CN109514190B - Aluminum alloy lining spinning forming method and spinning tool - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy lining spinning forming method and spinning tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN109514190B CN109514190B CN201811376749.0A CN201811376749A CN109514190B CN 109514190 B CN109514190 B CN 109514190B CN 201811376749 A CN201811376749 A CN 201811376749A CN 109514190 B CN109514190 B CN 109514190B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
Abstract
The invention discloses a spinning forming method and a forming tool for an aluminum alloy lining, wherein the method comprises the following steps: processing a blank; processing an alloy plate into a circular blank with a preset specification and a variable wall thickness, and carrying out heat treatment and flaw detection treatment on the obtained circular blank; spinning and forming; annealing treatment; carrying out heat treatment stress relief annealing on the aluminum alloy lining obtained by spinning forming; machining; and machining the aluminum alloy lining subjected to annealing treatment to remove double-sided machining allowance. The method solves the quality problems of postweld deformation, welding defects and the like easily caused by the traditional welding forming scheme, and the spun part has good die attaching quality, high precision, good part consistency and higher part stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy lining processing, in particular to a spinning forming method and a spinning tool for an aluminum alloy lining.
Background
The aluminum alloy lining is a fuel storage tool and has the advantages of stable performance, large fuel storage capacity, small volume of the same-proportion cylindrical storage tool and the like. In the prior art, the alloy lining type fuel storage tool is formed by assembling and welding two hemispherical structural members and two pipe connecting nozzles, and the assembly and welding parts are more, so that at least three welding seams exist in the lining, the strength of the welding seams is poor, and the lining is easy to break; the fuel storage tool has extremely high requirements on welding quality, generally adopts I-grade welding seams, and causes difficult control on welding quality and higher rejection rate; meanwhile, the butt welding difficulty of the pipe connecting nozzle and the ball body which are cambered surfaces is high, the shape of a welded part is easy to be out of tolerance, X-ray detection and sample detection of the welded part are unqualified, and the quality problems of welding position leakage in the test process are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an aluminum alloy lining spinning forming method and a spinning tool, so as to solve at least one problem.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a spinning forming method of an aluminum alloy lining, which comprises the following steps:
processing a blank; processing an alloy plate into a circular blank with a preset specification and a variable wall thickness, and carrying out heat treatment and flaw detection treatment on the obtained circular blank;
spinning and forming; clamping the qualified round blank subjected to flaw detection treatment on a spinning tool, starting the spinning equipment, and enabling the round blank to generate continuous plastic deformation under the action of axial force and radial force applied to a spinning wheel of the spinning tool by the spinning equipment so as to complete the spinning forming of the round blank and obtain a hemispherical aluminum alloy lining;
annealing treatment; carrying out heat treatment stress relief annealing on the aluminum alloy lining obtained by spinning forming;
machining; and machining the aluminum alloy lining subjected to annealing treatment to remove double-sided machining allowance.
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
after the blank is processed and before the spinning forming, the method also comprises the following steps:
preforming; the method comprises the steps of performing preforming processing on a circular blank by adopting tail top pier pressing with a spherical inner cavity, checking the circle runout of the highest point of the excircle of a spinning wheel, the cylindrical surface of an alignment core mold and the spherical surface at the top of the spinning tool by using a dial indicator, wherein the circle runout of the highest point of the excircle of the spinning wheel and the cylindrical surface of the alignment core mold are not more than 0.1mm, the circle runout of the spherical surface at the top is not more than 0.2mm, and adjusting the gap between the spinning wheel and the spherical surface of the core mold.
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
in the step of blank processing, the blank diameter of the preset-specification variable-wall-thickness round blank is 835mm, and one end of the round blank is provided with a conical boss with the small end diameter of 43.8 mm.
