CN108774926A - Combined Rail Tuning Vibration and Noise Reduction Device and Method for Adjusting Its System Natural Frequency - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device and a method for adjusting the natural frequency of the system, belonging to the field of rail traffic vibration and noise control. The invention includes a constrained damping structure and a tuning mass damping device, the constrained damping structure includes a constraining plate, a damping layer and a connecting plate; the tuning mass damping device includes an elastic body made of elastic material, and at least one mass is arranged in the elastic body The vibrator, the tuning mass damping device also includes a pressure equalizing plate and a frequency-modulating spring clamp, a pressure equalizing plate is partially provided on the non-fitting side of the elastic body, the stiffness of the pressure equalizing plate is greater than that of the elastic body, and the frequency-modulating spring clamp covers the local The bottom of the rail. The invention prevents the elastic body from being directly exposed to the external environment, can reduce the influence of the external environment on the physical properties of the elastic body polymer material, prevents the elastic body from being scratched and damaged by external objects, and is beneficial to ensure the vibration and noise reduction performance of the tuning mass vibration damping device , Extend product life.

Description

Combined Rail Tuning Vibration and Noise Reduction Device and Method for Adjusting Its System Natural Frequency

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise control of rail traffic, and in particular relates to a vibration damping device arranged on a non-working surface of a rail and used to reduce the vibration and noise generated by the rail during rail vehicle operation.

Background technique

In recent years, the rapid development of my country's rail transit has provided people with a fast and safe way of travel. At the same time, the vibration and noise problems generated by it have also seriously affected the quality of life of surrounding residents, endangered the safety of surrounding buildings, and made the track itself stable. Safety, safety and service life are also affected.

Research shows that among the railway noise generated during train operation, wheel-rail noise accounts for a high proportion, and the contribution of medium and high-frequency noise radiated by rail vibration to the final total noise is particularly obvious. Therefore, the vibration and noise control of rail It is of great significance to the vibration and noise reduction of urban rail transit. In order to control the vibration and noise of the rail, engineers have developed various types of vibration and noise reduction products, among which the tuned shock absorber is more common, which uses the mass-spring to generate a reaction force for power consumption when the rail vibrates. Reduce the vibration of the rail, such as the rail tuned shock absorber disclosed in Patent Application No. 200480019707.1, this type of product can achieve a certain effect of vibration reduction and noise reduction. However, it has been found in engineering applications that elastic elements such as rubber are generally used in the existing technical solutions, and then mass blocks are built into the elastic elements, and the rail transit is widely distributed and the external environmental conditions vary widely, long-term direct exposure After being exposed to the external environment, the physical properties of rubber and other elastic materials are easily affected by the external environment, and are also easily scratched and damaged by external objects, which in turn has a negative impact on the vibration and noise reduction performance and service life of the tuned shock absorber. Limited by the structure and materials, the applicable frequency range of this kind of tuned damper for rails is small. For example, for low frequency control, the elastomer needs to have high elasticity, and the material is soft and easy to creep or be torn; For frequency control, the elastic body needs to have a large elastic modulus and hardness, which is easy to contact unevenly and requires a large buckle force. The fixing parts of the existing products on the market directly act on the elastic body, and a large crimping force will cause local subsidence, creep or cracking of the elastic body in the crimping contact area, affecting the vibration damping effect and service life. Furthermore, this type of rail tuned damper generally has the following deficiencies: (1) the natural frequency of the tuned damper is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the actual engineering situation; (2) once the material cracks, cracks will form inside, The stiffness of the elastic element and the operating frequency of the tuned shock absorber will change; (3) Once the elastic material cracks, the TMD mass block will fall off, which will bring safety hazards to the train operation; (4) After being clamped from both sides by the spring clamp , The buckle pressure balance in all directions is not stable, and the TMD is easy to pull out and fall off.

In summary, it can be seen that the existing tuned shock absorbers have defects such as limited vibration and noise reduction effects, unstable performance, narrow applicable frequency range, short service life, and insufficient safety.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device with good vibration and noise reduction effect, strong weather resistance, stable performance, wide applicable frequency range, safe use and long service life.

The combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention is realized in this way, including a constrained damping structure and a tuning mass damping device, the constrained damping structure includes a constraining plate, a damping layer and a connecting plate; the tuning mass damping device includes An elastic body made of elastic material, at least one mass vibrator is arranged in the elastic body, the fitting side of the elastic body cooperates with the non-working surface of the restraining plate or/and rail, and the shape of the fitting side of the elastic body is consistent with the non-working surface of the restraining plate or/and rail The shape of the surface corresponds, and it is characterized in that the tuning mass damping device also includes a pressure equalizing plate and a frequency-tuning spring clamp, and the non-fitting side of the elastic body is partially provided with a pressure equalizing plate, and the stiffness of the pressure equalizing plate is greater than that of the elastic body. The frequency modulation spring clamp covers the rail bottom of some rails. When working, the frequency modulation spring clamp is buckled on the pressure equalizing plate. The frequency modulation spring clamp cooperates with the pressure equalizing plate to press and fix the pressure equalizing plate together with the elastic body on the surface of the rail. The pressure equalizing plate and the frequency modulation spring The clamp fit exerts preload on the elastic body both vertically and laterally on the rail.

