CN109501321B - Fiber reinforced composite material impregnation system, crankshaft rotary vibration equipment and application thereof - Google Patents
Fiber reinforced composite material impregnation system, crankshaft rotary vibration equipment and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109501321B CN109501321B CN201811221575.0A CN201811221575A CN109501321B CN 109501321 B CN109501321 B CN 109501321B CN 201811221575 A CN201811221575 A CN 201811221575A CN 109501321 B CN109501321 B CN 109501321B
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- rotary vibration
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- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 15
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021197 fiber intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/504—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/001—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system, comprising: a dispensing apparatus that supplies a resin base material; the mixing device is connected with the batching device and is configured to uniformly mix the resin matrix materials from the batching device, and a discharge hole is formed in the mixing device; and a crankshaft rotational vibration device provided downstream of the compounding device, the crankshaft rotational vibration rod being provided at any one or more of an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion of the fibers in which the resin base material is poured by the compounding device. A crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus and applications of the impregnation system are also disclosed. The impregnation system has high mechanization degree, high efficiency and stable production efficiency, and solves the problems of uneven impregnation of fiber and resin matrix, high cost, limited size of formed products and the like existing in alternative kneading of multiple shifts.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to, but is not limited to, the formation of fiber reinforced composites, and in particular, but not limited to, a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system and crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus and applications thereof.
Background
In the fiber reinforced polyurethane foam molding technology, in order to achieve effective reinforcement of foamed polyurethane foam by bundles of continuous long glass fibers, it is necessary to sufficiently and uniformly impregnate the two. The dipping section in the existing fiber reinforced polyurethane foam plastic molding process adopts a mode of alternately rubbing by a plurality of shifts, so that the dipping effect is unstable, and particularly when the fiber reinforced polyurethane foam plastic molding process is used for long-time production, the fatigue feeling of workers is increased, the concentration degree is reduced, and the dipping effect is reduced. In addition, the polyurethane resin is cured after foaming is completed, so that it is necessary to complete infiltration of the continuous long fibers before foaming of the polyurethane resin is completed in the production of the composite tie. However, the foaming time of polyurethane resin is short, and when large-size products are produced, the resin matrix material and the fibers cannot be fully infiltrated in a short time by adopting a manual kneading infiltration mode, so that the size of the molded products is limited, the large-size synthetic sleeper meeting the requirements of railways cannot be obtained through one-step molding, only small-size products can be molded first, and then the large-size synthetic sleeper meeting the requirements of the railways can be formed through a multi-layer bonding mode. Therefore, the processing cost is increased, the production efficiency is reduced, the risk of cracking of the bonding surface exists in a bonding mode, and the running safety of the train is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The application provides a fiber reinforced composite material's impregnation system and bent axle rotational vibration equipment and application thereof, this impregnation system can make the fibre fully soak by resin to degree of mechanization is high, can not lead to the impregnation effect to descend along with the production time extension, can once only take shape moreover and obtain satisfying the synthetic sleeper of railway usefulness.
Specifically, the present application provides a crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus including:
the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod is provided with a plurality of circles of grooves on the outer peripheral surface of a rod-shaped main body;
a motor; and
and the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod is fixed between the two cam and rotary guide rod combined structures, one cam and rotary guide rod combined structure is connected with a motor shaft of the motor and is driven by the motor to drive the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod to vibrate up and down and rotate towards the direction of fiber movement.
In an embodiment of the present application, the cam and rotating guide rod combined structure may include a cam, a rotating guide rod, and a crankshaft rod fixing seat, where the cam is provided with a first gear and a cam guiding groove, and the cam guiding groove is disposed around the first gear; the rotating guide rod comprises a connecting rod and a rotating rod, wherein the connecting rod of one cam and rotating guide rod combined structure is connected with a motor shaft of the motor, and the rotating rod is provided with a mounting hole; the one end of bent axle stick fixing base is provided with the second gear, the other end with bent axle rotation vibration stick is connected fixedly, the one end that is provided with the second gear of bent axle stick fixing base passes behind the mounting hole imbeds in the cam guide slot, and first gear with the second gear meshes.
