CN108774926A - The method that Combined steel rail tunes vibration and noise reducing device and adjusts its system frequency - Google Patents
The method that Combined steel rail tunes vibration and noise reducing device and adjusts its system frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN108774926A CN108774926A CN201810916267.3A CN201810916267A CN108774926A CN 108774926 A CN108774926 A CN 108774926A CN 201810916267 A CN201810916267 A CN 201810916267A CN 108774926 A CN108774926 A CN 108774926A
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- elastomer
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- reducing device
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/62—Rail fastenings incorporating resilient supports
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Abstract
The present invention relates to methods Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device and adjust its system frequency, belong to vibration and the field of noise control of rail traffic.The present invention includes constrained damping structure and tuning quality vibration absorber, and the constrained damping structure includes restraining plate, damping layer and connecting plate；The tuning quality vibration absorber includes elastomer made of elastic material, at least one quality oscillator of setting in elastomer, the tuning quality vibration absorber further includes equal pressing plate and frequency modulation spring perch, the equal pressing plate of non-fitting side local setting of elastomer, the rigidity of the equal pressing plate is more than the rigidity of elastomer, the flange of rail of the local rail of frequency modulation spring perch cladding.The present invention prevents from elastomer from directly exposing being exposed on the external in environment, influence of the external environment to elastomer macromolecule material physical property can be mitigated, it avoids elastomer from being scratched by exterior object to damage, advantageously ensures that the vibration and noise reducing performance of tuning quality vibration absorber, extend product service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the vibrations of rail traffic and field of noise control more particularly to one kind being set to rail inoperative table
Face, the vibration absorber that the vibration generated and noise are forced to for mitigating rail in rail vehicle operational process.
Background technology
In recent years, China's rail traffic develops rapidly, while providing quick, safe trip mode to people,
The vibration of generation and noise problem have also seriously affected the quality of life of nearby residents, jeopardize neighboring buildings safety, and make rail
Stability, safety and the service life in road itself are also affected.
Research shows that in the railroad noise formed when train operation, wheel-rail noise accounts for very high proportion, and wherein rail shakes
The medium, high frequency noise of dynamic radiation is especially apparent the contribution of final noise total amount, therefore, carries out the vibration and noise abatement of rail
It is of great significance to urban track traffic vibration and noise reducing.The vibration of rail and noise, engineering staff have developed a variety of in order to control
The vibration and noise reducing product of type, wherein tuning damper is relatively conventional, utilizes quality --- and the tuner that spring is constituted exists
Generating reaction force work done when rail vibration and consuming energy makes the vibration of rail reduce, such as number of patent application 200480019707.1
Disclosed in tuned absorbers for rails, certain effect of vibration and noise reduction may be implemented in such product.But found in engineer application,
It is then interior in elastic element since elastic element generally is made using rubber elastomeric material in existing such technical solution
Mass block is set, and rail traffic Regional Distribution is wide, external environmental condition is multifarious, and long-term directly expose is exposed on the external in environment
After, the physical property of rubber elastomeric material is vulnerable to the influence of external environment, is also easy to be scratched by exterior object and damage, into
And harmful effect is caused to the vibration and noise reducing performance and used life of tuning damper.It is limited by structure and material, such track
It is smaller with the applicable frequency range of tuning damper, for example, being controlled for low frequency, need elastomer that there is very high elasticity, material
Material is softer, is easy creep or is torn；High frequency is controlled, elastomer is needed to have larger elasticity modulus and hardness, is easy
It contacts uneven, needs larger buckle press.The fixing piece of existing product directly acts on elastomer, big buckle press in the market
It can cause to withhold locally sagging contact zone elastomer, creep or cracking, influence effectiveness in vibration suppression and service life.Further more, such steel
The following deficiency of rail tuning damper also generally existing：(1) intrinsic frequency of tuning damper is fixed, can not be according to engineering reality
Border situation is adjusted；(2) once material cracks, inside can form crack, the rigidity of elastic element and the work of tuning damper
Working frequency just changes；(3) once cracking, TMD mass blocks can fall off elastic material, and security risk is brought to train operation；
(4) utilize spring perch after sandwich, all directions withhold that dynamic balance is understable, and TMD is easy to rout up falls off.
It in summary it can be seen, that there are effect of vibration and noise reduction is limited for existing tuning damper, and performance is unstable, is applicable in frequency domain
It is narrow, the defects of service life is short, and safety is insufficient.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve the above problems, provide that a kind of effect of vibration and noise reduction is good, weatherability is strong, performance is steady
Determine, be applicable in wide, safe to use, long lifespan the Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of frequency domain.
Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention is achieved in that including constrained damping structure and tuning matter
Vibration absorber is measured, the constrained damping structure includes restraining plate, damping layer and connecting plate；The tuning quality vibration absorber includes
Elastomer made of elastic material, at least one quality oscillator of setting in elastomer, the fitting side of elastomer and restraining plate or/and
The inactive face of rail coordinates, and the shape that elastomer is bonded side is opposite with the shape of restraining plate or/and rail inactive face
It answers, it is characterised in that the tuning quality vibration absorber further includes equal pressing plate and frequency modulation spring perch, the non-fitting side of elastomer
The equal pressing plate of local setting, the rigidity of the equal pressing plate are more than the rigidity of elastomer, the local rail of frequency modulation spring perch cladding
The flange of rail, frequency modulation spring perch is withheld on equal pressing plate when work, and frequency modulation spring perch and the cooperation of equal pressing plate are to by equal pressing plate
Be pressed abd fixed on Rail Surface together with elastomer, equal pressing plate and frequency modulation spring perch coordinate to elastomer rail it is vertical and
Laterally apply pretightning force simultaneously.