Wherein, the pressure equalizing plate and the elastic body can be integrated to facilitate installation and enhance the protective effect on the elastic body.

In addition, in order to optimize the damping performance or facilitate simultaneous control of vibrations of multiple frequencies, the elastic body may also include at least two sub-elastic bodies made of elastic materials with different stiffnesses. The mass vibrator is set in the two sub-elastic bodies, or the mass vibrator is respectively set in each sub-elastic body.

The specific shape of the mass vibrator in the present invention can be varied, and it can be various shapes such as cylinder, cuboid, sphere, etc., including various irregular shapes; in addition, the mass vibrator can also be a granular bulk material, and the granular The bulk material space is arranged in the elastic body. Generally speaking, it is necessary to choose granular bulk materials with a relatively large weight to meet the needs of quality tuning and vibration reduction, such as iron sand, gravel, sand, heavy metal slag, etc. In the present invention, the structure of the frequency-modulating spring clamp can also be varied. In addition to being integrally made of materials such as spring steel sheets or spring steel wires, the frequency-modulating spring clamp can also adopt a split structure.

In addition, the combined rail tuning, vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention may also include a protective connecting plate, the protective connecting plate is arranged on the bonding side of the elastic body, the protective connecting plate and the elastic body are integrated, and the elastic body is connected through the protective The plate cooperates with the non-working surface of the rail. As a special example, the protective connecting plate can also be integrated with the restraining plate. In order to increase the contact area and improve the damping effect, a convex-concave structure can also be provided on the side where the protective connecting plate is in contact with the elastic body.

In order to prevent the frequency modulation spring clamp from slipping or shifting from the pressure equalizing plate during use, the frequency modulation spring clamp and the pressure equalizing plate can also be provided with corresponding convex and concave structures for mutual limitation. In addition, in order to ensure the relative stability between the elastic body and the constraining plate, the constraining plate may also be provided with limiting bars corresponding to the elastic body.

At least one pressure equalizing plate is provided, and the width of the pressure equalizing plate is at least twice the width of the frequency-adjusting spring clamp, so as to facilitate installation and improve installation reliability. In addition, a convex-concave structure for increasing the bending rigidity can also be provided on the pressure equalizing plate. Corrugations set in waves, etc.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the system natural frequency of the aforementioned combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device, by changing the number of frequency-tuned spring clamps used, or changing the size of the frequency-modulated spring clamps used, Or change the material of the FM spring clamp used to achieve the purpose of adjusting the natural frequency of the system.

The specific forms of the restraint damping structure provided in the combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention can be varied, and it can be a "sandwich" structure composed of a connecting plate of a flat structure and a restraining plate clamping a damping layer; it can also be A "labyrinth" constrained damping structure is adopted. In this constrained damping structure, the connecting plate and the restraining plate are respectively provided with convex and concave structures at intervals, and the damping layer is set on the zigzag cavity formed by the cooperation of the convex and concave structures on the connecting plate and the constraining plate. indoor.

The combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention can effectively suppress the vibration of a specific frequency that contributes greatly to the vibration energy of the rail by using the tuning mass vibration reduction device by simultaneously setting the restraint damping structure and the tuning mass vibration reduction device, and significantly reducing the vibration of the rail and noise level, the use of constrained damping structure can effectively block the noise radiation on the surface of the rail, so as to achieve a significant effect of vibration and noise reduction during operation.

Compared with the prior art, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects by partially setting a pressure equalizing plate on the non-fitting side of the elastic body in the tuning mass vibration damping device:

(1) Utilize the pressure equalizing plate to form effective protection for the elastic body and the quality block, prevent the elastic body from being directly exposed to the external environment, reduce the influence of the external environment on the physical properties of the elastic polymer polymer material, and prevent the elastic body from being scratched and damaged by external objects , which is conducive to ensuring the vibration and noise reduction performance of the tuning mass damping device and prolonging the service life of the product;

(2) After buckling and clamping with frequency-modulated spring clamps, in addition to mass tuning and vibration reduction, when the mass vibrator and equalizing plate are greater than 1/2 wavelength of a modal frequency, the mass vibrator and equalizing plate will restrain the elastic body. The relative deformation between the two will shear the damping material between the two to achieve additional shear deformation energy dissipation, so the vibration reduction effect is more significant;

(3) After being installed and fixed by the FM spring clamp, the FM spring clamp buckles the pressure equalizing plate to provide a uniform pre-pressure for the elastic body. On the one hand, it can reduce the pressure in the contact area, effectively preventing local creep or cracking of the elastomer material, and its damping The performance is more stable, and the natural frequency of the system is also more stable. Therefore, the material selection of the elastomer in the present invention is wider, the applicable frequency range is wider, the vibration reduction performance of the product is more stable, and the safety is better;