In the embodiment of the application, the depth of the grooves may be 10mm to 100mm, and the interval between adjacent grooves may be 10mm to 100mm.
In an embodiment of the present application, the groove may be a triangular or rectangular groove.
In an embodiment of the present application, the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be made of any one or more materials of metal, wood, plastic, and rubber.
The present application also provides a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system, the impregnation system comprising:
a dispensing apparatus that supplies a resin base material;
the mixing device is connected with the batching device and is configured to uniformly mix the resin matrix materials from the batching device, and a discharge hole is formed in the mixing device; and
the crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus as described above is provided downstream of the compounding apparatus, and the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is provided at any one or more of an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion of the fibers in which the resin base material is poured by the compounding apparatus.
In the embodiment of the present application, the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be provided with 3, 3 crankshaft rotary vibration rods may be provided at an upper portion, a middle portion and a lower portion of the fiber in which the resin matrix material is poured by the mixing apparatus, respectively.
In embodiments of the present application, the discharge port of the compounding device may be configured to be capable of reciprocating in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the fibers.
In the embodiment of the application, can be provided with the discharging pipe on the compounding equipment, the export of keeping away from of discharging pipe the one end of compounding equipment is the discharge gate, the one end of keeping away from of discharging pipe can be under reciprocating mechanical equipment's drive follow perpendicular to the reciprocal swing of direction that the fibre removed, reciprocating mechanical equipment can include two guide rails, slip table, cylinder and fixed bolster, the slip table slidable sets up between two guide rails, the cylinder with the slip table is connected and is driven the slip table slides on two guide rails, the fixed bolster sets up on the slip table, the discharge gate of compounding equipment is fixed on the fixed bolster.
The present application also provides the use of a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system as described above, comprising:
the batching equipment supplies resin matrix materials to the batching equipment, and the resin matrix materials are uniformly mixed in the batching equipment;
the fiber is pulled to the lower part of a discharge hole of the mixing equipment, and the evenly mixed resin matrix material is poured on the fiber through the discharge hole;
and the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is arranged at any one or more of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber poured with the resin matrix material at the downstream of the mixing equipment, and the driving device is started to drive the crankshaft rotary vibration to vibrate up and down and rotate towards the direction of fiber movement.
In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be-50 mm to 50mm, and the rotational linear speed of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be substantially identical to the movement speed of the fiber.
The impregnation system of the fiber reinforced composite material adopts the crankshaft rotary vibration equipment to replace manual kneading impregnation, so that the mechanization degree of the system is improved, the impregnation system not only has high-efficiency and stable production efficiency, but also solves the problems of uneven impregnation of fibers and resin matrixes, high cost, limited size of formed products and the like existing in alternate kneading of multiple shifts.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technical aspects of the present application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the technical aspects of the present application and together with the examples of the present application, and not constitute a limitation of the technical aspects of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft rotary vibration rod according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a cam of a crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus of the embodiment of the application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotary guide rod of a crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus of the embodiment of the application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft rod holder of a crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus of an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an impregnation system of a fiber reinforced composite according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a reciprocating mechanical apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals in the drawings are:
1-crankshaft rotating vibration rod 2-motor 11-groove
12-saw tooth 3-cam and rotary guide rod combined structure 31-cam
311-first gear 312-cam guide groove 32-rotation guide bar
321-connecting rod 322-rotating rod 323-mounting hole
33-crankshaft rod fixing seat 331-second gear 4-batching equipment
41-black tank 42-white tank 43-dryer
44-stirrer 45-metering pump 5-mixing equipment
51-discharge hole 52-discharge pipe 6-reciprocating mechanical equipment
61-guide 62-sliding table 63-cylinder
64-fixed bracket 100-fiber 200-resin matrix material
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other.
The embodiment of the application provides a crankshaft rotary vibration device, which is shown in fig. 1-2, and comprises a crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1, a motor 2 and two cam and rotary guide rod combined structures 3. The crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1 is fixed between the two cam and rotary guide rod combined structures 3, wherein one cam and rotary guide rod combined structure 3 is connected with a motor shaft of the motor 2, is driven by the motor 2 and then drives the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 3 to vibrate up and down and rotate towards the direction of fiber movement.
