CN109510470A - A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, power module and power-supply system - Google Patents
A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, power module and power-supply system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109510470A CN109510470A CN201811441756.4A CN201811441756A CN109510470A CN 109510470 A CN109510470 A CN 109510470A CN 201811441756 A CN201811441756 A CN 201811441756A CN 109510470 A CN109510470 A CN 109510470A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- self
- capacitor
- capacitance
- power module
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/338—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
- H02M3/3385—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M3/3387—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement with automatic control of output voltage or current in a push-pull configuration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit and relevant power module and power-supply systems, the start-up capacitance of the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit is changed to 2 and connects as end voltage increases the capacitor that capacitance reduces, when a wherein capacitance short-circuit, an other capacitor can be because operating voltage raising causes capacitance to decline, so that the capacitance provided when the other practical capacitance provided of a capacitor and normal 2 series capacitances is not much different.The present invention can make square by start-up capacitance bring crash rate for original crash rate, in conjunction with input filter capacitor and output filter capacitor is external, the high technical problem of condenser failure bring product failure rate can easily be solved, it is further that output rectification circuit is external, it is also able to achieve product type reduction, the versatility that client uses increases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Switching Power Supplies, in particular to self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit and relevant power module and power supply
System.
Background technique
Existing self-excited push-pull type transducer is generally speaking divided into two classes: Luo Ye circuit and the gloomy circuit of well.
Luo Ye circuit comes from the self-oscillation push-pull transistor single phase transformer of nineteen fifty-five U.S. Luo Ye (G.H.Royer) invention
DC converter, often referred to simply as Royer circuit, this is also the beginning for realizing high frequency conversion control circuit；Nineteen fifty-seven, the U.S. looked into
Match (Jen Sen, most document translations " well is gloomy ") has invented auto-excitation type and has recommended dual transformer circuit, referred to as self-oscillation afterwards
Jensen circuit, self-excitation push-pull type Jensen circuit, most document are referred to as the gloomy circuit of well；Both circuits, descendant are referred to as
Self-excited push-pull type transducer, " principle and design of Switching Power Supply " of the self-excited push-pull type transducer in Electronic Industry Press
Page 67 to page 70 are described, and the book ISBN is 7-121-00211-6.The principal mode of circuit is Luo Ye circuit and the gloomy electricity of well
Road.
Fig. 1-1 shows the typical case schematic diagram of Luo Ye circuit, and application No. is 201210174076.7 (letters for corresponding China
Referred to as background 1) Fig. 9, in order to enable the appended drawing reference of the application is unified, Fig. 1-1 becomes the appended drawing reference of main power transformer
More in order to which B2, the name of patent application are " a kind of short-circuit protection method of self-excited push-pull type transducer ", Fig. 1-2 shows well
The typical case schematic diagram of gloomy circuit.
The self-oscillation of Luo Ye circuit and driving function are all completed by a transformer, and the gloomy circuit of well changes by driving transformer B1
It realizes, therefore, the main power transformer B2 of the gloomy circuit of well works in undersaturated condition.Although the driving transformation of the gloomy circuit of well
There is magnetic saturation in device, because its is small in size, the energy of magnetic saturation consumption is small, and the global transformation efficiency ratio Luo Ye circuit of circuit is high.
But application No. is 201110436359.X and 201110436259.7 to change by November, 2011 China for such case, in sieve
The Rong Ling magnetic core that thin portion or part have been used in circuit, so that conversion efficiency is substantially improved, so that device is more
The living space of the gloomy circuit of well reduces, and compared with the Luo Ye circuit under the same terms, becomes in operating voltage, load, temperature
When change, the self-oscillating frequency of the gloomy circuit of well is relatively stable, so, many occasions are still using the gloomy circuit of well.
For Fig. 1-2 from the start-up circuit of Fig. 1-1 the difference is that capacitor C1 connection is different, the capacitor C1 in Fig. 1-1 is direct
Pin in parallel with biasing resistor R1, that wherein capacitor C1 is connect with power supply Vin, if being changed to be grounded, start-up circuit becomes soft and opens
Dynamic, as shown in Figs. 1-2, capacitor C1 is connected between feedback winding centre cap and input ground, such connection method energy
Solve Fig. 1-1 capacitor C1 impact because of short circuit to triode is recommended in booting, realize soft start, improvement applicant once in
Utility model patent ZL 03273278.3 is applied within 2003, in fact in " the power conversion technology " of People's Telecon Publishing House
Fig. 2-18 of page 41 is disclosed, and the Fig. 2-27 of page 56 is also disclosed, and the book ISBN is 7-115-04229-2/TN353.
And present inventor is in the 0029th section to 0035 section of 1 authority of background and Fig. 3-1 to Fig. 3-7 of its attached drawing,
It gives that existing well is gloomy or the differentiation of the biasing circuit of Luo Ye circuit, gives detailed working principle, it was demonstrated that starting electricity
Capacitor C1 in road takes the connection of Fig. 1-1 or Fig. 1-2 on the steady operation after the successfully starting up of circuit without influence.
Since self-excited push-pull type transducer is open loop work, frequency response is good, in small-signal model, small signal
Input impedance under state is positive.And the small signal input impedance of the Switching Power Supply of various other Closed loop operations be it is negative, that is, work as
When input voltage is increased because of certain reason, the consumption electric current of other Switching Power Supplies is to reduce, to maintain output power constant.
Just because of the small signal input impedance of self-excited push-pull type transducer be it is positive, element is few, and reliability is high, in parallel or cascade
Using all very simple, therefore self-excited push-pull type transducer is difficult to be replaced by other circuit topologies within following some time,
And be made into power module as device direct marketing, be fabricated to power module method it is common there are two types of, one kind is modeling
Envelope, the power module similar integrated circuit of finished product, using epoxy resin mixture, including filler particles, curing agent, in mould
It is formed under tool high temperature, plastic packaging power module is easy to use；Another kind is encapsulating, and circuit board is put into shell, polyamine is poured into
The two-component mixture or silica gel of rouge and form, the general device for being inconvenient to be fabricated to patch type, in engineering using slightly not side
Just.
Currently, global annual output is 100,000,000 or more, and wherein well is gloomy using the power module that self-excited push-pull type transducer produces
For circuit accounting still 15% or more, output power is mostly 1W, is commonly called as micropower power supply module, and manufacturer includes Japanese village
Tens companies of Tian company, Texas Instruments, RECOM company, Germany, TaiWan, China MINMAX company etc. and the country,
There is following technical bottleneck.
The power module is applied to vibration occasion and often loses in use when as in automobile, motor-car, high-speed rail
Effect, the especially power module of plastic packaging class, due to power module sealing moulding, can only integral replacing, the probability of failure is not
Height, the crash rate that comes into operation 1 year of installing is about one thousandth, i.e. 1000ppm, this in automobile industry be it is unacceptable,
Automobile industry is contemplated to be zero-fault, and according to the tub curve in failure mechanism, failure is relatively high, automobile in First Year
The minimum expectation of industry can be in 8ppm hereinafter, i.e. 8/1000000ths in the crash rate of First Year, while the global failure in 10 years
Rate also meets 8ppm or less.