(4) The buckle pressure is balanced in all directions, and it is not easy to fall off;

(5) Compared with the prior art, the greatest technical advantage of the present invention is that by changing the elasticity of the FM spring clamp, the natural frequency of the system of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention can be changed, and there are many adjustment elasticity The method includes: 1) changing the number of frequency-modulating spring clamps used; 2) changing the material of the frequency-modulating spring clamps used; 3) changing the size of the frequency-modulating spring clamps used, and so on. The FM spring clamp itself can form different rigidities through changes in quantity, material or size. After cooperating with the pressure equalizing plate and the tuning mass damping device, the natural frequency of the tuning mass damping device can be changed, and then the entire combined rail of the present invention can be changed. The system natural frequency of the tuning vibration and noise reduction device can be adjusted before leaving the factory and on site, which brings great convenience to production and on-site fine adjustment. Especially in the field, the natural frequency of the system of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention can be adjusted on site according to the measured frequency of the rail, so that the natural frequency of the system is closer to or consistent with the vibration frequency to be controlled, thereby greatly improving the performance of tuning and vibration reduction ;

(6) Due to the addition of a pressure equalizing plate, the buckle pressure exerted by the FM spring clamp can be evenly converted into the pre-tightening force on the elastic body, and the elasticity of the elastic body in the tuning mass damping device basically changes linearly with the stiffness of the FM spring clamp , relatively regular and stable, making it possible to adjust the natural frequency of the system by using the stiffness change of the frequency-tuned spring clamp, and will not cause damage to the elastic body. In contrast, in the traditional technology, when the rigidity of the elastic clamp is large, after it is directly matched with the elastic body, the large crimping force will cause local subsidence, creep or cracking of the elastic body in the crimping contact area, which will affect the vibration damping effect and service life. In addition, there is a nonlinear change between the elasticity of the elastic body and the stiffness of the elastic clamp, which cannot accurately control the natural frequency of the system.

In summary, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention has simple structure, stable performance, wider applicable frequency range, long service life, good vibration and noise reduction effect, and very superior cost performance; the present invention adjusts the combined The method of tuning the system natural frequency of the rail vibration and noise reduction device is simple, easy to operate, and can be widely used to control the vibration and noise of the rail in the rail transit operation process, and its market application prospect is very broad.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the third structural schematic diagram of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the fifth structural schematic diagram of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the sixth structural schematic diagram of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the seventh schematic structural view of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the eighth structural schematic diagram of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the ninth structural diagram of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a right side view of Fig. 9 .

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

As shown in Figure 1, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention includes a restraint damping structure and a tuning mass damping device, and the restraint damping structure includes a restraint plate 23, a damping layer 22 and a connecting plate 21; the tuning The mass damping device includes an elastic body 2 made of elastic material. A mass vibrator 3 is arranged inside the elastic body 2 . The shape of the fitting side corresponds to the shape of the restraining plate and the non-working surface of the rail. In addition, it also includes a pressure equalizing plate 4 and a frequency modulation spring clamp 5. The non-fitting side of the elastic body is partially provided with a pressure equalizing plate 4. The pressure equalizing plate 4 The stiffness is greater than that of the elastic body 2, and the length of the pressure equalizing plate 4 and the elastic body 2 along the longitudinal direction of the rail are basically the same. , the frequency modulation spring clamp 5 cooperates with the pressure equalizing plate 4 to press and fix the pressure equalizing plate 4 together with the elastic body 2 on the surface of the rail 1, and the pressure equalizing plate 4 cooperates with the frequency modulation spring clamp 5 to apply the elastic body 2 vertically and laterally on the rail simultaneously preload. Among them, the elastic body 2 is specifically made of elastic rubber material, the mass vibrator 3 is made of cast iron material, the pressure equalizing plate 4 is made of carbon fiber material, and the frequency modulation spring clamp 5 is made of spring steel wire. In this example, the frequency modulation spring clamp 5 is provided in total. Two are correspondingly arranged at the ends of both sides of the tuning mass damping device. The constrained damping structure is specifically a "sandwich" structure in which the connecting plate 21 and the constraining plate 23 of the planar structure sandwich the damping layer 22 .

In application, the constrained damping structure composed of the connecting plate 21, the damping layer 22 and the constraining plate 23 is attached to the rail waist respectively, and then the elastic body 2 and the mass vibrator 3 are respectively placed on both sides of the constrained damping structure, and then the The pressure equalizing plate 4 is placed on the corresponding non-fitting side of the elastic body 2, and finally the pressure equalizing plate 4, together with the elastic body 2 and the constrained damping structure, is pressed and fixed on the surface of the rail 1 by using the frequency-adjusting spring clamp 5.

The combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention can effectively suppress the vibration of a specific frequency that contributes greatly to the vibration energy of the rail by using the tuning mass vibration reduction device by simultaneously setting the restraint damping structure and the tuning mass vibration reduction device, and significantly reducing the vibration of the rail and noise level, the use of constrained damping structure can effectively block the noise radiation on the surface of the rail, so as to achieve a significant effect of vibration and noise reduction during operation. The combined rail tuning, vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects by partially setting a pressure equalizing plate on the non-fitting side of the elastic body:

(1) Utilize the pressure equalizing plate to form effective protection for the elastic body and the quality block, prevent the elastic body from being directly exposed to the external environment, reduce the influence of the external environment on the physical properties of the elastic polymer polymer material, and prevent the elastic body from being scratched and damaged by external objects , which is conducive to ensuring the vibration and noise reduction performance of the tuning mass damping device and prolonging the service life of the product;

(2) After buckling and clamping with frequency-modulated spring clamps, in addition to mass tuning and vibration reduction, when the mass vibrator and equalizing plate are greater than 1/2 wavelength of a modal frequency, the mass vibrator and equalizing plate will restrain the elastic body. The relative deformation between the two will shear the damping material between the two to achieve additional shear deformation energy dissipation, so the vibration reduction effect is more significant;

(3) After being installed and fixed by the FM spring clamp, the FM spring clamp buckles the equalizing plate to provide a uniform pre-pressure for the elastic body, which can reduce the pressure in the contact area, effectively prevent local creep or cracking of the elastic body material, and its damping performance is more stable , the natural frequency of the system is also more stable, so the material selection of the elastic body in the present invention is wider, the applicable frequency range is wider, the vibration damping performance of the product is more stable, and the safety is better;

(4) The pressure equalizing plate cooperates with the frequency modulation spring clamp to apply pre-tightening force to the elastic body in the vertical and horizontal directions of the rail at the same time, so that the buckle pressure in each direction is balanced and it is not easy to fall off;

(5) Compared with the prior art, the greatest technical advantage of the present invention is that by changing the elasticity of the FM spring clamp, the natural frequency of the system of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention can be changed, and there are many adjustment elasticity The method includes: 1) changing the number of frequency-modulating spring clamps used; 2) changing the material of the frequency-modulating spring clamps used; 3) changing the size of the frequency-modulating spring clamps used, and so on. The FM spring clamp itself can form different rigidities through changes in quantity, material or size. After cooperating with the pressure equalizing plate and the tuning mass damping device, the natural frequency of the tuning mass damping device can be changed, and then the entire combined rail of the present invention can be changed. The system natural frequency of the tuning vibration and noise reduction device can be adjusted before leaving the factory and on site, which brings great convenience to production and on-site fine adjustment. Especially in the field, the natural frequency of the system of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention can be adjusted on site according to the measured frequency of the rail, so that the natural frequency of the system is closer to or consistent with the vibration frequency to be controlled, thereby greatly improving the performance of tuning and vibration reduction ;

(6) Due to the addition of a pressure equalizing plate, the buckle pressure exerted by the FM spring clamp can be evenly converted into the pre-tightening force on the elastic body, and the elasticity of the elastic body in the tuning mass damping device basically changes linearly with the stiffness of the FM spring clamp , relatively regular and stable, making it possible to adjust the natural frequency of the system by using the stiffness change of the frequency-tuned spring clamp, and will not cause damage to the elastic body. In contrast, in the traditional technology, when the rigidity of the elastic clamp is large, after it is directly matched with the elastic body, the large crimping force will cause local subsidence, creep or cracking of the elastic body in the crimping contact area, which will affect the vibration damping effect and service life. In addition, there is a nonlinear change between the elasticity of the elastic body and the stiffness of the elastic clamp, which cannot accurately control the natural frequency of the system.

In practical applications, due to various reasons such as construction errors, line reconstruction, and vehicle replacement, the actual working conditions of the track line often deviate from the design working conditions. The combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention solves the problem that the natural frequency of the existing similar product system has been fixed when it comes out. Once the actual working condition does not match the design working condition, it cannot be adjusted according to the actual engineering situation, resulting in vibration reduction performance. A sharp drop in the puzzle. When the actual working condition does not match the design working condition, only need to replace the frequency-adjusting spring fixture with different elasticity, the system natural frequency of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention can be changed, so as to correspond to the actual working condition of the track line , It is not necessary to replace all the new combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction devices, effectively avoiding waste, the vibration and noise reduction effect is more guaranteed, and the economy and practicability are better. In summary, the method for adjusting the system natural frequency of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention includes: 1) changing the number of frequency-modulating spring clips used; 2) changing the material of the frequency-modulating spring clips used; 3) changing the used The size of the FM spring clamp, etc., through these operations, the elasticity of the FM spring clamp can be changed, and then the technical effect of adjusting the natural frequency of the system can be well realized. In engineering applications, an appropriate method can be selected according to actual needs. The method for adjusting the natural frequency of the system of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention described in this example can be applied to all embodiments of the present invention, and will be explained here together, and will not be repeated in the following embodiments, all in this within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.

