A kind of rail damper
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway traffic technical fields, specifically propose a kind of rail damper.
Background technique
Traditional rail damper mostly uses dynamic vibration absorber DVA (Dynamic Vibration Absorber) structure, such as
Shown in Fig. 1.Its chief component includes elasticity-damping unit and mass unit.
It is using principle: the intrinsic frequency of rail damper and rail itself vibration natural frequency are close or are overlapped, when
When frequency range of the rail near its intrinsic frequency is vibrated, " mass-spring-damper " system and steel that rail damper is formed
Rail forms reversed resonance, to reduce the vibration of rail, absorbs the vibrational energy of rail.It is hindered using dynamic vibration absorber structure rail
The advantages of Buddhist nun's device is that it can carry out design for specific rail intrinsic frequency, and shock attenuation result is good, and optimal cases are can to incite somebody to action
Rail is reduced in the vibration of its intrinsic frequency close to zero.However the rail damper of dynamic vibration absorber structure is used also to have one
A fatal disadvantage: the vibration damping frequency band of rail damper is very narrow, intrinsic frequency must near the intrinsic frequency of rail, if
Intrinsic frequency of the intrinsic frequency of rail damper far from rail, will be unable to form antiresonance effect, and what can be played " inhales
Vibration " effect will be very limited.
Generally, when rail damper product specific structure once fixed, its own characteristics of mode (intrinsic frequency and
The vibration shape) it can not just change, just it can only play the role of dynamic absorber for specific rail vibration frequency.
In actual application, the duty parameter of different routes is different, as fastener rigidity, fastener branch tie distance,
Ballast rigidity, route curve radius, train running speed, train model etc..And different duty parameters the problem of bringing is not
Vibration natural frequency with rail is different.If used on different routes with identical product, it may appear that because rail hinders
The intrinsic frequency and the inconsistent situation of rail vibration intrinsic frequency of Buddhist nun's device are difficult to play the absorbing effect of rail damper in this way
Fruit.In addition, as the railroad embankment time limit increases, the duty parameter of track can change (such as: for a long time using in rear fastener
Aging occurs for elastic element, and rigidity can change) vibration natural frequency that will also result in rail changes, originally inherently
The matched rail damper of frequency will be no longer applicable in, and effect of vibration and noise reduction can be deteriorated.
In view of this, proposing the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of rail dampers, to solve the above problems.
In order to realize the goal of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of rail damper, the damper include at least one cavity structure, are equipped with filling in the cavity structure
Object is set in cavity structure to the filler flowability.
Preferably, the cavity structure is set to above steel rail web two sides or rail bottom or below rail bottom, the cavity knot
Structure is fitted closely with rail.
Preferably, the cavity structure is at least partly set as rigid structure.
Preferably, the damper includes elastic damping unit, and the elastic damping cell body forms cavity structure.
Preferably, the filler is discrete particle, and the filler is liquid or solidliquid mixture.
Preferably, the size of the discrete particle is identical or different.
Preferably, the cavity structure is equipped with the opening that can be opened or closed.
Preferably, the damper and rail are connected and fixed by clip.
Preferably, the clip includes the elastic slice of a pair of opposing, and the pair of elastic slice lower end is tethered by locking screw
Connect fixation;Top, side wall, the rail foot bottom surface of the elastic slice and damper are mutually withheld.
Preferably, the clip includes a pair of opposing elastic slice, fixed plate, and the bottom of the bottom of the elastic slice passes through company
Fitting is fixedly connected with fixed plate, and the elastic slice is mutually withheld with the top of damper, side wall, cooperation fixed plate and rail foot
Connection is withheld, by damper and the fixed clamping of rail.
Beneficial effect
(1) cavity structure and discrete particle of the present invention collectively form damper, on the one hand which passes through dynamic absorber
Device principle absorbs rail vibration, on the other hand absorbs rail vibration by particle damping principle.It, can due to the presence of particle damping
To improve the absorbing efficiency and absorbing bandwidth of rail damper, better shock attenuation result is generated.
(2) cavities open of the invention is arranged in products application, only need to design a kind of structure, is filled by change
The quality of particle can adjust the intrinsic frequency of rail damper, adapt it to different route operating conditions, avoid multiple
Design, processing mold and manufacturing process;
(3) when route operating condition changes (such as fastener aging, rigidity increase), rail vibration intrinsic frequency changes
Become, the shock attenuation result of rail damper is deteriorated.The product that cavities open is arranged can online road transport row scene opening rail damper
Cavity exit, carry out increasing or decreasing granular mass, thus make rail damper intrinsic frequency adjust as rail spy
It is consistent to determine vibration frequency, guarantee there are enough shock attenuation results.