The product failure rate produced of technique the most advanced can only achieve 300ppm or so both at home and abroad at present, and client
It is acceptable only 8ppm, once have defective products by shipment, these defective products will be widely used in automobile, rail traffic,
It is very serious such as to cause damage sequence for the fields such as mechanical equipment and industrial communication, therefore manufacturer can only be in online preceding progress
Detection, it is ensured that be ability upper plate installation after 100% qualification, but still have defective products appearance, in this regard, auto producer and micropower electricity
Source module factory all tries every means, and is such as changed to the former brand of global ranking, but problem goes out still in user's use
It is existing.The cost paid after sale is high, and caused claim is also very high.
Since micropower power supply module is used in the temperature such as automobile, humidity environment rugged environment, product requirement uses modeling
Envelope or encapsulating, improve its environmental suitability, after this also results in product failure, will destroy power module in dismantling, thus
Extremely difficult carry out failure analysis, also can not the ultimate improvement of further progress, realize zero-fault.
In addition, power module application is multifarious, to its input voltage, output voltage, output number, isolation pressure resistance
And the requirement of encapsulation etc. can also have very more demands, for power module manufacturer, be all at present will export it is whole
Current circuit is integrated in inside power module, it means that and the product of single channel output and two-way output needs respectively to manufacture and design, this
Meeting leads to the increase of management cost and warehousing pressure so that the model of power module manufacturer is double.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, Yi Jiying
With the power module of the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, the crash rate of power module can be reduced, reduces social cost loss,
And the management cost and warehousing pressure of manufacturer can be reduced, the present invention also provides the power supply system for applying the power module simultaneously
System, facilitates client to use, and is able to achieve using upper expansion.
Present invention design can have a detailed description later, and main thought is to find out failure mechanism, recycle TRIZ
The scheme for solving failure is provided, the technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that
A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, includes at least: input anode, input ground, start-up circuit, driving part,
Triode TR1 and TR2, main transformer B2 and two output ends；Start-up circuit includes at least two terminals, i.e. starting input
End and starting output end；Driving part includes at least three terminals, i.e. driving input terminal and two drive outputs；Main transformer
B2 includes at least two primary side winding NP1And NP2An and vice-side winding NS1；Start input terminal connection self-excitation push-pull type transformation
The input anode of device circuit, starting output end connection driving input terminal；The emitter of triode TR1 and TR2 are connected to self-excitation
The input of push-pull converter circuit, collector is separately connected primary side winding NP1And NP2Two ends, base stage connects respectively
Connect two drive outputs；Primary side winding NP1And NP2Centre cap connection self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit input just
End；Vice-side winding NS1Both ends connection self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit two output ends；Start-up circuit includes at least electric current
Device and start-up capacitance are provided, it is one of following two that electric current, which provides device and the connection relationship of start-up capacitance:
(1) electric current provides device and start-up capacitance is in parallel, and one end is starting input terminal after parallel connection, the other end is starting output
End；
(2) electric current provides device and start-up capacitance series connection, and it is to start input terminal, the other end to open that electric current, which provides device one end,
Dynamic output end, start-up capacitance are connected on electric current and provide between the device other end and the input ground of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit；
It is characterized by: start-up capacitance includes 2 concatenated capacitors, and 2 concatenated capacitance characteristics are with end voltage
It increases, capacitance reduces.
Preferably, 2 concatenated capacitors are chip multilayer ceramic capacitor.
Preferably, it is resistance that electric current, which provides device, or is constant-current source device.
For the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit of Luo Ye circuit, driving part is two be designed in main transformer B2
Feedback winding NB1And NB2, feedback winding NB1And NB2Centre cap be driving input terminal, feedback winding NB1And NB2Two end
Head is two drive outputs.
The first improvement of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit as above-mentioned Luo Ye circuit, main transformer B2 magnetic core by
Principal part and part composition, principal part is identical with local material, and sectional area is different；Or principal part is identical with local sectional area, material is not
Together.
Second of improvement of the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit as above-mentioned Luo Ye circuit, recommends triode at its two
A capacitor is connected between TR1 and the collector of TR2.
Preferably, the capacitor's capacity connected between above-mentioned two collectors for recommending triode TR1 and TR2 is less than
1000pf。
The self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit of circuit gloomy for well, driving part are the driving transformer B1 of independent design,
It further include resistance R2 in driving part, driving transformer B1 includes primary side winding NmAnd two feedback winding NB1And NB2, feedback
Winding NB1And NB2Centre cap be driving input terminal, feedback winding NB1And NB2Two ends be two drive outputs,
Primary side winding NmIt connects with resistance R2, two terminals after series connection are respectively connected to the collector of triode TR1, TR2.
The first improvement of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit as the gloomy circuit of above-mentioned well, driving transformer B1 magnetic core
It is made of principal part and part, principal part is identical with local material, and sectional area is different；Or principal part is identical with local sectional area, material
It is different.
Second of improvement of the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit as the gloomy circuit of above-mentioned well, the both ends resistance R2 are one in parallel
Capacitor.
Accordingly, power module technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of power module includes at least four terminals, respectively input plus end, input ground, two output terminals,
It is characterized in that: including above-mentioned self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, input anode, the input ground of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit
With two output ends be correspondingly connected to power module input plus end, input and two output terminals.
The technical solution of above-mentioned self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit and power module is open expression way, i.e., may be used also
To include certain other functional circuits, such as input filter circuit, output filter circuit and output rectification circuit, the present invention
Power module following two technical solution requires the certain other function for further including or clearly excluding to include inside power module
It can circuit.Note: some functional circuit can be only a component, if capacitor can be input filter circuit, output filtered electrical
Road, diode can be output rectification circuit.The technical solution of this two power modules is as follows:
It particularly, further include output rectification circuit in above-mentioned power module.
It particularly, does not include input filter capacitor, output filter capacitor in above-mentioned power module.
When in power module of the invention not including input filter capacitor and output filter capacitor, using the power module
Power-supply system technical solution it is as follows:
A kind of power-supply system, it is characterised in that: including external input filter capacitor and output filter capacitor and above-mentioned
Power module, input filter capacitor and the input plus end of power module and inputs in parallel, output filter capacitor and power supply mould
Two output terminal parallel connections of block, and input filter capacitor and the distance between output filter capacitor and power module all≤λ/
11, λ be the corresponding wavelength of working frequency of power module.
Noun of the present invention is explained as follows:
Input filter capacitor: it is connected to the capacitor of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit input end, for filtering out input voltage
In ripple, such as the capacitor C2 in Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2.It can be the filtered electrical perhaps battery of higher level's power supply itself,
Containing super capacitor.
Output filter capacitor: it is connected to the capacitor of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit output end, for filtering out output voltage
In ripple, such as the capacitor C3 in Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2.It can be the input filter capacitor or battery sheet of lower level power supply
Body contains super capacitor.
Output rectification circuit: the circuit being connected between self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit vice-side winding and output end is used
In the positive and negative ac voltage rectifier for exporting vice-side winding be direct voltage output, such as the diode Da in Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2
With the circuit of Db composition.
Start-up capacitance: the capacitor of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit quick start or soft start is realized, such as Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-
Capacitor C1 in 2.Not only there is effect on startup, start-up capacitance still works in normal work, as it was noted above, carrying on the back
There is discussion in 1 authority of scape.