It should be pointed out that, based on the technical principle of the present invention, the elastic body in the present invention can also be made of other elastic materials other than rubber, for example, elastic materials such as elastic polyurethane can also be used; in addition, the specific mass vibrator in the present invention The shape and material can be varied, it can be a cylinder, a cuboid, a sphere, and irregular shapes, and it can also be made of metal materials such as steel or non-metallic materials such as stone and reconcrete concrete. The shape and quantity can be selected and designed according to the needs of the project; in addition, the pressure equalizing plate in the present invention can also be made of various materials, such as steel, aluminum alloy, stainless steel and other metal materials, plastics, carbon fiber materials, glass fiber reinforced plastics, etc. , wood plastic and other non-metallic materials can be selected according to needs in practice. The above explanations are also applicable to other embodiments of the present invention, all of which can achieve similar technical effects, and are all within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

In summary, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention has simple structure, stable performance, wider applicable frequency range, long service life, good vibration and noise reduction effect, and very superior cost performance; the present invention adjusts the combined The method of tuning the system natural frequency of the rail vibration and noise reduction device is simple, easy to operate, and can be widely used to control the vibration and noise of the rail in the rail transit operation process, and its market application prospect is very broad.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 2, the difference between the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention and Embodiment 1 is that the elastic body includes two sub-elastic bodies, specifically the first sub-elastic body 6 and the second sub-elastic body 7, wherein the first sub-elastic body 6 is made of an elastic rubber material, the second sub-elastic body 7 is made of an elastic polyurethane material, and the second sub-elastic body 7 is arranged between the first sub-elastic body 6 and the mass vibrator 3, and the second sub-elastic body 7 is made of an elastic polyurethane material. A sub-elastic body 6 and a second sub-elastic body 7 jointly wrap the mass vibrator 3, and the material stiffness of the second sub-elastic body 7 is smaller than that of the first sub-elastic body 6; in addition, the pressure equalizing plate 4 is made of aluminum alloy material, And the pressure equalizing plate 4 and the first sub-elastic body 6 are pre-vulcanized and solidified into one; in addition, the frequency-modulating spring clamp 5 is made of spring steel sheets. The middle and both ends of the vibration device.

The technical solution described in this example has all the advantages of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here. The difference between the application and the first embodiment is that, for the convenience of assembly, the constrained damping structure can be pasted and fixed on both sides of the rail waist of the rail 1, and the rest of the steps are the same. Compared with Embodiment 1, in this example, the elastic body includes two sub-elastic bodies. By combining sub-elastic bodies of different materials and different stiffnesses, on the one hand, it is beneficial to optimize the overall damping performance of the elastic body, and a wider range can be achieved. For frequency control, for example, a very soft elastic material can be used to form the second sub-elastic body. Due to the protection of the first sub-elastic body and the constraints of the pressure equalizing plate, the second sub-elastic body will not be torn. The control of low-frequency vibration is well realized; on the other hand, the selection range of damping materials is increased, which is beneficial to reduce product costs. In addition, in this example, the pressure equalizing plate covers a larger area on the non-fitting side of the elastic body, and the pressure equalizing effect on the elastic body is better when it is matched with the FM spring clamp. The protective effect of the elastomer is better, and not only the installation is simpler, but also the daily storage and transportation are more convenient. Of course, depending on the specific materials of the pressure equalizing plate and the elastic body, the equalizing plate and the elastic body can be connected together not only by vulcanization, but also by bonding, heat melting, embedding and other methods. Simple changes based on the technical principle of this example are all within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

The method of adjusting the natural frequency of the system by using the frequency-modulating spring clamp of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention described in this example is the same as that in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here. In addition, based on the technical principles of this example and Example 1, the number of FM spring clamps can be selected according to needs, and it can be set to one, two, three, or even more, as long as a reliable clamping and fixing effect can be achieved. All can be applied in the present invention, and will be described here together.

Embodiment three

As shown in Figure 3, the difference between the combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention and the second embodiment is that the constrained damping structure adopts a "labyrinth" structural form. In this constrained damping structure, the connecting plate 21 and On the constraining plate 23, convex-concave structures are respectively arranged correspondingly at intervals, and the damping layer 22 is arranged in the zigzag chamber formed by the cooperation between the convex-concave structure on the connection plate and the convex-concave structure on the constraining plate; in addition, the elastic body 2 is made of elastic foaming polyurethane material , the pressure equalizing plate 4 and the elastic body 2 are bonded and fixed together; in addition, a plurality of mass vibrators are provided, specifically including a first mass vibrator 8 , a second mass vibrator 9 , a third mass vibrator 10 and a fourth mass vibrator 11 .

