CN114687256A - Broadband track damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device - Google Patents
Broadband track damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687256A CN114687256A CN202011604209.0A CN202011604209A CN114687256A CN 114687256 A CN114687256 A CN 114687256A CN 202011604209 A CN202011604209 A CN 202011604209A CN 114687256 A CN114687256 A CN 114687256A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
Abstract
The application discloses wide band track damping vibration attenuation falls device of making an uproar for install wide band track damping vibration attenuation fall device of making an uproar on the rail include damping unit, inhale the unit of shaking, articulamentum and fixed unit, it installs to inhale the unit shake on the articulamentum, the damping unit sets up the rail with between the articulamentum, fixed unit supports the articulamentum will the damping unit the articulamentum with it fixes to inhale the unit shake on the rail.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to but is not limited to the field of rail transit facilities, in particular to a broadband rail damping vibration and noise reduction device.
Background
With the rapid development of rail transit, more and more lines are planned and constructed, and more rail lines pass through urban areas and are closer to residential areas. A great deal of research has shown that vibration and noise radiation of the rail seriously affect people's normal lives. Therefore, people begin to adopt the purpose of reducing environmental noise and vibration by additionally arranging a vibration and noise reduction device on the steel rail. At present, some steel rail dampers are applied, but the design of arranging a vibration and noise reduction device on a steel rail at present adopts a single design principle and has poor vibration and noise reduction effects.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a wide band track damping vibration attenuation noise reduction device, can effectively reduce the wearing and tearing of rail to and the noise that the rail produced with the wheel striking.
The embodiment of the application provides a broadband track damping vibration and noise reduction device which is used for being installed on a steel rail and comprises a damping unit, a vibration absorption unit, a connecting layer and a fixing unit,
the vibration absorbing unit is arranged on the connecting layer, the damping unit is arranged between the steel rail and the connecting layer, the fixing unit props against the connecting layer, and the damping unit, the connecting layer and the vibration absorbing unit are fixed on the steel rail.
Compared with some technologies, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the wide band track damping vibration attenuation noise reduction device that this application embodiment provided can effectively reduce the vibration that produces when rail and wheel striking, reduces the noise that the striking produced, avoids influencing the normal life of personnel around the track. And the vibration that the reduction rail produced still can reduce the impact between wheel and the rail, avoids the rail to damage, reduces the maintenance cost and the work load of track circuit by a wide margin.
Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the description that follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the claimed subject matter and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the subject matter and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the subject matter and not to limit the subject matter.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a broadband track damping vibration-damping noise-reducing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram II of the broadband track damping vibration-damping and noise-reducing device according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram III of the broadband track damping vibration-damping and noise-reducing device according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of the broadband track damping vibration-damping and noise-reducing device according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband track damping vibration-damping and noise-reducing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a sixth schematic structural view of a broadband track damping vibration-damping and noise-reducing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a seventh schematic structural diagram of the broadband track damping vibration and noise reduction device according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is an eighth schematic structural diagram of the broadband track damping vibration-damping noise-reducing device according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram nine of a broadband track damping vibration-damping noise-reducing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram ten of a broadband track damping vibration-damping and noise-reducing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a first schematic structural diagram of a fixing clamp according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12 is a second schematic structural view of a fixing clamp according to an embodiment of the present application.