Recommend triode: realizing the triode of self-excitation push-pull type work, as in Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2 triode TR1 and
TR2。
Driving transformer: the gloomy circuit of well individually completes self-oscillation and driving function by magnetic saturation transformer, and the application should
Magnetic saturation transformer is referred to as driving transformer, such as the B1 in Fig. 1-2.
Main transformer: voltage transformation is institute for the transformer to load transmission energy by the abbreviation of main power transformer
The numerical value needed, primary side centre cap are connected to power supply, i.e. the self-excitation operating voltage of pushing off formula converter, primary side
Another two terminal is connected with two collectors for recommending triode respectively, and vice-side winding connects one or more output rectification circuit,
Such as the transformer B2 in Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2.
Feedback winding centre cap: referring to and be connected to two centre caps for recommending the winding between transistor base, such as schemes
The winding N of the main transformer B2 of 1-1B1And NB2Centre cap or Fig. 1-2 in driving transformer B1 winding NB1And NB2In
Heart tap.
Power module of the invention solves related personnel for a long time and thirsts for always solving but fail to succeed always
Technical problem, discovery procedure and method and working principle will analyze in a particular embodiment, and this will not be repeated here.
Having the beneficial effect that for formula converter is pushed off in self-excitation of the invention
(1) crash rate is greatly reduced, and 1ppm crash rate below may be implemented, meet the needs of automotive grade；
(2) product type will be reduced, and the versatility that client uses increases.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1-1 is the typical case schematic diagram of Luo Ye circuit；
Fig. 1-2 is the typical case schematic diagram of the gloomy circuit of well；
Fig. 2 show capacitance change curve of the ceramic condenser used by start-up circuit of the present invention under Dc bias；
Fig. 3 is first embodiment of the invention power module exemplar schematic figure；
Fig. 3-1 is the waveform diagram of first embodiment of the invention output voltage；
Fig. 3-2 is the schematic diagram of the external output rectification of first embodiment of the invention client and filter circuit；
In the absence of Fig. 3-3 is Fig. 3-2 hypothesis filter capacitor C3 and using voltage oscillogram when purely resistive load；
Fig. 3-4 is the schematic diagram for the doubleway output that first embodiment of the invention obtains altogether；
Fig. 3-5 is the schematic diagram that first embodiment of the invention obtains multiplication of voltage output；
Fig. 3-6 is that vice-side winding obtains the schematic diagram of independent doubleway output all the way for first embodiment of the invention increase, and
The schematic diagram applied in the power supply system for fifth embodiment of the invention power module.
Fig. 3-7 is that the present invention the first implementation start-up circuit replaces with the schematic diagram after capacitor C1 and resistance R1 parallel connection；
Fig. 4 is second embodiment of the invention power module exemplar schematic figure；
Fig. 4-1 is the schematic diagram for the doubleway output that second embodiment of the invention obtains altogether；
Fig. 4-2 is that vice-side winding obtains the schematic diagram of independent doubleway output all the way for second embodiment of the invention increase；
Fig. 5-1 is one of third embodiment of the invention power module main transformer core structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5-2 is the two of third embodiment of the invention power module main transformer core structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5-3 is the three of third embodiment of the invention power module main transformer core structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is fourth embodiment of the invention power module exemplar schematic figure.
Specific embodiment
The targeted failure of the present invention is that industry wishes the technical problem captured for a long time, and power module product uses modeling
Envelope or encapsulating improve its environmental suitability, after this also results in product failure, will destroy power module in dismantling, because
And extremely difficult carry out failure analysis, it also can not the ultimate improvement of further progress.
Applicant has collected the sample much to fail, analyzes by traditional method, obtained conclusion is all to recommend use nothing but
Triode breakdown, power module due to again acting as device on circuit boards, again undergo Reflow Soldering and cause capacitor and open
It splits, causes short circuit, or the internal rectification used is punctured with Schottky diode.
Inventor notices, and reflected short circuit outside electric power source pair of module, short-circuit impedance is distributed more widely, from 0.1 Ω to
Nearly 10 Ω has, more in 2 Ω or so, this is different from the reflected distribution of semiconductor failure, and conjecture is that other reasons cause
Failure, but consult many data, domestic many experts seeked advice from, all without compellent explanation, at this moment, Tong Shiliu
Female bright proposition, if the caused short circuit in second of Reflow Soldering for pure tin.Power module itself in production, uses
Tin cream is alloy, is called solder(ing) paste, is mainly made of scaling powder and solder powder, and solder powder is also known as glass putty, mainly by tin-lead,
Tin bismuth, Tin Silver Copper Alloy composition have selected high-melting-point solder(ing) paste as other producers, and fusing point is at 280 DEG C or more, its spy
Point is lead tolerance height, this be also for high reliability request industry lead content is not required and the high lead welding tin that uses, press
Reason says that in client when device Reflow Soldering again, temperature is to be strict controlled in 260 DEG C of below, welderings inside power module
Point should not melt again, put into tens of thousands of products, every batch of 5000, tested with different temperatures, find at 235 degree to 265 degree
Between in temperature range, product will appear failure really, predominantly short-circuit.The fusing point of pure tin is 231.89 DEG C, but power supply mould
Where pure tin inside block is from coming.
The pin of power module internal components is mostly the pin of pure tin coating covering, and applicant has reused this technology neck
The common method in domain: method of substitution.With electrochemical process, tin is removed to the device pin strip of participation, and plates silver layer, fusing point
At 961 DEG C or more, it should overcome the problems, such as this, but result still has short circuit, by the pebble glue slice point that expense is high
Analysis, discovery is still short circuit caused by pure tin, and further associating is that tin grain diameter is excessive in solder(ing) paste, it is desirable that solder(ing) paste supply
When prepared by glass putty, electric spark current reduces quotient, obtains the tin grain of smaller diameter, solder(ing) paste supplier directlyed adopt Japan,
The raw material of smallest particles on the earth of German import cooperate industry to solve the problems, such as, experiments have shown that, there are still almost the same mistakes
Efficiency.
At this moment, it is patch type capacitor that inventor, which notices the capacitor in power module, and industry is sheet type multi-layer ceramic
Capacitor, english abbreviation MLCC, is commonly called as patch capacitor, it is by the ceramic dielectric diaphragm of printed electrode (interior electrode) to misplace
Mode be superimposed together, form ceramic chip by disposable high temperature sintering, then at the both ends of chip seal up metal layer (dispatch from foreign news agency
Pole), to realize required capacitance and other parameter characteristics.There is multilayer inside this capacitor, interior electrode is silver layer, and there are also electricity
The ceramic material of medium, their thermal expansion coefficient is different, as muti-piece biscuit is superimposed, in patch it is difficult to ensure that
Sheet face therein is parallel with circuit board, if the case where also will appear vertical 90 degree, i.e. capacitor in patch, be
No to be axially rotated 90 degree, note: axis passes through the geometric center of two terminals.By polyester resin slice analysis, there are short for discovery
10 samples on road, 8 only because capacitor is rotated by 90 degree of patches, inventor's guess: capacitor be rotated by 90 degree with
Afterwards, on the basis of being placed by circuit board level, there are many potential grooves, at high temperature, pure tin in the top parallel with circuit board
It is first melting, it is influenced by plastic packaging or the closed environment of encapsulating, is darted forward in this groove, two ends of short circuit.Patch
Machine itself can not complete This move, inquire that the supplier of patch capacitor, the supplier of capacitor recognize that capacitor is random
Braid is in the charging tray of plate-like, i.e., in patch, it is possible to which nearly 50% probability has been axial-rotation 90 degree.