Compared with Example 2, in the technical solution described in this example, the constrained damping structure adopts a "labyrinth" structural form, and its shear damping layer realizes a larger effective working area for energy consumption, and energy consumption and vibration reduction when vibration occurs The ability is stronger, and the effect of vibration and noise reduction is also better. In addition, there are four mass vibrators, and different mass vibrators and elastic bodies constitute a mass tuning system that controls vibrations at different frequencies. It can simultaneously control four frequencies that contribute a large amount of vibration energy, and the effect of vibration reduction and energy consumption is better. Of course, based on the technical principle of this example, two, three, five or even more mass vibrators can also be provided. These are all simple changes based on the technical principle of the present invention, and are all within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Embodiment Four

As shown in Figure 4, the difference between the combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention and the second embodiment is that the constrained damping structure adopts a "labyrinth" structural form. In this constrained damping structure, the connecting plate 21 and The constraining plate 23 is provided with convex-concave structures correspondingly at intervals, and the damping layer 22 is disposed in the zigzag cavity formed by the cooperation of the concavo-concave structure on the connecting plate and the concavo-concave structure on the constraining plate; in addition, three mass vibrators are provided, specifically including the first mass vibrator 8 , the second mass vibrator 9 and the third mass vibrator 10; in addition, the elastic body includes three sub-elastic bodies, specifically the first sub-elastic body 6, the second sub-elastic body 7 and the third sub-elastic body 12, wherein, The first mass vibrator 8 is arranged in the second sub-anniform body 7, the second mass vibrator 9 is arranged in the third elastic body 12, the third mass vibrator 10, the second sub-elastic body 7 and the third sub-elastic body 12 are respectively It is arranged in the first sub-elastic body 6 . The first sub-elastic body 6, the second sub-elastic body 7 and the third sub-elastic body 12 are made of rubber materials with different rigidities respectively, wherein the second sub-elastic body 7 has the smallest stiffness, and the third sub-elastic body 12 the maximum stiffness.

Compared with Example 2, in the technical solution described in this example, the constrained damping structure adopts a "labyrinth" structural form, and its shear damping layer realizes a larger effective working area for energy consumption, and energy consumption and vibration reduction when vibration occurs The ability is stronger, and the effect of vibration and noise reduction is also better. In addition, since three sub-elastic bodies made of elastic materials with different stiffnesses and three mass vibrators are provided, each sub-elastic body and the mass vibrator respectively constitute a mass tuning system, which can correspondingly attenuate the vibration energy of the three main frequencies. In particular, Through the combination of different rigidities between sub-elastic bodies, the range of vibration frequencies that can be controlled is wider. For example, compared with the first sub-elastic body 6, the stiffness of the second sub-elastic body 7 is smaller, which can be used to control lower frequency vibration, the stiffness of the third sub-elastic body 12 is greater, it can be suitable for controlling higher frequency vibration, and its practicability is stronger.

Of course, based on the technical principles of this example and Example 2, the elastic material used in the third elastic body 12 can also be the same as that of the second sub-elastic body 7; in addition, two, four, five or even more For multiple mass vibrators, three, five, six or even more sub-elastic bodies are set accordingly, and the sub-elastic bodies can be partially made of elastic materials with the same stiffness or/and the same material, or can be completely made of different stiffnesses or / and the manufacture of elastic materials of different materials are all simple changes based on the technical principle of the present invention, and are also within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Embodiment five

As shown in Figure 5, the difference between the combined rail tuning vibration reduction and noise reduction device of the present invention and the fourth embodiment is that two mass vibrators are provided, specifically including a first mass vibrator 8 and a second mass vibrator 9; The elastic body includes two sub-elastic bodies, specifically the first sub-elastic body 6 and the second sub-elastic body 7, wherein the first mass vibrator 8 is arranged in the first sub-elastic body 6, and the second mass vibrator 9 is arranged in the second sub-elastic body. In the sub-elastic body 7, the first sub-elastic body 6 and the second sub-elastic body 7 are made of rubber materials with different rigidities, and the first sub-elastic body 6 and the second sub-elastic body 7 are vulcanized and fixed into one; in addition , the FM spring clamp adopts a split structure, which includes a crimping section 18 and an engaging section 19, and the crimping section 18 and the engaging section 19 are fixedly connected by a fastener 14 through a connecting through hole 13; in addition, the first sub-elastic body 6 and the second sub-elastic body 7 are pre-vulcanized and fixed together with the constraining plate 23 .

Compared with the fourth embodiment, in the technical solution described in this example, the constrained damping structure and the tuning mass damping device are integrated, which makes the installation easier and more convenient. In addition, the sub-elastic bodies are arranged side by side, instead of being nested with each other, and the processing operation is simpler. In addition, the split-type frequency-adjustable spring clamp can better adapt to the size change of the elastic body. For example, when the size of the elastic body in FIG. 5 increases, the engagement section 19 of a corresponding length can be replaced to cooperate with it, and there is no need to replace all the frequency-adjusting spring clamps, which is beneficial to saving material costs and avoiding waste.

Embodiment six

As shown in Figure 6, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention differs from Embodiment 3 in that the mass vibrator 3 adopts granular bulk material, and the granular bulk material is spatially arranged in the elastic body 2 , wherein the granular bulk material is specifically pebbles; in addition, it also includes a protective connecting plate 15, the protective connecting plate 15 is arranged on the bonding side of the elastic body 2, the protective connecting plate 15 and the elastic body 2 are integrated, and the elastic body 2 The protective connecting plate 15 cooperates with the surface of the rail 1; in addition, in order to ensure that the position between the elastic body 2 and the restraint plate 23 is relatively stable, the restraint plate 23 is provided with a limit bar 24 corresponding to the elastic body 2 along the longitudinal direction of the rail.