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, a plurality of rings of grooves 11 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod-like body of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1. The part of the stick-shaped body where the recess 11 is not provided forms serrations 12.
In the embodiment of the application, the length of the crankshaft vibrating rod can be 100 mm-1000 mm, for example, 500mm; the diameter of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be 20mm to 200mm, for example, 50mm; the depth of the groove of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be 10mm to 100mm, for example, 35mm; the distance between the adjacent grooves can be 10 mm-100 mm; the shape of the groove of the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod can be triangular or rectangular, and the groove is triangular as shown in fig. 2; the material of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod can be any one or more of metal, wood, plastic and rubber, for example, no. 45 carbon steel, and when the material is two or more, the material of different parts of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is different.
The cam and rotating guide rod combined structure can adopt a cam and rotating guide rod combined structure commonly used in the mechanical field.
As shown in fig. 1, the cam and rotating guide rod combination structure 3 includes a cam 31, a rotating guide rod 32 and a crankshaft rod fixing seat 33. The motor 2 is disposed at one side of the cam 31. As shown in fig. 5, a first gear 311 and a cam guide groove 312 are provided on a side of the cam 31 remote from the motor 2, the cam guide groove 312 being provided around the first gear 311. As shown in fig. 6, the rotating guide 32 includes a connecting rod 321 and a rotating rod 322, wherein the connecting rod 321 of one cam and rotating guide combination structure 3 is connected with the motor shaft of the motor, and the rotating rod 322 is provided with a mounting hole 323. As shown in fig. 7, one end of the crankshaft rod fixing seat 33 is provided with a second gear 331, and the other end is fixedly connected with the crankshaft rotary vibration rod.
The shape of the first gear 311 may be circular or elliptical. The length of the mounting hole 323 is greater than the maximum distance between the edge of the first gear 311 and the center of the first gear 311 to allow the second gear 331 to rotate in the cam guide groove 312. The distance between the opposite sides of the cam guide groove 312 is related to the vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1, and when the shape of the first gear 311 may be circular, the inner circumference of the cam guide groove 312 is also circular, and the radius of the inner circumference is equal to the vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1.
In the mounting process, one end of the crankshaft rod fixing base 33 provided with the second gear 331 is inserted into the cam guide groove 312 after passing through the mounting hole 323, and the first gear 311 is engaged with the second gear 331. When in operation, the motor 2 is started, the rotating guide rod 32 connected with the motor 2 synchronously rotates along with the motor, and simultaneously drives the crank rod fixing seat 33 penetrating through the rotating guide rod 32 to rotate in the cam guide groove 312. The crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1 connected to the crankshaft rod fixing base 33 rotates along with the rotating guide rod 32, and the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1 rotates under the drive of the second gear 331.
The embodiment of the application also provides a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system, as shown in fig. 8, which comprises a batching device 4, a mixing device 5 and a crankshaft rotary vibration device as described above.
The compounding apparatus 4 supplies resin base materials (including isocyanate, polyol and auxiliary agents such as foam stabilizer, foaming agent, aging inhibitor, flame retardant, ultraviolet absorber, etc.). The batching equipment 4 can include a black tank 41 for holding isocyanate and a white tank 42 for holding polyol and auxiliary agent, the upper end of the black tank 41 is provided with a dryer 43, so that the isocyanate and water can be prevented from contacting and chemically reacting, and the white tank 42 is provided with a stirrer 44, so that various raw materials in the white tank 42 can be uniformly stirred. The lower ends of the black tank 41 and the white tank 42 may be connected to the upper end of the mixing device 5 through pipes, respectively. A metering pump 25 may be disposed on the pipe between the black tank 41 and the mixing device 5 and the pipe between the white tank 42 and the mixing device 5, respectively, for controlling the supply amounts of the raw materials in the black tank 41 and the white tank 42, respectively.