This only guesses that, when including polyester resin slice dismantling product, short circuit can disappear, and can not verify this guess, send out
Bright people proposes new experimental method again: from the external power supply for using low-voltage, high-current, can the internal resistance that formed using short circuit be sent out
Heat dissolves tin, and using the surface tension of liquid tin, spherical shape is voluntarily retracted into, or have this trend, so that short dot be allowed to disappear
Lose? by calculating, with Binding experiment, maximum output voltage 5V, the power supply of constant current output 2A, to input terminal shortcircuit are finally used
Power module is tested, and discovery short dot really disappears；The power module of power module outlet short circuit is carried out real
It tests, it should be noted that polarity, otherwise can burn internal rectifier diode, discovery short dot is equally disappeared, and the performance of product is extensive
It is multiple.
In client when device Reflow Soldering again, in flowing, part pure tin can be in pure tin because of the effect of surface tension
Spherical tin ball is distributed in groove as water droplet, does not cause short circuit, but in terminal client in use, due to vibration
Influence, tin club is mobile, to cause short circuit.Such case makes with the aforedescribed process, can not repair in advance.
In addition, in 10 above-mentioned samples, caused by being not as the short circuit that pure tin causes there are also 2, using above-mentioned
Method can not repair in advance.By careful slice analysis, this two short-circuit reasons are as follows: capacitor cracking causes, multilayer pottery
After porcelain condenser cracking, the corresponding silver layer of two terminals can be staggered, and can also cause short circuit, this short circuit with the aforedescribed process without
Method reparation.From 2011 to 2018 year, a large amount of visitor moves back product sampling analysis and sees, capacitor cracking accounting about always fail 22%
Left and right.Plastic packaging product especially using the lead frame of sheet metal as circuit board, ratio are higher.
Root is had found because after, solves the problems, such as this scheme, it appears that have, that is, should not input capacitance and output filtering
Capacitor, start-up capacitance in normal work, influence efficiency and output short circuit protection, can not save.But client must be will not
Agree to, client can think in this way: should not input filter capacitor and output filter capacitor, this obviously reduces power module
Performance, Electro Magnetic Compatibility are centainly also deteriorating.
Since the inside is 3 multilayer ceramic capacitors, average one crash rate is 333ppm, should not input capacitance and defeated
Filter capacitor out, crash rate is still in 333ppm, and using the bigger capacitor of volume, such as 0805 capacitor is changed to the electricity of 1210 encapsulation
Hold, it is expected to solve the problems, such as this, but the factory of multilayer ceramic capacitor, headed by TDK, every factory is all being minimized, even
0805 encapsulation will withdraw from the market, and mainstream is with 0603, or even to 0402 evolution, as mobile phone industry is using
The multilayer ceramic capacitor of 0201 encapsulation.
If the scheme that the present invention takes is the start-up capacitance that this can not be removed, using two patch capacitor strings
Connection, when wherein a short circuit, another still work, but one times of volume change, the characteristic variations of power module are larger, client
It is not easily accepted by.
Even if having found root because start-up capacitance can be split as two concatenated capacitors, seem and be readily apparent that, but ability
The concatenated general purpose of capacitor is provided to improve pressure resistance by the technical staff in domain, also has the case where for reducing capacitance, at this time
It is that smaller capacitance can be obtained by concatenated mode, such application is by used because the capacitor of standard capacitance is improper at hand
Property thinking influence it is actually rare.And other capacitors are external is readily apparent that for a person skilled in the art, but it is restricted
In the limitation that electromagnetic compatibility standard requires, someone is not it is thought that feasible solution, even if therefore both at home and abroad the most first
Into manufacturer, be all directed to the improvement of welding material and welding procedure all the time, 2011 to 2013 Japanese villages
Tian company has just applied for that the multinomial patent of welding material and welding procedure carrys out the power supply mould for self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit
Block.Although can not be further decreased always so that being widely used since the nineteen fifty-five circuit generates after more than 60 years
Crash rate.
Present inventor breaks through conventional thought, proposes that start-up capacitance C1 is readily modified as two capacitor C11 and C12 strings
Connection and input filter capacitor C2, output filter capacitor C3 can be external, and theoretical basis is as follows:
(1) start-up capacitance C1 is readily modified as two concatenated theoretical basis of capacitor C11 and C12
Start-up capacitance C1 of the present invention is readily modified as two capacitor C11 and C12 series connection, and Yao Shixian goal of the invention also requires two
The capacitance of capacitor C11 and C12 decline with the increase of end voltage, according to capacitance characteristic it is found that each capacitor in series capacitance
The relationship of capacitance and total capacitance is as follows:
C11×C12/(C11+C12)=C1
Here the capacitance of corresponding capacitor, C are indicated with subscript11Indicate the capacitance of C11, C12Indicate the capacitance of C12, C1Indicate C1
Capacitance, therefore, C under nominal case11> C1, C12> C1.In normal circumstances, in order to reduce cost, C11 and C12 can be adopted
With the capacitor of same model, then, calculating becomes very simple, and total capacity is the half that monomer participates in series capacitance, i.e. C1=
0.5C11=0.5C12。
Assuming that the capacitor C12 short circuit in capacitor C11, C12, holds C11 work for residual electricity, whole capacitances are therefore only by capacitor
C11 is provided, for example nominal case, before analyzed C11> C1, C11=2C1For one times of relationship.But after capacitor C12 short circuit
Originally the operating voltage for giving capacitor C12 can also be applied to the both ends capacitor C11, and the operating voltage of capacitor C11 will increase one times,
Due to the characteristic of multilayer ceramic capacitor are as follows: capacitance declines with the increase of end voltage, therefore the capacitance meeting of capacitor C11 at this time
Declined, it is assumed that the capacitance of decline is Δ C, then the capacitance after capacitor C11 decline is (C11Δ C), it is set by reasonable parameter
Meter, may be implemented (C11Δ V) and C1It is not much different, so as to realize goal of the invention.
And by probability theory it is found that if wherein a capacitance short-circuit cause failure probability be 333ppm, two
Series capacitance is simultaneously because short circuit causes the probability of failure to be 333ppm × 333ppm, multiplied result 0.11ppm, crash rate wink
Between obtain unexpected decline, if input filter capacitor and output filter capacitor are also all changed to two series connection, finally
Crash rate is 1ppm, easily meets client to the quality requirements of product, is limited by requirement of the client to small product size, input filter
Wave capacitor and output filter capacitor are also changed to two and unrealistic, ideal solution be they are external, the two
Capacitor can external theoretical basis will be described below in detail.
So, characteristic is how the capacitor that capacitance declines with the increase of end voltage obtains, those skilled in the art
Member is known that the capacitor of high-quality, as the raising capacitance variation of end voltage is smaller, current domestic quality is not high
Chip multilayer ceramic capacitor (hereinafter referred to as domestic patch capacitor), due to use piezoceramic material, be limited by piezoelectricity
Electrical characteristics of ceramics itself, the characteristics of showing, are exactly substantially reduced as end voltage increases capacitance.