Further, in the step of processing the blank, the step of performing heat treatment on the obtained circular blank specifically includes:
the annealing temperature of the heat treatment is 320 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 165min, and the cooling mode is air cooling;
further, in the step of processing the blank, the step of performing flaw detection on the obtained circular blank specifically includes:
the flaw detection treatment is ultrasonic flaw detection, the ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out according to GB/T6519, and the grade of the blank is required to be not lower than grade A.
Further, in the spin forming step, the spin forming includes the steps of:
preparing a molybdenum disulfide oil agent, coating a molybdenum disulfide oil agent coating on the outer circle surfaces of the core mold and the circular blank, and continuously lubricating a spinning wheel in the spinning process;
heating spinning is adopted, the circular blank is preheated before spinning, the preheating time is 10-15 min, an infrared thermometer detects that the heating temperature is 250-300 ℃, then spinning is started, and the blank at the front end of a spinning wheel is controlled to be 260-300 ℃ during the spinning process;
performing multi-pass spinning to obtain a formed aluminum alloy lining;
and releasing the tail top after spinning is finished, and demolding after the part is cooled.
Further, in the step of spin forming, the multi-pass spin forming to obtain the formed aluminum alloy lining includes:
first spinning; the first-pass spinning adopts R20 single spinning wheel spinning to ensure that a spherical area with the part height of 74.8mm is completely attached to the die, the spinning wheels are replaced after the first-pass spinning is finished, and the left and right spinning wheels are replaced by R30 double spinning wheels;
spinning for the second pass; the blank is normally rotated and laid down by adopting a double-rotating-wheel spinning mode in the second-pass spinning mode, the included angle between the blank and a core mold is reduced to 60 degrees from 90 degrees, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 80r/min, the strong-rotation feeding speed is 110mm/min, and the normal-rotation feeding speed is 260 mm/min;
combining and spinning; the rear part adopts a spinning mode of combining multi-pass normal spinning and strong spinning.
Further, in the step of spin forming, the combined spin forming specifically includes:
the outer diameter of the blank is gradually reduced by strong rotation section by section, the included angle between the blank and a core mould is reduced to 0 degree from 60 degrees until the spherical surface is completely attached to the mould, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 80r/min, the strong rotation feeding speed is 110mm/min, the normal rotation feeding speed is 260mm/min, the section is formed by multi-pass spinning, and the negative angle mould attachment effect is adopted for ensuring the straight section mould attachment effect in the last pass.
Further, in the annealing treatment step, the annealing temperature is 320 ℃ +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 165 min.
The invention also provides a spinning tool, which is used in the aluminum alloy lining spinning forming method, wherein the spinning tool comprises a core mold, an adapter plate, a tail top, a spinning wheel and a spinning wheel base;
the core die is fixedly connected with the adapter plate, the adapter plate is provided with a U-shaped notch and a boss, the U-shaped notch is used for aligning with a chuck T-shaped groove of the spinning equipment, and the boss is arranged in a chuck center circular hole of the spinning equipment and is fixedly connected with the chuck;
the tail top is fixed with the round blank and drives the round blank to move along with the core mold;
the spinning wheel includes first spinning wheel and second spinning wheel, first spinning wheel is the single spinning wheel of sphere R20 of height 74.8mm, the second spinning wheel is the double-spinning wheel of sphere R30, first spinning wheel with the second spinning wheel is all installed on the spinning wheel base that 45 set up.
The invention provides an aluminum alloy lining spin forming method, which can form ball products with complex molded surfaces, realize the integral forming of a pipe connecting group and a ball body, ensure that a formed workpiece meets the dimensional requirement of a design drawing, has higher precision, ensures the machining workload, reduces the number of welding seams, greatly reduces the welding quality defect and improves the production efficiency. Meanwhile, the forming method is strong in practicability, the process method and the tool spinning process are stable and reliable, the surface quality of the part is good, and no quality defect exists. Therefore, the method solves the quality problems of postweld deformation, welding defects and the like easily caused by the traditional welding forming scheme, and the spun part has good die attaching quality, high precision, good part consistency and higher part stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of a spin forming method for an aluminum alloy lining provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a spinning product of an aluminum alloy lining required to be processed and formed by the forming method provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a blank for the product of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a spinning tool provided in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a transfer plate in the spinning tool shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a tail top structure of the spinning tool shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first spinning wheel in the spinning tool shown in FIG. 4;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second spinning roller in the spinning tool shown in fig. 4.