Wherein it is possible to equal pressing plate and elastomer are arranged integrally, to facilitate installation and enhancing to make the protection of elastomer
With.
In addition, for optimal damping performance or convenient for controlling the vibrations of multiple frequencies simultaneously, the elastomer can be with
Including at least two sub- elastomers made of different-stiffness elastic material.Quality oscillator is arranged in two sub- elastomers, or
Quality oscillator is respectively set in each elastic body.
The concrete shape of quality oscillator can be varied in the present invention, can be that cylinder, cuboid, sphere etc. are each
Kind shape, including various irregular shapes；In addition, quality oscillator can also be graininess bulk cargo, graininess bulk cargo space
It is arranged in elastomer.It is generally desirable to select with greater weight graininess bulk cargo, to meet mass tuning vibration damping
Demand, such as iron sand, rubble, sand grains, heavy metal slag etc..The structure of frequency modulation spring perch can also be a variety of more in the present invention
Sample, other than the materials such as spring steel plate or spring steel wire can be utilized to be integrated into, frequency modulation spring perch, which can also use, to be divided
Body formula structure.
In addition, can also include protection connecting plate, the protection in Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention
Connecting plate is arranged in the fitting side of elastomer, and protection connecting plate and elastomer setting are integral, and elastomer is by protecting connecting plate
Coordinate with the inactive face of rail.As a kind of special case, the protection connecting plate can also be with restraining plate integrated setting.For
Increase contact area improves damping, convex-concave structure can also be arranged in the side of protection connecting plate and elastomer contact.
In order to avoid frequency modulation spring perch is slipped or shifted from equal pressing plate during use, frequency modulation spring perch and press
The convex-concave structure for limiting each other can also be correspondingly arranged on plate.In addition, in order to ensure the phase between elastomer and restraining plate
Elastomer setting positive stop strip can also be corresponded to stabilization, on restraining plate.
The equal pressing plate is at least arranged one piece, and the width of equal pressing plate is at least two times of frequency modulation spring perch width, so as to
In installation and improve the reliability installed.In addition, may be provided for increasing the convex-concave structure of bending stiffness, institute on pressing plate
The concrete form for stating convex-concave structure can be varied, for example, it can be longitudinal in equal clamp surface horizontal continuity along rail
The convex stupefied or wavy setting being arranged it is convex stupefied etc..
What second object of the present invention was to provide a kind of adjustment aforementioned combinatorial formula rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device is
The method for intrinsic frequency of uniting, by changing the quantity of used frequency modulation spring perch or changing used frequency modulation spring perch
Size or change the mode of material of used frequency modulation spring perch and realize the purpose for adjusting system frequency.
The concrete form for the constrained damping structure being arranged in Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention can be more
Kind is various, can be the connecting plate of slab construction and " sandwich style " structure that restraining plate clamping damping layer is constituted；It can also
Using the constrained damping structure of " labyrinth type ", in the constrained damping structure, respectively correspondingly interval is set on connecting plate and restraining plate
Convex-concave structure is set, the tortuous chamber that convex-concave structure is formed with convex-concave respective outer side edges on restraining plate is arranged on connecting plate in damping layer
It is interior.
Combined steel rail of the present invention tuning vibration and noise reducing device by being arranged constrained damping structure and tuning quality subtracts simultaneously
Vibrating device can effectively inhibit the vibration for contributing rail vibration energy big specific frequency using tuning quality vibration absorber,
Vibration and the noise level for significantly reducing rail, the noise radiation of Rail Surface can be effectively obstructed using constrained damping structure,
To realize significant effect of vibration and noise reduction during operation.