Illustration of the drawings:
1-damping unit, 11-damping layer, 111-first mass unit, 12-constraint layer, 2-vibration absorbing unit, 21-vibration absorbing unit shell, 211-elastic damping material, 22-second mass unit, 3-connecting layer, 4-fixing unit, 41-fixing clamp, 411-buckling part, 412-extending part, 413-elastic deformation part, 414-connecting part, 415-anti-loosening part, 5-buffer transition layer, 6-vibration coupling layer, 7-steel rail and 71-rail foot.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The design of the vibration and noise reduction device can comprise two aspects:
damping vibration absorption, wherein a damping structure (damping layer) is arranged on a vibration source or a vibrating object, when the object vibrates, the internal tissue or molecules of the damping layer are driven to vibrate, the damping material can be made of high polymer materials, the internal tissue or molecules are mutually constrained, and the energy consumed by mutual friction extrusion is increased, so that the aim of absorbing and reducing the self vibration energy of the vibration source object is fulfilled. This system has a simple structure and can function in a relatively wide frequency band, but has disadvantages: firstly, the vibration absorption and vibration reduction effect of the damping layer completely depends on the damping coefficient of the damping layer and the thickness and volume of the material to determine the size of the absorbed energy, and most of the time, due to the limitation of the design space, enough damping material cannot be adopted, so that the effect is reduced; secondly, the material with high damping coefficient has high cost, and the application field of the material is limited; the device is usually adhered to a vibrating object, and the adhering process is high in requirement and inconvenient to disassemble and maintain in the later period; fourthly, although the effect can be achieved in a wide frequency band, the effect is low due to the existence of the problems, and the effect is not obvious at the key resonance frequency.
And secondly, dynamic vibration absorption, namely arranging a dynamic vibration absorber on a vibration source object, wherein the dynamic vibration absorber consists of a mass unit and an elastic unit capable of providing elasticity, and the elastic unit can provide required elasticity and damping performance. The mass unit needs to be connected with the elastic unit, and the mass unit can be positioned inside, or outside, or partially inside the elastic unit. The method aims at the main vibration resonance frequency to perform vibration reduction and noise reduction with obvious effect, namely after a mass unit with certain shape and mass and an elastic unit with certain rigidity are formed, the resonance frequency is determined, namely the dynamic vibration absorption effect at the frequency is obvious, and the absorption energy is larger. The disadvantages are that: the application field of the method is limited, namely the method is used when the characteristic frequency is obvious and the obvious vibration reduction effect is required to be achieved in a relatively narrow frequency band range.
The embodiment of the application provides a wide band track damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device, as shown in fig. 1 to 12, inhale simultaneously and inhale two aspects including damping and dynamic vibration, wide band track damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device is used for installing on rail 7, including damping unit 1, inhale unit 2, articulamentum 3 and fixed unit 4, inhale unit 2 and install on articulamentum 3 (inhale unit 2 and articulamentum 3's one side and combine together), damping unit 1 sets up between rail 7 and articulamentum 3, fixed unit 4 supports articulamentum 3, with damping unit 1, articulamentum 3 and inhale unit 2 and fix on rail 7.
The broadband track damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device provided by the embodiment of the application can be respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the steel rail 7 and also can be arranged at the bottom of the steel rail 7. Namely: the vibration-damping noise-reducing device can be arranged at the rail web part (two sides of the steel rail 7) and the rail bottom part of the steel rail 7 at the same time to wrap the steel rail 7, and can also be independently arranged at any position of the rail web part and the rail bottom part of the steel rail 7 to damp vibration and reduce noise. In practical application, in the vibration and noise reduction device arranged at the bottom of the steel rail 7, the damping unit 1 and the connecting layer 3 can be omitted as required, as shown in fig. 4.
The damping unit 1 is tightly attached to two sides of the steel rail 7, and the contact surface of the damping unit and the steel rail 7 has a shape matched with the shape of the steel rail 7; the other side surface of the damping unit 1 is tightly attached to the connecting plate; the contact surface of the connecting plate and the damping unit 1 is matched with the side surface of the damping unit 1 in shape.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the damping unit 1 includes a plurality of damping layers 11 with constraining layers 12 disposed between adjacent damping layers 11.
The damping unit 1 comprises a plurality of damping layers 11 and a constraint layer 12 arranged between the adjacent damping layers 11, and the damping units 1 are provided with the plurality of damping layers 11, so that the damping and vibration absorption effects can be effectively improved. The innermost damping layer 11 is in contact with the rail 7, and the outermost damping layer 11 is in contact with the connecting layer 3.