Compared with the third embodiment, the mass vibrator in the technical solution described in this example is easier to obtain, and the price is also cheaper, and it can also achieve a good vibration reduction effect. It should be pointed out that, generally speaking, in the present invention, granular bulk materials with relatively large weights need to be used as mass vibrators to meet the needs of mass tuning and vibration reduction, such as iron sand, gravel, pebbles, sand, heavy metal slag, etc. . In addition, due to the addition of the protective connecting plate 15, on the one hand, the elastic body can be better protected from external force damage; on the other hand, the material selection of the protective connecting plate is more extensive, and weldable materials, insulating materials, corrosion Materials with different properties such as materials can meet different engineering needs, which is conducive to further improving the applicability and service life of the product; thirdly, it can also cooperate with the pressure equalizing plate to enhance the constraint on the elastic body, improve the ability of shearing the elastic body to dissipate energy, and enhance The effect of vibration reduction and energy consumption; fourth, due to the additional limit strips on the restraint plate, the connection and positioning between the restraint damping structure and the tuning mass damping device are easier to realize, and the installation operation is simpler.

Embodiment seven

As shown in Figure 7, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention differs from Embodiment 6 in that the protective connecting plate 15 is provided with a convex-concave structure, and the convex-concave structure is specifically the protective connecting plate 15 A plurality of corrugated strips 16 arranged on the side that cooperates with the elastic body 2; in addition, the frequency-modulating spring clamp 5 and the pressure equalizing plate 4 are also provided with corresponding convex-concave structures for limiting each other, and the convex-concave structures are specifically set on the spring clamp 5. Positioning pins 17 and corresponding positioning holes on the pressure equalizing plate 4; in addition, another set of mass tuning composed of the second elastic body 7, the second mass vibrator 9 and the second pressure equalizing plate 20 is also provided at the rail bottom of the rail 1. system, wherein the second elastic body 7 is made of elastic polyurethane material, and the second pressure equalizing plate 20 made of aluminum alloy is bonded and fixedly connected with the second elastic body 7; fourthly, the constrained damping structure can be only partly Cover the surface of the rail waist, as shown in Figure 7, to avoid the space under the rail head to meet the space requirements for tamping operations, daily maintenance or other operations.

Compared with the sixth embodiment, in the technical solution described in this example, since the mass tuning system is also added at the bottom of the rail, the effect of vibration reduction and energy consumption is more significant. In addition, since the convex-concave structure is added on the protective connecting plate 15 to cooperate with the elastic body 2, the contact area between the two is larger, and the energy dissipation effect of shearing the elastic body during operation is more obvious, which is conducive to further improving the energy dissipation and vibration reduction capability. In addition, the frequency modulation spring clamp 5 and the pressure equalizing plate 4 are correspondingly provided with convex and concave structures for mutual limit, which can effectively prevent the frequency modulation spring clamp from slipping or shifting from the pressure equalizing plate during use, which is safer and more reliable. Of course, based on this example Technical principle, the specific form of the convex-concave structure can be varied, in addition to the mentioned hole pin cooperation, it can also be other limit structure forms such as protrusion and groove cooperation, and it can also be set on the pressure equalizing plate Locating pins, correspondingly setting locating holes on the FM spring clamp 5, can also achieve the same technical effect, all are simple changes based on the technical principles of the present invention, and are all within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Embodiment Eight

As shown in Figure 8, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention differs from Embodiment 7 in that the protective connecting plate 15 and the restraining plate 23 are integrally arranged, and it is made of rubber material elastically. The body 2 is vulcanized and fixed into one body in advance.

Compared with the seventh embodiment, the technical solution described in this example involves fewer components, and the constrained damping structure and the tuning mass damping device are integrated, making installation easier and more convenient.

Embodiment nine

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention is different from the technical solution shown in Figure 3 in that the inner surface of the pressure equalizing plate 4 is provided with convex and concave for increasing the bending rigidity structure, the convex-concave structure is specifically a plurality of ribs 25 arranged longitudinally along the rail, the elastic body 2 is made of elastic rubber material, and the pressure equalizing plate 4 is vulcanized and connected with the elastic body 2 into one; in addition, as shown in Figure 10, In this example, each elastic body 2 is correspondingly provided with two equalizing plates 4, and the two equalizing plates 4 are arranged side by side at intervals on the non-fitting side of the elastic body, and each equalizing plate 4 is correspondingly provided with two frequency-modulating spring clamps 5, thereby Press and fix the pressure equalizing plate 4 together with the elastic body 2 on the surface of the steel rail 1 .