Description of reference numerals:
100-aluminium alloy lining 200-blank
1-switching disc 2-tail top 3-first spinning wheel 4-second spinning wheel 5-core mould
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a spin forming method for an aluminum alloy lining provided in the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the invention provides an aluminum alloy lining spin-forming method for processing an aluminum alloy lining 100 as shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment, the aluminum alloy lining 100 is taken as an example, the aluminum alloy lining 100 is a standard revolving structure, a spherical surface is formed by combining multiple curvature radii, the height of a part is 374mm, the wall thickness of the part is 12-24 mm, and the material is 5a06 aluminum alloy.
The spinning forming method comprises the following steps:
s1: processing a blank; the alloy plate is processed into a circular blank 200 (shown in fig. 3) with a preset specification and a variable wall thickness, and the obtained circular blank 200 is subjected to heat treatment and flaw detection treatment.
In step S1, in the blank processing, the diameter of the blank 200 of the circular blank 200 with a variable wall thickness of the preset specification is 835mm, one end of the circular blank 200 has a tapered boss with a small end diameter of 43.8mm, and the heat treatment on the obtained circular blank 200 is specifically: the annealing temperature of the heat treatment is 320 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 165min, and the cooling mode is air cooling; the flaw detection treatment of the obtained circular blank 200 specifically comprises the following steps: the flaw detection treatment is ultrasonic flaw detection, the ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out according to GB/T6519, and the grade of 200 of the blank is not lower than grade A.
S2: preforming; the method comprises the steps of performing preforming processing on a circular blank 200 by adopting tail top 2 pier pressing with a spherical inner cavity, checking the highest point of the excircle of a spinning wheel of a spinning tool, and the circular runout of the cylindrical surface of an alignment core mold 5 and the spherical surface at the top by using a dial indicator, wherein the highest point of the excircle of the spinning wheel and the circular runout of the cylindrical surface of the alignment core mold 5 are not more than 0.1mm, the circular runout of the spherical surface at the top is not more than 0.2mm, and adjusting the gap between the spinning wheel and the spherical surface of the core mold. Before upsetting, the blank 200 is hung between the core mold 5 and the tail top 2 to ensure that the blank 200 is accurately placed in place, the tail top 2 is used for upsetting the blank 200, the pressure is adjusted to 10Mpa, so that the blank 200 is completely attached to the core mold 5, the contact surface between the tail top 2 and the blank 200 is ensured to be large enough during spinning, and the blank 200 and the core mold 5 do not move relatively during spinning.
S3: spinning and forming; clamping the qualified circular blank 200 subjected to flaw detection treatment on a spinning tool, starting a spinning device, and enabling the circular blank 200 to generate continuous plastic deformation under the action of axial force and radial force applied to a spinning wheel of the spinning tool by the spinning device so as to complete spinning forming of the circular blank 200 and obtain the hemispherical aluminum alloy lining 100;
in the step of S3 spin forming, the spin forming includes the steps of:
s31: preparing a molybdenum disulfide oil agent, coating molybdenum disulfide oil agent coatings on the outer circle surfaces of the core mold 5 and the circular blank 200, and continuously lubricating a spinning wheel in a spinning process;
s32: heating spinning is adopted, the circular blank 200 is preheated before spinning, the preheating time is 10min to 15min, an infrared thermometer detects that the heating temperature is 250 ℃ to 300 ℃, then spinning is started, and the temperature of the blank 200 at the front end of a spinning wheel is controlled to be 260 ℃ to 300 ℃ during the spinning process;
s33: performing multi-pass spinning to obtain a molded aluminum alloy lining 100;
s34: and (4) loosening the tail top 2 after the spinning is finished, and demolding after the part is cooled.