Fig. 2 show capacitance change curve of the ceramic condenser used by start-up circuit of the present invention under Dc bias,
473K/10V of the test sample from certain domestic company, 0603, X7R chip multilayer ceramic capacitor, i.e. capacity are 0.047uF
Patch capacitor, the figure be inventor actual measurement.It can be seen that when DC offset voltage is positive and is negative by the curve graph
Capacitance change curve is symmetrical, and with the increase of DC offset voltage, the capacitance of capacitor declines, when DC offset voltage increases to
When 10V, the capacitance of capacitor is only the 5% of nominal value.This undesirable feature is that each patch capacitor factory deliberately avoids
, on their service manual, it can all ignore this curve, or the curve after beautification is showed user, but also user
Having forgotten patch capacitor, there is also this undesirable features.
Current embodiment require that the exactly not high MLCC capacitor of this quality, to just be able to achieve series capacitance wherein one
Short circuit, in addition one causes capacitance to decline because operating voltage increases, thus the other practical capacitance provided of a capacitor and two
The capacitance that series capacitance provides when normal is not much different, and not only can solve capacitance short-circuit bring product failure rate residence in this way
It is high not under technical problem, also make the undesirable feature of low-quality capacitor be turned bane into boon, to realize the cost of raw material
Reduction.It is well known that the capacitor of NPO or C0G, capacitance is extremely stable, same capacity, more than ten times at high cost, capacitance with
The relationship of voltage is very weak, it is clear that unsuitable used for this invention, effect is poor.And the characteristic of X7R is poor, effect is fine.And
The worse patch capacitor of the characteristics such as X5R or Y5U, effect are more preferable.
(2) theoretical basis that input filter capacitor C2, output filter capacitor C3 can be external
It is theoretical according to well known electricity, have: C=λ f
Wherein: C: electromagnetic wave propagation speed is 3 × 108m/s；λ: wavelength, unit m；F: frequency, unit Hz；
Distance≤λ/11 the present invention claims external capacitor apart from power module, at this time its electromagnetic radiation that space is generated
It is very little, it can be considered and electromagnetic radiation is not generated to space, loss is also smaller, and effect is preferable.Relevant theoretical foundation is not straight
Connect argument, it is closer can " minimal tour be in EMC design with reference to the 21st Annual Conference paper of Chinese power supply association
Application ", paper is delivered in November, 2015, the Authors of Science Articles be present inventor, the article pointed out " high-frequency signal
If 1/4 wavelength is identical as the length of antenna, antenna just has good radiation and reception ability ... antenna once being formed, that
There are when step signal in circuit, the frequency which can select resonance therewith automatically is launched ", and change of the invention
Depressor output is exactly square wave, and rising edge or failing edge are exactly step signal, then, in order to reduce external radiation, external electricity
Hold distance apart from power module will within 1/4 wavelength, more preferably, in less than half of 1/4 wavelength, i.e. 1/8 wavelength with
Under.In order to further ensure effect, distance of the external capacitor apart from power module will 1/4 wavelength golden section point with
It is interior, i.e., it is 0.382 times of 1/4 wavelength (1-0.618), it is closest for λ/11.
Since the working frequency of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit is mainly 50kHz, 100kHz and 200kHz, highest at present
Frequency can accomplish 1MHz, and future is expected to realize the breakthrough of 10MHz, for the self-excited push-pull type transducer of different operating frequency
Circuit, distance of the external capacitor apart from power module calculate as follows:
| Working frequency | Wavelength X | λ/11 |
| 50kHz | 6000m | 545.4m |
| 100kHz | 3000m | 272.7m |
| 200kHz | 1500m | 136.3m |
| 1MHz | 300m | 27.27m |
| 10MHz | 30m | 2.727m |
There are when step signal in circuit, the frequency which can select resonance therewith automatically is launched, according to engineering
19 subharmonic of experience, harmonic wave still have very considerable radianting capacity, even if by the working frequency of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit
Multiplied by 19, then, distance of the external capacitor apart from power module will be within 1/the 19 of 1/11 wavelength, i.e. 1/209 wavelength
Within, it is still able to satisfy the requirement of electromagnetic compatibility standard, the following are distance of the external capacitor apart from power module in such cases
Calculated result:
When module working frequency is 1MHz, distance is 1.44 meters, still can guarantee the performance of electromagnetic compatibility.
First embodiment
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is first embodiment of the invention power module exemplar schematic figure, similar integrated circuit is used
The technique of painting, there is a pin in outside, the empty thick line of outline border, indicates that internal device integrates encapsulation, the empty thick line of outline border not table
Show electrical connection, power module includes input plus end Vin, input ground GND and two output terminal Out1 and Out2, power supply
Inside modules include: resistance R1, capacitor C11, capacitor C12, triode TR1, triode TR2, main transformer B2, primary side winding
NP1And NP2, feedback winding NB1And NB2And vice-side winding NS1；One end connection input plus end of resistance R1, resistance R1's is another
Connection input ground after capacitor C12, capacitor C11 that one end is concatenated；The emitter of triode TR1 and TR2 are connected to input
Ground, collector are separately connected primary side winding NP1And NP2Two ends, base stage is separately connected feedback winding NB1And NB2Two
End；Primary side winding NP1And NP2Centre cap connection power module input plus end；Vice-side winding NS1Both ends connect electricity
Two output terminals of source module.
Self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit inside the power module of the present embodiment is the Luo Ye circuit of soft starting mode,
Capacitor C11 and capacitor C12 is asked to decline with the increase of end voltage, without integrated input filter capacitor, defeated inside power module
Filter capacitor and output rectification circuit out.Obviously, capacitor C11 and capacitor C12 transposition equally realize goal of the invention.
Fig. 3-1 is the waveform diagram of the present embodiment output voltage, compared with technology, the square wave being alternately present for generating positive and negative voltage；
Single channel output voltage can be obtained after the circuit shown in the external Fig. 3-2 of client, due to having only used a diode D1, when defeated
Filter capacitor C3 is not present out, and when use purely resistive load, and the waveform diagram of output voltage is that half-wave is defeated as shown in Fig. 3-3
Out, at this moment the capacity of C3 should increase, discussed above to obtain the ripple voltage to meet the requirements, when module working frequency is
When 1MHz, distance is 1.44 meters, still can guarantee the performance of electromagnetic compatibility.That is it is very aobvious within C3 is from 1.44 meters of power module
So, in the system of client, the original decoupling capacitance that can use in its system completely serves as C3, and is increased without cost, by
Composed in parallel in the ceramic condenser that original decoupling capacitance may be electrolytic capacitor and 1000pF to 0.1uF, population size because
Such as tantalum solid electrolyte capacitor is used and bigger, therefore filter effect can be fine.Half-wave output can't be to recommending with three
Pole pipe causes any adverse effect, and only wherein a triode is constantly in light condition.