(4) damper can closely be connect by clip structure of the invention with rail, so that effectively transmitting vibration, is realized
Vibration absorbing low noise.In addition, the clip is simple in construction, easy to disassemble and assemble.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of existing rail damper;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is another structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment two of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment three of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is another structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment three of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is another structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment three of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is another structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment three of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is another structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment three of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment seven of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment eight of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper example IV of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment five of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of rail damper embodiment six of the present invention.
Description of symbols
Further clearly to illustrate the connection relationship between structure of the invention and each component, the following drawings mark is given
Note, and be illustrated.
Elastic damping unit 1, mass unit 2, cavity structure 3, discrete particle 4, flexible bag 5, cavities open 6, first
Discrete particle 41, the second discrete particle 42, the first cavity 31, the second cavity 32 vibrate object 7, clip 9, damper 10, locking screw
Bolt 11, elastic slice 12, screw rod 13, nut 14, fixed plate 15, inner sidewall 16, lateral wall 17, bottom surface 18, top surface 19
Description of symbols through the above attached drawings can be more clearly understood and illustrate this hair in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Bright technical solution.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can be better
Understand the present invention and can be practiced, but scope of the present invention is not limited to described in specific embodiment
Range.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can be mutual
Any combination.
Embodiment one
A kind of rail damper, as shown in Fig. 2, the damper 10 includes one or more cavity structures 3, the cavity
Structure 3 is set to above steel rail web two sides or rail bottom or below rail bottom, a large amount of discrete particles 4 of filling in the cavity structure 2.
The cavity structure 3 is arranged along rail section direction, or is longitudinally arranged along rail.
The cavity structure 3 is set as rigid structure, cavity structure 3 and rail rigid contact.
The discrete particle 4 is a kind of material or various material, and such as Fig. 6, the discrete particle 4 includes the first discrete particle
41, the second discrete particle 42, first discrete particle 41,42 granular size of the second discrete particle are identical or different, i.e., described
Discrete particle size is one or more.
The cavity structure 3 is fitted closely with rail, it is preferred that can be by bonding, elastic slice, bolt fastening structure etc. even
The mode of connecing is fixed.
It is fixedly clamped between the cavity structure 3 and rail by clip 9, the clip 9 is elastic piece structure.The cavity
Brushing bonding agent between structure 3 and rail, laminating degree of the bonding agent to enhance cavity structure and rail.
Such as Fig. 3, the damper 10 includes flexible bag 5, and the flexibility bag 5 wraps up discrete in cavity structure 3
Grain 4, the flexibility bag 5 wrap up discrete particle 4 and form steamed buns stuffed with sweetened bean paste damper BBD (Bean Bag Damper), the steamed buns stuffed with sweetened bean paste damping
BBD technology is a kind of special particle damping, and principle is to be mounted in the small mass block of graininess there is certain elasticity to restore
In the soft bag of power, bag is put into the specific cavity of one, main vibration structure, it is rigid in traditional vertical impact damper to replace
Property gauge block, to achieve the purpose that reduce main vibration structural vibration.
Managed using particle damping PD (Particle Damper): in steel vibration processes, rail drives cavity and discrete particle
It moves, impact, friction occurs between a large amount of discrete particles, the vibrational energy of rail is dissipated, to reduce the vibration of rail.
One advantage of grain damping is that absorbing frequency band is very wide, has shock attenuation result in the wide frequency range of 0~6000Hz.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment combines the principle of the traditional rail damper (principle of dynamic vibration absorber) of embodiment one.
As shown in figure 4, the damper 10 in the present embodiment includes elastic damping unit 1, cavity structure 3, the cavity knot
Structure 3 is that 1 ontology of elastic damping unit is formed by cavity.
Further, the cavity structure can also be metal cavitg with 3.The elastic damping unit 1 and cavity structure 3 one
It is body formed, such as direct sulfidization molding can be passed through.
Further, discrete particle 4 is filled in the cavity structure 3.
The mass unit of traditional rail damper is changed to the structure 3 of discrete particle filling cavity by the present embodiment.The structure
Apply the principle of dynamic vibration absorber: cavity structure 3 and discrete particle collectively form mass unit, but increase on this basis
The principle of particle damping.On the one hand rail vibration is absorbed by dynamic vibration absorber principle, on the other hand passes through particle damping principle
Absorb rail vibration.Due to the presence of particle damping, the absorbing efficiency and absorbing bandwidth of rail damper can be improved, generate more
Good shock attenuation result.