Further, in the step of S3 spin forming, the multi-pass spinning to obtain the formed aluminum alloy lining 100 includes:
first spinning; the first-pass spinning adopts R20 rounded single spinning wheel spinning to ensure that a spherical area with the part height of 74.8mm is completely attached to the die, the spinning wheel is replaced after the first-pass spinning is finished, and the left and right spinning wheels are replaced by R30;
spinning for the second pass; the blank 200 is normally rotated and laid down by adopting a double-rotating-wheel spinning mode in the second-pass spinning mode, the included angle between the blank 200 and the core mold 5 is ensured to be reduced to 60 degrees from 90 degrees, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 80r/min, the strong-rotation feeding speed is 110mm/min, and the normal-rotation feeding speed is 260 mm/min;
combining and spinning; the rear part adopts a spinning mode of combining multi-pass normal spinning and strong spinning.
In the step of S3 spin forming, the combined spin forming specifically includes:
the outer diameter of the blank 200 is gradually reduced by strong rotation section by section and normal rotation, the included angle between the blank 200 and the core mold 5 is reduced to 0 degree from 60 degrees until the spherical surface is completely adhered with the mold, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 80r/min, the strong rotation feeding speed is 110mm/min, the normal rotation feeding speed is 260mm/min, the section is formed by multi-pass spinning, and the negative angle mold adhering effect is adopted for the final pass to ensure the straight section mold adhering effect.
S4: annealing treatment; carrying out heat treatment stress relief annealing on the aluminum alloy lining 100 obtained by spinning forming; in the annealing treatment step of S5, the annealing temperature is 320 +/-10 ℃, and the holding time is 165 min.
S5: machining; the annealed aluminum alloy lining 100 is machined to remove the double-sided machining allowance.
The invention provides a spinning forming method of an aluminum alloy lining, which is suitable for forming aluminum alloy revolving body products with complicated part shapes, uneven wall thicknesses, high precision, large welding difficulty and integrally formed pipe connecting nozzles and spheres. Through the design of a pair of spinning tools and the setting of technological parameters such as a spinning tail top 2, an adapter plate 1, a spinning core mold 5, a spinning track, a spinning temperature, a spinning wheel radius and the like in a spinning forming process, the integral spinning forming of the aluminum alloy lining 100 is realized, compared with the existing welding process, the number of welding seams is reduced, and the risk of fracture of the welding seams is reduced. The method has strong applicability, and can make a spinning forming scheme of blank 200 state, spherical surface shearing spinning and laying heating spinning according to the structural characteristics of the spherical surface revolution body of the part, thereby realizing the integral spinning forming of the variable wall thickness aluminum alloy lining 100 pipe connecting nozzle and the ball body. The method can form ball products with complex molded surfaces, realizes the integral forming of the pipe connecting group and the ball body, ensures that workpieces after forming meet the size requirement of design drawings, has higher precision, ensures the workload of machining, reduces the number of welding seams, greatly reduces the welding quality defects, and improves the production efficiency. Meanwhile, the forming method is strong in practicability, the process method and the tool spinning process are stable and reliable, the surface quality of the part is good, and no quality defect exists. Therefore, the method solves the quality problems of postweld deformation, welding defects and the like easily caused by the traditional welding forming scheme, and the spun part has good die attaching quality, high precision, good part consistency and higher part stability.
In addition to the above-mentioned aluminum lining spin forming method, the present invention also provides a spin forming tool for the method, wherein the spin forming tool is installed on a spin forming device to clamp and install the aluminum alloy lining 100.