Compared with the technical solution shown in Figure 3, in the technical solution described in this example, since the corrugation 25 is provided on the pressure equalizing plate, the bending rigidity of the plate body is significantly improved, and the buckle force exerted by the frequency-modulated spring clamp can pass through the pressure equalizing plate. It acts more evenly on the corresponding matching surface of the entire elastic body 2, and the pressure equalization effect is better; in addition, in this example, two pressure equalizing plates are provided, and the two pressure equalizing plates cooperate with the frequency-adjusting spring clamps respectively to press and fix the elastic body on the rail On the surface, the two pressure equalizing plates can use frequency-tuned spring clamps with different stiffnesses, thereby increasing the adjustable range of the natural frequency of the system of the combined rail tuning vibration and noise reduction device of the present invention.

Based on the technical principles of this example, the convex-concave structures on the pressure equalizing plate can be arranged in various ways, for example, it can be long convex grooves arranged continuously along the longitudinal direction of the rail, or short convex grooves arranged parallel and staggered along the longitudinal direction of the rail , it can also be a convex corrugation arranged obliquely from top to bottom, or a sinusoidal continuous arrangement, etc., as long as it can effectively improve the bending stiffness of the pressure equalizing plate, it can be applied to the present invention. Preferably, the convex-concave structure Vertically arranged along the rail; in addition, in addition to setting one or two pressure equalizing plates as described in the foregoing embodiments, according to the different lengths of the tuning mass damping device in the present invention, the pressure equalizing plates can also be arranged as three, four or even More blocks, but in order to ensure the reliability of clamping and fixing and the stability of pressure equalization, generally speaking, the width of the pressure equalization plate is at least twice the width of the frequency modulation spring clamp. These technical descriptions and technical solutions are based on the present invention Simple changes in technical principles are also applicable to other embodiments of the present invention, which are described here only in words, without additional drawings, and are all within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

The embodiments of the present invention are mainly for the convenience of understanding the technical principles of the present invention, and are not limited to the content recorded in the above embodiments. The technical content recorded in the above embodiments can also be used in cross-use. The technical solutions described in the above embodiments can be recombined or simply replaced by similar technologies, as long as it is based on the technical principle of the present invention, it is within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of Combined steel rail tunes vibration and noise reducing device, including constrained damping structure and tuning quality vibration absorber, described Constrained damping structure includes restraining plate, damping layer and connecting plate；The tuning quality vibration absorber includes made of elastic material Elastomer, the interior at least one quality oscillator of setting of elastomer, fitting side and restraining plate or/and the inoperative table of rail of elastomer Face coordinates, and the shape that elastomer is bonded side is corresponding with the shape of restraining plate or/and rail inactive face, which is characterized in that The tuning quality vibration absorber further includes equal pressing plate and frequency modulation spring perch, and the non-fitting side local setting of elastomer is pressed Plate, the rigidity of the equal pressing plate are more than the rigidity of elastomer, the flange of rail of the local rail of frequency modulation spring perch cladding, when work Frequency modulation spring perch is withheld on equal pressing plate, and frequency modulation spring perch coordinates with equal pressing plate thus by equal pressing plate together with elastomer It is pressed abd fixed on Rail Surface, equal pressing plate coordinates pre- in the vertical and lateral application simultaneously of rail to elastomer with frequency modulation spring perch Clamp force.

2. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that equal pressing plate and elastomer Setting is integral.

3. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that elastomer includes at least Two sub- elastomers made of different-stiffness elastic material.

4. Combined steel rail according to claim 3 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that in elastic body respectively Quality oscillator is set.

5. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that quality oscillator is particle Shape bulk cargo, the graininess bulk cargo space layout is in elastomer.

6. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that frequency modulation spring perch is adopted Use split structure.

7. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that the Combined steel rail Tuning vibration and noise reducing device further includes protection connecting plate, and the protection connecting plate is arranged in the fitting side of elastomer, protection connection Plate and elastomer setting are integral, and elastomer is by protecting the inactive face of connecting plate and rail to coordinate.

8. Combined steel rail according to claim 7 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that protection connecting plate and bullet Property body contact side be arranged convex-concave structure.

9. Combined steel rail according to claim 7 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that protection connecting plate with about Beam plate integrated setting.

10. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that equal pressing plate is at least set One piece is set, the width of equal pressing plate is at least two times of frequency modulation spring perch width.

11. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that be arranged on equal pressing plate Convex-concave structure for increasing bending stiffness.

12. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that frequency modulation spring perch With the convex-concave structure for limiting each other is correspondingly arranged on equal pressing plate.

13. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that the damping-constraining In structure, respectively correspondingly the convex-concave on connecting plate is arranged in interval setting convex-concave structure, damping layer on connecting plate and restraining plate In the tortuous chamber that structure is cooperatively formed with the convex-concave structure on restraining plate.

14. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that corresponding on restraining plate Positive stop strip is arranged in elastomer.

15. the system of Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device described in any claim in a kind of adjustment claim 1-14 The method of intrinsic frequency, which is characterized in that by changing the quantity of used frequency modulation spring perch or changing used frequency modulation bullet The mode of the size of spring fixture or the material of the used frequency modulation spring perch of change realizes the purpose of adjustment system frequency.