Compared with prior art, Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention passes through in tuning quality vibration absorber
The equal pressing plate of non-fitting side local setting of elastomer, may be implemented following advantageous effects：
(1) elastomer and mass block formation are effectively protected using equal pressing plate, prevent elastomer from directly exposing and is exposed on the external
In environment, influence of the external environment to elastomer macromolecule material physical property can be mitigated, avoid elastomer by exterior object
Damage is scratched, advantageously ensures that the vibration and noise reducing performance of tuning quality vibration absorber, extends product service life；
(2) after withholding clamping using frequency modulation spring perch, other than mass tuning vibration damping, when quality oscillator and equal pressing plate are big
When 1/2 wavelength of a modal frequency, quality oscillator and equal pressing plate can generate effect of contraction, phase between the two to elastomer
Damping material between the two can be sheared to deformation, realize additional shear-deformable energy consumption, therefore effectiveness in vibration suppression is more notable；
(3) after utilizing the installation of frequency modulation spring perch fixed, frequency modulation spring perch withholds equal pressing plate and provides one for elastomer
Uniform precompression, on the one hand, the pressure that can reduce contact zone effectively prevent elastomeric material local creep or cracking,
Damping capacity is more stablized, and system frequency is also more stablized, therefore the selection of elastomer of the present invention is broader, is applicable in frequency
Rate range bigger, product damping property are more stablized, and safety is more preferably；
(4) not easily to fall off respectively to withholding dynamic balance；
(5) compared with prior art, the present invention it is maximum it is a technical advantage that, pass through change frequency modulation spring perch bullet
Property, so that it may to realize that the system frequency for changing Combined steel rail of the present invention and tuning vibration and noise reducing device, adjustment elasticity have very
Multi-method：Including：1) change the number of used frequency modulation spring clip；2) change the material of used frequency modulation spring clip；3) change
The size, etc. of used frequency modulation spring perch.Frequency modulation spring perch itself being capable of shape by the variation of quantity, material or size
After different rigidity, with equal pressing plate, the cooperation of tuning quality vibration absorber, so that it may to change the intrinsic of tuning quality vibration absorber
Frequency, and then change the system frequency of entire Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention, and before manufacture
It can be adjusted with scene, great convenience is brought to production and live accurate adjustment.Especially at the scene, frequency can be surveyed according to rail
Rate, the system frequency that vibration and noise reducing device is tuned to Combined steel rail of the present invention carry out live adjustment, make the intrinsic frequency of system
Rate and vibration frequency to be controlled are more nearly or unanimously, to greatly promote tuning damping property；
(6) due to being additionally arranged equal pressing plate, the buckle press that frequency modulation spring perch applies can be equably converted into elastomer
Pretightning force, tuning quality vibration absorber elastomer elasticity linearly become with the variation of frequency modulation spring perch rigidity substantially
Change, compare rule and stabilization, makes it possible to adjust system frequency using the stiffness variation of frequency modulation spring perch, and not
Elastomer can be damaged.In contrast in traditional technology, when spring chuck rigidity is larger, directly coordinate with elastomer
Afterwards, big buckle press can cause to withhold locally sagging contact zone elastomer, creep or cracking, influence effectiveness in vibration suppression and use the longevity
Life can not carry out system frequency in addition, being in nonlinear variation between the elasticity of elastomer and the rigidity of spring chuck
Accurate regulation and control.
In conclusion the structure of Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention is simple, performance is stablized, and frequency domain is applicable in
Range is wider, and service life is long, and effect of vibration and noise reduction is good, and cost performance is very superior；The present invention adjusts Combined steel rail tuning and subtracts
Shake denoising device system frequency method, it is simple and practicable, it is easy to operate, can be widely applied to control rail traffic fortune
The vibration of rail and noise, market application prospect are very wide during battalion.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagram that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 2 is the second structural representation that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 3 is the third structural representation that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 4 is the four of the structural schematic diagram that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 5 is the five of the structural schematic diagram that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 6 is the six of the structural schematic diagram that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 7 is the seven of the structural schematic diagram that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 8 is the eight of the structural schematic diagram that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Fig. 9 is the nine of the structural schematic diagram that Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device.
Figure 10 is the right view of Fig. 9.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, including constrained damping structure and tuning quality
Vibration absorber, the constrained damping structure include restraining plate 23, damping layer 22 and connecting plate 21；The tuning quality vibration absorber
Including elastomer 2 made of elastic material, a quality oscillator 3, the fitting side of elastomer 2 and restraining plate are set in elastomer 2
23 and rail 1 wing plate at inactive face cooperation, elastomer 2 is bonded shape and the restraining plate and rail inactive face of side
Shape is corresponding, in addition, further include equal pressing plate 4 and frequency modulation spring perch 5, the equal pressing plate 4 of non-fitting side local setting of elastomer,
The rigidity of the equal pressing plate 4 is more than the same length of the rigidity of elastomer 2, equal pressing plate 4 and elastomer 2 along rail longitudinal direction,
The frequency modulation spring perch 5 coats the flange of rail of local rail 1, and frequency modulation spring perch 5 is withheld on equal pressing plate 4 when work, frequency modulation
Spring perch 5 coordinates with equal pressing plate 4 to which equal pressing plate 4 is pressed abd fixed on 1 surface of rail together with elastomer 2, and
Pressing plate 4 and frequency modulation spring perch 5 coordinate vertical and transverse direction applies pretightning force simultaneously in rail to elastomer 2.Wherein, elastomer 2
It is specifically made of elastic rubber material, quality oscillator 3 is made of cast iron materials, and equal pressing plate 4 is made of carbon fibre material, frequency modulation bullet
Spring fixture 5 is made of spring steel wire, and frequency modulation spring perch 5 is arranged two altogether in this example, is correspondingly arranged at tuning quality respectively and subtracts
The both side ends of vibrating device.Constrained damping structure is specially that 22 structure of damping layer is clamped in the connecting plate 21 of slab construction and restraining plate 23
At " sandwich style " structure.
In application, the constrained damping structure that connecting plate 21, damping layer 22 and restraining plate 23 are constituted is fitted in the web of the rail respectively
Place, is then placed in constrained damping structure both sides, then equal pressing plate 4 is placed on respectively by elastomer 2 together with quality oscillator 3
The corresponding non-fitting side of elastomer 2 finally utilizes frequency modulation spring perch 5 by equal pressing plate 4 together with elastomer 2 and constrained damping structure
It is pressed abd fixed on 1 surface of rail together.