When the diode D1 in Fig. 3-2 is reversely connected, so that it may obtain negative voltage output, no longer individually be arranged with embodiment
Out.Certainly, directly the upper lead tie point of the cathode of diode D1 in Fig. 3-2 and C3 as direct current output ground wire, then with
The connected DC output end of another lead of C3 will export a negative pressure, equally can work normally.Diode D1 it
Before, i.e. the two of Fig. 3 output terminals low capacity filter capacitors directly in parallel, still can be absorbed square wave rising edge and
Failing edge is conducive to the promotion of Electro Magnetic Compatibility.
Due to there is no diode inside power module, it is well known that since Switching Power Supply working frequency is higher, export whole
Stream diode mostly uses Schottky diode, as power module, after client mounts or inserts onto their circuit, and meeting
Reflow Soldering or wave-soldering again, and most device, are all to be resistant to 12 seconds by equivalent 260 DEG C to design, bear 2 high temperature,
For Schottky diode, caused failure is steeply risen.European Union was instructed by RoHS and WEEE, July 1 in 2006
Day is forbidden to use lead and other harmful substances matter, has pulled open the beginning of electronic product high-temperature soldering, and traditional tin-lead eutectic solder melts
Point is 183 DEG C, and the fusing point of tin silver copper (SAC) lead-free solder for gaining universal acceptance and being widely used at present is about 217
DEG C, so that thermotropic failure aggravates significantly, each related device manufacturer was studied by many years, just allowed device that can prop up at 260 DEG C
Welding in 12 seconds is held, to show oneself reliability.This is not represented, and for device at 260 DEG C, welding in 12 seconds is reliably, to be
Lossless, device production quotient can only guarantee under this high temperature, and crash rate is lower than some value.The same period, the electronics as high-quality
Product producer, the temperature of Reflow Soldering are still controlled at 245 DEG C or less；Here we will notice a fact, and this kind of product is
Civilian goods, life requirements is not high, can be continuous work 3000 hours such as MP3, and for the satisfaction of consumer with regard to relatively high, 3000 is small
Shi Hou, repair rate have been just good products lower than 3%, and this is required, and will cause great complaint for Switching Power Supply.
For automobile, can not even more receive.
From the perspective of science, continuous high temperature has negative effect to semiconductor.Concentrated expression are as follows: insulation performance is moved back
Change；Component directly damages；The heat ageing of material.This obtains and talks about from the characteristic of semiconductor, and current used in electronic industry is partly led
Body, is often referred to silicon semiconductor, silicon itself be it is very intrepid, fusing point is 1410 DEG C, this do not represent it is bad to 1410 DEG C of, one
As at 165 DEG C, the silicon semiconductor of energization just substantially because of a large amount of appearance of few son, the displacement of few son and directly damage
Bad silicon semiconductor；In Schottky diode, usual doping concentration is higher, and the electric conductivity of semiconductor will become better, pressure drop
It is lower, the reason is that can enter the electron amount of conduction band can increase as doping concentration improves.Doping concentration is very high partly to be led
Know from experience because electric conductivity is close to metal, and is widely used in Schottky diode.High temperature reflux weldering again etc., silicon is partly led
Body can survive although not being powered, but at high temperature, a large amount of appearance of few son, combination, the regeneration of He Duozi, nothing
Directed movement still has damage semiconductor PN.It is well known that under 165 DEG C of junction temperature, the silicon semiconductor of energization with regard to because
For a large amount of appearance of few son, lacks the displacement of son and directly damage silicon semiconductor.
The present embodiment is external rectifier diode, so that rectifier diode is solely subjected to once weld high temperature, it is clear that reduce
The crash rate of whole system improves the reliability of whole system.
Rectifier diode is external, since external capacitor C3 is easy to be amplified with the electrolytic capacitor of low cost, so that power supply
The vice-side winding of module is reduced to a winding, has been saved cost by two windings in Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2.
Rectifier diode is external, also obtains another the utility model has the advantages that easily obtain doubleway output altogether, referring to Fig. 3-4,
It can be obtained doubleway output, recommend with triode all in there is load state.
Further, if using the negative output in Fig. 3-4 as ground wire, then, so that it may multiplication of voltage output is obtained, is such as expected
18V DC voltage, it is only necessary to using the power module of 9V of the invention, use the usage of Fig. 3-5.
Rectifier diode is external, also obtains another the utility model has the advantages that easily obtaining the output of independent two-way or more, independence is double
Road refers to them not altogether, and Fig. 3-6 gives this power module and usage thereof: increasing vice-side winding N all the wayS2, accordingly
Ground, external rectifier diode increase D2, and filter capacitor increases C5, obtain another way DC output voltage, i.e., in figure DCout2 this
Road, voltage can be identical as this road Dcout1, can also be different, and change the turn ratio, and the positive-negative polarity of two-way voltage
Can arbitrarily it be arranged.The Same Name of Ends of secondary side two-way is noticed in Fig. 3-6, this is in order to ensure recommending with triode all in there is load
State.It is traditional to obtain the two-way not scheme on ground altogether using Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2 technical solution, it is secondary while to use 4 it is secondary while
Winding, at high cost, coiling is difficult.The technical solution of Fig. 3-6 is further added by a diode, can obtain the output of three tunnels, wherein
Two tunnels altogether, not altogether with third road；It is further further added by a diode, totally four diodes, can get the output of four tunnels,
Wherein altogether, altogether, the first via, the second road and tetra- tunnel third Lu Yu be not total on tetra- tunnel third Lu Yu for the first via, the second tunnel
Ground.
It should be noted that the start-up circuit of the present embodiment is made of resistance R1 and capacitor C1, resistance R1 provides for electric current
Device provides starting voltage for power module, and resistance R1 can be substituted with resistance shunt capacitance or constant-current source, equally can be with
Realizing goal of the invention, the peak voltage on triode TR1 and triode TR2 can be absorbed when power module powers on by capacitor C1,
Triode is avoided therefore to burn, to realize the soft start of power module.Fig. 3-7 shows the another kind of first embodiment
Alternate embodiments, start-up circuit include that electric current provides device resistance R1 and capacitor C1, and the one end resistance R1 is starting input terminal,
The other end is starting output end, and capacitor C1 and resistance R1 are in parallel, and resistance R1 can be substituted with constant-current source device, this constant-current source
Usage has been filled part in China is application No. is 201110200894.5 and is disclosed, and no longer provides explanation here.
In addition, the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit inside the present embodiment power module also can be replaced other embodiment party
Start-up circuit in formula, the gloomy circuit of well as shown in Figs. 1-2 or Fig. 1-2 is changed to the circuit after mode shown in Fig. 1-1, these
Goal of the invention may be implemented in alternate embodiments, is not unfolded to illustrate one by one herein.
Certainly, on the concatenated tie point of C11 and C12, a high resistance measurement, such as 10K or more, high resistance measurement are connect
The other end connection input anode or input ground, implementation result can be promoted further, only in the power module of volume very little,
Increase an element, is all the original design intention for having violated module: it is small size, highly reliable, in the present invention, do not advocate this
Postiche usage.
Second embodiment
4 are please referred to, is second embodiment of the invention power module schematic diagram, exists with Fig. 3 difference of first embodiment
It has been integrated into inside power module in by output rectifier diode D1 shown in Fig. 3-2, for being reluctant exterior design output rectification
For the client of circuit, such design can satisfy its demand.Remove input filter capacitor and output filter inside the present embodiment
Wave capacitor, the power-supply system of client still can satisfy the design method of electromagnetic compatibility and theoretical foundation has been described above, herein
It does not or else repeat equally.