In a specific embodiment, the spinning tool provided by the invention is used in the aluminum alloy lining spinning forming method, as shown in fig. 4-8, the spinning tool comprises a core mold 5, an adapter plate 1, a tail top 2, a spinning wheel and a spinning wheel base; the core mold 5 is fixedly connected with the adapter plate 1, the adapter plate 1 is provided with a U-shaped notch and a boss, the U-shaped notch is used for aligning with a chuck T-shaped groove of the spinning equipment, and the boss is arranged in a chuck center circular hole of the spinning equipment and fixedly connected with the chuck; the tail top 2 is fixed with the round blank 200 and drives the round blank 200 to move along with the core mould 5; the spinning wheel includes first spinning wheel 3 and second spinning wheel 4, first spinning wheel 3 is the single spinning wheel of sphere R20 of height 74.8mm, second spinning wheel 4 is sphere R30 bispin wheel, first spinning wheel with the second spinning wheel is all installed on the spinning wheel base that 45 sets up.
Specifically, the core mold 5 is connected with the adapter plate 1 through a screw, a U-shaped notch of the adapter plate 1 is aligned with a T-shaped groove of the equipment chuck, a boss of the adapter plate 1 is arranged in a central circular hole of the equipment chuck and then fixed through a bolt, and a combined body of the core mold 5 and the adapter plate 1 rotates along with an equipment main shaft; the tail top 2 is used for fixing the blank 200 to move synchronously with the core mould 5, the spinning wheel is arranged on a 45-degree spinning wheel base, and the blank 200 is subjected to continuous plastic deformation under the action of axial force and radial force applied to the spinning wheel by equipment, so that the spinning forming of parts is finally realized.
In the preforming process, because the top of the part is a spherical surface and the center is a plane, the spinning wheel cannot spin the spherical center part due to limited equipment stroke, and the tail top 2 pier with the spherical inner cavity is adopted for pressing and preforming before spinning. Before the beginning, checking that the circle run-out of the highest point of the excircle of the spinning wheel is not more than 0.1mm by adopting a dial indicator, the circle run-out of the cylindrical surface of the alignment core mould 5 is not more than 0.1mm, and the circle run-out of the spherical surface at the top is not more than 0.2 mm; according to the final wall thickness requirement of the part and considering spinning resilience, the gap between the spinning wheel and the spherical surface (except the pier pressing area) of the core mould 5 is adjusted to be 12 mm. Before upsetting, the blank 200 and the core mold 5 are fixed, the blank 200 is hung between the core mold 5 and the tail top 2, the blank 200 and the tail top 2 are positioned through a boss, the blank 200 is accurately placed in place, the circle center of the blank 200 is heated to 260-300 ℃, the tail top 2 is used for upsetting the blank 200, the pressure is adjusted to 10Mpa, the blank 200 is completely attached to the core mold 5, the contact surface between the tail top 2 and the blank 200 is large enough during spinning, and the blank 200 and the core mold 5 do not move relatively in the spinning process.
In the spinning forming process, preparing a molybdenum disulfide oil solution, uniformly brushing a layer of secondary fluidized molybdenum oil solution on the outer circle surface of the core mold 5, and continuously lubricating a spinning wheel in the spinning process; heating spinning is adopted, the blank 200 is preheated before spinning, the preheating time is 10min to 15min, an infrared thermometer detects that the heating temperature is 260 ℃ to 300 ℃, then spinning is started, and the temperature of the blank 200 at the front end of a spinning wheel is controlled to be 260 ℃ to 300 ℃ during the spinning process; carrying out powerful spinning by adopting an R20 round-corner single spinning wheel, wherein the height of a spinning spherical surface is 74.8mm, and the spherical surface of the section is ensured to be attached to a die; after the blank 200 is cooled, the blank 200 and the R20 rotary wheel are disassembled, and the R30 rotary wheels are arranged on the two sides of the equipment; before the initial stage, checking that the circle run-out of the highest point of the excircle of the spinning wheels at two sides is not more than 0.1mm by using a dial indicator, and the clearance between the spinning wheels and the core mould 5 is 12 mm; adopting a spinning mode of five-path strong spinning and five-section normal spinning, gradually attaching the tire by sections through the strong spinning, gradually reducing the outer diameter of the blank 200 through the normal spinning, reducing the included angle between the blank 200 and the core mold 5 from 90 degrees to 0 degrees, adopting negative angle spinning at the final pass closing, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 80r/min, the strong spinning feeding speed is 110mm/min, and the normal spinning feeding speed is 260 mm/min; and after the rotation is finished, the tail top 2 is released, and the part is demoulded after being cooled.
The invention provides an aluminum alloy lining spin forming method, which can form ball products with complex molded surfaces, realize the integral forming of a pipe connecting group and a ball body, ensure that a formed workpiece meets the dimensional requirement of a design drawing, has higher precision, ensures the machining workload, reduces the number of welding seams, greatly reduces the welding quality defect and improves the production efficiency. Meanwhile, the forming method is strong in practicability, the process method and the tool spinning process are stable and reliable, the surface quality of the part is good, and no quality defect exists. Therefore, the method solves the quality problems of postweld deformation, welding defects and the like easily caused by the traditional welding forming scheme, and the spun part has good die attaching quality, high precision, good part consistency and higher part stability.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The spinning forming method of the aluminum alloy lining is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
processing a blank; processing an alloy plate into a circular blank with a preset specification and a variable wall thickness, and carrying out heat treatment and flaw detection treatment on the obtained circular blank;
preforming; performing the circular blank by adopting tail top pier pressing with a spherical inner cavity, heating the circle center of the circular blank to 260-300 ℃, and pressing the circular blank by using the tail top pier;
spinning and forming; clamping the qualified round blank subjected to flaw detection treatment in a spinning tool, wherein the spinning tool comprises a core mold, a tail top with a spherical surface inner cavity and a spinning wheel, the tail top is used for fixing the round blank to move synchronously with the core mold, spinning equipment is started, and the round blank is subjected to continuous plastic deformation under the action of axial force and radial force applied to the spinning wheel of the spinning tool by the spinning equipment so as to finish the spinning forming of the round blank and obtain a hemispherical aluminum alloy lining;
the spinning forming is carried out by multi-pass spinning to obtain the formed aluminum alloy lining, and the multi-pass spinning comprises the following steps:
first spinning; the first-pass spinning adopts R20 single spinning wheel spinning to ensure that a spherical area with the part height of 74.8mm is completely attached to the die, the spinning wheels are replaced after the first-pass spinning is finished, and the left and right spinning wheels are replaced by R30 double spinning wheels;
spinning for the second pass; the blank is normally rotated and laid down by adopting a double-rotating-wheel spinning mode in the second-pass spinning mode, the included angle between the blank and a core mold is reduced to 60 degrees from 90 degrees, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 80r/min, and the normal spinning feeding speed is 260 mm/min;
combining and spinning; the rear part adopts a spinning mode combining multi-pass normal spinning and strong spinning; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the tire is attached in a strong rotation section by section, the outer diameter of the blank is gradually reduced in a normal rotation mode, the included angle between the blank and a core mold is reduced to 0 degree from 60 degrees until the spherical surface is completely attached to the mold, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 80r/min, the strong rotation feeding speed is 110mm/min, the normal rotation feeding speed is 260mm/min, the section is formed in a multi-pass spinning mode, and the negative angle mold attachment effect is adopted in the last pass for ensuring the straight section mold attachment effect;
annealing treatment; carrying out heat treatment stress relief annealing on the aluminum alloy lining obtained by spinning forming;
machining; and machining the aluminum alloy lining subjected to annealing treatment to remove double-sided machining allowance.
2. The aluminum alloy lining spin forming method of claim 1,
the preforming further comprises the following steps:
and checking the highest point of the excircle of the spinning wheel of the spinning tool and the circular runout of the cylindrical surface of the centering core mold and the spherical surface at the top by using a dial indicator, wherein the highest point of the excircle of the spinning wheel and the circular runout of the cylindrical surface of the centering core mold are not more than 0.1mm, the circular runout of the spherical surface at the top is not more than 0.2mm, and adjusting the gap between the spinning wheel and the spherical surface of the core mold to ensure that the gap is 12 mm.
3. The aluminum alloy lining spin forming method of claim 1,
in the step of blank processing, the blank diameter of the preset-specification variable-wall-thickness round blank is 835mm, and one end of the round blank is provided with a conical boss with the small end diameter of 43.8 mm.
4. The spinning forming method of the aluminum alloy lining as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of blank processing, the heat treatment of the obtained round blank is specifically:
the annealing temperature of the heat treatment is 320 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 165min, and the cooling mode is air cooling.
5. The spinning forming method of the aluminum alloy lining as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of blank processing, the flaw detection treatment of the obtained round blank is specifically:
the flaw detection treatment is ultrasonic flaw detection, the ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out according to GB/T6519, and the grade of the blank is required to be not lower than grade A.
6. The aluminum alloy lining spin forming method of claim 4, wherein in the spin forming step, the spin forming includes the steps of:
preparing a molybdenum disulfide oil agent, coating a molybdenum disulfide oil agent coating on the outer circle surfaces of the core mold and the circular blank, and continuously lubricating a spinning wheel in the spinning process;
heating spinning is adopted, the circular blank is preheated before spinning, the preheating time is 10-15 min, an infrared thermometer detects that the heating temperature is 250-300 ℃, then spinning is started, and the blank at the front end of a spinning wheel is controlled to be 260-300 ℃ during the spinning process;
performing multi-pass spinning to obtain a formed aluminum alloy lining;
and releasing the tail top after spinning is finished, and demolding after the part is cooled.
7. The spin forming method of aluminum alloy lining of claim 1, wherein in the annealing step, the annealing temperature is 320 ℃ ± 10 ℃ and the holding time is 165 min.
8. A spinning tool is used in the spinning forming method of the aluminum alloy lining according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized in that the spinning tool comprises a core mold, an adapter plate, a tail top, a spinning wheel and a spinning wheel base;
the core die is fixedly connected with the adapter plate, the adapter plate is provided with a U-shaped notch and a boss, the U-shaped notch is used for aligning with a chuck T-shaped groove of the spinning equipment, and the boss is arranged in a chuck center circular hole of the spinning equipment and is fixedly connected with the chuck;
the tail top is fixed with the round blank and drives the round blank to move along with the core mold, and the tail top is provided with a spherical inner cavity and is used for upsetting so as to perform preforming on the round blank;
the spinning wheel includes first spinning wheel and second spinning wheel, first spinning wheel is the single spinning wheel of sphere R20 of height 74.8mm, the second spinning wheel is the double-spinning wheel of sphere R30, first spinning wheel with the second spinning wheel is all installed on the spinning wheel base that 45 set up.
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| CN100486728C (en) * | 2005-09-12 | 2009-05-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High precision spinning forming method for thin wall closing head with radius-thickness ratio less than three per mille |
| CN102091736B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2013-01-16 | 西北工业大学 | Core mold for spinning and forming large-size complex curved generatrix thin-wall member with transverse inner ribs |
| KR20140123319A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2014-10-22 | 이남영 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing seamless hollow tube by slope-rolling using hollow bar |
| CN104607519B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-08-24 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Aluminum alloys tank Loadings On Hemispherical Shell manufacturing process |
| CN105107917B (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-12-22 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of tank Loadings On Hemispherical Shell manufacturing process for improving mechanical property |
| CN107876615A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-06 | 叶泽龙 | A kind of thin-wall aluminum alloy end socket auxiliary mask mould pressing frock and its forming technology |
| CN108580638B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2020-02-14 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Spinning forming method for thin-wall aluminum alloy special-shaped component with large length-diameter ratio |
| CN208067054U (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-11-09 | 广东博赛数控机床有限公司 | A kind of cavity liner spinning machine |
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- 2018-11-19 CN CN201811376749.0A patent/CN109514190B/en active Active
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