Combined steel rail of the present invention tuning vibration and noise reducing device by being arranged constrained damping structure and tuning quality subtracts simultaneously
Vibrating device can effectively inhibit the vibration for contributing rail vibration energy big specific frequency using tuning quality vibration absorber,
Vibration and the noise level for significantly reducing rail, the noise radiation of Rail Surface can be effectively obstructed using constrained damping structure,
To realize significant effect of vibration and noise reduction during operation.Combined steel rail of the present invention tuning vibration and noise reducing device by
The equal pressing plate of non-fitting side local setting of elastomer, may be implemented following advantageous effects：
(1) elastomer and mass block formation are effectively protected using equal pressing plate, prevent elastomer from directly exposing and is exposed on the external
In environment, influence of the external environment to elastomer macromolecule material physical property can be mitigated, avoid elastomer by exterior object
Damage is scratched, advantageously ensures that the vibration and noise reducing performance of tuning quality vibration absorber, extends product service life；
(2) after withholding clamping using frequency modulation spring perch, other than mass tuning vibration damping, when quality oscillator and equal pressing plate are big
When 1/2 wavelength of a modal frequency, quality oscillator and equal pressing plate can generate effect of contraction, phase between the two to elastomer
Damping material between the two can be sheared to deformation, realize additional shear-deformable energy consumption, therefore effectiveness in vibration suppression is more notable；
(3) after utilizing the installation of frequency modulation spring perch fixed, frequency modulation spring perch withholds equal pressing plate and provides one for elastomer
Uniform precompression can reduce the pressure of contact zone, effectively prevent elastomeric material local creep or cracking, damping capacity
More stablize, system frequency is also more stablized, therefore the selection of elastomer of the present invention is broader, is applicable in frequency range more
Greatly, product damping property is more stablized, and safety is more preferably；
(4) pressing plate and frequency modulation spring perch coordinate it is vertical and transverse direction applies pretightning force simultaneously in rail to elastomer, respectively
It is not easily to fall off to withholding dynamic balance；
(5) compared with prior art, the present invention it is maximum it is a technical advantage that, pass through change frequency modulation spring perch bullet
Property, so that it may to realize that the system frequency for changing Combined steel rail of the present invention and tuning vibration and noise reducing device, adjustment elasticity have very
Multi-method：Including：1) change the number of used frequency modulation spring clip；2) change the material of used frequency modulation spring clip；3) change
The size, etc. of used frequency modulation spring perch.Frequency modulation spring perch itself being capable of shape by the variation of quantity, material or size
After different rigidity, with equal pressing plate, the cooperation of tuning quality vibration absorber, so that it may to change the intrinsic of tuning quality vibration absorber
Frequency, and then change the system frequency of entire Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention, and before manufacture
It can be adjusted with scene, great convenience is brought to production and live accurate adjustment.Especially at the scene, frequency can be surveyed according to rail
Rate, the system frequency that vibration and noise reducing device is tuned to Combined steel rail of the present invention carry out live adjustment, make the intrinsic frequency of system
Rate and vibration frequency to be controlled are more nearly or unanimously, to greatly promote tuning damping property；
(6) due to being additionally arranged equal pressing plate, the buckle press that frequency modulation spring perch applies can be equably converted into elastomer
Pretightning force, tuning quality vibration absorber elastomer elasticity linearly become with the variation of frequency modulation spring perch rigidity substantially
Change, compare rule and stabilization, makes it possible to adjust system frequency using the stiffness variation of frequency modulation spring perch, and not
Elastomer can be damaged.In contrast in traditional technology, when spring chuck rigidity is larger, directly coordinate with elastomer
Afterwards, big buckle press can cause to withhold locally sagging contact zone elastomer, creep or cracking, influence effectiveness in vibration suppression and use the longevity
Life can not carry out system frequency in addition, being in nonlinear variation between the elasticity of elastomer and the rigidity of spring chuck
Accurate regulation and control.
In practical applications, due to the presence of many reasons such as construction error, track remodelling, vehicle conversion, track circuit
Actual condition often and design conditions occur deviation.Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention solves existing
Similar product system frequency has been fixed when appearing on the scene, once there is the case where actual condition is not inconsistent with design conditions, it can not
It is adjusted according to engineering practice, the problem for causing damping property to decline to a great extent.When actual condition and design conditions are not inconsistent
When, it is only necessary to replace the frequency modulation spring perch of different elasticity, so that it may to change Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing dress of the present invention
The system frequency set realizes, the Combined steel rail that need not all more renew corresponding with the actual condition of track circuit
Vibration and noise reducing device is tuned, effectively prevents wasting, effect of vibration and noise reduction is more secure, and economy and practicability are more preferably.It is comprehensive
On, the method for adjusting the system frequency of Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention includes：1) change and used
The quantity of frequency modulation spring clip；2) change the material of used frequency modulation spring clip；3) change the size of used frequency modulation spring perch,
Etc., the elasticity for changing frequency modulation spring perch can be realized by these operations, and then realize that adjustment system is intrinsic well
The technique effect of frequency can select suitable method in engineer application according to actual needs.The present invention is adjusted described in this example
The method of the system frequency of Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device can be adapted for all embodiments of the present invention,
This is described together, is not repeated in Examples hereinafter, all the present invention claims protection domain among.