The mixing device 5 is connected with the batching device 4 and is configured to uniformly mix the resin matrix material from the batching device 4, and a discharge port 51 is arranged on the mixing device 5. The mixing device 5 may be a static mixer, a high pressure foaming machine or a low pressure foaming machine, for example, a high pressure foaming machine (the structure is shown in fig. 8), for example, a PU 22F-series high pressure foaming machine manufactured by phyr polyurethane equipment engineering, inc.
The discharge opening 51 of the mixing device 5 may be configured to be capable of reciprocating in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the fibers. In this embodiment, the material mixing device 5 may be provided with a material discharging pipe 52, an outlet of one end of the material discharging pipe 52, which is far away from the material mixing device 5, is used as the material discharging hole 51, and one end of the material discharging pipe 52, which is far away from the material mixing device 5, may swing reciprocally under the driving of the reciprocating mechanical device 6 along the direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the fiber. As shown in fig. 9, the reciprocating mechanical apparatus 6 may include two guide rails 61, a slide table 62, an air cylinder 63, and a fixing bracket 64, the slide table 62 is slidably disposed between the two guide rails 61, the air cylinder 63 is connected with the slide table 62 and drives the slide table 62 to slide on the two guide rails 61, the fixing bracket 64 is disposed on the slide table 62, and the discharge port 51 of the mixing apparatus 5 is fixed on the fixing bracket 64. The cylinder 63 may be a single-axis cylinder or a double-axis cylinder.
The crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus is disposed downstream of the compounding apparatus 5, and the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1 is disposed at any one or more of the upper, middle and lower portions of the fiber 100 in which the resin base material 200 is poured by the compounding apparatus 5. In operation, the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 1 continuously contacts and beats the fibers 100 by vibrating up and down and rotating in the direction of fiber movement, and the serrations thereon assist the resin matrix material 200 on the fiber surface to enter the inside of the fibers.
The crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus may be provided with a plurality of, for example, 3 of the crankshaft rotary vibration apparatuses, and 3 crankshaft rotary vibration bars 1 may be provided at upper, middle and lower portions of the fibers in which the resin matrix material is poured by the mixing apparatus 5, respectively, for vibrating and beating the upper, middle and lower portions of the fibers, respectively. The 3 crankshaft rotary vibration bars 1 may be uniformly disposed at equal distances in the moving direction of the fibers, for example, may be disposed at the front, middle and rear ends of the fibers, respectively, thereby achieving sufficient impregnation of the fibers with the resin matrix material.
The embodiment of the application also provides application of the impregnation system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The batching equipment supplies resin matrix materials to the batching equipment, and the resin matrix materials are uniformly mixed in the batching equipment;
(2) The fiber is pulled to the lower part of a discharge hole of the mixing equipment, and the evenly mixed resin matrix material is poured on the fiber through the discharge hole;
(3) And the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is arranged at any one or more of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber poured with the resin matrix material at the downstream of the mixing equipment, and the driving device is started to drive the crankshaft rotary vibration to vibrate up and down and rotate towards the direction of fiber movement.
In the step (1), the usage amount of the resin matrix material per minute can be calculated according to production requirements (such as production speed, glue loss rate and the like), and parameters of a metering pump are adjusted so that the resin matrix materials in the black tank and the white tank are conveyed to the mixing equipment in proportion and are uniformly mixed. When a high-pressure foaming machine is used as the mixing device, the casting amount per minute of the resin base material can be controlled by the high-pressure foaming machine. The high-pressure foaming machine is provided with a small black material tank and a small white material tank which are respectively connected with the black material tank and the white material tank of the batching equipment, and when the consumption of resin matrix materials in the black material tank and the white material tank of the high-pressure foaming machine is up to a certain limit, the black material tank and the white material tank of the batching equipment which are connected can be automatically supplied and supplemented, and the whole process is continuously adjustable and controllable.
In step (2), the amount of fibers required may be calculated according to production requirements (e.g., density, size, content of resin matrix material of synthetic tie, and the fibers are uniformly arranged on a yarn collecting plate in order, and then the fibers are drawn to a position below a discharge port of the material mixing device, through which the uniformly mixed resin matrix material is poured onto the fibers to primarily impregnate the fibers.