When the steel rail 7 vibrates, the steel rail 7 drives the internal structure or molecules of the damping layer 11 to vibrate, the damping layer 11 can be made of high polymer materials, the internal structure or molecules are mutually restrained, the internal structure or molecules are mutually rubbed and extruded, the consumed energy is increased, the purpose of absorbing and reducing the self vibration energy of the steel rail is achieved, and the noise radiation of the steel rail to the surrounding environment is further reduced after the vibration is reduced. The damping layer 11 is able to function in a relatively wide frequency band (typically the mid-high frequency band), increasing the range over which the vibration and noise reducing device can be used.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the damping layer 11 is provided with a first mass unit 111 therein, which further absorbs vibration energy of the steel rail and reduces vibration of the rail and noise radiation.
The damping layer 11 is provided with a first mass unit 111 to form a mass-spring-damping system, so that the dynamic vibration absorption effect of the damping layer 11 is improved.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 to 10, the vibration absorbing unit 2 includes a vibration absorbing unit housing 21, a cavity is disposed in the vibration absorbing unit 2, an elastic damping material 211 is disposed in the cavity, and a second mass unit 22 is further disposed in the cavity to further absorb vibration energy of the steel rail and reduce vibration and noise radiation of the rail.
The vibration absorption unit 2 has a good dynamic vibration absorption effect, can absorb part of energy generated by vibration of the steel rail and convert the energy into internal energy so as to achieve the vibration absorption and noise reduction effects on the steel rail. The elastic damping material filled in the cavity can be damping rubber, polyurethane, damping liquid and the like. The second mass element 22 may be a shock-absorbing bead (bead mass element) that is interfused with the elastic damping material. The second mass unit 22 is arranged in the cavity of the vibration absorbing unit 2, and the second mass unit 22 and the elastic damping material 211 form a "mass-spring-damping" system, wherein the elastic damping material 211 can provide the required elasticity and damping performance, and the second mass unit 22 is used for consuming the energy of the steel rail. The both ends of the unit 2 of shaking can be provided with the protective cover, and the protective cover is provided with unsmooth connection locking structure with the contact position of shaking the unit shell 21 of shaking for the protective cover with shake the unit shell 21 constitution and have the whole of cavity, fill elasticity damping material 211 and hold second mass element 22 in the cavity.
The vibration absorption unit 2 in the embodiment of the application adopts the principle of dynamic vibration absorption, and vibration absorption and noise reduction with obvious effect are carried out at the vibration resonance frequency of the steel rail. After the second mass unit 22 with a certain shape and mass and the elastic damping material 211 with a certain rigidity are fused and assembled in the cavity of the vibration absorbing unit 2 to form the whole body of the vibration absorbing unit 2 together, the whole structure of the vibration absorbing unit 2 has one or more natural vibration frequencies, namely, the vibration absorbing and noise reducing device at the frequency has obvious effect and larger absorbed energy. In the embodiment of the present application, the second mass units 22 in the vibration absorbing unit 2 may be designed as micro bead mass units, the micro bead mass units are arranged in a three-dimensional manner, and the micro bead mass units are connected with each other through an elastic damping material, so as to form a three-dimensional network type "mass-spring-damping" multi-degree-of-freedom vibration damping and noise reduction system. The micro bead mass units arranged in a three-dimensional network can be positioned in a container and also can be adhered or fixed on a steel rail, when the steel rail vibrates, each micro bead mass unit is caused to vibrate, the micro bead mass units are subjected to the energy consumption effect of the multidirectional elastic damping material, the micro bead mass units fully correspond to the corresponding vibration forms of the steel rail under different frequencies and different modes, the mass-spring-damping system has the energy consumption effect in the direction of corresponding main freedom degrees under different vibration forms, and the micro bead mass units play an obvious role in absorbing and converting the vibration energy on the key frequency. By adopting the bead mass units with different masses, different shapes and different sizes, the resonance frequency of the whole structure can be changed, namely, when different bead mass units are adopted, larger vibration energy can be absorbed on different key frequencies, namely, when different bead mass units are adopted for mixing, the obvious vibration reduction and noise reduction effects can be simultaneously played on a plurality of key frequencies. The microbead mass units can be made of different materials with different sizes and different shapes according to different resonance frequencies; the shapes of the bead mass units can be regular circles, squares, rectangles, stars and triangles, and can also be irregular polygons, polyhedrons and the like; the material of the micro-bead mass unit can be metal, high polymer material with high density (such as nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane and the like), crystal material (such as graphene, sound absorption crystal and the like), and particle material (such as gravel, sand, metal chips, crystal particles and the like). In addition, the key frequency characteristics can be changed by changing the parameters such as rigidity, damping coefficient and the like of the elastic damping material.
In an exemplary embodiment, the vibration absorbing unit 2 is connected to the connection layer 3 by welding, bolting, riveting, bonding or integral molding.
The vibration absorption unit 2 is fixed on the connecting layer 3, and the fixing unit 4 can realize the fixation of the vibration absorption unit 2 by abutting against the fixed connecting layer 3. The shock-absorbing unit 2 may be connected to the connection layer 3 by welding, bolting, riveting or integral forming. For example, when the vibration absorbing unit is fixed by bolts or rivets, the connecting plate and the vibration absorbing unit are provided with connecting interfaces, and the connecting plate and the vibration absorbing unit 2 are connected and fixed together by bolts (and nuts) or rivets. When the integrally formed connection mode is adopted, the number of parts can be reduced, and the connection stability is improved. Of course, welding may be continued to be used for reinforcement while the above-described manner is being adopted.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, a buffer transition layer 5 is provided between the shock-absorbing unit 2 and the connection layer 3.
When the vibration absorbing unit 2 is connected with the connecting layer 3 by welding, bolting or riveting, a buffer transition layer 5 is provided between the vibration absorbing unit 2 and the connecting layer 3. The outer surfaces of the connecting layer 3 and the vibration absorption unit 2 are both made of hard materials, a buffer transition layer 5 is arranged between the connecting layer and the vibration absorption unit, the influence of the unevenness of the contact surface on the assembly can be avoided, certain elasticity and damping are provided between the connecting layer and the vibration absorption unit, and the absorption and consumption of vibration energy are enhanced. The buffer transition layer 5 may be bonded or otherwise fixed to at least one of the connection layer 3 and the shock-absorbing unit 2.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, a vibration coupling layer 6 is further provided between the damping unit 1 and the steel rail 7.
Still be provided with vibration coupling layer 6 between damping unit 1 and the rail 7, vibration coupling layer 6 can strengthen and rail 7 between contact and vibration transmission efficiency, avoid having the vibration transmission efficiency reduction, the circumstances such as the effect decline of making an uproar falls of damping that factors such as impurity, dust, corrosion and surface unevenness brought because of the contact surface. The vibration coupling layer 6 and the damping unit 1 (damping layer 11) can be of an integrally formed structure so as to simplify the manufacturing process and improve the connection stability, and of course, the vibration coupling layer 6 and the damping unit 1 can also be connected in other connection modes, such as bonding or buckling connection.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the fixing unit 4 includes a fixing clamp 41, the fixing clamp 41 includes a pressing portion 411, an extending portion 412, an elastic deformation portion 413, a connecting portion 414 and a locking portion 415, one end of the connecting portion 414 is provided with the elastic deformation portion 413, the elastic deformation portion 413 is connected to the pressing portion 411 through the extending portion 412, the pressing portion 411 abuts against the connecting layer 3, the other end of the connecting portion 414 is provided with the locking portion 415, and the locking portion 415 locks the rail foot 71 of the rail 7. The number of the fixing jigs 41 is two or more, and the fixing jigs 41 are arranged in a mirror image as shown in fig. 1 to 10.