The beneficial effect of second embodiment is, the original system of client can directly use the without making any change
Original module of power module substitution such as Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2 of two embodiments, it is extremely easy to use.
Equally, the diode that second embodiment is internally integrated is further added by a diode D2, obtains the embodiment of Fig. 4-1,
It can get doubleway output altogether；
Fig. 4-2, which is shown, is further added by a winding N inside second embodimentS2, series diode D2 easily obtains not altogether
Two-way more than output, equally, the technical solution of Fig. 4-2 is further added by a diode, can obtain three tunnels output, wherein
Two tunnels altogether, not altogether with third road；It is further further added by a diode, totally four diodes, can get the output of four tunnels,
Wherein altogether, altogether, the first via, the second road and tetra- tunnel third Lu Yu be not total on tetra- tunnel third Lu Yu for the first via, the second tunnel
Ground.
Start-up circuit includes that electric current provides device resistance R1 and capacitor C1, and C1 is the electricity after C11 and C12 series connection in the figure
Hold, the one end resistance R1 is to start input terminal, and the other end is starting output end, and capacitor C1 is changed to, same realization in parallel with resistance R1
Goal of the invention.Resistance R1, or be constant-current source device, application No. is 201110200894.5 in China for the usage of this constant-current source
In filled part and disclose, no longer provide explanation here.
3rd embodiment
Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-2 and Fig. 5-3 are please referred to, for three kinds of third embodiment of the invention power module main transformer magnetic core knots
Structure schematic diagram, the same the first embodiment or the second embodiment of circuit diagram structure, which is not described herein again.
The magnetic core that the inventive concept of 3rd embodiment is main transformer B1 is made of principal part A and part B, and part is identical
First reach magnetic saturation than the principal part under ascending magnetic field excitation, in this way, which magnetic core is at work, part only exists
Moment is close to or up to local first quartile saturation point or third quadrant saturation point, and other time is all in intrinsic first quartile
Between saturation point and third quadrant saturation point, since self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit can consume largely in core saturation
Energy, local magnetic is full to replace all magnetically saturated inventive concepts that can efficiency is significantly improved.This magnetic core is in the industry cycle
Referred to as Rong Ling magnetic core.The working principle of this part may refer to China application No. is 201110436359.X,
201110436259.7 patent specification.
The A of magnetic core principal part shown in Fig. 5-1 is identical with part B material, and principal part sectional area is greater than partial cross section's product, the part
First reach magnetic saturation than the principal part under identical ascending magnetic field excitation.Part at work, only connects in moment
Closely or reach local first quartile saturation point or third quadrant saturation point, it is better locally to account for the smaller effect of entire core length；Figure
Application No. is the schemes of Fig. 7, Fig. 8 in 201220206952 from China for the magnetic core of 5-1, have only gone on magnetic core two here
Protrusion.
The A of magnetic core principal part shown in Fig. 5-2 and part B material be not identical, and principal part sectional area is less than partial cross section's product, local use
The material of high permeability realizes that part first reaches magnetic saturation than principal part under identical ascending magnetic field excitation.Part exists
When work, it only is close to or up to local first quartile saturation point or third quadrant saturation point in moment, it is long locally to account for entire magnetic core
It is better to spend smaller effect；
The A of magnetic core principal part shown in Fig. 5-3 is identical with local B-section product, and material is different, if local magnetic conductivity is greater than principal part magnetic
The material of conductance, i.e. local use more high permeability can also realize part under identical ascending magnetic field excitation than master
Portion first reaches magnetic saturation.Part at work, is only close to or up to local first quartile saturation point in moment or third quadrant is full
And point, it is better locally to account for the smaller effect of entire core length.Application No. is 201220206952 from China for the magnetic core of Fig. 5-3
In Figure 12 scheme.
The case where circuit gloomy for well for the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit inside power module, then be driving transformer
B1 is three kinds of core structures in Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-2 and Fig. 5-3, and inventive concept is identical, and this will not be repeated here.
Fourth embodiment
Referring to Fig. 6, being fourth embodiment of the invention power module exemplar schematic figure, being different from the first embodiment place is
Capacitor C4 is parallel between two collectors for recommending triode, it is therefore intended that elimination recommends triode and powering on Shi Yinte
Sign frequency is excessively high and generates high-frequency self-excitation, and after increasing capacitor C4, high-frequency self-excitation meeting damped oscillation or frequency of oscillation are moved down, and two
Recommend triode just can be entered in the push-pull oscillator carried out using magnetic core saturated characteristic quickly within more than ten of period, realize electricity
The quick start on road, in addition high-frequency self-excitation has obtained effective control, and triode is recommended in no longer damage.And it can also be exported
Short-circuit protection function, working principle is detailed in China, and application No. is 201010604284.7.
The case where being well gloomy circuit for the self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit inside power module, then for in Fig. 1-2
The both ends resistance R2 shunt capacitance C4, meanwhile, the C1 in Fig. 1-2 also to replace with C11 and C12 series connection, it is defeated in main transformer B2
When there is short circuit, because of the presence of C4, the frequency of oscillation of circuit is increased in power module, although in high frequency, driving transformer
The efficiency of transmission of B1 reduces, this is also the characteristic of well known Switching Power Supply magnetic core material.Triode TR1 or triode TR2 are obtained
Feedback voltage reduce, but after frequency increases, the internal resistance of capacitor C4 reduction compensates for feedback voltage reduction, so that circuit is able to
Oscillation is maintained in high frequency.At this moment, main transformer B2 is equally because efficiency of transmission drops lower, loss caused by secondary short circuit,
Primary side and little is converted, the operating current of circuit can control in lower range, output short circuit protection function is obtained,
Working principle, which is detailed in working principle of the China application No. is 201110247645.1 documents, especially 0077 section to 0083 section, retouches
It states.
5th embodiment
Fig. 3-6 is please referred to, for the schematic diagram that power module of the present invention is applied in the power supply system, the present embodiment application is
The power module increase of first embodiment all the way vice-side winding obtain independent doubleway output the case where, input filter capacitor C2 and
Diode D1, D2, output filter capacitor C3 and C5 are designed in its power-supply system by client, be welded on client circuit board it
On, since C2 can be the output filter capacitor of upper level Switching Power Supply, without specially installing, thus Fig. 3-6 be not drawn into it is defeated
Enter filter capacitor C2.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention,
Several improvements and modifications can also be made, are such as connected using the capacitor that the capacitance occurred later can decline with operating voltage, substitution
Start-up capacitance；Such as start-up capacitance is substituted with three or more capacitor series connection or mixed connection；For another example, it connects in start-up capacitance low resistance
Resistance, visiting resistance is 1/5th or less of biasing resistor resistance value；As N-type triode is changed into p-type, power supply electricity
Pressure is in turn；Or above-mentioned constant-current source circuit is realized using metal-oxide-semiconductor；And design of the invention is applied to non-self-excitation and is recommended
Formula converter circuit and relevant power module and power-supply system, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection of the invention
Range is no longer repeated with embodiment here, and protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..