In step (3), a crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be provided at any one or more of an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion of the fibers in which the resin matrix material is poured by the mixing apparatus. The crankshaft rotary vibrating rod vibrates up and down at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber and rotates towards the moving direction of the fiber, so that the resin matrix material on the surface of the fiber enters the fiber under the action of the motion of the crankshaft vibrating rod, and the fiber is subjected to secondary impregnation. When the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber are all provided with the crankshaft rotary vibrating bars, the better dipping effect can be realized rapidly.
The application method of the impregnation system provided by the embodiment of the application can realize the sufficient impregnation of the resin matrix material to the fibers by combining primary impregnation and secondary impregnation.
In an application of the impregnation system provided in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of crankshaft rotary vibration bars may be provided. During application, the crankshaft rotary vibration rod at the front end disperses the resin matrix material on the surface of the fiber into the fiber through up-and-down vibration and self rotation, then the crankshaft rotary vibration rod at the middle part continuously vibrates and rotates, so that the resin matrix material and the fiber are mixed and impregnated again, and finally the full impregnation of the fiber is completed under the vibration and rotation of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod at the rear end. And moreover, the vibration amplitude and the vibration frequency of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod at the middle part and the rear end can be adjusted according to the impregnation effect of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod at the front end, so that the impregnation effect of resin on fibers is ensured. As shown in fig. 8, the resin matrix material poured on the fibers by the mixing apparatus is unevenly distributed, the resin matrix material on the outer fibers is less, the uniformity of the distribution of the resin matrix material on the fibers is improved after passing through the first crankshaft rotary vibration rod at the front end, and the uniformity of the distribution of the resin matrix material on the fibers is continuously improved after passing through the second and third crankshafts rotary vibration rods at the middle and rear ends.
In the embodiment of the present application, the rotational linear velocity of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be substantially identical to the moving velocity of the fiber, for example, 0.8m/min.
In the embodiment of the application, the vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod can be 50 mm-50 mm, for example, 30 mm-30 mm.
The impregnation system of the fiber reinforced composite material can realize the impregnation of the resin matrix material, especially the high-viscosity resin matrix material, the foaming resin matrix material and the like to the fiber reinforced materials such as chopped fibers, continuous fibers, fiber fabrics, three-dimensional fabrics and the like. When the fiber reinforcement contains chopped fibers, the chopped fibers may be added in two ways: 1. mixing a resin matrix material with the chopped fibers by using a high-pressure foaming machine of an impregnation system capable of premixing the chopped fibers, and then casting the mixture of the resin matrix material and the chopped fibers onto the surface of the continuous fibers, and impregnating the continuous fibers; 2. after the resin matrix material is cast on the continuous fibers by adopting the impregnation system, the chopped fibers are directly sprayed on the surfaces of the fibers on which the resin matrix material is cast, and then the resin matrix material, the chopped fibers and the continuous fibers are mixed and impregnated by adopting the mechanical vibration equipment of the impregnation system.
When the composite sleeper is produced, the fiber impregnated by the impregnation system provided by the embodiment of the application is sent into a foaming mold to be solidified and molded, and the composite sleeper can be obtained. The production of the composite sleeper with any size can be realized by adjusting parameters such as the size, the vibration frequency, the vibration amplitude and the like of the crankshaft vibration rod, the width, the thickness and the number of layers of fiber arrangement, the dosage of resin matrix materials and the like.
Example 1
Adopt the fiber reinforced composite's that this application embodiment provided impregnating system to impregnate the fibre, bent axle rotational vibration equipment includes 3 bent axle rotational vibration bars, sets up respectively in the upper portion, middle part and the lower part of pouring the fibre that have resin matrix material. The vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is-50 mm, the rotary linear speed is basically consistent with the moving speed of the fiber and is 0.8m/min, the grooves are triangular, the depth is 35mm, and the distance between every two adjacent grooves is 10mm. Setting the glue supply amount (namely the dosage of the resin matrix material) to be 22kg/min, and producingThe speed is 0.8m/min, the mass ratio of fiber to resin is 1:1, the size of a molding equipment cavity is 260 multiplied by 260 (mm), the glass fiber dosage of 9600Tex is 2140 bundles, and 760kg/m with the molding section size of 260 multiplied by 260 (mm) is produced 3 Is a composite tie. The performance of the resulting composite tie was tested according to standard CJ-T399-2012-polyurethane foam composite tie, with the main test results shown in the following table.
| Detecting items | Unit (B) | Test results at 1 h | Test results after 3 hours |
| Apparent density of | kg/m 3 | 760 | 760 |
| Pulling resistance of screw spike | kN | 65 | 68 |
| Bending resistance of finished products | kN | 182 | 180 |
| Flexural Strength | MPa | 128 | 130 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 8.9 | 9.2 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 78 | 80 |
| Shear strength | MPa | 9.5 | 10.0 |
Example 2
The impregnation system for the fiber reinforced composite material provided by the embodiment of the application is used for impregnating the fibers, and the crankshaft rotary vibration equipment comprises 3 crankshaft rotary vibration rods which are respectively arranged at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fibers poured with the resin matrix material. The vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is-30 mm, the rotary linear speed is basically consistent with the moving speed of the fiber and is 0.8m/min, the shape of the groove is rectangular, the depth is 100mm, and the distance between every two adjacent grooves is 100mm. Setting the glue supply amount to be 25kg/min, the production speed to be 0.8m/min, the mass ratio of fiber to resin to be 1:1, the cavity size of forming equipment to be 260X 260 (mm), the glass fiber consumption of 9600Tex to be 2394 bundles, and producing 850kg/m with the formed cross section size of 260X 260 (mm) 3 Is a composite tie. The performance of the resulting composite tie was tested according to standard CJ-T399-2012-polyurethane foam composite tie, with the main test results shown in the following table.
| Detecting items | Unit (B) | Test results at 1 h | Test results after 3 hours |
| Apparent density of | kg/m 3 | 850 | 850 |
| Pulling resistance of screw spike | kN | 76 | 80 |
| Bending resistance of finished products | kN | 191 | 190 |
| Flexural Strength | MPa | 137 | 140 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 9.7 | 10.2 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 86 | 85 |
| Shear strength | MPa | 10.8 | 11 |
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 only in that: the fibers are impregnated by adopting a manual shift kneading mode to prepare the composite sleeper with the thickness of about 87mm, and then 3 composite sleepers are bonded together to obtain the sleeper with the thickness of 260 mm. The main performance test results of the resulting composite tie are shown in the following table.
| Detecting items | Unit (B) | Test results at 1 h | Test results after 3 hours |
| Apparent density of | kg/m 3 | 760 | 760 |
| Pulling resistance of screw spike | kN | 60 | 52 |
| Bending resistance of finished products | kN | 165 | 160 |
| Flexural Strength | MPa | 110 | 102 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 7.8 | 7.2 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 76 | 70 |
| Shear strength | MPa | 9.0 | 8.3 |
The mechanical properties of the sleeper (the pulling resistance of the threaded spike, the bending resistance of a finished product, the bending strength, the bending modulus, the compression strength, the shearing strength and the fatigue resistance of the assembly) can reflect the impregnation effect of the resin on the fibers when the sleeper is produced. It can be seen that the mechanical properties of the synthetic sleeper obtained by the impregnation system provided by the embodiment of the application are almost stable and unchanged, which indicates that the impregnation effect of the impregnation system is very stable and cannot be reduced along with the extension of the production time; the mechanical properties of the composite sleeper obtained by adopting the mode of alternating kneading of multiple shifts can meet the use requirements of the sleeper (realized by the shifts of the multiple shifts), but the mechanical properties are not as good as those of the composite sleeper obtained by adopting the impregnation system of the embodiment of the application, and the mechanical properties are unstable, so that the impregnation effect of manual kneading is unstable.
In addition, when the production is carried out for a long time, the fatigue feeling of workers is increased, the concentration degree is reduced, and the dipping effect is obviously reduced. In order to produce qualified sleepers, the traditional impregnation method has to put more manpower into shift, so the application has the advantages of greatly reducing the labor cost of production and solving the defects of instability and the like of the multi-person shift operation of the traditional manual kneading impregnation process. Moreover, the dipping system can achieve a good dipping effect in a short time, can obtain a composite sleeper with a larger size by one-step molding, meets the railway use requirement, and avoids the risk of bonding cracking.
Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the embodiments are only used for facilitating understanding of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains will be able to make any modifications and variations in form and detail of implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, but the scope of the application is still subject to the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus, the crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus comprising:
the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod is provided with a plurality of circles of grooves on the outer peripheral surface of a rod-shaped main body;
a motor; and
the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod is fixed between the two cam and rotary guide rod combined structures, one cam and rotary guide rod combined structure is connected with a motor shaft of the motor and is driven by the motor to drive the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod to vibrate up and down and rotate towards the direction of fiber movement;
the cam and rotating guide rod combined structure comprises a cam, a rotating guide rod and a crankshaft rod fixing seat, wherein a first gear and a cam guide groove are arranged on the cam, and the cam guide groove is arranged around the first gear; the rotating guide rod comprises a connecting rod and a rotating rod, wherein the connecting rod of one cam and rotating guide rod combined structure is connected with a motor shaft of the motor, and the rotating rod is provided with a mounting hole; the one end of bent axle stick fixing base is provided with the second gear, the other end with bent axle rotation vibration stick is connected fixedly, the one end that is provided with the second gear of bent axle stick fixing base passes behind the mounting hole imbeds in the cam guide slot, and first gear with the second gear meshes.
2. The crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the grooves is 10mm to 100mm, and the interval between adjacent grooves is 10mm to 100mm.
3. The crankshaft rotational vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the groove is a triangular or rectangular groove.
4. A crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is made of any one or more materials of metal, wood, plastic, and rubber.
5. A fiber reinforced composite impregnation system, the impregnation system comprising:
a dispensing apparatus that supplies a resin base material;
the mixing device is connected with the batching device and is configured to uniformly mix the resin matrix materials from the batching device, and a discharge hole is formed in the mixing device; and
a crankshaft rotary vibration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, provided downstream of the compounding apparatus, the crankshaft rotary vibration rod being provided at any one or more of an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion of the fibers in which the resin base material is poured by the compounding apparatus.
6. The impregnation system of claim 5, wherein the crankshaft rotary vibration bars are provided with 3, 3 crankshaft rotary vibration bars are provided at upper, middle and lower portions of the fibers poured with the resin matrix material by the mixing apparatus, respectively.
7. The impregnation system of claim 5, wherein the discharge port of the compounding device is configured to be reciprocally swingable in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the fibers.
8. The impregnation system of claim 7, wherein a discharge pipe is arranged on the mixing device, an outlet of one end, far away from the mixing device, of the discharge pipe is the discharge outlet, one end, far away from the mixing device, of the discharge pipe swings back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the fiber under the driving of a reciprocating mechanical device, the reciprocating mechanical device comprises two guide rails, a sliding table, a cylinder and a fixed support, the sliding table is slidably arranged between the two guide rails, the cylinder is connected with the sliding table and drives the sliding table to slide on the two guide rails, the fixed support is arranged on the sliding table, and the discharge outlet of the mixing device is fixed on the fixed support.
9. Use of the impregnation system of any of claims 5-8, comprising:
the batching equipment supplies resin matrix materials to the batching equipment, and the resin matrix materials are uniformly mixed in the batching equipment;
the fiber is pulled to the lower part of a discharge hole of the mixing equipment, and the evenly mixed resin matrix material is poured on the fiber through the discharge hole;
and the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is arranged at any one or more of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber poured with the resin matrix material at the downstream of the mixing equipment, and the driving device is started to drive the crankshaft rotary vibration to vibrate up and down and rotate towards the direction of fiber movement.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is-50 mm to 50mm, and the rotational linear velocity of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod is substantially identical to the moving velocity of the fiber.
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