect between two blocks of long steel plates of arbitrary neighborhood
It is connected to short steel plate.
4. rail noise reduction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail noise reduction damper is mounted on rail
Bottom, rail rail bottom two sides upper surface or steel rail web two sides；
The connection type of rail noise reduction damper and rail foot is any one of following four:
The first: the mounting plate of rail noise reduction damper is bonded on rail by adhesive；
Second: rail noise reduction damper further includes fixture, by fixture by the mounting plate end of rail noise reduction damper and company
Junctor is clamped to rail foot, and the fixture quantity of each rail noise reduction damper is two sets or three sets；
The third: mounting plate one side edge is bent into U-shaped and is coupled with rail foot one side edge；Another side of mounting plate
Edge bending is at L-shaped and opens up threaded hole, and rail noise reduction damper is fixed on rail by end with the bolt of taper, alternatively,
Another side edge of mounting plate is bent into L shape and opens up rectangle unthreaded hole, and rail noise reduction damper is inserted by the trapezoidal rectangle of end band
Pin is fixed on rail；
4th kind: rail foot is equipped with threaded mounting hole, and the mounting plate end of rail noise reduction damper and connector are equipped with logical
Hole, rail noise reduction damper are mounted on rail foot by screw.
5. rail noise reduction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that rail noise reduction damper is longitudinally arranged along rail
When, rail noise reduction damper is rail longitudinal damper；The mounting structure of rail longitudinal damper is any in following three kinds
It is a kind of:
The first: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The sounding board and elastomeric damping layer of connector left and right side
Using the structure of same parameter, parameter includes the number of plies, every of the number of plies of sounding board, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer
Thickness degree, length；
Second: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The left and right side of connector uses two kinds of different parameters
Two layers of sounding board, two layers of elastomeric damping layer are arranged in structure, the left side of connector, and three layers of sounding board, three are arranged in the right side of connector
Layer damping layer；
The third: along rail center, vertical plane is arranged symmetrically the rail longitudinal damper of two identical or different specifications, and this two
A rail longitudinal damper is two individuals of separation, or shares an entirety of one piece of mounting plate.
6. rail noise reduction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that rail noise reduction damper is along rail lateral arrangement
When, rail noise reduction damper is rail lateral damper；In rail varying cross-section bottom, installation is multiple between adjacent two sleeper
Rail lateral damper, the multiple rail lateral damper are the structures of one or more parameters, and parameter includes sounding board
The number of plies, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer the number of plies, every thickness degree, length；
When multiple rail lateral dampers are the structure of two kinds of different parameters, rail lateral damper includes rail lateral damper
One and rail lateral damper two, rail lateral damper one includes mounting plate one, sounding board one, connector one and elastic damping
Layer one；Rail lateral damper two includes mounting plate two, sounding board two, connector two and elastomeric damping layer two；
The sounding board and elastomeric damping layer of rail lateral damper one respectively have two layers；The sounding board and bullet of rail lateral damper two
Property damping layer respectively has three layers；The thickness of sounding board one is greater than the thickness of sounding board two；Rail lateral damper one and rail are lateral
The interlaced arrangement on rail of damper two；
Rail lateral damper one is mounted at 1/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper and at 3/4, rail lateral damper
Two are mounted at 2/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper.
7. a kind of fabrication and installation method of rail noise reduction damper, includes the following steps:
Step 1: rail each position vibration distribution when being run according to rail Mode Shape and actual track finds out the main vibration side of rail
To with amplitude position the most outstanding, determine the installation site and operative orientation of rail noise reduction damper；Main vibration will be vertically used as
Direction, using rail bottom position as installation site；
Step 2: according to rail vibration noise dominant frequency when train passes through in actual track and each rank modal frequency of rail, steel is determined
The intrinsic frequency parameter of rail noise reduction damper；
Step 3: according to the requirement of rail noise reduction damper intrinsic frequency, the main order modal mass of rail and rail bottom installation space
Size determines the number of plies, length, thickness, quality and the material of sounding board, and determines the number of plies, the length, thickness of elastomeric damping layer
And elasticity modulus；
Step 4: the optimal damping fissipation factor of elastic damping material is determined；
Step 5: the specific structure and material of rail noise reduction damper are determined；
Step 6: production rail noise reduction damper, specifically include it is following step by step:
S51, manufacture bulk metal skeleton, the molding mode of bulk metal skeleton is using any in following two kinds of modes: first
Kind, mounting plate, connector, sounding board are welded into bulk metal skeleton；Second, integral casting forming；
S52, filling elastomeric damping layer, complete the production of rail noise reduction damper；
Step 7: rail noise reduction damper is mounted on rail foot by installation rail noise reduction damper, mounting means use with
It is any in lower four kinds:
The mounting plate of rail noise reduction damper: being directly bonded on rail by the first using adhesive；
Second: the mounting plate end of rail noise reduction damper and connector are clamped to by rail foot using fixture；
The third: being bent into U-shaped for mounting plate one side edge and be coupled with rail foot one side edge；Mounting plate is another
One side edge bending is at L-shaped and opens up threaded hole, and rail noise reduction damper is fixed on rail with the bolt of taper by end
On, alternatively, another side edge of mounting plate is bent into L shape and opens up rectangle unthreaded hole, rail noise reduction damper passes through end band ladder
The rectangle bolt of shape is fixed on rail；
4th kind: threaded mounting hole is opened up in rail foot, on the mounting plate both ends of rail noise reduction damper and connector
Through-hole is opened up, rail noise reduction damper is mounted on rail foot by screw；
Step 8: carrying out effect of vibration and noise reduction verifying, completes the fabrication and installation of rail noise reduction damper.
8. the fabrication and installation method of rail noise reduction damper according to claim 7, characterized in that elastomeric damping layer is filled out
The mode of filling is high temperature vulcanized bonding forming, injecting glue molding or layering bonding forming at a temperature of natural environment；
When rail noise reduction damper is longitudinally arranged along rail, rail noise reduction damper is rail longitudinal damper；Rail longitudinally hinders
The mounting structure of Buddhist nun's device is any one in following three kinds:
The first: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The left and right side sounding board and elastomeric damping layer of connector
Using the structure of same parameter, parameter includes the number of plies, every of the number of plies of sounding board, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer
Thickness degree, length；
Second: the rail foot between adjacent two sleeper is equipped with a rail longitudinal damper, and rail longitudinal damper connects
The left and right side of junctor is equipped with sounding board and elastomeric damping layer；The left and right side of connector uses two kinds of different parameters
Two layers of sounding board, two layers of elastomeric damping layer are arranged in structure, the left side of connector, and three layers of sounding board, three are arranged in the right side of connector
Layer damping layer；
The third: along rail center, vertical plane is arranged symmetrically the rail longitudinal damper of two identical or different specifications, and this two
A rail longitudinal damper is two individuals of separation, or shares an entirety of one piece of mounting plate；
When rail noise reduction damper is along rail lateral arrangement, rail noise reduction damper is rail lateral damper；Adjacent two sleeper
Between in rail varying cross-section bottom multiple rail lateral dampers are installed, the multiple rail lateral damper be it is a kind of or
The structure of many kinds of parameters, parameter include the number of plies of the number of plies of sounding board, every thickness degree, length and elastomeric damping layer, every thickness degree,
Length；
When multiple rail lateral dampers are the structure of two kinds of different parameters, rail lateral damper includes rail lateral damper
One and rail lateral damper two, rail lateral damper one and rail lateral damper two interlaced arrangement on rail；
Rail lateral damper one is mounted at 1/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper and at 3/4, rail lateral damper
Two are mounted at 2/4 of the rail longitudinal length between sleeper.
9. a kind of vibration and noise reducing method, characterized in that the connection damper on rail, damper use multilayer multiple degrees of freedom knot
Structure makes existing rigid connection flexible connection again between the quality layers and/or restraint layer of damper；By rigid connection, by steel
Rail vibration is quickly transmitted and is transferred on each restraint layer of damper, makes damper that resonance deformation occur, to carry out to rail
Vibration and noise reducing.
10. vibration and noise reducing method according to claim 9, characterized in that hindered using rail noise reduction described in claim 1
Buddhist nun's device carries out vibration and noise reducing；
Each layer of composition " mass-spring-damper " structure of rail noise reduction damper, and each layer can generate along its length it is more
A mode of flexural vibration vibration shape generates multiple resonance mode frequencies, in addition the viscoelastic damping effect that elastomeric damping layer is possessed, thus
Rail noise reduction damper can be made to play the role of multifrequency, wide band dynamic vibration absorber；
Mounting plate, sounding board and the elastomeric damping layer of rail noise reduction damper constitute multilayer damping-constraining structure, and sounding board rises
It is acted on to restraint layer, elastomeric damping layer plays the role of damping layer；
It is used using different parameters rail noise reduction damper mix and match；
The total number of plies and every thickness degree of sounding board and elastomeric damping layer are according to rail modal density, required vibration and noise reducing frequency size
It is determined jointly with the mountable bulk of rail foot；The size of bottom plate is determining according to rail foot size, sounding board and elasticity
The length of damping layer is determined according to sleeper spacing；
When rail noise reduction damper works, when train passes through, due to wheel-rail interaction and wheel track surface roughness, steel is excited
Rail natural mode of vibration simultaneously generates high vibration；On the one hand by mounting plate and connector, rail is main by dynamic absorber effect
Vibrational energy fast transfer at modal frequency causes sounding board in its mode frequency to each layer sounding board of rail noise reduction damper
It significantly resonates at rate, absorbs the vibrational energy of frequency band near modal frequency；On the other hand, when structural bending deforms, installation
Plate and sounding board generate Relative sliding movement, and visco-elastic damping material, which generates shear strain, is lost a part of mechanical energy, thus
Damping-constraining effect is generated, thermal energy consumption is converted by the vibrational energy of rail, mounting plate and sounding board and dissipates；To improve steel
Attenuation rate is vibrated in rail integral damping and longitudinal propagation, achievees the purpose that reduce rail vibration and radiated noise.
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