The anti-loose part 415 of the fixing unit 4 hooks the edge part of the rail foot 71 of the rail, the connecting part 414 passes through the rail foot of the rail to the other side of the rail 71, the elastic deformation part 413 bypasses the edge of the rail foot 71, the extension part 412 extends towards the inside of the rail until the buckling part 411 at the tail end of the extension part tightly presses against the connecting layer 3, and therefore the fixing unit 4 fixes the whole body consisting of the damping layer 11, the connecting layer 3 and the vibration absorbing unit 2 on the rail 7.
The two sides of the steel rail 7 are respectively provided with a whole consisting of the damping layer 11, the connecting layer 3 and the vibration absorption unit 2, and the fixing units 4 are fastened and pressed alternately from the two sides of the steel rail 7.
The wide band track damping vibration attenuation noise reduction device that this application embodiment provided sets up in rail both sides or rail end, combines the damping to inhale the vibration principle, the dynamic vibration principle of inhaling and the design is inhaled to the microballon damping, has outstanding vibration attenuation noise reduction effect, noise radiation and the wave rail wearing and tearing that arouse by the rail vibration when can effectively reduce the train and travel.
The wide band track damping vibration attenuation noise reduction device that this application embodiment provided has remain the damping and has inhaled the effect of inhaling (damping unit 1) and play the effect in the broad frequency, plays the effect increase vibration attenuation noise reduction effect by inhaling unit 2 in key resonant frequency department simultaneously, has further improved vibration attenuation noise reduction effect.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the term "plurality" refers to two or more, and the directions or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", and the like are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the structures referred to have a specific direction, are constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "mounted," and "installed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., the term "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The embodiments described herein are exemplary rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of any other feature or element in any other embodiment, unless expressly limited otherwise.
The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements disclosed herein may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique solution as defined by the claims. Any feature or element of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other aspects to form another unique aspect, as defined by the claims. Thus, it should be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in this application may be implemented alone or in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the embodiments are not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A wide-band track damping vibration-damping noise-reducing device is used for being installed on a steel rail and is characterized by comprising a damping unit, a vibration-absorbing unit, a connecting layer and a fixing unit,
the vibration absorbing unit is arranged on the connecting layer, the damping unit is arranged between the steel rail and the connecting layer, the fixing unit props against the connecting layer, and the damping unit, the connecting layer and the vibration absorbing unit are fixed on the steel rail.
2. The broadband rail-damped vibration damping and noise reducing device according to claim 1, wherein the damping unit comprises a plurality of damping layers, and a constraining layer is disposed between adjacent damping layers.
3. The broadband rail-damped vibration damping and noise reducing device according to claim 2, wherein a first mass element is disposed in the damping layer.
4. The broadband track damping vibration-damping and noise-reducing device according to claim 1, wherein a cavity is disposed in the vibration-absorbing unit, the cavity is filled with a damping material, and a second mass unit is disposed in the cavity.
5. The broadband rail damping vibration damping and noise reducing device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing unit is connected to the connecting layer by welding, bolting, riveting or integral molding.
6. The broadband rail-damped vibration/noise reduction device according to claim 1, wherein a buffer transition layer is disposed between the vibration absorbing unit and the connecting layer.
7. The broadband rail damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device according to claim 1, wherein a vibration coupling layer is further arranged between the damping unit and the steel rail.
8. The broadband track damping vibration and noise reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing unit comprises a fixing clamp, the fixing clamp comprises a buckling portion, an extending portion, an elastic deformation portion, a connecting portion and a locking portion,
one end of the connecting part is provided with an elastic deformation part which is connected with the buckling part through the extension part, the buckling part is propped against the connecting layer,
the other end of the connecting part is provided with a locking part which locks the rail foot of the steel rail.
9. The broadband rail-damped vibration/noise reduction device according to claim 8, wherein the number of said fixing jigs is two or more.
10. The broadband rail-damped vibration damping and noise reducing device according to claim 9, wherein the holding clamps are arranged in mirror image.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011604209.0A CN114687256A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Broadband track damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device |
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| CN202011604209.0A CN114687256A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Broadband track damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction device |
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