CN109511584A - A kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to loach breeding technical fields, especially a kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method, including pond selection, mud fermentation, pond backfill, cultivation water chestnut, launch loach seedlings and breeding management totally six steps, using loach and water chestnut mixing plant breeding model, realize complementary effect, the yield and quality of loach can not only be improved, while the yield of water chestnut can also be improved, there is significant economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to loach breeding technical field, especially a kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method.
Background technique
Loach happiness yin is afraid of sun, is bottom temperate water fishes, and the light delicacy of meat is the aquatic products of low fat, high protein,
Title with " ginseng in water ", is well received by consumers, however during the broiling summer, when water temperature rises to 30 DEG C or more,
The appetite of loach will be decreased obviously, and then influence the normal growth of loach, reduce the yield and quality of loach.
Water chestnut also known as waist water chestnut, Shui Li, water chestnut, water chestnut are real, are the fruits of annual herb water plant water chestnut, water chestnut is sweet in flavor,
Flat, nontoxic, skin crisp meat U.S. is peeled off edible, can also cook gruel food after boiling；Compendium of Material Medica is recorded: " water chestnut energy tonifying spleen and stomach, strong stock
Knee is good for power QI invigorating, and Tapioca starch congee can solve interior heat beneficial to stomach and intestine, and the elderly's often feeding is beneficial " ancients think and eat water chestnut and can mend five
It is dirty, all kinds of diseases and ailments are removed, and can make light of one's life by commiting suicide, it is so-called to make light of one's life by commiting suicide, it is exactly defatting beauty effect, because water chestnut is free of the fat for making one to get fat；Water chestnut
There is diuresis to promote lactation, quench the thirst, relieve the effect of alcohol for angle protein rich in, unsaturated fatty acid and multivitamin and microelement
Effect of poison.
Currently, the principal element of loach breeding benefit is that the loach speed of growth is slow, efficiency of feed utilization is low, loach constitution compared with
It is weak, seriously constrain the sound development of loach breeding industry, and during cultivating water chestnut, the requirement to fertilizer is not also low, cultivation at
This is higher, is based on this, and the present invention combines loach breeding and cultivating water chestnut, realizes complementary effect, reduces aquaculture cost, expands
The cultivation approach of loach promotes the development of loach industry, increases economic efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of loach and water chestnut eco-species
The method of supporting, comprising the following steps:
(1) pond selects: selecting area is 2.5-3.5 mus, and bottom of pond silt depth is the pond of 5-10cm thickness；
(2) mud ferment: by watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mix, crush, be added Pond Silt and
Pond Silt quality 1-3% calcium carbonate, pours into fermentation vat after mixing, the leavening of its quality 0.3-0.6%, room temperature is added
Ferment 3-5d, obtains fermentation mud；
(3) pond backfills: fermentation mud being backfilled pond bottom, with a thickness of 5-10cm, surface is according still further to 20-25kg per acre
Amount is uniformly sprinkled into land plaster, stands 5-8d；
(4) cultivate water chestnut: the adjustment pond depth of water is 0.8-1.2m, is uniformly sprinkled into water chestnut seed according to 3-5kg per acre, is cultivated
40-50d；
(5) loach seedlings are launched: launching loach seedlings into pond, according to dispensing ten thousand tail of 1-1.5 per acre；
(6) breeding management: annual top dressing is primary, according to being sprinkled into compound fertilizer 5-10kg per acre；Natural bait is periodically launched, is thrown
It is high-volume the 5-10% of loach weight.
The Pond Silt, watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn, corn stover mass ratio be 5:3:2:1:1.
After step (1) watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mixing, using carbonization treatment.
350-450 DEG C of temperature of the carbonization treatment, time 20-30min.
The leavening be bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria according to etc. mass ratioes mix.
The loach seedlings use the salt water dipping bath 8-10min of 3-5% before putting in a suitable place to breed.
The natural bait is maggot, earthworm, any in fish meal.
The mass ratio of N P and K is 1:(0.2-0.3 in the compound fertilizer): (0.4-0.6).
Beneficial effect
1. the present invention uses loach and water chestnut mixing plant breeding model, the excreta of loach can provide fertilizer for water chestnut, and
Water chestnut belongs to floating plant, and in torridity summer, can keep the sun off the direct projection water surface, to reduce water surface temperature, reduces strong light pair
The harm of water quality and loach.
2. the present invention is fermented by the way that watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover are added in mud, effectively
The middle nutrient of abundant mud and the water environment for improving pond can not only promote loach that can absorb nourishment in mud substance,
Improve the yield and quality of loach, moreover it is possible to which abundant water body promotes the growth of water chestnut, promotes the yield of water chestnut.
3. handling by top dressing, water chestnut is enabled to be drawn to sufficient nutrient, and then reduce the probability of morbidity or death；
By supplementing bait, the food source of loach is further strengthened, so that loach has sufficient nutrient source during the growth process.
4. breeding method of the present invention includes pond selection, mud fermentation, pond backfill, cultivation water chestnut, launches loach seedlings and kind
Totally six steps are realized complementary effect, can not only be improved the production of loach using loach and water chestnut mixing plant breeding model for feeding management
Amount and quality, while the yield of water chestnut can also be improved, there is significant economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
Tuberculosis specific embodiment is limited technical solution of the present invention is further below, but claimed
Range is not only limited to made description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pond selects: selecting area is 2.5 mu, and bottom of pond silt depth is the pond of 5cm thickness；
(2) mud ferment: by watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mix, crush, be added Pond Silt and
1% calcium carbonate of Pond Silt quality, pours into fermentation vat after mixing, and the leavening of its quality 0.3%, normal temperature fermentation 3- is added
5d obtains fermentation mud；
(3) pond backfills: fermentation mud being backfilled pond bottom, with a thickness of 5cm, surface is uniform according still further to 20kg amount per acre
It is sprinkled into land plaster, stands 5d；
(4) cultivate water chestnut: the adjustment pond depth of water is 0.8m, is uniformly sprinkled into water chestnut seed according to 3kg per acre, cultivates 40d；
(5) loach seedlings are launched: launching loach seedlings into pond, according to 10,000 tails of dispensing per acre；
(6) breeding management: annual top dressing is primary, according to being sprinkled into compound fertilizer 5kg per acre；Natural bait is periodically launched, is launched
Amount is the 5% of loach weight.
The Pond Silt, watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn, corn stover mass ratio be 5:3:2:1:1.
After step (1) watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mixing, using carbonization treatment.
Described 350 DEG C of carbonization treatment temperature, time 20min.
The leavening be bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria according to etc. mass ratioes mix.
The loach seedlings put in a suitable place to breed before with 3% salt water dipping bath 8min.
The natural bait is maggot.
The mass ratio of N P and K is 1:0.2:0.4 in the compound fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pond selects: selecting area is 3.5 mu, and bottom of pond silt depth is the pond of 10cm thickness；
(2) mud ferment: by watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mix, crush, be added Pond Silt and
3% calcium carbonate of Pond Silt quality, pours into fermentation vat after mixing, and the leavening of its quality 0.6%, normal temperature fermentation is added
5d obtains fermentation mud；
(3) pond backfills: fermentation mud being backfilled pond bottom, with a thickness of 10cm, surface is equal according still further to 25kg amount per acre
It is even to be sprinkled into land plaster, stand 8d；
(4) cultivate water chestnut: the adjustment pond depth of water is 1.2m, is uniformly sprinkled into water chestnut seed according to 5kg per acre, cultivates 50d；
(5) loach seedlings are launched: launching loach seedlings into pond, according to 1.5 ten thousand tails of dispensing per acre；
(6) breeding management: annual top dressing is primary, according to being sprinkled into compound fertilizer 10kg per acre；Natural bait is periodically launched, is launched
Amount is the 10% of loach weight.
The Pond Silt, watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn, corn stover mass ratio be 5:3:2:1:1.
After step (1) watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mixing, using carbonization treatment.
Described 450 DEG C of carbonization treatment temperature, time 30min.
The leavening be bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria according to etc. mass ratioes mix.
The loach seedlings put in a suitable place to breed before with 5% salt water dipping bath 10min.
The natural bait is earthworm.
The mass ratio of N P and K is 1:0.3:0.6 in the compound fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pond selects: selecting area is 3 mu, and bottom of pond silt depth is the pond of 8cm thickness；
(2) mud ferment: by watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mix, crush, be added Pond Silt and
1.5% calcium carbonate of Pond Silt quality, pours into fermentation vat after mixing, and the leavening of its quality 0.5%, normal temperature fermentation is added
5d obtains fermentation mud；
(3) pond backfills: fermentation mud being backfilled pond bottom, with a thickness of 8cm, surface is uniform according still further to 22kg amount per acre
It is sprinkled into land plaster, stands 7d；
(4) cultivate water chestnut: the adjustment pond depth of water is 1m, is uniformly sprinkled into water chestnut seed according to 4kg per acre, cultivates 45d；
(5) loach seedlings are launched: launching loach seedlings into pond, according to 1.2 ten thousand tails of dispensing per acre；
(6) breeding management: annual top dressing is primary, according to being sprinkled into compound fertilizer 7kg per acre；Natural bait is periodically launched, is launched
Amount is the 8% of loach weight.
The Pond Silt, watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn, corn stover mass ratio be 5:3:2:1:1.
After step (1) watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mixing, using carbonization treatment.
Described 400 DEG C of carbonization treatment temperature, time 25min.
The leavening be bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria according to etc. mass ratioes mix.
The loach seedlings put in a suitable place to breed before with 3.5% salt water dipping bath 10min.
The natural bait is fish meal.
The mass ratio of N P and K is 1:0.2:0.5 in the compound fertilizer.
Test example 1
Test group is with the cultural method of embodiment 1-3, and test group A is used with the identical technical solution of embodiment 1, and difference exists
In not to mud progress fermentation process；Experimental group B is used with the identical technical solution of embodiment 2, and difference is, not in pond
Transplant water chestnut；Control group C is using conventional method for cultivating water chestnut；Control group D is using conventional pond loach breeding method；To three kinds
The loach of mode cultivation and water chestnut cultivation situation are counted, as a result such as the following table 1:
| Group | Loach rate of growth % | Loach survival rate % | Feed coefficient | Water chestnut rate of growth % |
| Embodiment 1 | 16.7 | 78.1 | 1.4 | 10.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 15.3 | 76.3 | 1.4 | 11.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 18.4 | 83.9 | 1.3 | 13.7 |
| Test group A | 11.3 | 64.2 | 1.5 | 3.6 |
| Experiment group B | 9.2 | 69.3 | 1.6 | - |
| Control group C | - | - | - | 0 |
| Control group D | 0 | 57.2 | 1.6 | - |
Loach rate of growth=(test group loach per mu yield-control group D loach per mu yield) × 100%
Water chestnut rate of growth=(test group water chestnut per mu yield-control group C water chestnut per mu yield) × 100%
By result in table 1 it is found that being cultivated using loach of the present invention and water chestnut symbiosis, can significantly improve the yield of loach with
Water chestnut yield, moreover it is possible to improve the survival rate of loach；It is the most significant with 3 cultural method economic benefit of embodiment, loach volume increase
Rate reaches 18.4%, and survival rate reaches 83.9%, and feed coefficient 1.3, water chestnut rate of growth is 13.7%.
It is important to point out that, above embodiments and test example are only limitted to do further technical solution of the present invention herein
Elaboration and understanding, should not be understood as it is further to technical solution of the present invention limited, what those skilled in the art made
The innovation and creation of non-protruding essential characteristics and marked improvement still fall within protection category of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pond selects: selecting area is 2.5-3.5 mus, and bottom of pond silt depth is the pond of 5-10cm thickness；
(2) mud ferments: watermelon peel, pomelo peel, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover being mixed, crushed, Pond Silt and pond is added
Mud quality 1-3% calcium carbonate, pours into fermentation vat after mixing, the leavening of its quality 0.3-0.6%, normal temperature fermentation is added
3-5d obtains fermentation mud；
(3) pond backfills: fermentation mud being backfilled pond bottom, with a thickness of 5-10cm, surface is equal according still further to 20-25kg amount per acre
It is even to be sprinkled into land plaster, stand 5-8d；
(4) cultivate water chestnut: the adjustment pond depth of water is 0.8-1.2m, is uniformly sprinkled into water chestnut seed according to 3-5kg per acre, cultivates 40-
50d；
(5) loach seedlings are launched: launching loach seedlings into pond, according to dispensing ten thousand tail of 1-1.5 per acre；
(6) breeding management: annual top dressing is primary, according to being sprinkled into compound fertilizer 5-10kg per acre；Periodically launch natural bait, injected volume
For the 5-10% of loach weight.
2. loach as described in claim 1 and water chestnut zoology breeding method, which is characterized in that the Pond Silt, watermelon peel, shaddock
Sub- skin, leaves of Hawthorn, corn stover mass ratio be 5:3:2:1:1.
3. loach and water chestnut zoology breeding method as described in right will go 1, which is characterized in that step (1) watermelon peel, shaddock
After skin, leaves of Hawthorn and corn stover mixing, using carbonization treatment.
4. loach as claimed in claim 3 and water chestnut zoology breeding method, which is characterized in that the carbonization treatment temperature
350-450 DEG C, time 20-30min.
5. loach as described in claim 1 and water chestnut zoology breeding method, which is characterized in that the leavening is bacillus subtilis
Bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria according to etc. mass ratioes mix.
6. loach as described in claim 1 and water chestnut zoology breeding method, which is characterized in that the loach seedlings use 3-5% before putting in a suitable place to breed
Salt water dipping bath 8-10min.
7. loach as described in claim 1 and water chestnut zoology breeding method, which is characterized in that the natural bait is maggot, earthworm
It is any in earthworm, fish meal.
8. loach as described in claim 1 and water chestnut zoology breeding method, which is characterized in that the matter of N P and K in the compound fertilizer
Amount is than being 1:(0.2-0.3): (0.4-0.6).
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108185229A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-06-22 | 铜仁市万山区恒利达种养殖有限公司 | A kind of watermelon extractive from fermentative preparation method and applications for improving loach yield |
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| JPS57117399A (en) * | 1981-01-13 | 1982-07-21 | Haruno Takenaka | Methane fermentation tank of sludge having animal or vegetable breeding or cultivating pool provided to upper part thereof |
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| CN107258613A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-20 | 邹进彬 | The method of paddy field aquaculture loach |
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