Claims (14)
1. a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, includes at least: input anode, input ground, start-up circuit, driving part, three
Pole pipe TR1 and TR2, main transformer B2 and two output ends；Start-up circuit includes at least two terminals, i.e. starting input terminal
With starting output end；Driving part includes at least three terminals, i.e. driving input terminal and two drive outputs；Main transformer B2
Including at least two primary side winding NP1And NP2An and vice-side winding NS1；Start input terminal and connects self-excited push-pull type transducer
The input anode of circuit, starting output end connection driving input terminal；The emitter of triode TR1 and TR2 are connected to self-excitation and push away
The input of pull converter circuit, collector is separately connected primary side winding NP1And NP2Two ends, base stage is separately connected two
A drive output；Primary side winding NP1And NP2Centre cap connection self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit input anode；Secondary side
Winding NS1Both ends connection self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit two output ends；Start-up circuit includes at least electric current and provides device
And start-up capacitance, it is one of following two that electric current, which provides device and the connection relationship of start-up capacitance:
(1) electric current provides device and start-up capacitance is in parallel, and one end is starting input terminal after parallel connection, the other end is starting output end；
(2) electric current provides device and start-up capacitance series connection, and electric current offer device one end is starting input terminal, the other end is that starting is defeated
Outlet, start-up capacitance are connected on electric current and provide between the device other end and the input ground of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit；
It is characterized by: start-up capacitance includes 2 concatenated capacitors, and 2 concatenated capacitance characteristics be as end voltage increases,
Capacitance reduces.
2. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 2 concatenated capacitors are chip
Multilayer ceramic capacitor.
3. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is resistance that electric current, which provides device,
It or is constant-current source device.
4. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: driving part is to be designed at main transformer
Two feedback winding N in depressor B2B1And NB2, feedback winding NB1And NB2Centre cap be driving input terminal, feedback winding
NB1And NB2Two ends be two drive outputs.
5. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: main transformer B2 magnetic core is by principal part
With local composition, principal part is identical with local material, and sectional area is different；Or principal part is identical with local sectional area, material is different.
6. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the current collection of triode TR1 and TR2
A capacitor is connected between pole.
7. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: recommend triode TR1 and TR2
The capacitor's capacity connected between collector is less than 1000pf.
8. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: driving part is independent design
Driving transformer B1 further includes resistance R2 in driving part, and driving transformer B1 includes primary side winding NmAnd two feedback around
Group NB1And NB2, feedback winding NB1And NB2Centre cap be driving input terminal, feedback winding NB1And NB2Two ends be two
A drive output, primary side winding NmIt connects with resistance R2, two terminals after series connection are respectively connected to triode TR1, TR2
Collector.
9. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: driving transformer B1 magnetic core is by leading
Portion and part composition, principal part is identical with local material, and sectional area is different；Or principal part is identical with local sectional area, material is different.
10. self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the both ends resistance R2 are one in parallel
Capacitor.
11. a kind of power module includes at least four terminals, respectively input plus end, input ground, two output terminals,
It is characterized in that: including the described in any item self-excited push-pull type transducer circuits of claims 1 to 10, self-excited push-pull type transducer electricity
The input anode on road, input ground and two output ends be correspondingly connected to the input plus end of power module, input and two it is defeated
Terminal out.
12. power module according to claim 11, it is characterised in that: further include output rectification circuit in power module.
13. power module according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: do not include in power module input filter capacitor,
Output filter capacitor.
14. a kind of power-supply system, it is characterised in that: including external input filter capacitor and output filter capacitor and right
It is required that power module described in 12 or 13, input filter capacitor and the input plus end of power module and in parallel, output is inputted
Filter capacitor is in parallel with two output terminals of power module, and input filter capacitor and output filter capacitor and power module it
Between distance all≤λ/11, λ be power module the corresponding wavelength of working frequency.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811441756.4A CN109510470B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Self-excitation push-pull type converter circuit, power supply module and power supply system |
| PCT/CN2019/112799 WO2020108179A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2019-10-23 | Self-excited push-pull converter circuit, power supply module, and power supply system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811441756.4A CN109510470B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Self-excitation push-pull type converter circuit, power supply module and power supply system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109510470A true CN109510470A (en) | 2019-03-22 |
| CN109510470B CN109510470B (en) | 2020-09-11 |
Family
ID=65751171
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811441756.4A Active CN109510470B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Self-excitation push-pull type converter circuit, power supply module and power supply system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109510470B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020108179A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020108179A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Self-excited push-pull converter circuit, power supply module, and power supply system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101304215A (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | DC/DC circuit |
| CN102299658A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2011-12-28 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Self-excited push-pull converter |
| CN104300795A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-21 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Flyback converter and control method of flyback converter |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5162981A (en) * | 1991-05-30 | 1992-11-10 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Low voltage d.c. to d.c. converter |
| WO2016103870A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Capacitor circuit, capacitor module and power conversion system |
| CN109510470B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-09-11 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Self-excitation push-pull type converter circuit, power supply module and power supply system |
-
2018
- 2018-11-29 CN CN201811441756.4A patent/CN109510470B/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-10-23 WO PCT/CN2019/112799 patent/WO2020108179A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101304215A (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | DC/DC circuit |
| CN102299658A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2011-12-28 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Self-excited push-pull converter |
| CN104300795A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-21 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Flyback converter and control method of flyback converter |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020108179A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Self-excited push-pull converter circuit, power supply module, and power supply system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020108179A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
| CN109510470B (en) | 2020-09-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103152946B (en) | A kind of high efficiency LED drive circuit | |
| CN104319996A (en) | Synchronous rectification step-down converter chip with high-precision current detection function | |
| CN202424526U (en) | High-voltage input power system | |
| CN202166908U (en) | Combination structure of low dropout regulator (LDO) and direct-current (DC) to direct-current (DC) converter | |
| CN109510470A (en) | A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, power module and power-supply system | |
| CN209046505U (en) | A kind of power supply circuit not needing accessory power supply | |
| CN209545448U (en) | A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer circuit, power module and power-supply system | |
| CN203827604U (en) | Capacitor and circuit board connection structure | |
| CN207166356U (en) | A kind of DC D/C power conversion modules of high accuracy, low ripple | |
| CN109474185A (en) | A kind of power module and the power-supply system using the power module | |
| CN109586582A (en) | A kind of power module and the power-supply system using the power module | |
| CN104749426A (en) | Zero crossing detection circuit and power factor correction circuit | |
| CN105099212A (en) | Voltage booster and series type transformer device | |
| CN203027145U (en) | High-isolation voltage source for coal mine | |
| CN103490606A (en) | Power factor correction circuit with multiple sets of output voltages | |
| KR101244137B1 (en) | Piezoelectric power supply converter | |
| CN106877640B (en) | High-voltage starting circuit | |
| CN104796016A (en) | High-voltage power tube and power source module | |
| CN109639107B (en) | Power module maintenance device | |
| CN204481708U (en) | A kind of high-voltage power pipe and power module | |
| CN103077805A (en) | Self-excited push-pull type converter | |
| CN104539166B (en) | A kind of biasing circuit for self-excited push-pull type transducer | |
| CN214675837U (en) | Circuit board capacitor for voltage doubling device | |
| CN220605776U (en) | High-power-density electric energy conversion device | |
| CN202424527U (en) | Switch power supply circuit structure for television and computer all-in-one machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |