CN109504443B - Coal chemical industry pressure gasification device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal chemical industry pressure gasification device, which comprises: the coal feeding device comprises a first shell and a cylindrical structure, wherein a plurality of coal material feeding holes for feeding coal raw materials are formed in the top 1/3 of the side wall of the first shell, and a gas discharging hole for discharging gas is formed in the top of the first shell; the first shell is divided into a low-temperature area at the upper part, a medium-temperature area at the middle part and a high-temperature area at the lower part according to different temperatures; the filter plate is transversely clamped in the first shell and is positioned in the low-temperature zone, namely above the coal feed inlet; the filter plate is a plate body with a plurality of circular through holes formed in the surface; the anti-blocking plate is positioned above the filter plate and driven by the motor to reciprocate up and down along the pair of slide rails; the invention has simple structure, improves the combustion efficiency by filtering and separating the coal cinder and the generated combustible gas by using the filter plate, and is provided with the anti-blocking plate to remove the impurities clamped in the filter plate and prevent blocking.

Description

Coal chemical industry pressure gasification device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of coal chemical industry pressure gasification. More specifically, the invention relates to a coal chemical industry pressure gasification device.

Background

The crushed coal pressurized gasification furnace is a fixed bed coal gasification furnace and is widely applied to the fields of synthetic ammonia, methanol, dimethyl ether, synthetic oil and coal gas and natural gas prepared from coal. However, the existing pressurized gasification furnaces directly add coal raw materials into the boiler, and cannot filter and separate coal cinder and generated combustible gas, so that the combustion efficiency is too low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a coal chemical industry pressure gasification device which is simple in structure and can be used for filtering and separating coal slag and generated combustible gas by using a filter plate, so that the combustion efficiency is improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a coal chemical pressure gasification apparatus, comprising:

the coal charging device comprises a first shell and a cylindrical structure, wherein a plurality of coal feeding holes for feeding coal raw materials are formed in the position, with the side wall being away from the top 1/3, of the cylindrical structure, the coal feeding holes are annularly distributed along the circumference of the first shell, and a gas discharging hole for discharging gas is formed in the top of the first shell; the bottom of the first shell is provided with an air pipe for introducing mixed gas of oxygen and steam with a pre-adjusted proportion into the first shell; a slag discharge port is formed at the bottom of the first shell; the first shell is divided into a low-temperature area at the upper part, a medium-temperature area at the middle part and a high-temperature area at the lower part according to different temperatures; the medium temperature zone covers the coal material feeding hole, so that the coal raw material entering through the coal material feeding hole is preheated and dried in the medium temperature zone;

the pair of sliding rails are symmetrically distributed in the first shell, and the sliding rails are positioned in the low-temperature area;

setting different numbers of heating rods according to different temperature requirements to form a low-temperature area, a medium-temperature area and a high-temperature area;

the filter plate is transversely clamped in the first shell and is positioned in the low-temperature zone, namely above the coal feed inlet; the filter plate is a plate body with a plurality of circular through holes formed in the surface;

the anti-blocking plate is positioned above the filter plate and is parallel to the filter plate, and the anti-blocking plate is driven by the motor to move up and down along the pair of slide rails in a reciprocating manner; a plurality of cylindrical bulges are vertically arranged on one surface of the anti-blocking plate facing the filter plate; the cylindrical bulges on the anti-blocking plate correspond to the circular through holes on the filter plate one by one; the anti-blocking plate moves up and down along the height direction of the first shell under the driving of the motor, and when the anti-blocking plate moves downwards, the cylindrical protrusions on the anti-blocking plate downwards extend into the corresponding circular through holes in the filter plate to dredge the through holes and prevent the through holes from being blocked; the top end of the cylindrical protrusion is conical;

the coal raw material entering through the coal material inlet is primarily dried and heated in the middle temperature area, then moves downwards to the high temperature area, and is gasified in the high temperature area.

Preferably, the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device further includes:

the rotating rods are vertically arranged in the first shell at intervals and are positioned in the high-temperature area; each rotating rod is driven by a motor to rotate;

a plurality of enrichment rods are arranged on the rotating rod at intervals, and all the enrichment rods are spirally distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating rod; the enrichment rod is obliquely downwards;

and the plurality of enrichment pieces are spirally attached to the inner wall of the first shell along the height direction of the first shell, and each enrichment piece inclines downwards.

Preferably, the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device further includes:

the gas inlet at the lower side of the second shell is communicated with the gas discharge port at the top of the first shell and receives the gas with the coal ash discharged by the first shell through the gas discharge port; the top of the second shell is also provided with a gas outlet without coal ash gas, and the bottom of the second shell is provided with a slag discharge port;

the heat-resistant filtering membrane is transversely detachably arranged in the second shell and divides the inner space of the second shell into an upper space and a lower space;

the atomizing nozzles are uniformly arranged in the lower space at intervals, are inclined downwards and collect the coal ash in an enriching way;

and a plurality of heating rods are arranged in the second shell.

Preferably, the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device, the collection pipeline, one end communicate with the row cinder notch of second casing, the other end communicate with the coal charge feed inlet of first casing, retrieve the coal ash of collecting again and carry out cyclic utilization in the first casing.

Preferably, in the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device, the enrichment rod is made of a deformable high-temperature-resistant flexible material.

Preferably, the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device, the high temperature resistant coating layer is coated on the inner wall of the first shell.

Preferably, the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device further includes:

and the controller controls a motor driving the anti-blocking plate to move, so that the anti-blocking plate moves downwards at preset intervals to clear the anti-blocking.

Preferably, in the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device, the enrichment disc and the enrichment rod are inclined downwards, and the inclination is 35 °.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: the invention has simple structure, improves the combustion efficiency by filtering and separating the coal cinder and the generated combustible gas by using the filter plate, and is provided with the anti-blocking plate to remove the impurities clamped in the filter plate and prevent blocking.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.

It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings as shown

The orientation or positional relationship is merely for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a coal chemical industry pressure gasification apparatus, comprising:

the device comprises a first shell 1 and a cylindrical structure, wherein a plurality of coal feed inlets 2 for feeding coal raw materials are formed in the positions, away from the top 1/3, of the side wall of the first shell 1, the coal feed inlets 2 are annularly distributed along the circumference of the first shell 1, and a gas discharge port 3 for discharging gas is formed in the top of the first shell 1; the bottom of the first shell 1 is provided with an air pipe 4 for introducing oxygen and steam mixed gas with a preset proportion into the first shell; a slag discharge port 5 is formed at the bottom of the first shell 1; the first shell 1 is divided into an upper low-temperature area 101, a middle medium-temperature area 102 and a lower high-temperature area 103 according to different temperatures; the medium temperature zone 102 covers the coal feed inlet 2, so that the coal raw material entering through the coal feed inlet 2 is preheated and dried in the medium temperature zone 102; setting different numbers of heating rods according to different temperature requirements to form a low-temperature area 101, a medium-temperature area 102 and a high-temperature area 103; a pair of slide rails (schematically shown in the figure) symmetrically distributed in the first housing 1, wherein the slide rails are located in the low-temperature region;

the filter plate 6 is transversely clamped in the first shell 1 and is positioned in the low-temperature region 101, namely above the coal feed inlet 2; the filter plate 6 is a plate body 7 with a plurality of circular through holes on the surface;

the anti-blocking plate 8 is positioned above the filter plate 6 and is parallel to the filter plate and the filter plate, and the anti-blocking plate 8 is driven by a motor to move up and down along a pair of slide rails in a reciprocating manner; a plurality of cylindrical bulges 9 are vertically arranged on one surface of the anti-blocking plate 8 facing the filter plate 6; the cylindrical protrusions 9 on the anti-blocking plate 8 correspond to the circular through holes 7 on the filter plate 6 one by one; the anti-blocking plate 8 moves up and down along the height direction of the first shell 1 under the driving of the motor, and when the anti-blocking plate 1 moves down, the cylindrical protrusions 9 on the anti-blocking plate extend downwards into the corresponding circular through holes 7 on the filter plate 6 to dredge the through holes and prevent the through holes from being blocked; the top end of the cylindrical bulge 9 is conical;

the rotating rods 10 are vertically arranged in the first shell 1 at intervals and are positioned in the high-temperature area 101; each rotating rod 10 is driven by a motor to rotate; a plurality of enrichment rods 11 are arranged on the rotating rod 10 at intervals, and all the enrichment rods 11 are spirally distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 10; the enrichment rod 11 is inclined downwards; and the plurality of enrichment pieces 12 are spirally attached to the inner wall of the first shell 1 along the height direction of the first shell 1, and each enrichment piece 12 inclines downwards. And the controller controls a motor driving the anti-blocking plate 8 to move, so that the anti-blocking plate 8 moves downwards at preset intervals to clear the blockage.

The practical use flow of the pressure gasification device of the invention is as follows: firstly, coal raw materials enter through a coal material inlet 2, and meanwhile, mixed gas of oxygen and steam sequentially passes through a high-temperature area 103, a medium-temperature area 102 and a low-temperature area 101 from bottom to top through an air pipe 4; preliminary drying and heating are carried out in the middle temperature zone 102, then the gas moves downwards to the high temperature zone 103, the semicoke is generated by gasification in the high temperature zone, the combustible substance gas generated in the process moves upwards, the combustible substance gas enters the low temperature zone 101, passes through the filter plate 6, the gas enters the upper part through the filter plate 6 under the filtering action of the filter plate 6, then the semicoke generated in the process moves downwards, further enrichment is carried out on the enrichment sheet 12 and the enrichment rod 11, and the over-dispersion can be avoided, and the gas is blown away to the low temperature zone 101 or the middle temperature zone 102 above by the mixed gas of oxygen and steam, so that the reaction efficiency is low, and the gasification reaction efficiency is further improved. And after using a period of time, when the filter 6 takes place to block up, start the controller, control anti-clogging plate 8 downstream, cylindrical protrusion 9 on it all stretches into circular through-hole 7 on the corresponding filter 6 downwards, dredges the through-hole, prevents its jam.

In one embodiment, the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device further includes:

a second housing 13, the air inlet 14 at the lower side of which is communicated with the air discharge port 3 at the top of the first housing 1, and which receives the soot-laden air discharged from the first housing 1 through the air discharge port 3; the top of the second shell 13 is also provided with a gas outlet without coal ash gas, and the bottom of the second shell is provided with a slag discharge port; a heat-resistant filter membrane 15 which is transversely detachably mounted in the second housing 13 and divides the inner space of the second housing 13 into an upper space 16 and a lower space 17; the atomizing nozzles 18 are uniformly arranged in the lower space at intervals, and the atomizing nozzles 18 are all inclined downwards to enrich and collect the coal ash; a plurality of heating rods are arranged in the second shell 13. And one end of the collecting pipeline 19 is communicated with the slag discharge port of the second shell 13, the other end of the collecting pipeline is communicated with the coal charge feed port 2 of the first shell 1, and the collected coal ash is recycled into the first shell 1 for cyclic utilization.

When the gas carrying with the coal ash runs out of the first shell 1, the gas enters the second shell 13, the atomization nozzle 18 is used for sprinkling water, the coal ash with tiny particles is accumulated and enlarged, falls to the bottom, is discharged through a slag discharge port and is recycled into the first shell 1 for cyclic utilization; and gas enters the upper part after being filtered by the heat-resistant filtering membrane 15 and is discharged from the gas outlet, and the arrangement of the heat-resistant filtering membrane 15 can prevent coal ash from escaping, so that the coal ash can only go downwards and is wetted and gathered by atomized water vapor.

In one embodiment, the enrichment rod 11 of the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device is made of a deformable high-temperature-resistant flexible material.

In one embodiment, the coal chemical industry pressure gasification device has the advantages that the inner wall of the first shell 1 is coated with the high-temperature-resistant coating layer, so that the service life is prolonged.

In one embodiment, the enrichment piece 12 and the enrichment rod 11 are inclined downwards, the inclination is 35 degrees, and the semi-coke after enrichment can slowly fall down.

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a coal industry pressure gasification device which characterized in that includes:

the coal feeding device comprises a first shell and a cylindrical structure, wherein a plurality of coal feeding holes for feeding coal raw materials are formed in the position, with the height being 1/3 away from the top, of the side wall of the first shell, and the coal feeding holes are annularly distributed along the circumference of the first shell; the top of the first shell is provided with a gas discharge port for discharging gas; the bottom of the first shell is provided with an air pipe for introducing mixed gas of oxygen and steam with a pre-adjusted proportion into the first shell; a slag discharge port is formed at the bottom of the first shell; the first shell is divided into a low-temperature area at the upper part, a medium-temperature area at the middle part and a high-temperature area at the lower part according to different temperatures; the medium temperature zone covers the coal material feeding hole, so that the coal raw material entering through the coal material feeding hole is preheated and dried in the medium temperature zone;

the pair of sliding rails are symmetrically distributed in the first shell, and the sliding rails are positioned in the low-temperature area;

setting different numbers of heating rods according to different temperature requirements to form a low-temperature area, a medium-temperature area and a high-temperature area;

the filter plate is transversely clamped in the first shell and is positioned in the low-temperature zone, namely above the coal feed inlet; the filter plate is a plate body with a plurality of circular through holes formed in the surface;

the anti-blocking plate is positioned above the filter plate and is parallel to the filter plate, and the anti-blocking plate is driven by the motor to move up and down along the pair of slide rails in a reciprocating manner; a plurality of cylindrical bulges are vertically arranged on one surface of the anti-blocking plate facing the filter plate; the cylindrical bulges on the anti-blocking plate correspond to the circular through holes on the filter plate one by one; the anti-blocking plate moves up and down along the height direction of the first shell under the driving of the motor, and when the anti-blocking plate moves downwards, the cylindrical protrusions on the anti-blocking plate downwards extend into the corresponding circular through holes in the filter plate to dredge the through holes and prevent the through holes from being blocked; the top end of the cylindrical protrusion is conical;

the coal raw material entering through the coal material inlet is primarily dried and heated in the medium-temperature area, then moves downwards to the high-temperature area, and is gasified in the high-temperature area;

the rotating rods are vertically arranged in the first shell at intervals and are positioned in the high-temperature area; each rotating rod is driven by a motor to rotate;

a plurality of enrichment rods are arranged on the rotating rod at intervals, and all the enrichment rods are spirally distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating rod; the enrichment rod is obliquely downwards;

the enrichment pieces are spirally attached to the inner wall of the first shell along the height direction of the first shell, and each enrichment piece inclines downwards;

the gas inlet at the lower side of the second shell is communicated with the gas discharge port at the top of the first shell and receives the gas with the coal ash discharged by the first shell through the gas discharge port; the top of the second shell is also provided with a gas outlet without coal ash gas, and the bottom of the second shell is provided with a slag discharge port;

the heat-resistant filtering membrane is transversely detachably arranged in the second shell and divides the inner space of the second shell into an upper space and a lower space;

the atomizing nozzles are uniformly arranged in the lower space at intervals, are inclined downwards and collect the coal ash in an enriching way;

and a plurality of heating rods are arranged in the second shell.

2. The coal chemical industry pressure gasification device of claim 1, wherein one end of the collecting pipe is communicated with the slag discharge port of the second shell, and the other end of the collecting pipe is communicated with the coal charge feed port of the first shell, and the collected coal ash is recycled into the first shell for recycling.

3. The coal chemical industry pressure gasification device of claim 1, wherein the enrichment rod is made of a deformable high temperature resistant flexible material.

4. The coal chemical industry pressure gasification device of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the first shell is coated with a high temperature resistant coating.

5. The coal chemical industry pressure gasification apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

and the controller controls a motor driving the anti-blocking plate to move, so that the anti-blocking plate moves downwards at preset intervals to clear the anti-blocking.

6. The coal chemical industry pressure gasification device of claim 2, wherein the enrichment disc and the enrichment rod are inclined downwards with an inclination of 35 °.

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