CN112621111B - Processing method of large-diameter conical core rod with holes - Google Patents
Processing method of large-diameter conical core rod with holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN112621111B CN112621111B CN202011281904.8A CN202011281904A CN112621111B CN 112621111 B CN112621111 B CN 112621111B CN 202011281904 A CN202011281904 A CN 202011281904A CN 112621111 B CN112621111 B CN 112621111B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention provides a processing method of a large-diameter cone core rod with holes, which comprises the following steps: 1) Machining a cone core rod main body; 2) Processing a 60-degree taper hole on the end face of the plug; 3) Roughly machining the end face of a 60-degree taper hole and the taper hole; 4) Rough polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole; 5) And finishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole by polishing to finish the processing of the taper core rod. The invention improves the precision of the matching of the 60-degree taper hole and the center in principle, ensures the requirement of the jump precision of the taper core rod, is suitable for processing shaft parts with larger diameter and length and high jump precision, and can control the jump precision of the taper core rod within 0.003mm in the processing of the taper core rod or the straight core rod with the same kind and different sizes, thereby having certain popularization significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a machining method of a large-diameter conical core rod with a hole.
Background
The cone circle of the cone core rod is difficult to process by a grinding process, and the final technical requirement is generally that the cone circle is processed by a high-precision external grinding process. The runout precision of the conical core rod is mainly related to the shape and position precision of the central hole. The manufacturing error of the center hole influences the contact effect of the center hole and the center locating surface, so that the axis of the part is inconsistent with the rotation center of the machine tool, and the jump of the cone core rod is out of tolerance. In the manufacturing of the high-precision cone (straight) mandrel, the center hole is repeatedly polished and corrected before the process of grinding the outer circle, so that the shape and position precision of the center hole are improved, the polished center hole conical surface also has higher surface quality and shape and position precision, and a good fitting effect is obtained with the outer grinding center, but the polished center hole conical surface still has certain microscopic unevenness, and the actual contact mode of the center hole and the center is disordered point and line contact. The more such disordered contact means, the more difficult it is to ensure the precision of the tapered mandrel. In the external grinding processing of the large-diameter hole-carrying conical core rod, the conical surface of the central hole is pressed by the larger centrifugal force generated by rotation due to the larger dead weight of the conical core rod, so that the actual surface morphology of the central hole in operation is difficult to maintain steady state, and errors are generated. The larger the diameter of the conical core rod is, the stronger the force generated during rotation is, and the larger the pressing on the central hole is, so that the jumping precision of the conical core rod is difficult to ensure. In addition, such errors are present during the processing, and are difficult to correct before the process is performed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that when the diameter of the conical core rod is large, the jumping precision of the conical core rod is difficult to ensure, the invention provides a processing method of the large-diameter conical core rod with holes, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:
the processing method of the large-diameter hole-carrying conical core rod comprises the following steps:
1) Processing a cone core rod main body, boring a cone core rod center through hole and connecting holes matched with plugs at two ends of the cone core rod, wherein the jumping error of the connecting holes relative to the excircle of the cone core rod is within 0.1 mm, and connecting the plugs with the connecting holes at two ends of the cone core rod;
2) Processing end face of plugThe straight hole is provided with a 60-degree taper hole at the joint of the straight hole and the end surface, the axial length of the 60-degree taper hole is not more than 1 mm, and the jump error of the taper circle of the opposite taper core rod is within 0.1 mm;
3) Rough machining an end face of a 60-degree taper hole and the 60-degree taper hole: machining the length of the 60-degree taper hole to 0.5-0.6 mm, roughly grinding the 60-degree taper hole, relatively clamping the reference runout to be not more than 0.005mm, and polishing the top hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe to ensure that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m;
4) Rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole and the 60-degree taper hole: polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.3-0.4 mm, semi-finely grinding the 60-degree taper hole, and polishing a top hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe, wherein the relative clamping datum runout is not more than 0.005mm, so that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m;
5) Finish polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: aging treatment is carried out, then the end face of the 60-degree taper hole is polished by a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.15-0.2 mm, the 60-degree taper hole is finely polished, the relative clamping datum runout is not more than 0.003mm, then the top hole is polished by a hard alloy tip of a lathe, the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m, and the processing of the taper core rod is completed.
Further defined, the step 3) specifically comprises: rough machining of end faces of 60-degree taper holes: the fixture on the grinding machine is used for propping up the 60-degree taper holes of plugs at two ends of the taper core rod, the taper core rod and the plugs are fixed on the grinding machine, and the length of the 60-degree taper holes is ground to 0.5-0.6 mm; then, on a grinding machine, aligning and grinding the end face, using a small-diameter grinding wheel with the diameter not more than 4mm, grinding a 60-degree taper hole by using a high-speed grinding head to ensure that the rotating speed is more than 30000r/min, and ensuring that the runout error is not more than 0.005mm after grinding; and then polishing and grinding the 60-degree taper hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe, wherein the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m.
Further defined, the step 4) specifically comprises: rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: performing heat treatment on the conical core rod, then tightly pushing 60-degree conical holes of plugs at two ends of the conical core rod by using a clamp on a grinding machine, fixing the conical core rod and the plugs on a grinding machine, and performing rough grinding on the end face of the 60-degree conical hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree conical hole is 0.3-0.4 mm; and then grinding the 60-degree taper hole by aligning the end face after semi-finish grinding, wherein the runout of the end face is not more than 0.005mm relative to a clamping reference, then polishing the 60-degree taper hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe, grinding a taper circle by using the 60-degree taper hole after semi-finish grinding, wherein the surface roughness is not more than 0.2 mu m, and the runout error is not more than 0.008 mm.
And further limiting that the step 5) is consistent with the step 4), and controlling the jump error after grinding the 60-degree taper hole to be not more than 0.003mm and the length to be 0.15-0.2 mm.
Further limited, the connection mode of the plug and the conical core rod in the step 1) is welding.
Further limited, the cone core rod and the plug are both made of CrMn steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the structure of the plug central holes at the two ends of the conical core rod is changed, so that the common B-shaped central hole of the common conical core rod is changed into the improved A-shaped central hole. And then the end face of the plug and the taper hole are respectively processed in different working procedures, the length of the 60-degree taper hole is gradually reduced to the optimal size, (the end face of the 60-degree taper hole of the plug is firstly subjected to rough grinding and then to finish grinding, in the rough grinding process, the end face of the 60-degree taper hole is ground to 0.3-0.4 mm by using a grinding wheel, the length of the 60-degree taper hole after grinding leaves a machining allowance of 0.2-0.25 mm, the runout error is not more than 0.2mm, so that the number of disordered points and lines in the 60-degree taper hole is reduced, in the finish grinding process, the end face of the 60-degree taper hole is ground by using the grinding wheel, the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.15-0.2 mm, so that the end face of the 60-degree taper hole can bear the centrifugal force effect when the part rotates and maintain a certain precision, and the two end 60-degree taper holes after grinding have higher runout precision relative to the axis of the part. The precision of the 60-degree taper hole and the center is improved in principle, and the jump precision requirement of the taper core rod is ensured.
2. The structure of the plug is suitable for processing shaft parts with larger diameter and length and high jumping precision, can control the jumping precision of the cone core rod within 0.003mm, and has certain popularization significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conical core rod;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plug structure;
wherein, 1-first end cap, 2-awl plug main part, 3-second end cap.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
The invention discloses a processing method of a large-diameter hole-carrying cone core rod, which comprises the following steps:
1) Processing a cone core rod main body 2, boring a cone core rod center through hole and connecting holes matched with plugs at two ends of the cone core rod, wherein the runout error of the connecting holes relative to the outer circle of the cone core rod is within 0.1 mm, and connecting the plugs with the connecting holes at two ends of the cone core rod;
2) Processing a 60-degree taper hole of the end face of the plug, wherein the length of the 60-degree taper hole is not more than 1 mm, and the jumping error is within 0.1 mm;
3) Rough machining of end faces of 60-degree taper holes: machining the length of the 60-degree taper hole to 0.5-0.6 mm, roughly grinding the 60-degree taper hole, relatively clamping the reference runout to be not more than 0.005mm, and polishing the top hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe to ensure that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m;
4) Rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.3-0.4 mm, polishing the 60-degree taper hole, and polishing a top hole by using a hard alloy tip of a lathe, wherein the relative clamping datum runout is not more than 0.005mm, so that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2μm;
5) Finish polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: aging treatment is carried out, then the end face of the 60-degree taper hole is polished by a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.15-0.2 mm, the 60-degree taper hole is finely polished, the relative clamping datum runout is not more than 0.003mm, then the top hole is polished by a hard alloy tip of a lathe, the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m, and the processing of the taper core rod is completed.
Preferably, the step 3) specifically comprises: rough machining of end faces of 60-degree taper holes: and (3) tightly pushing the 60-degree taper holes of plugs at two ends of the taper core rod by using a clamp on a grinding machine, fixing the taper core rod and the plugs on the grinding machine, and grinding the length of the 60-degree taper holes to 0.5-0.6 mm.
Preferably, the step 4) specifically comprises: rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the conical core rod, then, tightly pushing 60-degree conical holes of plugs at two ends of the conical core rod by using a clamp on a grinding machine, fixing the conical core rod and the plugs on a grinding machine, and carrying out rough grinding on the end face of the 60-degree conical hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree conical hole is 0.3-0.4 mm.
Preferably, in the step 1), the connection mode of the plug and the cone core rod is welding.
Preferably, the cone core rod and the plug are both made of CrMn steel.
The length-diameter ratio of the conical core rod main body 2 is 5:1.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the tapered core rod processed in this embodiment is composed of a tapered core rod main body 2 and two tapered core rods respectively connected to each otherThe first plug 1 and the second plug 3 at two ends of the conical core rod main body 2 are formed, and the length of the conical core rod main body 2 in this embodiment is: 320mm, the diameter of the conical mandrel body 2 is: 65mm,60 ° taper hole diameter is: small head diameterThe processing method of the large-diameter cone core rod with the hole comprises the following steps:
1) Processing a cone core rod main body 2, boring a cone core rod central through hole and connecting holes matched with plugs at two ends of the cone core rod, reserving 2mm of processing allowance for the cone core rod central through hole, controlling the jumping error of the connecting holes relative to cone circles of the cone core rod within 0.1 mm, and welding the plugs and the connecting holes at two ends of the cone core rod in a tin soldering mode;
2) Machining a 60-degree taper hole on the end face of the plug, wherein the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 1 mm, and the jumping error is 0.1 mm;
3) Rough machining of end faces of 60-degree taper holes: the fixture on the grinding machine is used for propping up the 60-degree taper holes of plugs at two ends of the taper core rod, the taper core rod and the plugs are fixed on the grinding machine, and the length of the 60-degree taper holes is ground to 0.5 mm;
4) Rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: and (3) carrying out heat treatment (conventional heat treatment) on the conical core rod, then, tightly pushing 60-degree conical holes of plugs at two ends of the conical core rod by using a clamp on a grinding machine, fixing the conical core rod and the plugs on a grinding machine, carrying out rough grinding on the end face of the 60-degree conical hole by using a grinding wheel, grinding until the length of the 60-degree conical hole is 0.4 mm, semi-accurately grinding the 60-degree conical hole, and relatively clamping the reference runout is not more than 0.005mm.
5) Finish polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: and (3) performing aging treatment, polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.2mm, and finishing the processing of the taper core rod.
Example 2
The cone core rod processed in this embodiment is composed of a cone core rod main body 2 and a first plug 1 and a second plug 3 respectively connected to two ends of the cone core rod main body 2, and the length of the cone core rod main body 2 in this embodiment is: 220mm, the diameter of the conical core rod main body 2 is: 65 The diameter of the 60-degree taper hole is as follows: small head diameterThe processing method of the large-diameter cone core rod with the hole comprises the following steps:
1) Processing a cone core rod main body 2, boring a cone core rod center through hole and connecting holes matched with plugs at two ends of the cone core rod, controlling the jumping error of the cone core rod connecting holes relative to cone circles of the cone core rod within 0.05 mm, and welding the plugs and the connecting holes at two ends of the cone core rod in a tin soldering mode;
2) Machining a 60-degree taper hole on the end face of the plug, wherein the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 1 mm, and the jumping error is 0.05 mm;
3) Rough machining of end faces of 60-degree taper holes: the method comprises the steps of (1) tightly propping up 60-degree taper holes of plugs at two ends of a taper core rod by using a clamp on a grinding machine, fixing the taper core rod and the plugs on the grinding machine, grinding the length of the 60-degree taper holes to 0.6 mm, then roughly grinding the 60-degree taper holes on the grinding machine, enabling the relative clamping datum runout to be not more than 0.005mm, and then polishing a top hole by using a hard alloy tip on the grinding machine, so that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2μm;
4) Rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the conical core rod, then, tightly propping up 60-degree conical holes of plugs at two ends of the conical core rod by using a clamp on a grinding machine, fixing the conical core rod and the plugs on a grinding machine, carrying out rough grinding on the end face of the 60-degree conical hole by using a grinding wheel, grinding until the length of the 60-degree conical hole is 0.3 mm, grinding the 60-degree conical hole, relatively clamping the reference runout to be not more than 0.003mm, and then polishing a top hole by using a hard alloy tip on the lathe, thereby ensuring that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m.
5) Finish polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: and (3) carrying out aging treatment, polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.15 mm, roughly grinding the 60-degree taper hole, jumping to a clamping reference is not more than 0.003mm, polishing a top hole by using a hard alloy tip of a lathe, ensuring that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m, and finishing the processing of the taper core rod.
Claims (6)
1. The processing method of the large-diameter hole-carrying conical core rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Machining a cone core rod main body (2), boring a cone core rod center through hole and connecting holes matched with plugs at two ends of the cone core rod, wherein the runout error of the connecting holes relative to the outer circle of the cone core rod is within 0.1 mm, and connecting the plugs with the connecting holes at two ends of the cone core rod;
2) Processing end face of plugThe straight hole is provided with a 60-degree taper hole at the joint of the straight hole and the end surface, the axial length of the 60-degree taper hole is not more than 1 mm, and the jump error of the taper circle of the opposite taper core rod is within 0.1 mm;
3) Rough machining an end face of a 60-degree taper hole and the 60-degree taper hole: machining the length of the 60-degree taper hole to 0.5-0.6 mm, roughly grinding the 60-degree taper hole, relatively clamping the reference runout to be not more than 0.005mm, and polishing the top hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe to ensure that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m;
4) Rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole and the 60-degree taper hole: polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.3-0.4 mm, semi-finely grinding the 60-degree taper hole, and polishing a top hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe, wherein the relative clamping datum runout is not more than 0.005mm, so that the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m;
5) Finish polishing the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: aging treatment is carried out, then the end face of the 60-degree taper hole is polished by a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree taper hole is 0.15-0.2 mm, the 60-degree taper hole is finely polished, the relative clamping datum runout is not more than 0.003mm, then the top hole is polished by a hard alloy tip of a lathe, the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m, and the processing of the taper core rod is completed.
2. The method for processing the large-diameter hole-carrying conical mandrel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises: rough machining of end faces of 60-degree taper holes: the tips at two ends of the grinding machine are used for propping up 60-degree taper holes of plugs at two ends of the taper core rod, the taper core rod and the plugs are fixed on the grinding machine, and the length of the 60-degree taper holes is ground to 0.5-0.6 mm; then, on a grinding machine, aligning and grinding the end face, using a small-diameter grinding wheel with the diameter not more than 4mm, grinding a 60-degree taper hole by using a high-speed grinding head to ensure that the rotating speed is more than 30000r/min, and ensuring that the runout error is not more than 0.005mm after grinding; and then polishing and grinding the 60-degree taper hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe, wherein the surface roughness is not more than Ra0.2mu m.
3. The method for processing a large-diameter tapered mandrel with holes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step 4) specifically comprises: rough grinding the end face of the 60-degree taper hole: performing heat treatment on the conical core rod, then tightly pushing 60-degree conical holes of plugs at two ends of the conical core rod by using a clamp on a grinding machine, fixing the conical core rod and the plugs on a grinding machine, and performing rough grinding on the end face of the 60-degree conical hole by using a grinding wheel until the length of the 60-degree conical hole is 0.3-0.4 mm; and then grinding the 60-degree taper hole by aligning the end face after semi-finish grinding, wherein the runout of the end face is not more than 0.005mm relative to a clamping reference, then polishing the 60-degree taper hole by using a hard alloy tip on a lathe, grinding a taper circle by using the 60-degree taper hole after semi-finish grinding, wherein the surface roughness is not more than 0.2 mu m, and the runout error is not more than 0.008 mm.
4. The method for machining a large-diameter hole-carrying conical mandrel according to claim 3, wherein the step 5) is consistent with the step 4), and the jump error after grinding of the 60-degree conical hole is controlled to be not more than 0.003mm, and the length is controlled to be 0.15-0.2 mm.
5. The method for manufacturing a large diameter hole-carrying tapered mandrel as claimed in claim 4, wherein the plug and the tapered mandrel in the step 1) are connected by welding.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the tapered mandrel and the plug are both made of CrMn steel.
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| CN202011281904.8A CN112621111B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Processing method of large-diameter conical core rod with holes |
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| CN202011281904.8A CN112621111B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Processing method of large-diameter conical core rod with holes |
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| CN112621111B true CN112621111B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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| CN115446636B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-05-31 | 上海汀树科技有限公司 | Lathe inner expanding clamp with adjustable length and application method thereof |
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