Embodiment three
The program is improved on the basis of example 2, such as Fig. 5, and the cavity structure 3 is equipped with opening 6, the opening 6
It is equipped with dismountable lid.The top and bottom that the opening 6 is set to cavity structure 3, so as to by top opening add from
Scattered seed 4, or discrete particle 4 is reduced by bottom opening.It can be big to the particle gross mass in cavity structure 3, particle by opening 6
It is small to be adjusted.When needing high-speed discrete particle, the lid for opening corresponding opening is adjusted, and opening is blocked after adjustment,
It can come into operation.The cavities open 6 is one or more.Cavities open 6 can open or close, such as use screw thread knot
Structure, plug structure, elastic clamping structure etc..
Such as Fig. 6, the discrete particle material, density are one or more, and size is one or more;The cavity structure 3 is set
There is one or more.
Such as Fig. 7, the cavity structure 3 includes the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32, and first cavity 31 and second is empty
32 shape of chamber is matched with its rail shape.
Such as Fig. 8, the filler is liquid or solid-liquid mixture.
Such as Fig. 9, the present embodiment is realized by the way that openable or closure cavity exit is arranged on cavity structure in cavity
The adjustment of particle gross mass, so as to the intrinsic frequency of motivation of adjustment bump leveller structure.The cavities open 6 may be disposed at resistance
On multiple side walls of Buddhist nun's device, that is, opening 6 is set as needed towards multiple directions, such as opening 6 and rail are vertical, rail is lateral,
Rail longitudinal direction etc. is consistent.
The structure of the present embodiment has the advantage that
(1) when products application, a kind of structure only need to be designed, the quality by changing filled particle can be to rail
The intrinsic frequency of damper adjusts, and adapts it to different route operating conditions, avoids multiple design, processing mold and manufactured
Journey;
(2) when route operating condition changes (such as fastener aging, rigidity increase), rail vibration intrinsic frequency changes
Become, the shock attenuation result of rail damper is deteriorated.The product can online road transport row scene open the cavity exit of rail damper, into
Row increases or decreases granular mass, so that the intrinsic frequency of rail damper be made to adjust the certain vibration frequency one as rail
It causes, guarantee has enough shock attenuation results.
Example IV
As shown in figure 12, rail damper provided in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of embodiment 1.Tool
Body, semiclosed rigid cavity is set by cavity structure 3, i.e. the outside of cavity structure 3 is set as rigid structure, cavity structure
3 outside includes top surface 19 and lateral wall 17.The inner sidewall 16 of cavity structure 3 and bottom surface 18 are respectively by steel rail web and foot shape
At the top surface 19 of cavity structure 3 and lateral wall 17 are set as rigid structure.Lateral wall 17 or top surface 19 in cavity structure 3
Upper setting opening 6, opening 6 are used to fill discrete particle.When installation, first in the fixed semiclosed cavity of rail two sides installation, then
From aperture position into cavity filler particles.
The mass unit of traditional rail damper is changed to the structure 3 of discrete particle filling cavity by the present embodiment, is being guaranteed
While rail damper enough shock attenuation result, the structure of rail damper is simplified, by the web of the rail structure of rail, by cavity
Structure 3 is fixed on rail two sides, is easily installed structure.
Embodiment five
As shown in figure 13, rail damper provided in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of embodiment 1.Tool
Body, cavity structure 3 is set as semiclosed rigid cavity, i.e. the outside of cavity structure 3 is set as rigid structure.
Further, semiclosed rigid cavity is collectively formed by rigid element and flexible portion.It wraps in the outside of cavity structure 3
Top surface 19 and lateral wall 17 are included, top surface 19 and lateral wall 17 are set as rigid structure, and top surface 19 and the end side of lateral wall 17 point
It is not connected in the web of the rail of rail with foot.The inner sidewall 16 of cavity structure 3 and bottom surface 18 are set as flexible portion, flexible portion
Both ends are connected and fixed with top surface 19 and lateral wall 17 respectively.
Hollow structure is set as between the flexible portion and steel rail web.
Rail damper provided in this embodiment, one side rigid element and rail rigid contact, support total is simultaneously
The vibrational energy of rail is passed into particle;Another aspect flexible portion is used to improve the severe degree of particle movement, makes particle
Between collision, friction etc. it is stronger, to consume more energy, improve effectiveness in vibration suppression.
Embodiment six
As shown in figure 14, rail damper provided in this embodiment is further changed on the basis of the above embodiments
Into.Specifically, cavity structure 3 is set as totally-enclosed rigid cavity, inner sidewall 16, the lateral wall 17, bottom of totally-enclosed rigid cavity
Face 18 and top surface 19 are all set to rigid structure, and top surface 19 and lateral wall 17 constitute the outside of cavity structure.It is totally-enclosed rigid
The inner sidewall of property cavity and bottom surface are bonded with the web of the rail of rail and foot respectively.