It should be pointed out that be based on technical principle of the present invention, the present invention in elastomer can also use rubber with
Other outer elastic materials are made, such as can also use elastic polyurethane elastomeric material；In addition, quality oscillator in the present invention
Concrete shape and material can be varied, can be the various shapes such as cylinder, cuboid, sphere and non-regular shape
Shape can also use the metal materials such as steel or stone material, coagulate the nonmetallic materials such as mixed soil again and be made, the shape and number of quality oscillator
Amount, can be chosen and be designed according to requirement of engineering；In addition, the equal pressing plate materials in the present invention can also be varied,
Steel, aluminium alloy, stainless steel and other metal materials may be used, plastics, carbon fibre material, fiberglass, wood moulding etc. can also be used
Nonmetallic materials can select as needed in practice.It is described above to be equally applicable to the other embodiment of the present invention, Dou Nengshi
Existing similar technique effect, all the present invention claims protection domain among.
In conclusion the structure of Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention is simple, performance is stablized, and frequency domain is applicable in
Range is wider, and service life is long, and effect of vibration and noise reduction is good, and cost performance is very superior；The present invention adjusts Combined steel rail tuning and subtracts
Shake denoising device system frequency method, it is simple and practicable, it is easy to operate, can be widely applied to control rail traffic fortune
The vibration of rail and noise, market application prospect are very wide during battalion.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, difference lies in described with embodiment one
Elastomer includes two sub- elastomers, the specially first elastic body 6 and the second elastic body 7, wherein the first elastic body 6
It is made of elastic rubber material, the second elastic body 7 is made of elastane, and the second elastic body 7 is arranged first
Between elastic body 6 and quality oscillator 3, the first elastic body 6 and the second elastic body 7 are wrapped in quality oscillator 3 jointly, and second
The material stiffness of elastic body 7 is less than the rigidity of the first elastic body 6；In addition, pressing plate 4 is made of aluminum alloy materials, and
Equal pressing plate 4 is solidly fixed with 6 prevulcanization of the first elastic body；In addition, frequency modulation spring perch 5 is made of spring steel plate,
Frequency modulation spring perch 5 is arranged three altogether in this example, is correspondingly arranged at centre and the both side ends of tuning quality vibration absorber respectively.
Technical solution described in this example has all advantages of embodiment one, is not repeated herein.Using when with embodiment one
Difference lies in, it is assembled for convenience, constrained damping structure can be pasted and fixed on to the both sides of 1 web of the rail of rail, remaining
Step is identical.Compared with embodiment one, in this example, elastomer includes two sub- elastomers, passes through different materials and different-stiffness
Bullet elastomeric compositions, on the one hand, be conducive to optimize elastomer integral damping performance, the frequency control of wider range may be implemented
System, for example, very soft elastic material, which may be used, constitutes the second elastic body, due to having the protection of the first elastic body and pressing
The problem of constraint of plate, the second elastic body will not be torn, the control to low-frequency vibration can be well realized；Separately
On the one hand, the selection range for increasing damping material, advantageously reduces product cost.In addition, in this example, equal pressing plate covering elasticity
The area bigger of the non-fitting side of body, more preferable to the voltage equalizing of elastomer when coordinating with frequency modulation spring perch, especially equal pressing plate
Integral with elastomer setting, equal pressing plate is more preferable to the protecting effect of elastomer, moreover, not only install it is simpler, it is daily
The links such as storage and transport are also more convenient.Certainly, different with the specific material of elastomer according to equal pressing plate, equal pressing plate and elasticity
Body can also utilize that bonding, heat be melted, the other modes such as buckle are linked to be one other than it can be solidly fixed in the way of vulcanization
Body, these are all based on the simple change of this example technical principle, all the present invention claims protection domain among.
Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device of the present invention described in this example is intrinsic using frequency modulation spring perch adjustment system
The method of frequency is identical as embodiment one, is not repeated herein.In addition, the technical principle based on this example and embodiment one, frequency modulation
The quantity of spring perch can be selected as needed, can be arranged one, two, three, it is even more, as long as energy
Realization reliably grips effect, may be suitable in the present invention, is described in this together.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 3, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, difference lies in described with embodiment two
Constrained damping structure using " labyrinth type " structure type, in the constrained damping structure, on connecting plate 21 and restraining plate 23 respectively
Accordingly convex-concave structure and convex-concave respective outer side edges shape on restraining plate is arranged on connecting plate in interval setting convex-concave structure, damping layer 22
At tortuous chamber in；In addition, the elastomer 2 is made of flexible foaming polyurethane material, equal pressing plate 4 is Nian Jie with elastomer 2
It is solidly fixed；In addition, the setting of quality oscillator is multiple, the first mass oscillator 8, the second mass oscillator 9, third quality are specifically included
Oscillator 10 and the 4th mass oscillator 11.
Compared with embodiment two, in technical solution described in this example, constrained damping structure uses the structure shape of " labyrinth type "
Formula, shearing damp layer realize effective work area bigger of energy consumption, and passive energy dissipation ability is stronger when vibration occurs, vibration and noise reducing
Effect it is also more preferable.In addition, quality oscillator is provided with four, different quality oscillator constitutes control different frequency vibration with elastomer
Mass tuning system, can correspond to simultaneously control four vibrational energies contribute big frequency, oscillation damping and energy dissipating effect more preferable.When
So, the technical principle based on this example, quality oscillator can also be arranged two, three, five it is even more, these are all based on this
The simple change of inventive technique principle, all the present invention claims protection domain among.
Example IV
As shown in figure 4, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, difference lies in described with embodiment two
Constrained damping structure using " labyrinth type " structure type, in the constrained damping structure, on connecting plate 21 and restraining plate 23 respectively
Accordingly convex-concave structure and convex-concave respective outer side edges shape on restraining plate is arranged on connecting plate in interval setting convex-concave structure, damping layer 22
At tortuous chamber in；In addition, quality oscillator is arranged three, the first mass oscillator 8, the second mass oscillator 9 and the are specifically included
Three mass oscillators 10；In addition, the elastomer includes three sub- elastomers, the specially first elastic body 6, the second elastic body
7 and the elastic body of third 12, wherein in the cloudy Buddhist nun's body of the second son 7, the setting of the second mass oscillator 9 exists the setting of the first mass oscillator 8
In third elastomer 12, third quality oscillator 10, the second elastic body 7 and the elastic body of third 12 are separately positioned on the first bullet
In property body 6.The rubber of different-stiffness is respectively adopted in the first elastic body 6, the second elastic body 7 and the elastic body of third 12
Material is made, wherein the rigidity of the second elastic body 7 is minimum, and the rigidity of the elastic body of third 12 is maximum.
Compared with embodiment two, in technical solution described in this example, constrained damping structure uses the structure shape of " labyrinth type "
Formula, shearing damp layer realize effective work area bigger of energy consumption, and passive energy dissipation ability is stronger when vibration occurs, vibration and noise reducing
Effect it is also more preferable.Further, since provided with elastic body and three quality oscillators made of three different-stiffness elastic materials,
Each elastic body respectively constitutes mass tuning system with quality oscillator, can correspond to the vibrational energy of three main frequencies of decaying,
In particular, by the combination of different-stiffness between elastic body, the vibration frequency range that can be controlled is more extensive, for example, phase
Than in the first elastic body 6, the rigidity smaller of the second elastic body 7 can be adapted for the more low-frequency vibration of control, third
Elastic body 12 it is more rigid, can be adapted for the vibration for controlling higher frequency, the practicality is stronger.
Certainly, the technical principle based on this example and embodiment two, elastic material used by third elastomer 12 can also
It is identical as the second elastic body 7；In addition it is also possible to two, four, five even more quality oscillators be arranged, accordingly
Three, five, six even more elastic bodies are set, same stiffness or/and phase can be partly used between elastic body
The elastic material of same material manufactures, and can also use the manufacture of the elastic material of different-stiffness or/and unlike material completely, all be base
In the simple change of the technology of the present invention principle, also the present invention claims protection domain among.
Embodiment five
As shown in figure 5, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, difference lies in described with example IV
Quality oscillator is arranged two, specifically includes the first mass oscillator 8 and the second mass oscillator 9；The elastomer includes two bullets
Property body, specifically include the first elastic body 6 and the second elastic body 7, wherein the first mass oscillator 8 setting it is elastic first
In body 6, the second mass oscillator 9 is arranged in the second elastic body 7, and the first elastic body 6 and the second elastic body 7 are respectively adopted
The rubber material of different-stiffness is made, and the first elastic body 6 and the vulcanization of the second elastic body 7 are solidly fixed；In addition, institute
It states frequency modulation spring perch and uses split structure comprising buckle section 18 and engaging section 19, buckle section 18 and engaging section 19 pass through
Connection through-hole 13 is fixedly linked using fastener 14；In addition, the first elastic body 6 and the second elastic body 7 and restraining plate 23 are pre-
It is firstly vulcanized and is solidly fixed.
Compared with example IV, in technical solution described in this example, constrained damping structure and tuning quality vibration absorber one
Change setting, when installation simpler convenience.In addition, being arranged in juxtaposition between elastic body, no longer using the setting side being nested with one another
Formula, process operation are simpler.In addition, using split type frequency modulation spring perch, the size of elastomer can be better adapted to
Variation.For example, when the elastomer size in Fig. 5 increases, the engaging section 19 that can replace corresponding length is matched, does not need
Frequency modulation spring perch is all replaced, is conducive to save Material Cost, avoids wasting.
Embodiment six
As shown in fig. 6, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, with embodiment three the difference is that,
Quality oscillator 3 uses graininess bulk cargo, and for the graininess bulk cargo space layout in elastomer 2, wherein graininess bulk cargo is specific
For cobble；In addition, further including protection connecting plate 15, the protection connecting plate 15 is arranged in the fitting side of elastomer 2, protection connection
Plate 15 is arranged integrally with elastomer 2, the wing plate surface engagement that elastomer 2 passes through protection connecting plate 15 and rail 1；In addition, being
Ensure that the position between elastomer 2 and restraining plate 23 is opposite to stablize, elastomer 2 is corresponded on restraining plate 23 longitudinally disposed along rail
Positive stop strip 24.
Compared with embodiment three, the quality oscillator in technical solution described in this example is easier to obtain, and price is also more cheap,
It can also realize good effectiveness in vibration suppression.It should be pointed out that in general, needing selection that there is larger weight in the present invention
Graininess bulk cargo used as quality oscillator, to meet the needs of mass tuning vibration damping, such as iron sand, rubble, cobble, sand
Grain, heavy metal slag etc..Further, since being additionally arranged protection connecting plate 15, on the one hand, preferably elastomer can be protected from outer
Power is damaged；On the other hand, protect the selection of connecting plate more extensive, can select as needed weldable material, insulating materials,
The material of the different performances such as resistant material to meet different engineering demands, be conducive to further increase product applicability and
Service life；Third can also coordinate equal pressing plate to enhance the constraint to elastomer, improve the ability of shearing elasticity body energy consumption, enhancing
Oscillation damping and energy dissipating effect；4th, due to being additionally arranged positive stop strip on restraining plate, constrained damping structure and tuning quality vibration absorber it
Between connection and positioning be easier to realize, installation operation is simpler.
Embodiment seven
As shown in fig. 7, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, with embodiment six the difference is that,
The protection connecting plate 15 is equipped with convex-concave structure, and the convex-concave structure is specially to protect connecting plate 15 with elastomer 2 with unification
Multiple stupefied items 16 of side setting；In addition, being also correspondingly arranged the convex-concave for limiting each other on frequency modulation spring perch 5 and equal pressing plate 4
Structure, the convex-concave structure are specially the positioning pin 17 being arranged on spring perch 5 and the positioning that is correspondingly arranged on pressing plate 4
Hole；In addition, also constituted simultaneously equipped with the second elastomer 7, the second mass oscillator 9 and the second equal pressing plate 20 at the flange of rail of rail 1
Another group of mass tuning system, wherein the second elastomer 7 is made of elastane, and second presses made of aluminium alloy
Plate 20 is Nian Jie with the second elastomer 7 to be solidly fixed；4th, the constrained damping structure only can partly cover web of the rail surface,
It is specific as shown in Figure 7, rail head lower space is avoided, to meet tamping operation, daily maintenance or the space requirement of other operations.
Compared with embodiment six, in technical solution described in this example, due to being also additionally arranged mass tuning system, vibration damping in the flange of rail
Energy consumption effect is more notable.Coordinate with elastomer 2 further, since being additionally arranged convex-concave structure on protection connecting plate 15, the two contact
Area bigger, the effect of shearing elasticity body energy consumption is more obvious when work, is conducive to further promote passive energy dissipation ability.Separately
Outside, the convex-concave structure for limiting each other is correspondingly arranged on frequency modulation spring perch 5 and equal pressing plate 4, it is possible to prevente effectively from using
Frequency modulation spring perch is slipped or is shifted from equal pressing plate in journey, more securely and reliably, certainly, the technical principle based on this example, institute
The concrete form for stating convex-concave structure can be varied, can also be protrusion and groove cooperation in addition to the hole pin cooperation mentioned
Deng other position limiting structure forms, furthermore, it is also possible to positioning pin is set on equal pressing plate, it is corresponding to be set on frequency modulation spring perch 5
Location hole is set, can also realize same technique effect, the simple change of the technology of the present invention principle is all based on, all in the present invention
It is required that protection domain within.
Embodiment eight
As shown in figure 8, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, with embodiment seven the difference is that,
The protection connecting plate 15 and 23 integrated setting of restraining plate, are fixed into 2 prevulcanization of elastomer made of rubber material
One.
Compared with embodiment seven, in technical solution described in this example, the parts being related to are less, constrained damping structure and tuning
Mass damping device integrated setting, when installation simpler convenience.
Embodiment nine
As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, Combined steel rail of the present invention tunes vibration and noise reducing device, as shown in figure 3 technical solution
The difference is that the convex-concave structure for increasing bending stiffness is provided on the inner surface of equal pressing plate 4, the convex-concave structure tool
Body is along rail longitudinally arranged a plurality of convex stupefied 25, and elastomer 2 is made of elastic rubber material, and equal pressing plate 4 vulcanizes with elastomer 2
It links into an integrated entity；In addition, as shown in Figure 10, in this example, each elastomer 2 is correspondingly arranged two pieces of equal pressing plates 4, two pieces of equal pressing plates
4 are arranged at intervals on the non-fitting side of elastomer side by side, and every piece of equal pressing plate 4 is correspondingly arranged two frequency modulation spring perches 5, thus will
Equal pressing plate 4 is pressed abd fixed on 1 surface of rail together with elastomer 2.
Technical solution as shown in figure 3 is compared, convex stupefied due to being provided on equal pressing plate in the technical solution described in this example
25, plate body bending stiffness significantly improves, and the buckle press that frequency modulation spring perch applies can be acted on more uniformly by equal pressing plate
In the corresponding matching surface of entire elastomer 2, voltage equalizing is more preferable；In addition, equal pressing plate is provided with two pieces in this example, two pieces are pressed
Plate coordinates with frequency modulation spring perch respectively is pressed abd fixed on Rail Surface by elastomer, and different-stiffness may be used in two pieces of equal pressing plates
Frequency modulation spring perch, to increase Combined steel rail of the present invention tune vibration and noise reducing device system frequency it is adjustable
Range.