It is internally provided with flexible wall 20 in totally-enclosed rigid cavity, the both ends of flexible wall 20 are empty with totally-enclosed rigidity respectively
The top surface 19 of chamber and lateral wall 17 connect.Hollow structure is set as between the flexible wall 20 and inner sidewall 16 and bottom surface 18.
Rail damper provided in this embodiment, one side rigid element and rail rigid contact, support total is simultaneously
The vibrational energy of rail is passed into particle;Another aspect flexible portion is used to improve the severe degree of particle movement, makes particle
Between collision, friction etc. it is stronger, to consume more energy, improve effectiveness in vibration suppression.
Embodiment seven
The present embodiment is clip 9, and the clip 9 is used to fix damper, damper and rail are in clamping connection.
Such as Figure 10, the clip 9 includes a pair of of elastic slice 12, and the pair of elastic slice 12 is oppositely arranged, the pair of elastic slice 12
Lower end is connected and fixed by clamping screw 11.The bolt 11 is located on the downside of rail foot, and a pair of of elastic slice 12 is linked together;
The pair of elastic slice 12 is bending setting, and elastic slice 12 and top, side wall, the rail foot bottom surface of damper are mutually withheld, to have
Damper 10 and rail are fixed clamping by effect.
Embodiment eight
The present embodiment principle is identical as example IV, and such as Figure 11, the clip 9 includes a pair of of elastic slice 12, fixed plate 15, institute
It states a pair of of elastic slice 12 to be oppositely arranged, the bottom of the elastic slice 12 is fixedly connected by connector with fixed plate 15, is increased to rail
The fixing intensity of damper.
Preferably, connector is set as screw rod 13, and through-hole is arranged in fixed plate 15, and the screw rod 13 passes through fixed plate 15
On through-hole, 13 end of screw rod is equipped with nut, so that elastic slice 12 is fixedly connected with fixed plate 15.The fixed plate 15
On the downside of rail foot, the elastic slice 12 is bending setting, and the elastic slice 12 is mutually withheld with the top of damper, side wall, matched
It closes fixed plate 15 to connect with withholding for rail foot, thus effectively by damper 10 and the fixed clamping of rail.
Structure of the invention has the advantage that
(1) cavity structure and discrete particle of the present invention collectively form damper, on the one hand which passes through dynamic absorber
Device principle absorbs rail vibration, on the other hand absorbs rail vibration by particle damping principle.It, can due to the presence of particle damping
To improve the absorbing efficiency and absorbing bandwidth of rail damper, better shock attenuation result is generated.
(2) cavities open of the invention is arranged in products application, only need to design a kind of structure, is filled by change
The quality of particle can adjust the intrinsic frequency of rail damper, adapt it to different route operating conditions, avoid multiple
Design, processing mold and manufacturing process;
(3) when route operating condition changes (such as fastener aging, rigidity increase), rail vibration intrinsic frequency changes
Become, the shock attenuation result of rail damper is deteriorated.The product that cavities open is arranged can online road transport row scene opening rail damper
Cavity exit, carry out increasing or decreasing granular mass, thus make rail damper intrinsic frequency adjust as rail spy
It is consistent to determine vibration frequency, guarantee there are enough shock attenuation results.
(4) damper can closely be connect by clip structure of the invention with rail, so that effectively transmitting vibration, is realized
Vibration absorbing low noise.In addition, the clip is simple in construction, easy to disassemble and assemble.
In the description of the present application, belonging to " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. be shall be understood in a broad sense, such as
" connection " may be a fixed connection, can also with when be detachably connected, or be integrally connected;It can be directly connected, be also possible to
It is connected by intermediary brief introduction.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned art can be understood as the case may be
The concrete meaning of language in this application.
In the description of this specification, the description meaning of term " one embodiment " " some embodiments " " specific embodiment " etc.
Refer to that particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one implementation of the application
In example or example, in the present specification, identical embodiment or implementation are not necessarily referring to the schematic illustration of above-mentioned term
Example.Moreover, description particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can in any one or more of the embodiments or examples with
Suitable mode combines.
It is described interior although those skilled in the art should be understood that embodiment disclosed by inventive embodiments is as above
Hold embodiment that is only of the invention for ease of understanding and using, the embodiment being not intended to limit the invention.Any present invention is real
Apply a those skilled in the art, do not depart from disclosed herein spirit and scope under the premise of, can be in implementation
Any modification and variation, but the scope of patent protection of the embodiment of the present invention are carried out in form and details, it still must be with appended power
Benefit requires subject to defined range.