Technical principle based on this example, the set-up mode of the convex-concave structure can be varied on equal pressing plate, for example, can
Be longitudinally continuous along rail setting length it is convex stupefied, can also be along rail is parallel longitudinal and it is short convex stupefied to be staggered, also
Can be the convex stupefied or sinusoidal wave shape continuously setting etc. being from top to bottom obliquely installed, as long as equal pressing plate can be effectively improved
Bending stiffness, can be applied to the present invention among, it is preferred that the convex-concave structure is longitudinally disposed along rail；In addition, in addition to
Outside can be as the equal pressing plate of one piece or two pieces of setting described in previous embodiment, according to tuning quality vibration absorber in the present invention
Length is different, and equal pressing plate can also be arranged to three pieces, four pieces of even more polyliths, however, to ensure that the reliability gripped and
The stability of pressure effect, in general, the width of equal pressing plate is at least two times of frequency modulation spring perch width, these technologies are said
Bright and technical solution is all based on the simple change of the technology of the present invention principle, is equally applicable to the other embodiment of the present invention,
This is only described with word, not still further attached drawing, all the present invention claims protection domain among.
The embodiment of the present invention is primarily to facilitate the technical principle for understanding the present invention, it is not limited to above-described embodiment
The content of record, the technology contents that above-described embodiment is recorded can also carry out cross-reference, be based on the technology of the present invention principle, ability
Field technique personnel can re-start technical solution described in above-described embodiment combination or using similar technique to some of which member
Part carry out simple replacement, as long as based on the present invention technical principle, all the present invention claims protection domain among.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of Combined steel rail tunes vibration and noise reducing device, including constrained damping structure and tuning quality vibration absorber, described
Constrained damping structure includes restraining plate, damping layer and connecting plate；The tuning quality vibration absorber includes made of elastic material
Elastomer, the interior at least one quality oscillator of setting of elastomer, fitting side and restraining plate or/and the inoperative table of rail of elastomer
Face coordinates, and the shape that elastomer is bonded side is corresponding with the shape of restraining plate or/and rail inactive face, which is characterized in that
The tuning quality vibration absorber further includes equal pressing plate and frequency modulation spring perch, and the non-fitting side local setting of elastomer is pressed
Plate, the rigidity of the equal pressing plate are more than the rigidity of elastomer, the flange of rail of the local rail of frequency modulation spring perch cladding, when work
Frequency modulation spring perch is withheld on equal pressing plate, and frequency modulation spring perch coordinates with equal pressing plate thus by equal pressing plate together with elastomer
It is pressed abd fixed on Rail Surface, equal pressing plate coordinates pre- in the vertical and lateral application simultaneously of rail to elastomer with frequency modulation spring perch
Clamp force.
2. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that equal pressing plate and elastomer
Setting is integral.
3. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that elastomer includes at least
Two sub- elastomers made of different-stiffness elastic material.
4. Combined steel rail according to claim 3 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that in elastic body respectively
Quality oscillator is set.
5. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that quality oscillator is particle
Shape bulk cargo, the graininess bulk cargo space layout is in elastomer.
6. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that frequency modulation spring perch is adopted
Use split structure.
7. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that the Combined steel rail
Tuning vibration and noise reducing device further includes protection connecting plate, and the protection connecting plate is arranged in the fitting side of elastomer, protection connection
Plate and elastomer setting are integral, and elastomer is by protecting the inactive face of connecting plate and rail to coordinate.
8. Combined steel rail according to claim 7 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that protection connecting plate and bullet
Property body contact side be arranged convex-concave structure.
9. Combined steel rail according to claim 7 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that protection connecting plate with about
Beam plate integrated setting.
10. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that equal pressing plate is at least set
One piece is set, the width of equal pressing plate is at least two times of frequency modulation spring perch width.
11. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that be arranged on equal pressing plate
Convex-concave structure for increasing bending stiffness.
12. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that frequency modulation spring perch
With the convex-concave structure for limiting each other is correspondingly arranged on equal pressing plate.
13. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that the damping-constraining
In structure, respectively correspondingly the convex-concave on connecting plate is arranged in interval setting convex-concave structure, damping layer on connecting plate and restraining plate
In the tortuous chamber that structure is cooperatively formed with the convex-concave structure on restraining plate.
14. Combined steel rail according to claim 1 tunes vibration and noise reducing device, which is characterized in that corresponding on restraining plate
Positive stop strip is arranged in elastomer.
15. the system of Combined steel rail tuning vibration and noise reducing device described in any claim in a kind of adjustment claim 1-14
The method of intrinsic frequency, which is characterized in that by changing the quantity of used frequency modulation spring perch or changing used frequency modulation bullet
The mode of the size of spring fixture or the material of the used frequency modulation spring perch of change realizes the purpose of adjustment system frequency.
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| CN110593025A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-20 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Dynamic vibration absorber for corrugation steel rail |
| CN111118976A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-08 | 山西尚风科技股份有限公司 | Near-rail noise reduction device for rail transit |
| CN112252089A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-22 | 北京九州一轨环境科技股份有限公司 | Rail damper |
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